Image-based photorealistic 3D models for virtual museum exhibitions

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Image-based photorealistic 3D models for virtual museum exhibitions"

Transcription

1 Image-based photorealistic 3D models for virtual museum exhibitions Krzysztof WALCZAK *, Miroslaw STAWNIAK *, Martin WHITE **, Peter KELLEHER *** * Department of Information Technology, The Poznan University of Economics, Poland ** Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, United Kingdom *** Victoria and Albert Museum, London, United Kingdom Abstract. A method of building three-dimensional virtual museum exhibitions with image-based models of artefacts is presented. Instead of creating highly complex 3D virtual reconstructions of artefacts, museums can use collections of images to create convincing visualisations of objects in 3D virtual galleries. Based on the images, quasi-3d VRML models of the artefacts are created. When displaying the artefact models, the relative positions and orientations of the model and the observer are used to automatically select the best visualization image. Practical showcase implementations demonstrate that the method is very efficient and provides highquality visual results. 1. Introduction There are a multitude of museums across Europe that hold countless archives of artefacts, which they currently cannot exhibit in a low cost and easy way. There are several reasons for this: many museums do not have the space to exhibit all their archives to the public, many cultural archives are not available to the public because they are too fragile, and the cost of exhibiting these archives is not affordable. Even more difficult is the creation of exhibitions composed of objects taken from different museum collections, because it requires moving the objects between physical locations, which results in high cost of transport and insurance. Such exhibitions are most interesting for the international public. Modern ICT technologies, such as virtual and mixed reality can offer an ideal presentation medium for museums and other cultural heritage institutions. Virtual exhibitions allow museums to easily exhibit vast collections of objects. Various forms of presentation can be designed to target different groups of people. The exhibitions may be interactive, fun and engaging, allowing the public to easily learn about the objects. More importantly, virtual and mixed reality technologies allow remote access to collections and facilitate access by disabled people. Resources available in virtual exhibitions can also be successfully used as supporting materials in education. However, before this vision can be fulfilled, museums need a cost effective way of making complex 3D virtual representations of their archives suitable for presentation to both the public and cultural researchers. The methodology used has to be suitable for existing museum staff with little computer expertise. However, existing techniques are mostly based on visualization of complex 3D graphical models of objects included in virtual scenes. Creation of complex 3D models requires great expertise, which the museums usually do not have, and is a time consuming and expensive process. Limited time and resources spent on the 3D modelling may result in low quality of the created

2 models and therefore non photorealistic presentation of the objects in virtual scenes. Moreover, highly detailed 3D models usually have very high data volume and require advanced graphics hardware to render in real-time. Nowadays most museums routinely photograph objects in their collections. Such highquality photographs can be used by researchers and other interested people to examine objects, especially when the objects are locked in storage. The photographs can be also used for websites, catalogues, publications and promotional materials. However, simple photographs cannot be efficiently used in 3D virtual galleries, except perhaps as hyperlinks to further information. The Victoria and Albert Museum [1], for example, regularly uses photographs and animation sequences to display objects on their museum websites to help stimulate the visitor s experience. The V&A website currently has 6.5 million hits per year and rising, so interesting and animated content is very important. Visualisation of objects in 3D virtual galleries would make visitor experience much more exciting and visually rewarding. In this paper, a method of generating photo-realistic image-based models for visualization of objects in 3D virtual scenes is presented. Instead of a complex 3D model of an object, a set of images showing the object from different angles together with a program implementing the image selection and presentation algorithm are used. Depending on the relative position and orientation of the object and the user viewpoint, the appropriate image is selected from the collection of the available images. The image is selected in such a way that it shows the object in its current orientation from a relative position that is closest to the current viewpoint in the 3D virtual scene. When the viewpoint position, or the object position or orientation changes, another image may be selected automatically. The method can be implemented in pure VRML/X3D and therefore no special software except a standard 3D viewer is required. These 3D visualizations can be created from the same collections of images used currently to produce animations (e.g. QuickTime movies) for the web. This method also has the benefit of allowing previously created content to be reused and incorporated into a 3D visualization. The presented method has been developed within the European Union Fifth Framework Programme IST project ARCO Augmented Representation of Cultural Objects (IST ) [2]. The method has been used in a showcase developed for Victoria and Albert Museum, to build a virtual exhibition of textiles, which are extremely difficult to model using a standard 3D modelling approach. The rest of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses and compares related works. In Section 3, a short overview of the ARCO system is presented. Section 4 provides detailed description of the image-based quasi-3d models together with their implementation in VRML/X3D. In Section 5, creation of image-based models is presented. Examples of virtual galleries employing the image-based models are presented in Sections 6 and 7. Section 7 discusses use of this technique for interactive presentation of animated and complex objects. Finally, Section 8 concludes the paper and indicates future research directions. 2. State of the Art A widely known and widely used technique for creating interactive image based 3D object visualizations is QuickTime VR [3]. QuickTime VR objects are QuickTime movies, which are able to display objects from multiple views. These kind of movies are created from a set of images that can be switched as a viewer moves the mouse across the image. When the mouse is moved, the movie player finds a frame that corresponds to a view of the object from a different direction. When the photographs of the object are selected and ordered carefully, this approach can simulate rotating the object in space. QuickTime VR visualization is used in the V&A Arts & Crafts Exhibition to demonstrate 360 degree rotation of objects [4] and

3 animated objects [5]. QuickTime VR objects, although very usable on 2D web pages, cannot be placed in 3D environments, except as a movie texture. A technique where 3D environments make use of photographs instead of 3D object models is called image-based rendering or immersive imaging. This approach has been studied for quite some time and several solutions have been proposed [6][7][8]. Most of the research in this area is focused on developing methods of synthesising the non-existing views of the object by interpolating and morphing the available reference photographs. The proposed solutions exploit advanced algorithms and therefore require a lot of computing power and in most cases cannot be computed at interactive rates and cannot be easily employed in standards-based 3D Internet applications. The simplest solution for inclusion of images in 3D environments is to use a library of images such as [9][10][11] on flat surfaces located in a 3D space. The surfaces may be designed to rotate in such a way that they always face the current viewpoint. This technique is often used in the visual simulation domain, GIS systems, and architectural design packages. A similar approach has been also used by the Virtueel Museum Ar@besk project [12]. The main disadvantage of this approach is that the objects cannot be seen from different angles. As a result the objects are not perceived as real, especially when the objects are large and close to the user's viewpoint. Therefore, this method is appropriate only for supporting objects but is not sufficient for objects that play an important role in the presentation. One of the most advanced techniques for image-based rendering is Rich Photorealistic Content (RPC) developed by ArchVision [13]. RPC enables rendering objects from collections of still photographs taken at various angles. The system can choose the photograph that most closely corresponds to the current angle between the object and the camera as the QuickTime VR does, and is also able to synthesise the image of the object from the existing photos. ArchVision provides a set of plug-ins for major commercial modelling packages like 3ds max [14] and Maya [15] that allow putting the RPC objects into 3D scenes for rendering. This solution, however, is designed to work only with commercial software. It is also not intended to be used on the web and cannot be used with open standards. Most importantly though, since RPC objects have to be rendered, they cannot be used in real-time interactive applications. 3. The ARCO System The ARCO project has developed a whole chain of technologies to help museums to create, manipulate, manage, and present digitized cultural artefacts in virtual exhibitions accessible both inside and outside museums. The overall architecture of the ARCO system is presented in Figure 1.

