30 th Anniversary Event. New features in Opera By Nigel Atkinson, PhD. OPTIMIZER Automatically selects and manages multiple goalseeking

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FEA ANALYSIS General-purpose multiphysics

to leading CAD packages SERVICE Technical

1 FEA ANALYSIS General-purpose multiphysics design and analysis software for a wide range of applications OPTIMIZER Automatically selects and manages multiple goalseeking algorithms INTEROPERABILITY Built-in circuit modelling and interfaces to leading CAD packages SERVICE Technical support, training and consultancy services available for software usage and applications 30 th Anniversary Event New features in Opera By Nigel Atkinson, PhD

2 Focus for New releases What do users want? Capability Ease-of-use Speed Robustness

3 Opera V17 headlines New Multi-Language User Interface Parallel extension Multiphysics extension 2D slice for Machines Interops

4 New Interface 3d Tabs Button Stacks Groups Display Buttons

5 New Interface 2d Tabs Button Stacks Groups Display Buttons

The full set of toolbuttons can be seen by selecting the down arrow. Display Buttons are always available at the bottom of the window.

6 Interface components Tabs are the main subdivision of the commands. Only one Page can be visible at a time. Groups contain similar commands. Button Stacks contain similar commands or different options of the same command. The toolbutton for the most recently used option is shown. The full set of toolbuttons can be seen by selecting the down arrow. Display Buttons are always available at the bottom of the window. The visibility of the Console can be toggled from menu which can be displayed using right-click on the current Page name at the left-hand end of the tab bar.

7 Instant Access Right-click a button to display context menu Instant Access pins the button to the left/right/bottom of the screen

8 Instant Access Right-click a button to display context menu Instant Access pins the button to the left/right/bottom of the screen Instant Access independent of active Tab

9 Multi-Language The V17 interface is now multi-language capable. Tool-tips Buttons Initial translations: French Chinese Japanese Dialogs and Documents to follow

10 Tab in Chinese

11 Mouse-click Comparison One cycle everyone navigates.. Create Model Body Mesh. Delete. V16 V17

Multiphysics design simulations Opera-3d now

chained Results from any previous simulation in

other physics simulations User sets up the

to the physics appropriate for the application

the same multiphysics simulation from each

12 Multiphysics design simulations Opera-3d now has tools to easily allow simulations to be chained Results from any previous simulation in the chain become automatically available to other physics simulations User sets up the scenarios No limit to the complexity No limit to the physics appropriate for the application Electromagnetics Multiple case simulations run the same multiphysics simulation from each chain Multiple currents and voltages Multiple frequencies Stress Thermal

13 Build physics chains simply

14 Deformation of coils A major challenge in these developments was to modify the current density values in coils due to their deformation Multi-turn coil before deformation is specified with uniform current density and equal sized elements that conform to the conductor shape Deformed element shapes need to ensure A visible effect of this can be demonstrated on a simple example Pair of solenoids separated by 4 mechanical supports (non-magnetic material) Static electromagnetic => Stress => Static electromagnetic with deformed mesh and coils Modified field due to change in coil shapes

15 Simple deformed coil example

16 Parallelisation Parallelising Opera-3d is an ongoing process Finite Element Analysis has many points where the process can be parallelised Some points will give greater benefit than others We are concentrating on pinchpoints with large potential gains Pre- Processing Solution Geometry Properties Mesh Write Analysis data Process input data Calculate fields from conductors Fill Matrix Solve Matrix Calculate output Prepare results files Post- Processing Calculate Derived Quantities Graphs, Vectors & Contours Reporting

Parallelisation of solution The Opera-3d solution process has many predictable stages Some are suited to parallelisation, others simply are not We will continue to parallelise the next bottleneck

17 Parallelisation of solution The Opera-3d solution process has many predictable stages Some are suited to parallelisation, others simply are not We will continue to parallelise the next bottleneck over coming releases DATABASE READ Serial COIL FIELD CALCULATIONS Parallelised in V16 MATRIX FILL Parallelised in V16R1 MATRIX SOLVE Parallelised Vector-Vector & Matrix-Vector Multiplication in V16 Opera database POST EXAMPLE - PARTICLE TRACKING Parallelised in V17 POST PROCESSING - FIELD AVERAGING Parallelised in V17 RESULTS OUTPUT Serial

