Physics 228 Today: Diffraction, diffraction grating

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Physics 228 Today: Diffraction, diffraction grating"

Transcription

1 Physics 228 Today: Diffraction, diffraction grating Website: Sakai 01:750:228 or Diffraction is a further expansion of the idea of interference. We expand from two sources to a large number of sources. Here is an example from around home: CDs have grooves every 1.6 μm, or about grooves around the disk. When light strikes the disk, each groove acts as a source, generating an interference pattern. A diffraction grating has similar effects.

2 Are Shadows Infinitely Sharp? IClicker Can shadows be infinitely sharp? a) Always! b) Yes - for a point source and sharp edge! c) Yes - for an edge. But not for a slit. d) Never - the world just doesn t work that way. e) No - aren t we studying diffraction today?

3 Are Shadows Infinitely Sharp? No. Many examples: PhET demo, real physical in-class demo With a thin slit, you can see the light expand to both sides and form light and dark bands.

4 Why Does Light Expand Past the Edges You Expect from Geometrical Optics? Huygen s Principle Introduced back in chapter 33, but we did not cover it then. Each point on the wave front can be viewed as a source for spherical waves propagating out from that point. The wave front is the envelope of all the secondary waves. The sum of all these wavefronts will bend around corners, as compared to straight geometrical optics.

5 Why Does Light Expand Past the Edges You Expect from Geometrical Optics? Huygen s Principle Introduced back in chapter 33, but we did not cover it then. Each point on the wave front can be viewed as a source for spherical waves propagating out from that point. The wave front is the envelope of all the secondary waves. Diffraction = interference with many sources, not just a couple The sum of all these wavefronts will bend around corners, as compared to straight geometrical optics.

6 Near-field vs far-field There are two situations we can consider, one where the image is close to the slit, the other where the image is far from the slit. We will stick to the 2nd, simpler, Fraunhofer, case. Here we are far enough away that the rays that come to a point in the image can be treated as going out essentially parallel from the source, the slit.

7 Destructive interference An example of a simple case: divide the slit into two halves. Require the top point of each to interfere destructively. Require the middle point of each to interfere destructively. Etc., etc. The destructive interference is when the path length difference is λ/2. Condition for this destructive interference: λ/2 = (a/2) sinθ λ = a sinθ

8 Where the Minima Are How do we get all the minima and maxima? Divide the slit into 2m sections. Require section i to interfere destructively with section i+1. The condition for destructive interference now is: λ/2 = (a/2m) sinθ λ = (a/m) sinθ sinθ = mλ/a The height of a dark band a distance x away is y = xtanθ mxλ/a

9 Even More Minima? Isn t there a second set of minima, with 3λ/2, 5λ2,... path length differences for the slit in 2 a/2-wide halves? IClicker 2 a) No! You only get interference for path length differences of λ/2. b) Yes - there are minima not included in the formula sinθ = mλ/a. c) No - those minima are already included in the formula. d) No - each way you divide the slit only leads to one set of minima. You can do it one way or the other but not both. e) Yes - but the maxima are not so bright, so you do not really see them.

10 Standard Numerical Problem sinθ = mλ/a or y = mrλ/a Give you 4 variables, ask for the 5 th. A diffraction pattern with 500 nm light has bright bands separated by 1 mm a distance 5 m from the slit. What is the width of the slit? a = Rλ/Δy = (5)(500e-9)/(1e-3) = 25 μm.

11 Intensity There is a very bright central peak surrounded by much dimmer side peaks. Why is this?

12 One slit vs two slit Today: one slit, width a, has minima at: sinθ = mλ/a m = ±1, ±2,... Maxima at m=0 and m half-integral. Last Monday: two slits, separation d, have maxima at: sinθ = mλ/d m = 0, ±1, ±2,... Minima at m half-integral. Two slits are actually composed of two single slits with separation greater than their width. The intensity patterns of the two will combine / convolute for the total intensity pattern. Since d > a, the maxima and minima of the two-slit pattern will vary more quickly with angle than the pattern from the width of the slits. We will return to the intensity Thursday.

13 Diffraction grating In a diffraction grating, we go from 2 slits to many slits. Diffraction gratings are usually labelled by the number of slits per unit length. It does not matter whether there are multiple slits with light from the left, or multiple grooves with light from the right. The path length difference between adjacent slits is: dsinθ There will be constructive interference between ALL slits when there is constructive interference between adjacent slits: mλ = dsinθ so sinθ = mλ/d This is the same algebra as for two-slit interference. With the larger number of slits, the pattern gets sharper. Let's see a demo.

