Year 5 PROMPT sheet. Negative numbers 4 7 = -3. l l l l l l l l l Place value in numbers to 1million = 4

Transcription

1 Year PROMPT sheet Place value in numbers to million The position of the digit gives its size Millions Hundred thousands Ten thousands thousands hundreds tens units 7 Negative numbers A number line is very useful for negative numbers. The number line below shows: 7 - l l l l l l l l l The number line below shows: - + l l l l l l l l l Roman Numerals The seven main symbols Example The value of the digit is The value of the digit is The value of the digit is The value of the digit is 000 Round numbers to nearest 0, 00, 000, 0000, Example Round 79 to the nearest o Step Find the round-off digit - o Step Look one digit to the right of - or more? NO leave round off digit unchanged - Replace following digits with zeros ANSWER Example Round 79 to the nearest o Step Find the round-off digit - o Step Look one digit to the right - I V X 0 L 0 C 00 D 00 M 000 Written methods for addition Other useful ones include: IV IX 9 XL 0 XC 90 Line up the digits in the correct columns Start from RIGHT to LEFT e.g H T U 9 + Written methods for subtraction or more? YES add one to round off digit - Replace following digits with zeros Line up the digits in the correct columns Start from RIGHT to LEFT ANSWER e.g. - 7 H T U 7 -

2 Mental methods for addition Multiples & factors Start from LEFT to RIGHT Example think of: + as But in your head say: 7 77 Example think of: + as But in your head say: Mental methods for subtraction Example think of: as 0 But in your head say: Example think of: - as But in your head say: Multi-step problems Based upon Yrs /. Words associated with addition: add sum altogether Words associated with subtraction: total FACTORS are what divides exactly into a number e.g. Factors of are: Factors of are: 9 The common factors of & are:,,,, The Highest Common Factor is: MULTIPLES are the times table answers e.g. Multiples of are: Multiples of are: The Lowest Common Multiple of and is: 0 Prime numbers Prime numbers have only TWO factors The factors of are: Factors of 7 are:,,,,,, 7 is NOT prime 7 IS prime It is composite Prime numbers to Subtract How many more? minus difference The number is NOT prime It has only ONE factor

3 Multiplication using a formal method Division using a formal method By a ONE-DIGIT number By a ONE-DIGIT number e.g. x 7 e.g. x 7 COLUMN METHOD x 7 97 GRID METHOD e.g. 9 )9 By a TWO-DIGIT number e.g. 9 SAME METHOD (Except write down some of your tables down first) ,000 +, ,97 e.g. x e.g. x By a TWO-DIGIT number COLUMN METHOD X 0 ( x ) 0 ( x 0) GRID METHOD e.g. 9 9 ALTERNATE METHOD Divide Multiply Subtract Bring down - Make a new number Divide Place Value x

4 Multiply & divide by 0, 00, 000 Cube numbers By moving the digits To multiply by 0 move the digits ONE place LEFT e.g.. x 0. To multiply or divide by 00 move TWO places To multiply or divide by 000 move THREE places By moving the decimal point To multiply by 0 move the dp ONE place RIGHT The first 0 cube numbers are:,, 7,,,,,, 79, 000 e.g. X 0 0. x 0 To divide by 0 move the dp ONE place LEFT Equivalent fractions These fractions are the same but can be drawn and written in different ways e.g Square & Cube numbers Square numbers (x) (x) Fractions can also be divided to make the fraction look simpler this is called CANCELLING or LOWEST FORM ( ) ( ) The first square numbers are:,, 9,,,, 9,,, 00,,

5 Fractions To compare fractions the denominators must be the same and and SO is bigger than To add and subtract fractions When the denominators are the same + - Do not add the denominators Do not subtract the denominators Mixed & improper fractions An improper fraction is top heavy & can be changed into a mixed number can be shown in a diagram Improper fraction ½ Mixed number ½ A mixed number can be changed back into an improper fraction Multiply fractions ½ ¾ Multiply is the same as repeated addition When the denominators are different + + (x) (x) Multiply to make the denominators the same + x Fraction wall OR x 9

