12-3 Surface Areas of Pyramids and Cones
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1 18. MOUNTAINS A conical mountain has a radius of 1.6 kilometers and a height of 0.5 kilometer. What is the lateral area of the mountain? The radius of the conical mountain is 1.6 kilometers and the height is 0.5 kilometers. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the slant height. Find the lateral area L of the conical mountain. Therefore, the lateral area is about 8.4 km 2. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 1
2 19. HISTORY Archaeologists recently discovered a 1500-year-old pyramid in Mexico City. The square pyramid measures 165 yards on each side and once stood 20 yards tall. What was the original lateral area of the pyramid? The pyramid has a square base with sides having lengths of 165 yards and a height of 20 yards. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the slant height. Find the lateral area L of a regular pyramid. Therefore, the lateral area of the pyramid is about 28,013.6 yd The surface area of a square pyramid is 24 square millimeters and the base area is 4 square millimeters. What is the slant height of the pyramid? Let x be the side of the square base. The area of the base is 4, so x is 2. Solve for l. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 2
3 24. The surface area of a cone is 18π square inches and the radius of the base is 3 inches. What is the slant height of the cone? The surface area S of a right circular cone is, where r is the radius of the base and is the slant height. Solve for. Therefore, the slant height of the cone is 3 in. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 3
4 25. The surface area of a triangular pyramid is 532 square centimeters, and the base is 24 centimeters wide with a hypotenuse of 25 centimeters. What is the slant height of the pyramid? The base of the triangular pyramid is a right triangle (since the measure of the hypotenuse is 25 centimeters). Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find a, the length of the third side of the base. Then find the perimeter and area of the base. P = or 56 cm Replace S with 532, P with 56, and B with 84 in the formula for the surface area of a pyramid. Then solve for the slant height. Therefore, the slant height of the pyramid is 16 cm. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 4
5 26. Find the lateral area of the tent to the nearest tenth. The tent is a combination of a cylinder and a cone. The cone has a radius of 5 feet and a height of 6 feet. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the slant height of the cone. The cylinder has a radius of 5 feet and a height of 12 6 or 6 feet. Find the sum of the lateral areas of the cone and cylinder to find the lateral area of the tent. Therefore, the lateral area of the tent is about ft 2. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 5
6 27. Find the surface area of the tank. Write in terms of π. The tank is a combination of a cylinder and a cone. The cylinder has a height of 11 feet and a radius of or 7 feet. The cone has a radius of or 7 feet and a slant height of 9 feet. The surface area of the tank is the sum of the lateral area of a cylinder, the lateral area of the cone, and the area of the one base of the cylinder. Therefore, the surface area of the tank is ft 2. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 6
7 32. PETS A frustum is the part of a solid that remains after the top portion has been cut by a plane parallel to the base. The ferret tent shown is a frustum of a regular pyramid. a. Describe the faces of the solid. b. Find the lateral area and surface area of the frustum formed by the tent. c. Another pet tent is made by cutting the top half off of a pyramid with a height of 12 centimeters, slant height of 20 centimeters and square base with side lengths of 32 centimeters. Find the surface area of the frustum. a. The two bases are squares and the 4 lateral faces are trapezoids. b. Each lateral face is a trapezoid with the bases 6 in. and 17 in. and height 15 in. The area A of a trapezoid with bases b 1, b 2 and the height h is given by the formula The lateral area of the solid is The bases are squares of sides 6 in. and 17 in. respectively. Therefore, the surface area is c. When the top half of a pyramid with a height of 12 cm, slant height of 20 cm and square base with side lengths of 32 cm is cut, the height of the frustum will be 6 cm, the slant height 10 cm and the length of each side of the upper base will be 16 cm. The total surface area of the frustum will be esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 7
8 Find the surface area of each composite solid. Round to the nearest tenth. 33. We need to determine the slant height l. Use trigonometry. Use the exact value of l to find the lateral area. Find the surface area. esolutions Manual - Powered by Cognero Page 8
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