14 Reflection grating Diffraction gratings allow you to nicely separate the colors of the incoming light.

15 Diffraction Grating I am going to change to a diffraction grating with more lines per inch. What happens to the diffraction pattern? IClicker 3 a) The spots move out. b) The spots move in. c) The spots stay in the same place, but get brighter. d) The spots stay in the same place, but get dimmer. e) This iclicker is too easy. Now: what happens when I go to a different wavelength laser?

Today: Interferometry, Diffraction

Today: Interferometry, Diffraction Physics 228 Please check list of students w/o registered iclicker! Today: Interferometry, Diffraction Diffraction is a further expansion of the idea of interference: Instead of two sources we consider

More information

Lecture 39. Chapter 37 Diffraction

Lecture 39. Chapter 37 Diffraction Lecture 39 Chapter 37 Diffraction Interference Review Combining waves from small number of coherent sources double-slit experiment with slit width much smaller than wavelength of the light Diffraction

More information

Physics 272 Lecture 27 Interference (Ch ) Diffraction (Ch )

Physics 272 Lecture 27 Interference (Ch ) Diffraction (Ch ) Physics 272 Lecture 27 Interference (Ch 35.4-5) Diffraction (Ch 36.1-3) Thin Film Interference 1 2 n 0 =1 (air) t n 1 (thin film) n 2 Get two waves by reflection off of two different interfaces. Ray 2

More information

Chapter 38 Wave Optics (II)

Chapter 38 Wave Optics (II) Chapter 38 Wave Optics (II) Initiation: Young s ideas on light were daring and imaginative, but he did not provide rigorous mathematical theory and, more importantly, he is arrogant. Progress: Fresnel,

More information

PY212 Lecture 25. Prof. Tulika Bose 12/3/09. Interference and Diffraction. Fun Link: Diffraction with Ace Ventura

PY212 Lecture 25. Prof. Tulika Bose 12/3/09. Interference and Diffraction. Fun Link: Diffraction with Ace Ventura PY212 Lecture 25 Interference and Diffraction Prof. Tulika Bose 12/3/09 Fun Link: Diffraction with Ace Ventura Summary from last time The wave theory of light is strengthened by the interference and diffraction

More information

Interference. Electric fields from two different sources at a single location add together. The same is true for magnetic fields at a single location.

Interference. Electric fields from two different sources at a single location add together. The same is true for magnetic fields at a single location. Interference Electric fields from two different sources at a single location add together. The same is true for magnetic fields at a single location. Thus, interacting electromagnetic waves also add together.

More information

College Physics B - PHY2054C

College Physics B - PHY2054C Young College - PHY2054C Wave Optics: 10/29/2014 My Office Hours: Tuesday 10:00 AM - Noon 206 Keen Building Outline Young 1 2 3 Young 4 5 Assume a thin soap film rests on a flat glass surface. Young Young

More information

Interference & Diffraction

Interference & Diffraction Electromagnetism & Light Interference & Diffraction https://youtu.be/iuv6hy6zsd0?t=2m17s Your opinion is very important to us. What study material would you recommend for future classes of Phys140/141?

More information

Class 34. Diffraction Grating. Adding sources. Adding sources. Adding sources, II. Adding sources, II. Adding slits

Class 34. Diffraction Grating. Adding sources. Adding sources. Adding sources, II. Adding sources, II. Adding slits Class Adding sources Diffraction Grating What happens to the interference pattern when we add more sources? Let's start by switching from two sources d apart to three sources d apart. Do we still get maxima

More information

Interference of Light

Interference of Light Interference of Light Review: Principle of Superposition When two or more waves interact they interfere. Wave interference is governed by the principle of superposition. The superposition principle says

More information

Dr. Quantum. General Physics 2 Light as a Wave 1

Dr. Quantum. General Physics 2 Light as a Wave 1 Dr. Quantum General Physics 2 Light as a Wave 1 The Nature of Light When studying geometric optics, we used a ray model to describe the behavior of light. A wave model of light is necessary to describe

More information

Electricity & Optics

Electricity & Optics Physics 24100 Electricity & Optics Lecture 27 Chapter 33 sec. 7-8 Fall 2017 Semester Professor Koltick Clicker Question Bright light of wavelength 585 nm is incident perpendicularly on a soap film (n =

