Multi-application Profile Updates Propagation: a Semantic Layer to improve Mapping between Applications

Transcription

1 Multi-application Profile Updates Propagation: a Semantic Layer to improve Mapping between Applications N a d i a B e n n a n i U n i v e r s i t é d e L y o n M a x C h e v a l i e r - U n i v e r s i t é P a u l S a b a t i e r Elöd E g y e d - Z s i g m o n d U n i v e r s i t é d e L y o n G i l l e s H u b e r t U n i v e r s i t é P a u l S a b a t i e r M a r c o V i v i a n i U n i v e r s i t à d e g l i S t u d i d e l l I n s u b r i a M u l t i A - P r o A P R I L 1 6 TH

2 OUTLINE Open Issues in Multi-application Personalization G-Profile The Semantic Layer Benefits of Integration Conclusions and Further Research 2 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

3 Introduction Nowadays, many applications in different areas (digital libraries, search engines, e-learning, online databases, ecommerce, social networks ) collect information about users for service personalization. Applications organize user properties, preferences and assumptions based on the user state, in user profiles. Each application manages user information independently from others, using a specific user model. 3 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

4 Mono application user profile management Application 3 Application 2 Application 4 Internet Application 5 Application 1 Application /04/2012 MultiA-Pro 4

5 Drawbacks Data incoherence among isolated user profiles can be produced, due to several drawbacks strictly connected to mono-application personalization. Redundancy. Lack of inter-application experience: data connected to a given user remain private to each application. Users cannot take advantage of their information scattered across different applications. Lack of inter-user experience: users cannot profit of the experience already accumulated by other users, in the same or different applications. Lack of control: users have little or no control over the information defining their profiles. 5 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

6 Aim of our Work G-Profile: a multi-application user modeling system G-Profile allows user profile information to evolve in a multi-application context by user data propagation. G-Profile is based on user profile mappings between applications. To improve mapping management and to limit human intervention, we propose to add to G-Profile a Semantic Layer: a module allowing to automatically identify these mappings. 6 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

7 G-Profile G-Profile does not propose neither a specific reconciliation technique able to take into account all the possible user data representations in different applications, nor a standard user profile model. We define some abstract mapping functions, based on the generic concept of mapping between user data among applications. An application is G-Profile-aware if it provides a suitable application programming interface (API) to access both its user profile attributes and a set of mapping functions for these attributes to be used in mapping generation assisted by G- Profile. 7 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

8 Architecture 8 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

9 User Profile Formalization Each application A manages a set of user attributes a A k k {1,, m A } m A is the total number of attributes for the application A for each user u x using the application A, each attribute a A k has a value v k associated, forming the user profile element as a couple (attribute, value) Formally 9 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

10 Mapping example 1/2 A 1 = ebay DirectCopy(A 2 ) = m 2 A 2 A 2 = Amazon A 3 = Windows Live m 2 A 3 = Extract(A 3 )² Shipping_address DirectCopy(A 1,A 2 ) = m 2 A 1,A 2 Address m 1 A 2,A 3 = Extract(A 2,A 3 ) Home_town 10 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

11 Data Mapping Formalization 1/2 Each attribute can, from time to time, be involved as the source or the target attribute in a relation with others. More specifically, since attributes are organized differently in each application A i depending on the adopted user model, they can be permuted in several source sets 11 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

12 Data Mapping Formalization 2/2 In the same way, each attribute of the application A i can be a target attribute belonging to the target set We define a mapping between two applications A i and A j, i j, as the triple Formally a mapping function 12 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

13 Mapping Graph Formalization It is possible to define a mapping graph G as a combination of all the mappings in our environment. G is a directed graph G = (V,E) composed of (i) a set V of nodes, (ii) a set E of directed edges. We define two kinds of node: attribute nodes (n-att) and function nodes (n-fun). V = V n-att V n-fun Formally 13 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

14 Mapping example 2/2 A 4 = Facebook (s A4 1 )First_name (s A4 2 )Middle_name (s A4 3 )Surname A 2 = Amazon Concat(A 4,A 2 ) = m 1 A 4,A 2 (t 1 A2 )Full_name Interests In_my_own_words Events Wish_list (t 1 A2, s 6 A2 )Address Concat(A 2 ) = m 1 A 2 DirectCopy(A 2) = m 2 A 2 DirectCopy(A 1,A 2 ) = m 2 A 1,A 2 Last_name Birthday Biography DirectCopy(A 2,A 4 ) = m 1 A 2,A 1 DirectCopy(A 4,A 3 ) m A 3 = m A 1,A 3 1 = 1 DirectCopy(A 3 ) First_name Wall m 1 A 4 = DirectCopy(A 4 ) Publish(A 2,A 4 ) = m 2 A 2,A 4 Append(A 2,A 1 ) = m 1 A 2,A 1 Birth_date Publish(A 4 ) = m 2 A 4 Publish(A 1,A 4 ) = m 1 A 1,A 4 m 1 A 1 = Append(A 1 ) m A 2,A 3 m A 3 1 = 2 = Extract(A 2,A 3 ) Extract(A 3 ) Home_town A 1 = ebay Feedbacks Wish_list Shipping_addre ss A 3 = Windows Live 14 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

15 Profile change propagation (Eg. 1) User Profile u 1 (A 1 ) USER DATA propagation User Profile u 1 (A 2 ) USER DATA User Profile u 1 ( ) USER DATA User Profile u 1 (A n ) USER DATA Application 1 mapping Application 2 Application n Time t = 0 Modification of user data on A 1 Time t = 1 Propagation of the modification on A 2 Time t = Propagation of the modification on Time t = n-1 Propagation of the modification on A n 15 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

16 Data Propagation 1/ /04/2012 MultiA-Pro

17 Data Propagation 2/ /04/2012 MultiA-Pro

18 Recursive Data Propagation 1/ /04/2012 MultiA-Pro

19 Recursive Data Propagation 2/ /04/2012 MultiA-Pro

20 Recursive Data Propagation 3/ /04/2012 MultiA-Pro

21 Recursive Data Propagation 4/4 Manual mapping creation is a time consuming process There are many «obvious mappings» easily identifiable 21 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

22 Mapping Identification A semantic layer to: Allow every application to manage its own view on user profiles (e.g. different attribute names) Avoid explicit description of relations between attributes Identify related attributes into two user profiles coming from two applications Every application uses the semantic layer to label its own attributes 22 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

23 Mapping Identification Generalized semantic user profile 23 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

24 Mapping Identification Semantic labeling of attributes Customer Factual Data Transactional Data Customer ID Identity BirthDate Gender Semantic Layer Application Side First Name Last Name Product Purchase Preference History 24 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

25 Mapping Identification Mapping identification process Profile #1 Profile #2 Shared Attributes Extraction Shared Attributes Extraction Corresponding Concept Extraction Corresponding Concept Extraction Concept Compatibility Checking Value-type Compatibility Checking 25 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

26 Benefits of Integration Taking into account different User Models Mediation based profile mapping Profile information modification propagation Semantic layer = Shared representation of users Assisted mapping identification 26 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro

27 Perspectives Validate the model on real or artificial data Handle privacy issues and refine the security and privacy issues through the semantic layer Integrate the semantic layer in the prototype Propose the model as a standard protocol 27 16/04/2012 MultiA-Pro