Exam Review: Geometric Optics 1. Know the meaning of the following terms and be able to apply or recognize them:
|
|
- Wilfred Preston
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Exam Review: Geometric Optics 1. Know the meaning of the following terms and be able to apply or recognize them: physics transparent convex mirror real image optics translucent refraction virtual image wavelength opaque refractive index magnification amplitude umbra total internal reflection SALT frequency penumbra critical angle angle of incidence non-luminous regular reflection converging lens angle of reflection incandescent diffuse reflection diverging lens angle of refraction luminescent concave mirror optical centre normal 2. Use the conversion factor method to convert between the following units. You must know the conversion factors and show all work. a) 360 nm x 1.0 m = m or 3.6 x 10 7 m 1.0 x 10 9 nm b) 5.35 m x 1.0 x 10 9 nm = nm or 5.35 x 10 9 nm 1.0 m c) 115 km x 1000 m = m or 1.15 x 10 5 m 1 km d) 58 m x 1 km = km 1000 m 3. What is the speed of light in a vacuum? 3.0 x 10 8 m/s 4. The four laws we have studied related to light: a) The Law of Conservation of Energy: energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be converted between different forms. For example, we can convert many different types of energy to light: mechanical energy to light eg. mechanoluminescence (crushing wintogreen candies) nuclear energy to light when small atoms smash together in the sun chemical energy when chemical reactions produce light b) The Law of Reflection: the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection when measured from the normal. This law allows us to predict the location of images in plane and curved mirrors. c) Snell s Law: n 1 sine θ 1 = n 2 sine θ 2 This law can be used to predict the angle of refraction if the indexes of refraction and incident angles are known. It can also be used to determine the index of refraction of an unknown substance (eg. fake diamonds) to identify them.
2 d) The three Laws of Refraction: when light travels from a less dense to a more dense substance at an angle, it slows down and bends toward the normal. This can be used to explain why light bends when it moves from the air into a prism as shown in the picture to the right. when light travels from a more dense to a less dense substance at an angle, it speeds up and bends away from the normal. This can be used to explain why the light leaving the prism and re-entering the air speeds up and emerges parallel to the first incident ray. It is also used to explain why light bends when it leaves the water and enters the air so objects appear to be closer to the surface of the water than they really are. when light travels from a less dense to a more dense substance and hits the surface exactly along the normal, it slows down but does not bend. This is useful to explain why light that shines down straight into the water does not bend. 5. Be able to label the trough, crest, rest position, wavelength and amplitude on a diagram of a wave. a) What is the importance (significance) of the wavelength of light? Wavelength determines the amount of energy that the electromagnetic radiation has. In the case of visible light, it is the wavelength that determines the colour of the light. rest position b) What is the importance (significance) of the amplitude of light? The amplitude of a wave determines its intensity. In the case of light, amplitude determines the intensity or brightness of the light. c) What is the importance (significance) of the frequency of light? The frequency of light is another indication of its wavelength or energy. The higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength and the higher the energy. 6. The primary and secondary additive colours: the primary additive colours are red, green and blue the secondary additive colours are magenta, cyan and yellow The primary and secondary subtractive colours: the primary subtractive colours are magenta, cyan and yellow the secondary subtractive colours are red, green and blue 7. According to Subtractive Colour Theory: a) to appear red, an object absorbs blue and green light, and reflects red b) to appear blue, an object absorbs green and red light, and reflects blue c) to appear green, an object absorbs red and blue light, and reflects green
3 8. What three ways can light be produced by luminous objects? Give an example of each. Nuclear reactions. Nuclear reactions can occur two ways. If two small nuclei smash together, they can fuse to form one large atom and release energy as light. This is what takes place in the sun and stars. A large atom can split apart into two or more smaller atoms and release energy as light. This is what occurs in nuclear reactors and bombs. Incandescence. This is when objects are heated to very high temperatures and then give off energy as light. This takes place in incandescent lightbulbs and the elements of electric stoves and toasters. Luminescence. This is when the electrons in atoms are excited by the addition of energy. The electrons jump away from the nucleus to higher energy levels. Eventually the electrons drop back closer to the nucleus and release their energy as light. Luminescence is classified by the source of the energy used to excite the electrons. For example, magnesium burns and gives off light by chemiluminescence. Phosphorescent objects absorb light from radiant energy and then release it as visible light. 9. Explain what happens in an atom when light is produced by luminescence. When the electrons in an atom are excited by the addition of energy (from a chemical reaction or electricity or other light energy or any other source of energy), the electrons jump further from the nucleus to higher energy levels. Eventually the electrons drop back closer to the nucleus and release their energy as light. 10. For fluorescent and incandescent light bulbs: incandescent light bulbs create light by first becoming very hot. Electricity passes through a tungsten filament, which becomes so hot that it gives off light. Because electricity if first converted to heat, and then to light, these light bulbs are very inefficient. fluorescent light bulbs create light when electricity excites the electrons in atoms of mercury within the bulb. When the electrons drop back to lower energy levels closer to the nucleus, they release ultra violet light. The UV light strikes a phosphor lining inside the bulb which then gives off white light. Fluorescent bulbs are more efficient than incandescent bulbs, but they still involve two energy conversions, so they are not very efficient fluorescent bulbs are more efficient than incandescent bulbs 11. What three things can happen to light when it hits the surface of an object? when light hits a surface, it can be reflected, transmitted or absorbed. If it is transmitted, it may be refracted (bent) depending on the angle of incidence and refractive indexes. 12. What is a shadow? Explain how the following factors affect the characteristics of a shadow: a shadow is a dark area that receives little or no light because the light has been blocked by a translucent or opaque object. a) the size of light source: the larger the light source, the larger and more blurry the shadow because it has a larger penumbra b) the size of the object: the larger the object, the larger the shadow because the object can block more light c) the transparency of object: the more transparent an object, the more light it allows to pass through and the lighter the shadow. Transparent objects can not create shadows, translucent objects create pale shadows (penumbras) and opaque objects create very dark shadows (umbras) d) the location of object: the closer the object is to the light source, the larger the shadow.