More information

Electromagnetism & Light. Interference & Diffraction

Electromagnetism & Light. Interference & Diffraction Electromagnetism & Light Interference & Diffraction Your opinion is very important to us. What study material would you recommend for future classes of Phys140/141? A. SmartPhysics alone B. SmartPhysics

More information

Single slit diffraction

Single slit diffraction Single slit diffraction Book page 364-367 Review double slit Core Assume paths of the two rays are parallel This is a good assumption if D >>> d PD = R 2 R 1 = dsin θ since sin θ = PD d Constructive interference

More information

Chapter 8: Physical Optics

Chapter 8: Physical Optics Chapter 8: Physical Optics Whether light is a particle or a wave had puzzled physicists for centuries. In this chapter, we only analyze light as a wave using basic optical concepts such as interference

More information

Polarisation and Diffraction

Polarisation and Diffraction 2015 EdExcel A Level Physics 2015 EdExcel A Level Physics Topic Topic 5 5 Polarisation and Diffraction Polarization Polarization is a characteristic of all transverse waves. Oscillation which take places

More information

Physical Optics. 1 st year physics laboratories. University of Ottawa.

Physical Optics. 1 st year physics laboratories. University of Ottawa. Physical Optics 1 st year physics laboratories University of Ottawa https://uottawa.brightspace.com/d2l/home INTRODUCTION Physical optics deals with light as a wave which can bend around obstacles (diffraction)

More information

PHYSICS 1040L LAB LAB 7: DIFFRACTION & INTERFERENCE

PHYSICS 1040L LAB LAB 7: DIFFRACTION & INTERFERENCE PHYSICS 1040L LAB LAB 7: DIFFRACTION & INTERFERENCE Object: To investigate the diffraction and interference of light, Apparatus: Lasers, optical bench, single and double slits. screen and mounts. Theory:

More information

Young s Double Slit Experiment

Young s Double Slit Experiment Young s Double Slit Experiment Light as a Wave? If light behaves like a wave, an experiment similar to a ripple tank using two light sources should reveal bright areas (constructive interference) and dark

More information

Chapter 36. Diffraction. Dr. Armen Kocharian

Chapter 36. Diffraction. Dr. Armen Kocharian Chapter 36 Diffraction Dr. Armen Kocharian Diffraction Light of wavelength comparable to or larger than the width of a slit spreads out in all forward directions upon passing through the slit This phenomena

More information

College Physics 150. Chapter 25 Interference and Diffraction

College Physics 150. Chapter 25 Interference and Diffraction College Physics 50 Chapter 5 Interference and Diffraction Constructive and Destructive Interference The Michelson Interferometer Thin Films Young s Double Slit Experiment Gratings Diffraction Resolution

More information

Diffraction. Factors that affect Diffraction

Diffraction. Factors that affect Diffraction Diffraction What is one common property the four images share? Diffraction: Factors that affect Diffraction TELJR Publications 2017 1 Young s Experiment AIM: Does light have properties of a particle? Or

More information

Experiment 1: Diffraction from a Single Slit

Experiment 1: Diffraction from a Single Slit 012-05880D Slit Accessory Experiment 1: Diffraction from a Single Slit Purpose Theory EQUIPMENT REQUIRED track and from the Basic Optics System (OS-8515) Diode Laser (OS-8525) Single Slit Disk (OS-8523)

More information

Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVIEW ON YOUR OWN. Lecture 6, p. 1

Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVIEW ON YOUR OWN. Lecture 6, p. 1 Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVEW ON YOUR OWN Lecture 6, p. 1 Single-Slit Slit Diffraction (from L4) Slit of width a. Where are the minima? Use Huygens principle: treat each point across

More information

Chapter 24. Wave Optics

Chapter 24. Wave Optics Chapter 24 Wave Optics Diffraction Huygen s principle requires that the waves spread out after they pass through slits This spreading out of light from its initial line of travel is called diffraction

More information

Interference and Diffraction of Light

Interference and Diffraction of Light Name Date Time to Complete h m Partner Course/ Section / Grade Interference and Diffraction of Light Reflection by mirrors and refraction by prisms and lenses can be analyzed using the simple ray model

More information

Diffraction at a single slit and double slit Measurement of the diameter of a hair

Diffraction at a single slit and double slit Measurement of the diameter of a hair Diffraction at a single slit and double slit Measurement of the diameter of a hair AREEJ AL JARB Background... 3 Objects of the experiments 4 Principles Single slit... 4 Double slit.. 6 Setup. 7 Procedure

More information

Models of Light The wave model: The ray model: The photon model:

