Elevation Model Viewing service
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1 1(9) Date: Document version: Service's interface version : Product description: Elevation Model Viewing service
2 LANTMÄTERIET (9) List of contents 1 General description Contents Year collected Origin and quality Slope and Hillshading Geographic coverage Reference system Quality description Currency Positional accuracy Appearance and marking of data Information for printing List of changes... 9
3 LANTMÄTERIET (9) 1 General description The Elevation Model Viewing Service is one of Lantmäteriet s viewing services for maps and images. The service displays raster images of Sweden which visualise the form of the terrain in two different ways; slope and hillshading. The service also contains a metadata layer of information on origin and quality. The service fulfills the requirements from the European INSPIRE Directive. 1.1 Contents The Elevation Viewing Service presents the information in four separate layers: Year collected (Insamlingsår) Origin and quality (Ursprung och kvalitet) Slope (Terränglutning) Hillshading (Terrängskuggning) Year collected In the Year collected layer, elevation data collection areas are presented by the year in which the information was collected, colour-coded as per the image below. Example image Year collected, scale 1:1,100, Origin and quality In the Origin and quality layer, information on time, origin and method for collecting elevation data are presented as a text string for each defined area. In the scale range 1:2,000,000 to 1:480,000, the year of data collection and the area boundaries are presented. In the scale range 1:480,000 to 1:1, information regarding the date, original organisation and method of data collection is also presented. One example is LM-LS, where LM stands for Lantmäteriet and LS for laser scanning.
4 LANTMÄTERIET (9) Example image Origin and quality, scale 1:480, Slope and Hillshading The service contains two layers which visualise the form of the terrain in two different ways; slope and shading. The Slope layer reveals the calculated gradient in greyscale for each pixel. In the Hillshading layer, a raster image is presented in greyscale, produced by means of exposing an elevation model to a simulated light source. The layer has been produced from a terrain model in the form of a 1-metre resolution grid which has been created from laser points classified as ground. Calculation of the terrain model is achieved through linear interpolation in a TIN (Triangulated Irregular Network). osv. Rad 1 osv. Rad 2 xllcenter yllcenter Laser-scanned points Grid 1m Slope and Hillshading images Slope In the Slope layer, a raster image is presented in greyscale, where each pixel has been shaded in accordance with its calculated gradient value. The pixel values used in slope images normally come from the gradient value of each pixel calculated in degrees or per cent. It is important that the gradient is calculated using a method which retains details but which at the same time does not create too much noise in the image. In a slope image, it can be difficult to differentiate between elevations and depressions. As low gradient values are more common than high ones, the image is stretch in order to produce a higher level of contrast. The slope image in the Elevation Model Viewing Service has been stretched in accordance with the table below:
5 LANTMÄTERIET (9) Non-linear colour table for stretching images Greys cale Gradient in degrees Gradient in degrees Grey value In accordance with the table, pixels with no gradient (0 degrees) are allocated a grey value of 255, which corresponds to white. Pixels with a gradient of 5 degrees are allocated a grey value of 215, which is light-grey. This continues all the way to pixels with a 90-degree gradient, which receive a grey value of 0; black.
6 LANTMÄTERIET (9) Example image Slope, scale 1:150,000 Example image Slope, scale 1:5,000 Hillshading In the Hillshading layer, a raster image is presented in greyscale, produced by means of exposing a terrain model to a simulated light source. The appearance of the hillshading image is affected by a number of parameters which are set for the simulation. The parameters are azimuth, z factor and elevation (angle of sunlight). The azimuth is in degrees and determines from which point of the compass the light shall be cast on the terrain model. The z factor specifies how much the elevation values are to be exaggerated before the shading is produced and the elevation (angle of sunlight) specifies the angle between the horizon and the light source. The shading image in the Elevation Model Viewing Service is produced with parameter values in accordance with the below table: Azimuth NW (North-West) Z factor 2 Elevation (angle of sunlight) 45 degrees As shading images are affected by the angle from which the light is cast, elements such as shallow ditches may be more or less visible depending on their orientation. Hillshading is therefore better suited for visualisation than for analyses.