6 Read & write decimals To the nearest whole number The position of the digit gives it its value. e.g. To round. to the nearest whole hundreds tens units tenths hundredths thousandths round off digit this digit is or more. rounded to nearest whole e.g. To round. to the nearest whole round off digit this digit is NOT or more. rounded to nearest whole To one decimal place e.g. To round.7 to decimal place round off digit this digit is or more Order decimals.7 rounded to dp. e.g. To round. to the nearest whole Example To order 0., 0., 0. round off digit this digit is NOT or more Write them under each other Fill gaps with zeros Then order them.7 rounded to dp smallest Order: Round decimals largest Rules for rounding. Find the round off digit. Move one digit to its right. Is this digit or more Yes add one to the round off digit No don t change the round off digit Decimal & Percentage equivalents Learn Fraction Decimal Percentage 0. 0% 0. % 0. 0% % % Some fractions have to be changed to be out of 00 (x) (x) 0. % 00

7 Convert metric measure Length kg is about.pounds A litre of water is a pint and three quarters Mass or weight kilograms (kg) x000 A gallon is about. litres 000 grams (g) Capacity or volume litres (l) x000 millilitres (ml) Area & Perimeter 000 Estimate area The area is the space something takes up Imperial measure inch is about.cm Number of whole squares( ) km. miles or miles km Number of ½ or more ( ) Estimated area squares

8 Area and perimeter of rectangles Volume Volume is measured in cubes The cm cube cm Area L x W cm cm The volume of this cube is cm³ ( cubic centimetre) It holds ml of water Area x 0 0 cm Perimeter ( + 0 ) x cm This cuboid contains cubes So the volume is cm³ Shapes composed of rectangles Put on all missing lengths first For perimeter ADD all lengths around outside For area - split into rectangles & add them together This D shape contains cubes So the volume is cm³ cm cm cm cm cm Units of time Time conversion cm cm x cm cm year x cm days Perimeter cm hours x0 x0 cm min 0 cm A cm cm B cm 0 sec cm Area of shape Area of A + B (x) + (x) + Area cm Time intervals Always go to the next whole hour first Example: 00 to 0min + h min h min

9 D representations of D shapes Angles There are views: Plan view Angles on a straight line add up to 0 0 or right angles ( x 90 0 ) Side elevation Front elevation Angles Types of angles Acute Obtuse (less than 90 0 ) (Between 90 0 & 0 0 ) Angles about a point add up to 0 0 or right angles ( x 90 0 ) Properties of the rectangle A rectangle is a quadrilateral ( sided shape) All angles are 90 0 Remember a square is a special rectangle Reflex (Between 0 0 & 0 0 ) Opposite sides are equal Opposite sides are parallel Measure and draw angles Diagonals are equal Diagonals bisect each other (cut in half) To be sure, count the number of degrees between the two arms of the angle

10 Reflection Data Handling and statistics Reflection in a vertical line Line graphs Find the difference Example : What was the difference in temperature between 00 and 0? Answer:. 0 C 0 0 C. 0 C Reflection in a horizontal line Find the sum of the data Translation right & down Example: What was the total number of days absent over the years? Answer: days 0 In reflection and translation the shapes remain the same size and shape CONGRUENT Days absent In reflection the shape is flipped over 0 Year Year Year Year Year Year In translation the shape stays the same way up

11 Interpret information in tables Distance table Example: Find the distance between Leeds and York Answer: 0miles Hull 00 Leeds 7 Manchester 0 0 Sheffield Times tables and associated facts If we know x 7 we also can know: 7 x York Timetable Example: How long is the film? Answer:.0. h min min.0am 7.00 Cartoons Educational programme 7. News and weather.00 Wildlife programme 9.00 Children's programme.0 Music programme.0pm Sports programme.00 News and weather.0 -.pm Film 70 x 0 0 x x x Table of results of goals scored 0 70 Example: Did boys or girls score the most goals? Answer: Boys: +++ Girls: 7+ Boys scored the most goals 0.7 x. 7 x x etc Always try to spot patterns in maths it makes things a lot easier.