Models of Light The wave model: The ray model: The photon model: Models of Light The wave model: under many circumstances, light exhibits the same behavior as sound or water waves. The study of light as a wave is called wave optics. The ray model: The properties of

More information

DIFFRACTION 4.1 DIFFRACTION Difference between Interference and Diffraction Classification Of Diffraction Phenomena

DIFFRACTION 4.1 DIFFRACTION Difference between Interference and Diffraction Classification Of Diffraction Phenomena 4.1 DIFFRACTION Suppose a light wave incident on a slit AB of sufficient width b, as shown in Figure 1. According to concept of rectilinear propagation of light the region A B on the screen should be uniformly

More information

mywbut.com Diffraction

mywbut.com Diffraction Diffraction If an opaque obstacle (or aperture) is placed between a source of light and screen, a sufficiently distinct shadow of opaque (or an illuminated aperture) is obtained on the screen.this shows

More information

Chapter 15. Light Waves

Chapter 15. Light Waves Chapter 15 Light Waves Chapter 15 is finished, but is not in camera-ready format. All diagrams are missing, but here are some excerpts from the text with omissions indicated by... After 15.1, read 15.2

More information

LECTURE 12 INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT. Instructor: Kazumi Tolich

LECTURE 12 INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT. Instructor: Kazumi Tolich LECTURE 12 INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT Instructor: Kazumi Tolich Lecture 12 2 17.2 The interference of light Young s double-slit experiment Analyzing double-slit interference 17.3 The diffraction grating Spectroscopy

More information

Intermediate Physics PHYS102

Intermediate Physics PHYS102 Intermediate Physics PHYS102 Dr Richard H. Cyburt Assistant Professor of Physics My office: 402c in the Science Building My phone: (304) 384-6006 My email: rcyburt@concord.edu My webpage: www.concord.edu/rcyburt

More information

Diffraction is the bending of waves around small obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings

Diffraction is the bending of waves around small obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings Diffraction Diffraction is the bending of waves around small obstacles and the spreading out of waves past small openings Diffraction by Pinhead When λ the opening, max diffraction occurs When λ < opening

More information

Interference Effects. 6.2 Interference. Coherence. Coherence. Interference. Interference

Interference Effects. 6.2 Interference. Coherence. Coherence. Interference. Interference Effects 6.2 Two-Slit Thin film is a general property of waves. A condition for is that the wave source is coherent. between two waves gives characteristic patterns due to constructive and destructive.

More information

Chapter 38. Diffraction Patterns and Polarization

Chapter 38. Diffraction Patterns and Polarization Chapter 38 Diffraction Patterns and Polarization Diffraction Light of wavelength comparable to or larger than the width of a slit spreads out in all forward directions upon passing through the slit This

More information

Chapter 4 - Diffraction

Chapter 4 - Diffraction Diffraction is the phenomenon that occurs when a wave interacts with an obstacle. David J. Starling Penn State Hazleton PHYS 214 When a wave interacts with an obstacle, the waves spread out and interfere.

More information

Lab 12 - Interference-Diffraction of Light Waves

Lab 12 - Interference-Diffraction of Light Waves Lab 12 - Interference-Diffraction of Light Waves Equipment and Safety: No special safety equipment is required for this lab. Do not look directly into the laser. Do not point the laser at other people.

More information

25-1 Interference from Two Sources

25-1 Interference from Two Sources 25-1 Interference from Two Sources In this chapter, our focus will be on the wave behavior of light, and on how two or more light waves interfere. However, the same concepts apply to sound waves, and other

More information

Presented By:- Abhishek Chandra, Abhishek Singh, Akash Gupta, Abhishek Pandey, Amit Tiwari B.Sc.:-IIIrd Year

Presented By:- Abhishek Chandra, Abhishek Singh, Akash Gupta, Abhishek Pandey, Amit Tiwari B.Sc.:-IIIrd Year Diffraction Grating Presented By:- Abhishek Chandra, Abhishek Singh, Akash Gupta, Abhishek Pandey, Amit Tiwari B.Sc.:-IIIrd Year DIFFRACTION The Phenomenon of bending of light round the corners of an obstacle

More information

14 Chapter. Interference and Diffraction

14 Chapter. Interference and Diffraction 14 Chapter Interference and Diffraction 14.1 Superposition of Waves... 14-14.1.1 Interference Conditions for Light Sources... 14-4 14. Young s Double-Slit Experiment... 14-4 Example 14.1: Double-Slit Experiment...