4 Content Production Acquisition Content Management Designing Virtual Exhibitions Content Visualization VR / Web Presentation Modeling Database Refinement Designing Interactive Scenarios AR / Web Presentation Figure 1. Overall architecture of the ARCO system The ARCO system consists of three main architectural components: content production, content management, and content visualization [16]. The content production includes all tools and techniques used to create digital representations of museum artefacts. The digital representations are stored in a database and managed with the ARCO Content Management Application ACMA. Each digitised artefact stored in the database is called a cultural object. Each cultural object is represented as a set of media objects and associated metadata. Examples of media objects are images, 3D VRML models, QuickTime VR movies, descriptions, and sounds. In addition to managing the digitised cultural objects, the ACMA tool enables building interactive virtual exhibitions presenting collections of cultural objects retrieved from the database. Using the ACMA Presentation Manager a user can build virtual exhibitions by creating exhibition spaces and assigning cultural objects and visualization templates to the spaces. This approach separates the processes of preparing contents the cultural objects, and the presentation the visualization templates. By using advanced visualization templates, interactive presentation scenarios can be built, e.g. implementing some learning scenarios [17][18]. An example of an exhibition space hierarchy displayed in the Presentation Manager tool is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Example of an exhibition hierarchy displayed in the Presentation Manager

5 The visualization of the virtual exhibitions is performed by the Augmented Reality Interface ARIF. The interface is used in two forms: (1) a standard Web browser equipped with a VRML plug-in is used for visualizing 2D and 3D multimedia contents and (2) a specifically designed AR Application is used for visualizing selected objects in a table-top mixed reality environment by superimposing the virtual objects on live video feeds of real places [19]. The contents displayed in ARIF are generated dynamically based on the database contents the exhibition spaces, the visualization templates and their parameters, and the cultural object models. The use of different visualization templates and template parameterisation enables different visualization of the same content. The virtual exhibitions can be also customized for a particular user or created in response to a user query. The visualization templates are encoded in a high-level XML-based language for creating dynamic VR models and parameterised presentation templates called X-VRML [20][21]. 4. Image-based 3D Models The image-based object representation is implemented as a VRML/X3D model. The model consists of a plane and a set of images. These are pictures of the real object taken from different angles, e.g. 36 images taken every 10 degrees (Figure 3). Figure 3. Subset of images for an object When the model is displayed in a 3D virtual scene, the position of the current viewpoint relatively to the object is calculated. The plane rotates to always face toward the current viewpoint and the correct image is selected for displaying as a texture on the plane (Figure 4). Viewpoint 1 Viewpoint 2 Figure 4. Plane rotating to follow user's viewpoint The plane is implemented in VRML using a Billboard node with a Switch node as a child element. The number of choices in the Switch node is equal to the number of images available. An example fragment of the VRML code defining the rotating plane is presented in Figure 5.

6 Billboard { children [ DEF SW Switch { whichchoice 0 choice [ // repeat for all images: Shape { geometry IndexedFaceSet { coordindex [0, 1, 2, 3, -1] coord Coordinate { point [ , , , ] texcoord TextureCoordinate { point [1 1, 0 1, 0 0, 1 0] appearance Appearance { texture DEF tex1 ImageTexture { url "dress_ gif" (...) ] ] Figure 5. VRML code of the rotating plane The values representing parameters in the code are highlighted in bold. The first set of parameters defines the absolute size of the artefact. In the example presented in Figure 5, the object is 1.8 meter high and 1 meter wide. The second set of parameters represents the URLs of the textures. These may be either static URLs to texture files or dynamic URLs to retrieve data from a database as in the ARCO project. There is also a ProximitySensor node that detects the position of the viewpoint and a Script node that selects the correct image and passes the image index to the Switch node. An example fragment of the VRML code with the ProximitySensor and the Script nodes is presented in Figure 6. DEF PS ProximitySensor { size DEF ConvertTextureT Script { eventin SFVec3f position eventout SFInt32 choice url ["vrmlscript: function position(value) { x = value[0]; y = value[2]; picnum = 36; angle = Math.atan2(x,y); if (angle < 0) angle += 2.0 * Math.PI; choice = Math.round(angle * ((picnum-1)/2.0/math.pi)); "] ROUTE PS.position_changed TO ConvertTextureT.position ROUTE ConvertTextureT.choice TO SW.whichChoice Figure 6. VRML code of the ProximitySensor and the Script nodes Again, the values representing parameters in the code are highlighted in bold. The proximity sensor defines the dimensions of the area where the image-based object model is active. When the user exits the area defined in the ProximitySensor, the object stops switching textures. This value may be used to decrease the CPU load when the object is far enough away. The second parameter is the number of texture images used to represent the object. In order to avoid delays when images are loaded, the VRML model contains an additional section with a non-visible element containing references to all the textures (as DEF/USE). This guarantees that all textures are downloaded at the beginning, with subsequent small startup delay, but with the advantage of no visible delay when switching the textures while a user explores the gallery space. This is useful for kiosk modes in the museum where the gallery can be setup in advance of visitor access.

7 5. Creating Image-based Models A collection of images should be prepared using standard photography techniques. Usually images prepared already for a QuickTime VR visualisation can be reused. Best results can be achieved using a mechanical/computer-controlled turntable. The period dresses (Figure 3) were photographed using such a table. For the dresses collection, 36 images of each object were used the number can be varied through experimentation to see what number gives the optimal photorealistic result for a given type of object and the planned mode of visualization. Such images should be taken against a uniform background preferably white to speed up further image processing and improve the results, as the object will not have reflected colour in any curved areas. Flash heads with large soft boxes should be preferably used to guarantee a soft even light source; however, standard flash on camera will still give usable results. Ideally, a high-resolution digital camera should be used for image capture. The camera needs to have a manual mode so the exposure, colour balance and focus points can be set to give constant results. It is important that the camera is placed on a tripod so the angle of view remains constant. Once the rotation has been completed, additional images may be taken of any parts of the object for animated or interactive visualization (see Section 7). Preparation of the images can be easily and rapidly sequenced using a Photoshop or CorelDraw script to silhouette each image, clip away the uniform background colour, apply transparency and save each image as either transparent GIF or PNG file. Figure 7. Preparing collection of images in Photoshop Further, the images are imported to the ARCO database. An important factor in the design of the ARCO system was the simplicity and intuitiveness of the authoring tools so as to allow museum staff without extensive knowledge in computer science and 3D graphics technologies to create digital object representations and build virtual exhibitions. The process of creating image-based 3D models is fully automatic and supported by a wizard-like tool. The tool guides the user step-by-step through the process of creating the model (Figure 8).