18 Parallel Performance general Speed-up for 4 threads parallel vs serial in 16/r1/17

Parallelisation in Space Charge module In addition the to Parallel Solver Technology already implemented in coil field calculations, matrix build and matrix solution, the Space Charge

19 Parallelisation in Space Charge module In addition the to Parallel Solver Technology already implemented in coil field calculations, matrix build and matrix solution, the Space Charge module (SCALA) can now use multiple threads in: tabulating the voltage-current relationship of Langmuir-Fry emitters primary particle tracking secondary particle tracking Bohm energy integration

20 Parallel Performance Space Charge Tracking speed-up Electron Gun Magnetron Two example models to demonstrate extremes of performance Electron Gun coarse model which has small number of tracks of both primaries and secondaries Magnetron Detailed magnetron sputter coater with only secondaries and a high number of tracks

21 Parallel Performance Space Charge Particle Tracking is only part of the solution Overall speed-up will be less S Total Time speed-up P P P P comms P P P P comms Electron Gun Magnetron P P P P S

22 Opera Manager Opera Manager options Maximum threads per job Solver Parallelization Shared-Memory Implementation Licensed feature

23 Multi-Core Parallel Licensing Multi-Core Parallel is a licensed feature Sold as Opera-3d Multi-Core Parallel pack Licensed in usual way locked or floating One Pack enables all (applicable) licensed solver types to run up to 4-way parallel Number of threads to use for each job is set in the Batch Processor Options Recorded when job submitted Will revert to single-thread if parallel license not available

24 Multi-Core Multi-Pack Parallel One Multi-Core Pack enables up to 4-way parallel on an individual job Each simulation reserves one solver licence and at least one Multi-core Pack By use of the Maximum threads per job multiple Multi-Core Packs can be spread over a number of active jobs as required Multiple packs applied to a single job enable 2 2n threads: Packs Threads

25 Pack versatility Example: 5 Opera-3d Space Charge (SCALA) licenses and 5 Multi-Core Packs Concurrently run either: 5 x SCALA up to 4-way parallel 3 x SCALA up to 4-way parallel plus 1 x 16-way parallel 2 x SCALA up to 16-way parallel plus 1 x 4-way parallel 1 x SCALA up to 64-way parallel plus 1 x 16-way parallel 1 x SCALA up to 64-way parallel plus 2 x 4-way parallel 1 x SCALA up to 256-way parallel plus 1 x 4-way parallel 1 x SCALA up to 1024-way parallel..

26 Parallel-Capable Static/LF Other EM Other Physics Static High Frequency Thermal Low Frequency Electromechanical Structural DEMAG Space charge Quench

27 Heat Transfer Coefficients in Machines A new facility has been added to the Opera- 2d/Pre and Post-Processor and the Opera- 3d/Modeller to calculate values of the heat transfer coefficient for the cylindrical surfaces of rotating machine rotors with natural cooling and forced cooling. Other scenarios will be added in future releases. The formulae used for the calculation have been collated from theory and experiment over different regimes of dimensions, rotation speeds and coolant properties. While there is no promise of accuracy, the coefficients given provide good initial estimates and avoid the need for computational fluid dynamics before thermal analysis can proceed.

28 HTC Calculation - estimate HTC for a cylindrical surface of a machine rotor, rotating in a larger cylindrical space. Two scenarios have been provided: Natural and Forced Cooling Both scenarios use: the radii of the rotating cylinder and air-gap-outer the rotation speed the properties of the coolant: its thermal conductivity, dynamic viscosity and mass density In addition, the Forced Cooling scenario uses: the mass flow rate the inlet pressure the inlet and outlet temperatures Further properties of the coolant: specific heat capacity and specific gas constant

29 Outcome of HTC Calculation On the Thermal Boundary Condition form choose calculate for rotating machine. Enter the requested data Click on OK

Outcome of HTC Calculation In Opera-3d/Modeller, the result of the calculation becomes the default value for the HEATTRANSFER parameter of the

30 Outcome of HTC Calculation In Opera-3d/Modeller, the result of the calculation becomes the default value for the HEATTRANSFER parameter of the BOUNDARY command in Opera-2d/PP, it is saved as a user variable (#HTCOEF) which can be used in the FACEBOUND sub-command of the EXTRA command.