More information

Lecture 24 (Diffraction I Single-Slit Diffraction) Physics Spring 2018 Douglas Fields

Lecture 24 (Diffraction I Single-Slit Diffraction) Physics Spring 2018 Douglas Fields Lecture 24 (Diffraction I Single-Slit Diffraction) Physics 262-01 Spring 2018 Douglas Fields Single-Slit Diffraction As we have already hinted at, and seen, waves don t behave as we might have expected

More information

Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves

Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves PHY 92 Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves Introduction In this experiment you will become familiar with diffraction patterns created when

More information

Diffraction: Propagation of wave based on Huygens s principle.

Diffraction: Propagation of wave based on Huygens s principle. Diffraction: In addition to interference, waves also exhibit another property diffraction, which is the bending of waves as they pass by some objects or through an aperture. The phenomenon of diffraction

More information

Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVIEW ON YOUR OWN. Lecture 6, p. 1

Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVIEW ON YOUR OWN. Lecture 6, p. 1 Lecture 6: Waves Review and Examples PLEASE REVEW ON YOUR OWN Lecture 6, p. 1 Single-Slit Diffraction (from L4) Slit of width a. Where are the minima? Use Huygens principle: treat each point across the

More information

specular diffuse reflection.

specular diffuse reflection. Lesson 8 Light and Optics The Nature of Light Properties of Light: Reflection Refraction Interference Diffraction Polarization Dispersion and Prisms Total Internal Reflection Huygens s Principle The Nature

More information

Lecture 4 Recap of PHYS110-1 lecture Physical Optics - 4 lectures EM spectrum and colour Light sources Interference and diffraction Polarization

Lecture 4 Recap of PHYS110-1 lecture Physical Optics - 4 lectures EM spectrum and colour Light sources Interference and diffraction Polarization Lecture 4 Recap of PHYS110-1 lecture Physical Optics - 4 lectures EM spectrum and colour Light sources Interference and diffraction Polarization Lens Aberrations - 3 lectures Spherical aberrations Coma,

More information

22.4. (a) (b) (c) (d)

22.4. (a) (b) (c) (d) mλl 22.2. Because ym = increasing λ and L increases the fringe spacing. Increasing d decreases the fringe d spacing. Submerging the experiment in water decreases λ and decreases the fringe spacing. So

More information

Chapter 25. Wave Optics

Chapter 25. Wave Optics Chapter 25 Wave Optics Interference Light waves interfere with each other much like mechanical waves do All interference associated with light waves arises when the electromagnetic fields that constitute

More information

Diffraction Challenge Problem Solutions

Diffraction Challenge Problem Solutions Diffraction Challenge Problem Solutions Problem 1: Measuring the Wavelength of Laser Light Suppose you shine a red laser through a pair of narrow slits (a = 40 μm) separated by a known distance and allow

More information

Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves

Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves 1 Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves Introduction In this experiment you will become familiar with diffraction patterns created when a beam of light scatters from objects placed in its path.

More information

Final Exam and End Material Test Friday, May 12, 10:00-12:00

Final Exam and End Material Test Friday, May 12, 10:00-12:00 Final Exam and End Material Test Friday, May 12, 10:00-12:00 Test rooms: Instructor Sections Room Dr. Hale F, H 104 Physics Dr. Kurter B, N 125 BCH Dr. Madison K, M B-10 Bertelsmeyer Dr. Parris J St. Pats

More information

Physics 2c Lecture 25. Chapter 37 Interference & Diffraction

Physics 2c Lecture 25. Chapter 37 Interference & Diffraction Physics 2c Lecture 25 Chapter 37 Interference & Diffraction Outlook for rest of quarter Today: finish chapter 37 Tomorrow & Friday: E&M waves (Chapter 34) Next Monday, June 4 th : Quiz 8 on Chapter 37

More information

To see how a sharp edge or an aperture affect light. To analyze single-slit diffraction and calculate the intensity of the light

To see how a sharp edge or an aperture affect light. To analyze single-slit diffraction and calculate the intensity of the light Diffraction Goals for lecture To see how a sharp edge or an aperture affect light To analyze single-slit diffraction and calculate the intensity of the light To investigate the effect on light of many

More information

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS TSOKOS LESSON 9-2 SINGLE-SLIT DIFFRACTION Essential Idea: Single-slit diffraction occurs when a wave is incident upon a slit of approximately the same

More information

PHY132 Introduction to Physics II Class 5 Outline:

PHY132 Introduction to Physics II Class 5 Outline: PHY132 Introduction to Physics II Class 5 Outline: Ch. 22, sections 22.1-22.4 (Note we are skipping sections 22.5 and 22.6 in this course) Light and Optics Double-Slit Interference The Diffraction Grating

More information

Lecture 4. Physics 1502: Lecture 35 Today s Agenda. Homework 09: Wednesday December 9

Lecture 4. Physics 1502: Lecture 35 Today s Agenda. Homework 09: Wednesday December 9 Physics 1502: Lecture 35 Today s Agenda Announcements: Midterm 2: graded soon» solutions Homework 09: Wednesday December 9 Optics Diffraction» Introduction to diffraction» Diffraction from narrow slits»

More information

Diffraction Diffraction occurs when light waves pass through an aperture Huygen's Principal: each point on wavefront acts as source of another wave

Diffraction Diffraction occurs when light waves pass through an aperture Huygen's Principal: each point on wavefront acts as source of another wave Diffraction Diffraction occurs when light waves pass through an aperture Huygen's Principal: each point on wavefront acts as source of another wave If light coming from infinity point source at infinity

More information

The interference of light

The interference of light The interference of light For a long time there was a dispute about what light was. Was it made up of particles, or waves? In 1801, Thomas Young carried out a famous experiment (Young s double slit) that

More information

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS

DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS DEVIL PHYSICS THE BADDEST CLASS ON CAMPUS IB PHYSICS TSOKOS LESSON 4-7 DIFFRACTION Assessment Statements AHL Topic 11.3. and SL Option A-4 Diffraction: 11.3.1. Sketch the variation with angle of diffraction

More information

Physics 202 Homework 9

Physics 202 Homework 9 Physics 202 Homework 9 May 29, 2013 1. A sheet that is made of plastic (n = 1.60) covers one slit of a double slit 488 nm (see Figure 1). When the double slit is illuminated by monochromatic light (wavelength

More information

UNIT 102-9: INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION

UNIT 102-9: INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION Name St.No. - Date(YY/MM/DD) / / Section Group # UNIT 102-9: INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION Patterns created by interference of light in a thin film. OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the creation of double-slit

More information

Chapter 24 The Wave Nature of Light

Chapter 24 The Wave Nature of Light Chapter 24 The Wave Nature of Light 24.1 Waves Versus Particles; Huygens Principle and Diffraction Huygens principle: Every point on a wave front acts as a point source; the wavefront as it develops is

More information

PHYSICS 116 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION

PHYSICS 116 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION Name Date Lab Time Lab TA PHYSICS 116 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTE: PARTS OF THIS LAB INVOLVE THE USE OF HELIUM-NEON LASERS. THESE LASERS WILL NOT BURN YOUR SKIN BUT CAN CAUSE EYE

More information

Module 18: Diffraction-I Lecture 18: Diffraction-I

Module 18: Diffraction-I Lecture 18: Diffraction-I Module 18: iffraction-i Lecture 18: iffraction-i Our discussion of interference in the previous chapter considered the superposition of two waves. The discussion can be generalized to a situation where

More information

Lecture 16 Diffraction Ch. 36

Lecture 16 Diffraction Ch. 36 Lecture 16 Diffraction Ch. 36 Topics Newtons Rings Diffraction and the wave theory Single slit diffraction Intensity of single slit diffraction Double slit diffraction Diffraction grating Dispersion and

More information

Laboratory 11: Interference of Light Prelab

Laboratory 11: Interference of Light Prelab Phys 132L Fall 2018 Laboratory 11: Interference of Light Prelab 1 Diffraction grating Light with wavelength 560 nm is incident on a diffraction grating with slit spacing 2.0 10 6 m. Determinetheangles

More information

PHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 32: WAVE OPTICS.