8 Figure 8. Model creation wizard - selecting source images (left) and providing model details (right) After selecting the type of the media object to be created (Quasi3D in this case), the user is asked to select the source collection of images. Typically 36 images are used, but the number may be different. After selecting the images, the user may provide details of the new media object to be created the name, the height in meters and the resolution of the textures in the object. To enable real-time rendering on standard computers with limited amount of texture memory, the user may decide to downscale the image textures to 128, 256 or 512 pixels in width. The height is calculated automatically to preserve the image aspect ratio. When the user provides all necessary details, the importer loads all selected images to the database and automatically generates the VRML file with references to the loaded images and updated with parameter values provided by the user (see Section 3). 6. Examples of Virtual Galleries Two examples of object visualization in 3D virtual galleries are presented in Figure 9. The object models may be freely moved and rotated by a user and they behave as real 3D models. Also, when the user moves around the object the logic embedded in the models appropriately changes the displayed textures to give the impression of three-dimensionality. Transparency used in the texture images allows a user to see through the parts of the planes that do not show the original objects. Implementation based on the Switch node and pre-imported textures guarantees that there is no visible delay in rendering. Figure 9. The resulting object visualizations in 3D virtual galleries rendered by the Cortona player In the gallery presented in Figure 9 on the left, two additional elements are added below the object to allow users to move and rotate the models. In the gallery presented on the right, a user may rotate the objects visualizations by manipulating the whole model (implementation is based on a CylinderSensor node).

9 7. Interactive Object Visualization The presented method can be also successfully used for interactive visualization of objects. When manipulating an object model a user may not only select images that correspond to different observation angles but also images that correspond to different states of the object. This is particularly useful in case of objects that have moving parts or complex objects that need some level of interactivity for presentation. Interactivity can be combined with the 3D presentation, though it requires extending the code presented in Figure 5 and Figure 6. Two examples of virtual galleries using interactive image-based object visualization are shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11. Figure 10. Interactive presentation of an animated object moving bear's hand up and down In the first example, a model of a plush bear is presented. In addition to seeing the object from multiple directions, a user may move the mouse up and down to manipulate the bear's hand. This form of presentation is very convincing. It would be difficult to achieve a similar result using standard 3D models approach. Figure 11. Interactive visualization of a complex object In Figure 11, an example 3D gallery is presented with a model of Henry VIII's chest. The chest is composed of two main parts the base and the cover. Using a similar technique as in the previous example, the user may close and open the chest. This allows users to learn more about the object. 8. Conclusions In this paper, we have presented a method of creating photorealistic 3D object models for use in virtual exhibition spaces. The proposed method of visualising objects has many important advantages, which include: photo-realistic presentation of objects; fast and efficient

10 creation of graphical models of objects through automated tools; standard VRML/X3Dcompliant representation of the models; simple models used for representing complex geometry of the real objects; simple implementation of varying levels of details by using different collections of images or downgrading the images on-line; and interactive presentation of objects in different states. Our method can be used in all kinds of applications that require 3D presentation of complex physical objects in 3D virtual scenes. The list of application areas includes but is not limited to: cultural heritage; education; e-commerce; architectural design; multi-user and collaborative systems; scientific visualization; GIS and electronic guides. In the future, we plan to extend our tools by providing import extensions such as format conversion and ordering of un-sequenced images. Also, the method can be extended to support object rotation over two or three axes providing higher level of freedom in manipulating the objects. Acknowledgments This work has been partially funded by the EU IST Framework 5 Programme under Key Action III Multimedia Content and Tools, Action Line III.1.6 Virtual Representations of Cultural and Scientific Objects and by the Polish Ministry of Scientific Research and Information Technology (grant no 3T11C01428, ). References [1] Victoria and Albert Museum, [2] ARCO Augmented Representation of Cultural Objects, IST , [3] Apple Computer, Inc., QuickTime VR, [4] V&A Arts & Crafts Exhibition, Example of QuickTime dress visualization; vastatic/microsites/1312_artsandcrafts/explore/exhibition_highlights/html/smocked_dressobject.php [5] V&A Arts & Crafts Exhibition, Example of interactive QuickTime visualisation of a wall cupboard; upboardobject.php [6] S. E. Chen, L. Williams, View interpolation for image synthesis, Proc. SIGGRAPH, 1993 [7] L. McMillan, G. Bishop, Plenoptic modeling: an image-based rendering system, Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques, Los Angeles, California, 1995 [8] S. Laveau, O. Faugeras, 3-D scene representation as a collection of images and fundamental matrices, Proceedings of 12th Int. Conf. on Pattern Recognition, 1994 [9] Realworld Imagery, [10] Absolute Textures, [11] ImageFarm, [12] Virtueel Museum Ar@besk, [13] ArchVision, Rich Photorealistic Content - RPC, [14] Autodesk, 3ds max, [15] Maya, Alias, [16] M. Patel, M. White, K. Walczak and P. Sayd, Digitisation to Presentation Building Virtual Museum Exhibitions, Proc. of International Conference on Vision, Video and Graphics, Bath, UK, [17] R. Wojciechowski, K. Walczak and W. Cellary, Mixed Reality for Interactive Learning of Cultural Heritage, First International VR-Learning Seminar, Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Virtual Reality, VRIC - Laval Virtual 2005, April 2005, Laval (France); pp [18] M. Patel, K. Walczak, F. Giorgini and M. White, Cultural Heritage Repositories as Sources for Learning Materials, The 5th International Symposium on Virtual Reality, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage VAST 2004, Brussels (Belgium), December 2004; pp [19] R. Wojciechowski, K. Walczak, M. White and W. Cellary, Building Virtual and Augmented Reality Museum Exhibitions, Proc. of the 9th International Conference on 3D Web Technology (Web3D 2004), Monterey, California, USA, 2004,

11 [20] K. Walczak and W. Cellary, Building Database Applications of Virtual Reality with X-VRML, Proc. of the 7th International Conference on 3D Web Technology (Web3D 2002), Tempe, Arizona, USA, 2002, [21] K. Walczak and W. Cellary, X-VRML for Advanced Virtual Reality Applications, IEEE Computer, Volume 36, Nr 3, March 2003,

Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments

Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments Manjula Patel UKOLN, University of Bath m.patel@ukoln.ac.uk Unless otherwise stated this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike

More information

Virtual Museum Interface Evaluation: the ARCO case

Virtual Museum Interface Evaluation: the ARCO case Virtual Museum Interface Evaluation: the ARCO case Sylaiou S. 1, 2, Karoulis A. 2, White M. 1 1 University of Sussex, U.K. 2 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece sylaiou@photo.topo.auth.gr, athanasis@karoulis.gr,