4 13. Draw the images of the objects as they are reflected by the curved mirrors. Describe their SALT characteristics. Include a calculation of the magnification (include the formula). S: larger A: inverted L: in front T: real = 2.1 cm / 1.1 cm = 1.9 x (about) S: larger A: upright L: behind T: virtual = 2.1 cm / 1.1 cm = 1.9 x (about) smaller upright S: A: L: behind T: virtual = 0.4 cm / 1.1 cm = 0.36 x (about) S: smaller A: upright L: behind T: virtual = 0.6 cm / 1.0 cm = 0.6 x (about)
5 14. Describe two uses of concave mirrors. Describe two uses of convex mirrors. Concave mirrors are used for magnifying, for example for make-up mirrors and for telescopes. Convex mirrors are used to collect light from a large area, for example, side-view mirrors on cars and security mirrors in stores. 15. On the diagram to the right: a) label the normal, incident ray, refracted ray, reflected ray, angle of reflection and angle of refraction incident ray b) Angle of incidence is about 71º Angle of reflection should be 71º (it actually measures about 68º. Sorry, I can t get it to print properly) Angle of refraction is 28º. Ө i normal Ө r reflected ray Remember to measure all angles from the normal!! refracted ray c) does the second medium have a higher or lower refractive Ө R index than the first medium? the second medium must have a higher refractive index because the refracted ray bent toward the normal so the light had to slow down d) how does the speed of the reflected ray compare with the incident ray? the speed of the reflected ray is equal to the speed of the incident ray because the reflected light is travelling in the same medium and it is the medium that determines the speed of light e) how does the speed of the refracted ray compare with the incident ray? the speed of the refracted ray is slower than the speed of the incident ray because the light refracted toward the normal f) What two laws does this diagram portray? the Law of Reflection (the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection when measured from the normal) and the Law of Refraction that states that light will slow down and bend toward the normal when it enters a more optically dense substance 16. Total internal reflection (TIR) takes place when light travels from a substance with a higher refractive index into a substance with a lower refractive index. At the critical angle, the light is refracted back along the surface of the substance. If the incident angle is greater than the critical angle, the light is refracted so much that it is reflected back into the first medium. This is total internal reflection. a) For TIR to occur, the light must move from a substance with a higher refractive index to a substance with a lower refractive index and the angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle. b) Optical fibres are made of a very fine glass core which is surrounded by a layer of cladding. The cladding (covering) has a lower refractive index than the glass. Light is directed into the optical fibre at an angle larger than the critical angle, so when it hits the edge of the glass, it is totally internally reflected back into the glass fibre. It travels in the glass until it again hits the edge of the glass and is again totally internally reflected back into the glass fibre. The light travels through the glass fibre by bouncing back and forth along the walls until it reaches the end, with very little loss of energy. c) Optical fibres are used to carry information as light for telecommunications (telephone land lines ) and for medical endoscopy- when an optical fibre tube is inserted into a person and light shone along the fibre so a doctor can look inside without doing surgery
6 17. Calculate the speed of light in corn oil. Show your work. n = c or v = c v n v = 3.0 x 10 8 m/s 1.47 v = 2.04 x 10 8 m/s 18. Light travels from air into plexiglass, hitting the surface at an angle of 36º. What is the angle of refraction? Show a full, organized solution. Substance Refractive Index Air Water (liquid) Alcohol Corn oil 1.47 Pyrex glass 1.47 Plexiglass 1.49 Crown glass Flint glass 1.61 Cubic Zirconium 2.16 Diamond Givens: air plexiglass n 1 = n 2 = 1.49 Ө 1 = 36º Ө 2 =? n 1 sine θ 1 = n 2 sine θ 2 (1.0003) (sin 36º) = (1.49) (sin Ө 2 ) (1.0003) (0.588) = (1.49) (sin Ө 2 ) (1.49) (1.49) = sin Ө 2 Ө 2 = 23.24º Therefore, the angle of refraction is 23.24º or 24 º in plexiglass 19. Light travels from alcohol into a cubic zirconium. If the angle of refraction is 27º, what was the angle of incidence? Givens: alcohol cubic zirconium n 1 = n 2 = 2.16 Ө 1 =? Ө 2 = 27º n 1 sine θ 1 = n 2 sine θ 2 (1.361) (sin Ө 1 ) = (2.16) (sin 27º) (1.361) (sin Ө 1 ) = (2.16) (0.454 ) (1.361) (1.361) sin Ө 1 = sin Ө 1 = 46.1º Therefore, the angle of incidence is 46.1º or 46º in zirconium
7 20. Compare near-sightedness and far-sightedness: Medical name for this condition What is wrong in the eye? (2 possibilities) nearsightedness myopia The lens in the eye focuses the image in front of the retina. This can happen because the person s eyeball is too long, or because the lens has too much curvature and converges the light too much. far-sightedness hyperopia The lens in the eye focuses the image behind the retina. This can happen because the person s eyeball is too short, or because the lens does not have enough curvature (is too flat) and does not converge the light enough. What type of lens is used to correct it and why? A diverging lens is used to treat myopia. It spreads out light entering the eye, so that when the eye of the lens causes it to converge, it will focus on the retina. A converging lens is used to treat hyperopia. It converges the light entering the eye just slightly, so that when the eye of the lens converges it again, it will focus on the retina.