7 LANTMÄTERIET (9) Example image Hillshading, scale 1:150,000 Example image Hillshading, scale 1:5, Geographic coverage The Elevation Model Viewing Service covers all of Sweden, but as the nationwide elevation model is not yet finalised, the information in the service is incomplete. The model is available in this incomplete state and the information will be supplemented post-release. The progress of the elevation model is presented on Lantmäteriet s website. See under Elevation Data (Höjddata). 1.3 Reference system In plane: SWEREF 99 TM or one of the 12 local SWEREF 99 projection zones WGS84 ETRS89/LAEA Europe or LCC Europe ETRS89/TM32 or TM33, TM34, TM35 In height: RH2000 For information on RH 2000, refer to Infoblad 16, available from (Swedish only).
8 LANTMÄTERIET (9) 2 Quality description The information presented in the Elevation Model Viewing Service is produced using a terrain model as a basis and the terrain model in turn is based on elevation data from laser scanning of the ground. A good terrain model requires a good representation of ground points. In order to achieve the best ground representation, scanning needs to be done when as many laser pulses as possible have a chance of reaching the ground. The most suitable time for scanning is in the early spring before leafing or in the late autumn before the snow. The quality will however vary from one area to the next, depending on a number of different factors. These can be variation in terrain and vegetation and the time of scanning. In the visualised image of the terrain, it is possible to identify areas with a lower point density. In those areas the image will not contain information with the same sharpness of detail as other areas. For additional information on quality, refer to the product information for GSD- Elevation data, Grid 2+ on Currency The currency of the content in the raster images can be determined from the metadata layer in the service, where the time of collection and the origin are presented. The construction of a new national elevation model has been underway since The laser point cloud created during the laser scanning process captures a moment in time and will not be updated. There is no determined plan or level of ambition as yet with regard to updating the terrain model which is the basis of the raster images in the service. See also Information on the production of the new elevation data can be found under Elevation Data (Höjddata). 2.2 Positional accuracy Positional accuracy depends on the method of measurement used when collecting data. Positional accuracy can be said to describe how well a position corresponds to the actual position in the terrain for the object whose position has been determined. Positional accuracy is given in RMSE (Root Mean Square Error). In the Elevation Model Viewing Service RMSE in plane is an average of 0.3 m, where the point density is high and on flat well-defined surfaces. However, when using the elevation model it is important to always be aware of the fact that there may be large local variations.
9 LANTMÄTERIET (9) 3 Appearance and marking of data The information in the Year collected, Slope and Hillshading layers is shown in all scales. In the Origin and quality layer, a limit has been set on the marking of text. There, only the year is displayed for the scale range 1:2,000,000 to 1:480,000, and a more detailed text is presented for the scale range 1:480,000 to 1: Information for printing The maximum image size in the service is 4096*4096 pixels in order to facilitate the printing of map images in a larger paper format and/or in higher resolution. Users of the system are urged to only extract the largest image size as needed in connection with printing, in order to avoid performance issues. 4 List of changes The table specifies which version of the product description the change was made to. The date specified represents the day from which the change applies. Version Date Reason and change from previous version Synchronized with Swedish version Never published version
GSD-Elevation data, grid 50+ nh
1(5) Date: Document version: 2016-12-01 1.1 Product description: GSD-Elevation data, grid 50+ nh LANTMÄTERIET 2016-12-01 2 (5) Table of contents 1 General description... 3 1.1 Contents... 3 1.2 Geographic
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Date: Document version: 2016-12-01 2.3 Product description: GSD-Elevation data, Grid 2+ LANTMÄTERIET 2016-12-01 2 (12) List of contents 1 General description... 3 1.1 Contents... 3 1.2 Geographic coverage...
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