More information

AMS Metadata for Cultural Exhibitions using Virtual Reality

AMS Metadata for Cultural Exhibitions using Virtual Reality Abstract AMS for Cultural Exhibitions using Virtual Reality Nicholaos Mourkoussis, Martin White Centre for VLSI and Computer Graphics, University of Sussex, UK {N.Mourkoussis, M.White}@sussex.ac.uk Manjula

More information

UKOLN involvement in the ARCO Project. Manjula Patel UKOLN, University of Bath

UKOLN involvement in the ARCO Project. Manjula Patel UKOLN, University of Bath UKOLN involvement in the ARCO Project Manjula Patel UKOLN, University of Bath Overview Work Packages User Requirements Specification ARCO Data Model Types of Requirements Museum User Trials Metadata for

More information

Multimedia Production and Web Authoring

Multimedia Production and Web Authoring Multimedia Production and Web Authoring Chapter 3 : Animations (Source: Book with same name from Radian Publishing Co.) Table of Contents Properties of an Animation...3 Frame Rate...3 Type of Images...3

More information

Image-Based Rendering. Johns Hopkins Department of Computer Science Course : Rendering Techniques, Professor: Jonathan Cohen

Image-Based Rendering. Johns Hopkins Department of Computer Science Course : Rendering Techniques, Professor: Jonathan Cohen Image-Based Rendering Image-Based Rendering What is it? Still a difficult question to answer Uses images (photometric( info) as key component of model representation What s Good about IBR Model acquisition

More information

Digitization of 3D Objects for Virtual Museum

Digitization of 3D Objects for Virtual Museum Digitization of 3D Objects for Virtual Museum Yi-Ping Hung 1, 2 and Chu-Song Chen 2 1 Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Institute of

More information

Advanced High Graphics

Advanced High Graphics VISUAL MEDIA FILE TYPES JPG/JPEG: (Joint photographic expert group) The JPEG is one of the most common raster file formats. It s a format often used by digital cameras as it was designed primarily for

More information

Image-Based Rendering. Johns Hopkins Department of Computer Science Course : Rendering Techniques, Professor: Jonathan Cohen

Image-Based Rendering. Johns Hopkins Department of Computer Science Course : Rendering Techniques, Professor: Jonathan Cohen Image-Based Rendering Image-Based Rendering What is it? Still a difficult question to answer Uses images (photometric( info) as key component of model representation What s Good about IBR Model acquisition

More information

Lecture Week 4. Images

Lecture Week 4. Images Lecture Week 4 Images Images can be used: As a backdrop behind text to create a pictorial framework for the text. As a background for the content. As an icon to represent options that can be selected.

More information

New Media Production week 3

New Media Production week 3 New Media Production week 3 Multimedia ponpong@gmail.com What is Multimedia? Multimedia = Multi + Media Multi = Many, Multiple Media = Distribution tool & information presentation text, graphic, voice,

More information

Image-Based Rendering. Image-Based Rendering

Image-Based Rendering. Image-Based Rendering Image-Based Rendering Image-Based Rendering What is it? Still a difficult question to answer Uses images (photometric info) as key component of model representation 1 What s Good about IBR Model acquisition

More information

Einführung in die Erweiterte Realität - 4. VRML - Gudrun Klinker Nov 11, 2003

Einführung in die Erweiterte Realität - 4. VRML - Gudrun Klinker Nov 11, 2003 Einführung in die Erweiterte Realität - 4. VRML - Gudrun Klinker Nov 11, 2003 Agenda 1. General information on VRML 2. Basic concepts: minimal VRML worlds 3. Combination of several objects 4. Model reusability

More information

VRML FOR URBAN VISUALIZATION

VRML FOR URBAN VISUALIZATION Proceedings of the 1999 Winter Simulation Conference P. A. Farrington, H. B. Nembhard, D. T. Sturrock, and G. W. Evans, eds. VRML FOR URBAN VISUALIZATION Lee A. Belfore, II Department of Electrical and

More information

Topics. Overview of VRML 97 VRML Today After VRML

Topics. Overview of VRML 97 VRML Today After VRML VRML Ruth Aylett Topics Overview of VRML 97 VRML Today After VRML What is VRML? VR modelling language NOT a programming language! Open standard (1997) for Internet sharing of 3D files and Virtual Worlds

More information

Modelling. Ruth Aylett

Modelling. Ruth Aylett Modelling Ruth Aylett Overview Basic issues Modelling packages Low polygon modelling Importing models Buildings Photogrammetry Laser range finders LIDAR The great outdoors Cheap methods 3D Authoring tools

More information

Image-Based Deformation of Objects in Real Scenes

Image-Based Deformation of Objects in Real Scenes Image-Based Deformation of Objects in Real Scenes Han-Vit Chung and In-Kwon Lee Dept. of Computer Science, Yonsei University sharpguy@cs.yonsei.ac.kr, iklee@yonsei.ac.kr Abstract. We present a new method

More information

A Review of Image- based Rendering Techniques Nisha 1, Vijaya Goel 2 1 Department of computer science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

A Review of Image- based Rendering Techniques Nisha 1, Vijaya Goel 2 1 Department of computer science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India A Review of Image- based Rendering Techniques Nisha 1, Vijaya Goel 2 1 Department of computer science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India Keshav Mahavidyalaya, University of Delhi, Delhi, India Abstract

More information

Augmenting Reality with Projected Interactive Displays

Augmenting Reality with Projected Interactive Displays Augmenting Reality with Projected Interactive Displays Claudio Pinhanez IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, P.O. Box 218 Yorktown Heights, N.Y. 10598, USA Abstract. This paper examines a steerable projection

More information

On Design of 3D and Multimedia Extension of Information System Using VRML

On Design of 3D and Multimedia Extension of Information System Using VRML On Design of 3D and Multimedia Extension of Information System Using VRML Jiří Žára Daniel Černohorský Department of Computer Science & Engineering Czech Technical University Karlovo nam 13 121 35 Praha

More information

Real-time Generation and Presentation of View-dependent Binocular Stereo Images Using a Sequence of Omnidirectional Images

Real-time Generation and Presentation of View-dependent Binocular Stereo Images Using a Sequence of Omnidirectional Images Real-time Generation and Presentation of View-dependent Binocular Stereo Images Using a Sequence of Omnidirectional Images Abstract This paper presents a new method to generate and present arbitrarily

More information

Modelling. Ruth Aylett

Modelling. Ruth Aylett Modelling Ruth Aylett Overview Basic issues Modelling packages Low polygon modelling Importing models Buildings Photogrammetry Laser range finders LIDAR The great outdoors Cheap methods 3D Authoring tools

More information

Morphable 3D-Mosaics: a Hybrid Framework for Photorealistic Walkthroughs of Large Natural Environments