Bulk Conductors in Circuits A new component type has been added

31 Bulk Conductors in Circuits A new component type has been added to circuits in Opera-3d. A bulk eddy current conductor is modelled as a volume of conducting material with one or two boundary condition surfaces which act as its terminals. The option of one boundary allows a complete loop to be defined as a bulk eddy current conductor with the input and output surfaces on the same surface.

Bulk Conductors in Circuits In the Set Boundary Condition Data dialog, the definition of a Terminal of Bulk Conductor includes the name of the conductor.

32 Bulk Conductors in Circuits In the Set Boundary Condition Data dialog, the definition of a Terminal of Bulk Conductor includes the name of the conductor. Once defined in this way, the bulk conductor can be included in a circuit using the Circuit Editor. In addition, the circuit editor can supply symmetry information: the factors by which the length and the cross-sectional area of the conductors are reduced by the symmetry of the finite element model. Polarizations can be: POSITIVE NEGATIVE BOTH Current flows from a POSITIVE terminal to a NEGATIVE terminal. The option of BOTH indicates that the positive and negative terminals are on the same faces. The terminals are constant voltage surfaces therefore current flow is normal to faces.

33 Machines Environment 3D 2D slice option for solving Machines problems using Opera-3d quickly!

34 3D Model generated A full 3D model is generated (with stretched conductors) but the BACKGROUND command, run automatically as part of the script, takes a 2D slice and applies appropriate boundary conditions

based on maximum radial dimension Solves in 41 minutes

35 2d slice model 3d model 1,135,387 elements 2d slice model 7,630 elements Slice thickness / coil length based on maximum radial dimension Solves in 41 minutes 15s elapsed (2 threads) Solves in 2 minutes 7s elapsed (2 threads)

36 Comparison of 2D and 3D results

37 Reflate to 3D for end-effects

3D Machines Analysis Options Static torque v angle Multiple current levels Dynamic analysis At fixed speed for iron loss calculations Against mechanical load Mechanical analysis Eigenvalue Rotor

38 3D Machines Analysis Options Static torque v angle Multiple current levels Dynamic analysis At fixed speed for iron loss calculations Against mechanical load Mechanical analysis Eigenvalue Rotor stresses due centrifugal load Mechanical effects on electromagnetic performance Iterative multiphysics electromagnetic and stress until convergence Manufacturing tolerance (UMP, whirling or axial displacement of rotor) D, Q and cross-coupling inductances System level machine model as look up tables

39 Time-varying functional material properties In Opera-2d transient analyses, expressions for material properties specified using the REGION sub-command of EXTRA can now include the transient time (TTIME). Analyses which use this facility must be run nonlinear so that the material properties are reevaluated at every time-step. Applicable in: Opera-2d TR, DM, LM & RM

40 CAD interops Format Read Write Licensed IGES Modeller SAT Y Y Modeller STEP Y Y Optional Parasolid Y Y Optional CATIA Y Y Optional Pro-Engineer Creo Y Optional Solidworks Y Optional NX Y Optional

41 Focus for New releases What do users want? Capability Ease-of-use Speed Robustness

42 Thank You Thank you

30 th Anniversary Event. New features in Opera By: Kevin Ward. OPTIMIZER Automatically selects and manages multiple goalseeking

30 th Anniversary Event. New features in Opera By: Kevin Ward. OPTIMIZER Automatically selects and manages multiple goalseeking FEA ANALYSIS General-purpose multiphysics design and analysis software for a wide range of applications OPTIMIZER Automatically selects and manages multiple goalseeking algorithms INTEROPERABILITY Built-in