PHYSICS - CLUTCH CH 32: WAVE OPTICS. !! www.clutchprep.com CONCEPT: DIFFRACTION Remember! Light travels in a straight line so long as it isn t disturbed - This allows light to be described as RAYS A common way to disturb light is to have

More information

Michelson Interferometer

Michelson Interferometer Michelson Interferometer The Michelson interferometer uses the interference of two reflected waves The third, beamsplitting, mirror is partially reflecting ( half silvered, except it s a thin Aluminum

More information

Chapter 35 &36 Physical Optics

Chapter 35 &36 Physical Optics Chapter 35 &36 Physical Optics Physical Optics Phase Difference & Coherence Thin Film Interference 2-Slit Interference Single Slit Interference Diffraction Patterns Diffraction Grating Diffraction & Resolution

More information

Diffraction through a single slit

Diffraction through a single slit Diffraction through a single slit Waves diffract when they encounter obstacles. Why does this happen? If we apply Huygens principle it becomes clear. Think about a wavefront impinging on a barrier with

More information

Wave Properties of Light

Wave Properties of Light 1 Wave Properties of Light Notice! You will be using laser light. Never look directly into the laser or at the reflected light! Part One: The Single Slit. You will be using real equipment in this laboratory

More information

Single Slit Diffraction

Single Slit Diffraction Name: Date: PC1142 Physics II Single Slit Diffraction 5 Laboratory Worksheet Part A: Qualitative Observation of Single Slit Diffraction Pattern L = a 2y 0.20 mm 0.02 mm Data Table 1 Question A-1: Describe

More information

INTERFERENCE. Interf - 1

INTERFERENCE. Interf - 1 INTERFERENCE This laboratory will investigate the phenomenon of interference. The interference and diffraction of light waves will be studied. Specifically, the interference patterns of a single slit,

More information

MEASUREMENT OF THE WAVELENGTH WITH APPLICATION OF A DIFFRACTION GRATING AND A SPECTROMETER

MEASUREMENT OF THE WAVELENGTH WITH APPLICATION OF A DIFFRACTION GRATING AND A SPECTROMETER Warsaw University of Technology Faculty of Physics Physics Laboratory I P Irma Śledzińska 4 MEASUREMENT OF THE WAVELENGTH WITH APPLICATION OF A DIFFRACTION GRATING AND A SPECTROMETER 1. Fundamentals Electromagnetic

More information

Waves & Oscillations

Waves & Oscillations Physics 42200 Waves & Oscillations Lecture 37 Interference Spring 2016 Semester Matthew Jones Multiple Beam Interference In many situations, a coherent beam can interfere with itself multiple times Consider

More information

The location of the bright fringes can be found using the following equation.

The location of the bright fringes can be found using the following equation. What You Need to Know: In the past two labs we ve been thinking of light as a particle that reflects off of a surface or refracts into a medium. Now we are going to talk about light as a wave. If you take

More information

Lecture PowerPoints. Chapter 24 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli

Lecture PowerPoints. Chapter 24 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli Lecture PowerPoints Chapter 24 Physics: Principles with Applications, 7 th edition Giancoli This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching

More information

Physics 123 Optics Review

Physics 123 Optics Review Physics 123 Optics Review I. Definitions & Facts concave converging convex diverging real image virtual image real object virtual object upright inverted dispersion nearsighted, farsighted near point,

More information

CHAPTER 26 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION

CHAPTER 26 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION CHAPTER 26 INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION INTERFERENCE CONSTRUCTIVE DESTRUCTIVE YOUNG S EXPERIMENT THIN FILMS NEWTON S RINGS DIFFRACTION SINGLE SLIT MULTIPLE SLITS RESOLVING POWER 1 IN PHASE 180 0 OUT OF

More information

Physical or wave optics

Physical or wave optics Physical or wave optics In the last chapter, we have been studying geometric optics u light moves in straight lines u can summarize everything by indicating direction of light using a ray u light behaves

More information

EM Waves Practice Problems

EM Waves Practice Problems PSI AP Physics 2 Name 1. Sir Isaac Newton was one of the first physicists to study light. What properties of light did he explain by using the particle model? 2. Who was the first person who was credited

More information

Phase. E = A sin(2p f t+f) (wave in time) or E = A sin(2p x/l +f) (wave in space)

Phase. E = A sin(2p f t+f) (wave in time) or E = A sin(2p x/l +f) (wave in space) Interference When two (or more) waves arrive at a point (in space or time), they interfere, and their amplitudes may add or subtract, depending on their frequency and phase. 1 Phase E = A sin(2p f t+f)

More information

Wave Optics. April 9, 2014 Chapter 34 1

Wave Optics. April 9, 2014 Chapter 34 1 Wave Optics April 9, 2014 Chapter 34 1 Announcements! Remainder of this week: Wave Optics! Next week: Last of biweekly exams, then relativity! Last week: Review of entire course, no exam! Final exam Wednesday,