Morphable 3D-Mosaics: a Hybrid Framework for Photorealistic Walkthroughs of Large Natural Environments Morphable 3D-Mosaics: a Hybrid Framework for Photorealistic Walkthroughs of Large Natural Environments Nikos Komodakis and Georgios Tziritas Computer Science Department, University of Crete E-mails: {komod,

More information

Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments

Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments Metadata Requirements for Digital Museum Environments MANJULA PATEL (UKOLN, University of Bath, UK) M.Patel@ukoln.ac.uk MARTIN WHITE, NICHOLAOS MOURKOUSSIS (University of Sussex, UK) {M.White, N.Mourkoussis}@sussex.ac.uk

More information

X3D Geospatial Component

X3D Geospatial Component X3D Geospatial Component Mike McCann Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute Web3D Emerging Technology Showcase Virginia Tech Research Center 25 March 2014 X3D Geospatial All the benefits of X3D: Rich

More information

Animation & Rendering

Animation & Rendering 7M836 Animation & Rendering Introduction, color, raster graphics, modeling, transformations Arjan Kok, Kees Huizing, Huub van de Wetering h.v.d.wetering@tue.nl 1 Purpose Understand 3D computer graphics

More information

DRAPED AERIAL PHOTOS AND 3D GIS ON THE INTERNET

DRAPED AERIAL PHOTOS AND 3D GIS ON THE INTERNET DRAPED AERIAL PHOTOS AND 3D GIS ON THE INTERNET Jun Seok Lee *, In-Joon Kang *, Yong-Ku Chang *, Soon-Heon Hong ** * Dept. of Civil Engineering of Pusan National University, Pusan 609735, KOREA jaslee@hyowon.pusan.ac.kr

More information

A novel approach in converting SVG architectural data to X3D worlds

A novel approach in converting SVG architectural data to X3D worlds A novel approach in converting SVG architectural data to X3D worlds K. Kapetanakis 1, P. Spala 2, P. Sympa 3, G. Mamakis 4 and A. G. Malamos 5 1 Department of Applied Informatics and Multimedia, Technological

More information

2.02B Methods and Uses of Animation Develop Computer Animations

2.02B Methods and Uses of Animation Develop Computer Animations 2.02B Methods and Uses of Animation 2.02 Develop Computer Animations Frame-by-Frame Animation Rapidly displaying images, or frames, in a sequence to create the optical illusion of movement. Digital animation

More information

Image Base Rendering: An Introduction

Image Base Rendering: An Introduction Image Base Rendering: An Introduction Cliff Lindsay CS563 Spring 03, WPI 1. Introduction Up to this point, we have focused on showing 3D objects in the form of polygons. This is not the only approach to

More information

Business & Computing Examinations (BCE) LONDON (UK)

Business & Computing Examinations (BCE) LONDON (UK) Business & Computing Examinations (BCE) LONDON (UK) Graphic Design Qualification Analysis & Occupational Outlook The development of BCE qualifications include extensive market research from the following

More information

Overview. A real-time shadow approach for an Augmented Reality application using shadow volumes. Augmented Reality.

Overview. A real-time shadow approach for an Augmented Reality application using shadow volumes. Augmented Reality. Overview A real-time shadow approach for an Augmented Reality application using shadow volumes Introduction of Concepts Standard Stenciled Shadow Volumes Method Proposed Approach in AR Application Experimental

More information

CSc Topics in Computer Graphics 3D Photography

CSc Topics in Computer Graphics 3D Photography CSc 83010 Topics in Computer Graphics 3D Photography Tuesdays 11:45-1:45 1:45 Room 3305 Ioannis Stamos istamos@hunter.cuny.edu Office: 1090F, Hunter North (Entrance at 69 th bw/ / Park and Lexington Avenues)

More information

Image-Based Modeling and Rendering. Image-Based Modeling and Rendering. Final projects IBMR. What we have learnt so far. What IBMR is about

Image-Based Modeling and Rendering. Image-Based Modeling and Rendering. Final projects IBMR. What we have learnt so far. What IBMR is about Image-Based Modeling and Rendering Image-Based Modeling and Rendering MIT EECS 6.837 Frédo Durand and Seth Teller 1 Some slides courtesy of Leonard McMillan, Wojciech Matusik, Byong Mok Oh, Max Chen 2

More information

IMAGE-BASED RENDERING AND ANIMATION

IMAGE-BASED RENDERING AND ANIMATION DH2323 DGI17 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER GRAPHICS AND INTERACTION IMAGE-BASED RENDERING AND ANIMATION Christopher Peters CST, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden chpeters@kth.se http://kth.academia.edu/christopheredwardpeters

More information

Roger Layton The ETHER Initiative 76 th SAMA National Conference 2012 Paarl, Western Cape, South Africa 30 Oct 1 Nov 2012

Roger Layton The ETHER Initiative 76 th SAMA National Conference 2012 Paarl, Western Cape, South Africa 30 Oct 1 Nov 2012 The pursuit of an ETernal HERitage Roger Layton roger.layton@ether.co.za The ETHER Initiative 76 th SAMA National Conference 2012 Paarl, Western Cape, South Africa 30 Oct 1 Nov 2012 Workshop + Educational

More information

Version 11

Version 11 The Big Challenges Networked and Electronic Media European Technology Platform The birth of a new sector www.nem-initiative.org Version 11 1. NEM IN THE WORLD The main objective of the Networked and Electronic

More information

Additional Material (electronic only)

Additional Material (electronic only) Additional Material (electronic only) This additional material contains a presentation of additional capabilities of the system, a discussion of performance and temporal coherence as well as other limitations.

More information

Scene Modeling for a Single View

Scene Modeling for a Single View Scene Modeling for a Single View René MAGRITTE Portrait d'edward James with a lot of slides stolen from Steve Seitz and David Brogan, 15-463: Computational Photography Alexei Efros, CMU, Fall 2005 Classes

More information

Realtime View Adaptation of Video Objects in 3-Dimensional Virtual Environments

Realtime View Adaptation of Video Objects in 3-Dimensional Virtual Environments Contact Details of Presenting Author Edward Cooke (cooke@hhi.de) Tel: +49-30-31002 613 Fax: +49-30-3927200 Summation Abstract o Examination of the representation of time-critical, arbitrary-shaped, video

More information

Shadow Maps and Projective Texturing In X3D

Shadow Maps and Projective Texturing In X3D Shadow Maps and Projective Texturing In X3D michalis.kambi@gmail.com Institute of Computer Science University of Wrocław, Poland Web3D 2010 Outline 1 Motivation and Previous Work Motivation Previous Work

More information

Project report Augmented reality with ARToolKit

Project report Augmented reality with ARToolKit Project report Augmented reality with ARToolKit FMA175 Image Analysis, Project Mathematical Sciences, Lund Institute of Technology Supervisor: Petter Strandmark Fredrik Larsson (dt07fl2@student.lth.se)

More information

Multimedia Technology CHAPTER 4. Video and Animation

Multimedia Technology CHAPTER 4. Video and Animation CHAPTER 4 Video and Animation - Both video and animation give us a sense of motion. They exploit some properties of human eye s ability of viewing pictures. - Motion video is the element of multimedia

More information

Image-Based Rendering and Light Fields

Image-Based Rendering and Light Fields CS194-13: Advanced Computer Graphics Lecture #9 Image-Based Rendering University of California Berkeley Image-Based Rendering and Light Fields Lecture #9: Wednesday, September 30th 2009 Lecturer: Ravi

More information

Digital 3D technologies

Digital 3D technologies Digital 3D technologies A simple introduction Marco Callieri ISTI-CNR callieri@isti.cnr.it Who Am I? Marco Callieri Master Degree & PhD in computer science Researcher at the Visual Computing Lab, ISTI-CNR,

More information

I.

I. MAKAR USER MANUAL Table of Contents I. Sign up and Download---------------------------------02 II. Editor Log-in and Interface Introduction------------03 III. Create Projects-------------------------------------------08

More information

Preparing design to support automation and robotisation in construction

Preparing design to support automation and robotisation in construction Preparing design to support automation and robotisation in construction Yuhua Luo University of Balearic Islands 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain dmilyu0@uib.es ABSTRACT: To support automation and robotisation

More information

Translating your CAD Model to a VRML Model

Translating your CAD Model to a VRML Model Translating your CAD Model to a VRML Model While students' CAD models will be the basis of all visual materials displayed by the 3D Virtual Buildings Project, the models themselves will not be displayed

More information

2.5 Animations. Applications. Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces. Content Process ing. Group Communi cations. Documents.

2.5 Animations. Applications. Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces. Content Process ing. Group Communi cations. Documents. 2.5 Animations Usage Applications Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces Services Content Process ing Security... Documents Synchronization Group Communi cations S ystem s Databases Programming Media-Server

More information

2.5 Animations. Contents. Basics. S ystem s. Services. Usage. Computer Architectures. Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces.

2.5 Animations. Contents. Basics. S ystem s. Services. Usage. Computer Architectures. Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces. 2.5 Animations 2.5 Animations 2.5-1 Basics S ystem s Services Usage Applications Learning & Teaching Design User Interfaces Content Process ing Security... Documents Synchronization Group Communi cations

More information

Synthesizing Realistic Facial Expressions from Photographs

Synthesizing Realistic Facial Expressions from Photographs Synthesizing Realistic Facial Expressions from Photographs 1998 F. Pighin, J Hecker, D. Lischinskiy, R. Szeliskiz and D. H. Salesin University of Washington, The Hebrew University Microsoft Research 1

More information

<Insert Picture Here> JavaFX Overview April 2010

<Insert Picture Here> JavaFX Overview April 2010 JavaFX Overview April 2010 Sébastien Stormacq Sun Microsystems, Northern Europe The following is intended to outline our general product direction. It is intended for information

More information

A New Image Based Ligthing Method: Practical Shadow-Based Light Reconstruction

A New Image Based Ligthing Method: Practical Shadow-Based Light Reconstruction A New Image Based Ligthing Method: Practical Shadow-Based Light Reconstruction Jaemin Lee and Ergun Akleman Visualization Sciences Program Texas A&M University Abstract In this paper we present a practical

More information

3D on the Web Why We Need Declarative 3D Arguments for an W3C Incubator Group

3D on the Web Why We Need Declarative 3D Arguments for an W3C Incubator Group 3D on the Web Why We Need Declarative 3D Arguments for an W3C Incubator Group Philipp Slusallek Johannes Behr Kristian Sons German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Intel Visual Computing

More information

Interactive 3D Geometrical Modelers for Virtual Reality and Design. Mark Green*, Jiandong Liang**, and Chris Shaw*

Interactive 3D Geometrical Modelers for Virtual Reality and Design. Mark Green*, Jiandong Liang**, and Chris Shaw* Interactive 3D Geometrical Modelers for Virtual Reality and Design Mark Green*, Jiandong Liang**, and Chris Shaw* *Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada **Alberta Research

More information

COMPANY PROFILE COMITECH S.A.

COMPANY PROFILE COMITECH S.A. COMPANY PROFILE COMITECH S.A. Science and Technology Park of Epirus, Ioannina University Campus, GR-45110, Ioannina, Greece. Tel: +30 26510 45757, Fax: +30 26510 45577 www.comitech.gr, information@comitech.gr

More information

ASIAGRAPH 2008 The Intermediate View Synthesis System For Soccer Broadcasts

ASIAGRAPH 2008 The Intermediate View Synthesis System For Soccer Broadcasts ASIAGRAPH 2008 The Intermediate View Synthesis System For Soccer Broadcasts Songkran Jarusirisawad, Kunihiko Hayashi, Hideo Saito (Keio Univ.), Naho Inamoto (SGI Japan Ltd.), Tetsuya Kawamoto (Chukyo Television

More information

Graph-based Guidance in Huge Point Clouds

Graph-based Guidance in Huge Point Clouds Graph-based Guidance in Huge Point Clouds Claus SCHEIBLAUER / Michael WIMMER Institute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms, Vienna University of Technology, Austria Abstract: In recent years the use of

More information

Stereoscopic Kiosk for Virtual Museum

Stereoscopic Kiosk for Virtual Museum Stereoscopic Kiosk for Virtual Museum Wan-Yen Lo 1, Yu-Pao Tsai 2,3, Chien-Wei Chen 1, Yi-Ping Hung 1,3,4 1 Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University 2 Department

More information

The Future of Digital Material Appearance

The Future of Digital Material Appearance Digital solutions for measurement, communication and visualization of material surface appearance. The Future of Digital Material Appearance Beyond color is appearance, beyond color measurement is Total

More information

Non-commercial object-base scene description Stephen Gulliver, Gheorghita Ghinea, Kulveer Kaur Brunel University, UK

Non-commercial object-base scene description Stephen Gulliver, Gheorghita Ghinea, Kulveer Kaur Brunel University, UK Non-commercial object-base scene description Stephen Gulliver, Gheorghita Ghinea, Kulveer Kaur Brunel University, UK Introduction This paper investigates the development of a non-commercial object-based

More information

High Dynamic Range Image Texture Mapping based on VRML

High Dynamic Range Image Texture Mapping based on VRML High Dynamic Range Image Texture Mapping based on VRML Sung-Ye Kim and Byoung-Tae Choi 3D Graphics Research Team, Virtual Reality Research and Development Department, Computer Software Research Laboratory,

More information

Computer Graphics Fundamentals. Jon Macey

Computer Graphics Fundamentals. Jon Macey Computer Graphics Fundamentals Jon Macey jmacey@bournemouth.ac.uk http://nccastaff.bournemouth.ac.uk/jmacey/ 1 1 What is CG Fundamentals Looking at how Images (and Animations) are actually produced in