More information

Physics 1C, Summer 2011 (Session 1) Practice Midterm 2 (50+4 points) Solutions

Physics 1C, Summer 2011 (Session 1) Practice Midterm 2 (50+4 points) Solutions Physics 1C, Summer 2011 (Session 1) Practice Midterm 2 (50+4 points) s Problem 1 (5x2 = 10 points) Label the following statements as True or False, with a one- or two-sentence explanation for why you chose

More information

Physics 102: Lecture 21 Thin Films & Diffraction Gratings

Physics 102: Lecture 21 Thin Films & Diffraction Gratings Physics 102: Lecture 21 Thin Films & Diffraction Gratings Physics 102: Lecture 21, Slie 1 Recall Interference (at least 2 coherent waves) Constructive (full wavelength ifference) Destructive (half wavelength

More information

Diffraction. Introduction: Diffraction is bending of waves around an obstacle (barrier) or spreading of waves passing through a narrow slit.

Diffraction. Introduction: Diffraction is bending of waves around an obstacle (barrier) or spreading of waves passing through a narrow slit. Introduction: Diffraction is bending of waves around an obstacle (barrier) or spreading of waves passing through a narrow slit. Diffraction amount depends on λ/a proportion If a >> λ diffraction is negligible

More information

DEMONSTRATE THE WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT AND DETERMINE THE WAVELENGTH.

DEMONSTRATE THE WAVE NATURE OF LIGHT AND DETERMINE THE WAVELENGTH. Optics Wave Optics Diffraction by Multiple Slits and Gratings DEMONSTRATE THE WAVE NATURE OF IGHT AND DETERMINE THE WAVEENGTH. Investigate diffraction at a pair of slits with different distances between

More information

Physics 1CL WAVE OPTICS: INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION Fall 2009

Physics 1CL WAVE OPTICS: INTERFERENCE AND DIFFRACTION Fall 2009 Introduction An important property of waves is interference. You are familiar with some simple examples of interference of sound waves. This interference effect produces positions having large amplitude

More information

Wave Phenomena Physics 15c. Lecture 19 Diffraction

Wave Phenomena Physics 15c. Lecture 19 Diffraction Wave Phenomena Physics 15c Lecture 19 Diffraction What We Did Last Time Studied interference > waves overlap Amplitudes add up Intensity = (amplitude) does not add up Thin-film interference Reflectivity

More information

Optics Wave Behavior in Optics Diffraction

Optics Wave Behavior in Optics Diffraction Optics Wave Behavior in Optics Diffraction Lana Sheridan De Anza College June 15, 2018 Last time Interference of light: the Double-Slit experiment multiple slit interference diffraction gratings Overview

More information

Chapter 36 Diffraction

Chapter 36 Diffraction Chapter 36 Diffraction In Chapter 35, we saw how light beams passing through different slits can interfere with each other and how a beam after passing through a single slit flares diffracts in Young's

More information

Single Slit Diffraction *

Single Slit Diffraction * OpenStax-CNX module: m42515 1 Single Slit Diffraction * OpenStax This work is produced by OpenStax-CNX and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 Discuss the single slit diraction

More information

ConcepTest PowerPoints

ConcepTest PowerPoints ConcepTest PowerPoints Chapter 24 Physics: Principles with Applications, 6 th edition Giancoli 2005 Pearson Prentice Hall This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for

More information

Electromagnetic waves

Electromagnetic waves Electromagnetic waves Now we re back to thinking of light as specifically being an electromagnetic wave u u u oscillating electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other propagating through space

More information

General Physics Experiment 11

General Physics Experiment 11 Physics Labs General Physics Experiment 11 Interference and Diffraction of Light Objectives: To measure the wavelength of light emitted by a Helium-Neon laser. To observe the character of single slit diffraction.

More information

PHYSICS. Chapter 33 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT

PHYSICS. Chapter 33 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 33 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 33 Wave Optics IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about and apply the wave model of light. Slide

More information

3 Interactions of Light Waves

3 Interactions of Light Waves CHAPTER 22 3 Interactions of Light Waves SECTION The Nature of Light BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How does reflection affect the way we see

More information

Experiment 8 Wave Optics

Experiment 8 Wave Optics Physics 263 Experiment 8 Wave Optics In this laboratory, we will perform two experiments on wave optics. 1 Double Slit Interference In two-slit interference, light falls on an opaque screen with two closely

More information

Interference and Diffraction of Light

Interference and Diffraction of Light [International Campus Lab] Objective Observe interference and diffraction patterns for various slits and diffraction gratings, and find the wavelengths of laser sources. Theory -----------------------------

More information