More information

Computer Graphics 1. Chapter 2 (May 19th, 2011, 2-4pm): 3D Modeling. LMU München Medieninformatik Andreas Butz Computergraphik 1 SS2011

Computer Graphics 1. Chapter 2 (May 19th, 2011, 2-4pm): 3D Modeling. LMU München Medieninformatik Andreas Butz Computergraphik 1 SS2011 Computer Graphics 1 Chapter 2 (May 19th, 2011, 2-4pm): 3D Modeling 1 The 3D rendering pipeline (our version for this class) 3D models in model coordinates 3D models in world coordinates 2D Polygons in

More information

1/27/2013. Outline. Adding images to your site. Images and Objects INTRODUCTION TO WEB DEVELOPMENT AND HTML

1/27/2013. Outline. Adding images to your site. Images and Objects INTRODUCTION TO WEB DEVELOPMENT AND HTML Outline INTRODUCTION TO WEB DEVELOPMENT AND HTML Images and Objects: Adding images to your site Adding Objects with Using Images as Links Image Maps Exercise Lecture 05 - Spring 2013 Adding images

More information

Graphics in IT82. Representing Graphical Data. Graphics in IT82. Lectures Overview. Representing Graphical Data. Logical / Physical Representation

Graphics in IT82. Representing Graphical Data. Graphics in IT82. Lectures Overview. Representing Graphical Data. Logical / Physical Representation Graphics in IT82 What does computer graphics cover? Representing Graphical Data Chapman & Chapman, chapters 3,4,5 Richardson IT82 Input, output, and representation of graphical data Creation of graphics

More information

Distributed Multimedia Systems

Distributed Multimedia Systems Distributed Multimedia Systems 8. Multimedia Applications László Böszörményi Distributed Multimedia Systems Multimedia Applications - 1 Application Categorization Market-oriented view Kiosk, educational,

More information

Image based Object/Environment Representation for VR and MAR

Image based Object/Environment Representation for VR and MAR Image based Object/Environment Representation for VR and MAR SC 24 WG 9 Seoul, Korea January, 2019 Changhyun Jun, Gerard J. Kim Korea University Image based Rendering Rely on a set of two-dimensional images

More information

Two interrelated objectives of the ARIADNE project, are the. Training for Innovation: Data and Multimedia Visualization

Two interrelated objectives of the ARIADNE project, are the. Training for Innovation: Data and Multimedia Visualization Training for Innovation: Data and Multimedia Visualization Matteo Dellepiane and Roberto Scopigno CNR-ISTI Two interrelated objectives of the ARIADNE project, are the design of new services (or the integration

More information

Stereo pairs from linear morphing

Stereo pairs from linear morphing Proc. of SPIE Vol. 3295, Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems V, ed. M T Bolas, S S Fisher, J O Merritt (Apr 1998) Copyright SPIE Stereo pairs from linear morphing David F. McAllister Multimedia

More information

Case Study: The Pixar Story. By Connor Molde Comptuer Games & Interactive Media Year 1

Case Study: The Pixar Story. By Connor Molde Comptuer Games & Interactive Media Year 1 Case Study: The Pixar Story By Connor Molde Comptuer Games & Interactive Media Year 1 Contents Section One: Introduction Page 1 Section Two: About Pixar Page 2 Section Three: Drawing Page 3 Section Four:

More information

Natural Viewing 3D Display

Natural Viewing 3D Display We will introduce a new category of Collaboration Projects, which will highlight DoCoMo s joint research activities with universities and other companies. DoCoMo carries out R&D to build up mobile communication,

More information

Volume Rendering. Computer Animation and Visualisation Lecture 9. Taku Komura. Institute for Perception, Action & Behaviour School of Informatics

Volume Rendering. Computer Animation and Visualisation Lecture 9. Taku Komura. Institute for Perception, Action & Behaviour School of Informatics Volume Rendering Computer Animation and Visualisation Lecture 9 Taku Komura Institute for Perception, Action & Behaviour School of Informatics Volume Rendering 1 Volume Data Usually, a data uniformly distributed

More information

Overview. Modelling. 3D Authoring tools. Other VR Software Tools. 3D Modelling Tools. 3D Studio Max. Ruth Aylett

Overview. Modelling. 3D Authoring tools. Other VR Software Tools. 3D Modelling Tools. 3D Studio Max. Ruth Aylett Modelling Ruth Aylett Overview Basic issues Modelling packages Low polygon modelling Importing models City modelling Photogrammetry Laser range finders LIDAR The great outdoors Trees, plants, water etc

More information

Occlusion Detection of Real Objects using Contour Based Stereo Matching

Occlusion Detection of Real Objects using Contour Based Stereo Matching Occlusion Detection of Real Objects using Contour Based Stereo Matching Kenichi Hayashi, Hirokazu Kato, Shogo Nishida Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University,1-3 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka,

More information

move object resize object create a sphere create light source camera left view camera view animation tracks

move object resize object create a sphere create light source camera left view camera view animation tracks Computer Graphics & Animation: CS Day @ SIUC This session explores computer graphics and animation using software that will let you create, display and animate 3D Objects. Basically we will create a 3

More information

Dental measurements using 3D models of plaster imprints

Dental measurements using 3D models of plaster imprints Dental measurements using 3D models of plaster imprints Ioannis Giannoukos 1, Christos-Nikolaos Anagnostopoulos 2, Eleftherios Kayafas 3, Vassili Loumos 4 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering School,

More information

Introduction to X3D. Roberto Ranon HCI Lab University of Udine, Italy

Introduction to X3D. Roberto Ranon HCI Lab University of Udine, Italy Introduction to X3D Roberto Ranon ranon@dimi.uniud.it HCI Lab University of Udine, Italy http://hcilab.uniud.it Outline What is X3D? X3D basics including some new capabilities and details on the (near)

More information

APPROACH FOR MESH OPTIMIZATION AND 3D WEB VISUALIZATION

APPROACH FOR MESH OPTIMIZATION AND 3D WEB VISUALIZATION APPROACH FOR MESH OPTIMIZATION AND 3D WEB VISUALIZATION Pavel I. Hristov 1, Emiliyan G. Petkov 2 1 Pavel I. Hristov Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, St. Cyril and St. Methodius University, Veliko

More information

Information retrieval concepts Search and browsing on unstructured data sources Digital libraries applications

Information retrieval concepts Search and browsing on unstructured data sources Digital libraries applications Digital Libraries Agenda Digital Libraries Information retrieval concepts Search and browsing on unstructured data sources Digital libraries applications What is Library Collection of books, documents,

More information

Computer graphics 2: Graduate seminar in computational aesthetics

Computer graphics 2: Graduate seminar in computational aesthetics Computer graphics 2: Graduate seminar in computational aesthetics Angus Forbes evl.uic.edu/creativecoding/cs526 Computer Graphics 2 instructor angus graeme forbes course syllabus http://evl.uic.edu/creativecoding/cs526

More information

============================================================================

============================================================================ 25 Free 3D modeling softwares Posted by Waldo - 2011/11/08 14:23 I thought this link may come in handy to a few designers out there. 25 Free Modeling Softwares Posted by admin - 2011/11/08 18:51 Blender

More information

Implementation of a panoramic-based walkthrough system

Implementation of a panoramic-based walkthrough system Implementation of a panoramic-based walkthrough system Abstract A key component in most virtual reality systems is the ability to perform a walkthrough of a virtual environment from different viewing positions

More information

TEACHER PAGES USER MANUAL CHAPTER 6 SHARPSCHOOL. For more information, please visit: Chapter 6 Teacher Pages

TEACHER PAGES USER MANUAL CHAPTER 6 SHARPSCHOOL. For more information, please visit:  Chapter 6 Teacher Pages SHARPSCHOOL USER MANUAL CHAPTER 6 TEACHER PAGES For more information, please visit: www.customernet.sharpschool.com 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. INTRODUCTION... 1 I. TEACHER PAGE

More information

The National Digital Library Finna Among Digital Research Infrastructures in Finland

The National Digital Library Finna Among Digital Research Infrastructures in Finland The National Digital Library Finna Among Digital Research Infrastructures in Finland Heli Kautonen Head of Services, The National Library of Finland 2 March, 2013 Seminar: Epics, Digital Cultural Heritage

More information

ICT & Digital Cinema A new start? Roberto Cencioni. DG Information Society and Media. Unit INFSO.E2 - Content & Knowledge

ICT & Digital Cinema A new start? Roberto Cencioni. DG Information Society and Media. Unit INFSO.E2 - Content & Knowledge ICT & Digital Cinema A new start? Roberto Cencioni DG Information Society and Media Unit INFSO.E2 - Content & Knowledge infso-e2@ec.europa.eu A striking contrast rich tradition of stories and art forms

More information

GUIDELINES FOR WEB SITE DESIGN CHAPTER 10

GUIDELINES FOR WEB SITE DESIGN CHAPTER 10 GUIDELINES FOR WEB SITE DESIGN CHAPTER 10 What makes a Web site good? Who defines good? From whose perspective is it good the site visitor or the sponsoring organization? The following questions and tips

More information

Enhanced Still 3D Integral Images Rendering Based on Multiprocessor Ray Tracing System

Enhanced Still 3D Integral Images Rendering Based on Multiprocessor Ray Tracing System Journal of Image and Graphics, Volume 2, No.2, December 2014 Enhanced Still 3D Integral Images Rendering Based on Multiprocessor Ray Tracing System M. G. Eljdid Computer Sciences Department, Faculty of

More information

Introduction. Chapter Computer Graphics

Introduction. Chapter Computer Graphics Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1. Computer Graphics Computer graphics has grown at an astounding rate over the last three decades. In the 1970s, frame-buffers capable of displaying digital images were rare and

More information

Modeling the Virtual World

Modeling the Virtual World Modeling the Virtual World Joaquim Madeira November, 2013 RVA - 2013/2014 1 A VR system architecture Modeling the Virtual World Geometry Physics Haptics VR Toolkits RVA - 2013/2014 2 VR object modeling

More information

A FREE-VIEWPOINT VIDEO SYSTEM FOR VISUALISATION OF SPORT SCENES

A FREE-VIEWPOINT VIDEO SYSTEM FOR VISUALISATION OF SPORT SCENES A FREE-VIEWPOINT VIDEO SYSTEM FOR VISUALISATION OF SPORT SCENES Oliver Grau 1, Adrian Hilton 2, Joe Kilner 2, Gregor Miller 2 Tim Sargeant 1, Jonathan Starck 2 1 BBC Research, UK Oliver.Grau Tim.Sargeant

More information

A Remote Interactive Exhibition Method

A Remote Interactive Exhibition Method Yuqi Li Zhejiang University. China. fenghuoqilin@gmail.com Qingshu Yuan Zhejiang University. China. yuanqs@cs.zju.edu.cn Dongming Lu Zhejiang University. China. ldm@cs.zju.edu.cn Abstract: This paper presents

More information

1. Introduction to Multimedia

1. Introduction to Multimedia Standard:11 1. Introduction to Multimedia Communication is an integral part of our life. We use various means of communication like radio, newspaper, television, theatre, movies, internet and others. These

More information

Grouping Nodes. X3D Graphics for Web Authors. Chapter 3

Grouping Nodes. X3D Graphics for Web Authors. Chapter 3 X3D Graphics for Web Authors Chapter 3 Grouping Nodes A Working Group is a technical committee that researches and proposes solutions to specific technical problems relating to X3D. Web3D Consortium Contents

More information

Interactive Media CTAG Alignments

Interactive Media CTAG Alignments Interactive Media CTAG Alignments This document contains information about eight Career-Technical Articulation Numbers (CTANs) for the Media Arts Career-Technical Assurance Guide (CTAG). The CTANs are:

More information

Image-Based Rendering

Image-Based Rendering Image-Based Rendering COS 526, Fall 2016 Thomas Funkhouser Acknowledgments: Dan Aliaga, Marc Levoy, Szymon Rusinkiewicz What is Image-Based Rendering? Definition 1: the use of photographic imagery to overcome

More information

Advanced Real- Time Cel Shading Techniques in OpenGL Adam Hutchins Sean Kim

Advanced Real- Time Cel Shading Techniques in OpenGL Adam Hutchins Sean Kim Advanced Real- Time Cel Shading Techniques in OpenGL Adam Hutchins Sean Kim Cel shading, also known as toon shading, is a non- photorealistic rending technique that has been used in many animations and

More information

A model to blend renderings

A model to blend renderings A model to blend renderings Vincent Boyer and Dominique Sobczyk L.I.A.S.D.-Universit Paris 8 September 15, 2006 Abstract. We propose a model to blend renderings. It consists in mixing different kind of

More information

Template Graphics Guidelines

Template Graphics Guidelines Contents Page Overview 1 Screensaver Formats 1 Pop-Up Formats 2 Ticker Formats 3 Banner Formats 3 Web Page Formats 4 Edge Transparency Not Supported 5 Graphics Files 5 Bitmap vs Vector 6 Bitmap Pixellation

More information

Automatically Synthesising Virtual Viewpoints by Trinocular Image Interpolation

Automatically Synthesising Virtual Viewpoints by Trinocular Image Interpolation Automatically Synthesising Virtual Viewpoints by Trinocular Image Interpolation Stephen Pollard, Sean Hayes, Maurizio Pilu, Adele Lorusso Digital Media Department HP Laboratories Bristol HPL-98-05 January,

More information