11.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF LIGHT
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIGHT 11.1 An electromagnetic wave has both electric and magnetic parts; it does not require a medium, and it travels at the speed of light. As wavelength decreases, energy increases.
More informationSNC 2PI Optics Unit Review /95 Name:
SNC 2PI Optics Unit Review /95 Name: Part 1: True or False Indicate in the space provided if the statement is true (T) or false(f) [15] 1. Light is a form of energy 2. Shadows are proof that light travels
More informationRay Optics. Ray model Reflection Refraction, total internal reflection Color dispersion Lenses Image formation Magnification Spherical mirrors
Ray Optics Ray model Reflection Refraction, total internal reflection Color dispersion Lenses Image formation Magnification Spherical mirrors 1 Ray optics Optical imaging and color in medicine Integral
More informationOptics Test Science What are some devices that you use in everyday life that require optics?
Optics Test Science 8 Introduction to Optics 1. What are some devices that you use in everyday life that require optics? Light Energy and Its Sources 308-8 identify and describe properties of visible light
More informationLight travels in straight lines, this is referred to as... this means that light does not bend...
SNC 2DI - 10.2 Properties of Light and Reflection Light travels in straight lines, this is referred to as... this means that light does not bend... Reflection : Light travels in a straight line as long
More informationS2 Science EM Spectrum Revision Notes --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- What is light? Light is a form of
More informationChapter 5 Mirrors and Lenses
Chapter 5 Notes: Mirrors and Lenses Name: Block: The Ray Model of Light The ray model of light represents light as a line, or ray, indicating the path of a beam of light. Light travels in straight lines
More informationReflection & refraction
2015 EdExcel A Level Physics 2015 EdExcel A Level Physics Topic Topic 5 5 Reflection & refraction Reflection revision Reflection is the bouncing of light rays off a surface Reflection from a mirror: Normal
More informationGEOMETRIC OPTICS. LENSES refract light, so we need to know how light bends when entering and exiting a lens and how that interaction forms an image.
I. What is GEOMTERIC OPTICS GEOMETRIC OPTICS In geometric optics, LIGHT is treated as imaginary rays. How these rays interact with at the interface of different media, including lenses and mirrors, is
More informationWhat is it? How does it work? How do we use it?
What is it? How does it work? How do we use it? Dual Nature http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfpeprq7ogc o Electromagnetic Waves display wave behavior o Created by oscillating electric and magnetic fields
More informationSESSION 5: INVESTIGATING LIGHT. Key Concepts. X-planation. Physical Sciences Grade In this session we:
SESSION 5: INVESTIGATING LIGHT Key Concepts In this session we: Explain what light is, where light comes from and why it is important Identify what happens when light strikes the surface of different objects
More information4. Refraction. glass, air, Perspex and water.
Mr. C. Grima 11 1. Rays and Beams A ray of light is a narrow beam of parallel light, which can be represented by a line with an arrow on it, in diagrams. A group of rays makes up a beam of light. In laboratory
More informationUNIT C: LIGHT AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS
1 UNIT C: LIGHT AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS Science 8 2 LIGHT BEHAVES IN PREDICTABLE WAYS. Section 2.0 1 3 LIGHT TRAVELS IN RAYS AND INTERACTS WITH MATERIALS Topic 2.1 RAY DIAGRAMS Scientists use ray diagrams
More informationLight and Lenses Notes
Light and Lenses Notes Refraction The change in speed and direction of a wave Due to change in medium Must cross boundary at an angle other than 90 o, otherwise no change in direction I R (unlike reflection)
More informationUnit 9 Light & Optics
Unit 9 Light & Optics 1 A quick review of the properties of light. Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation Light travels as transverse waves having wavelength and frequency. fλ=c The velocity of EMR
More informationUnit 3: Optics Chapter 4
Unit 3: Optics Chapter 4 History of Light https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1yiapztlos History of Light Early philosophers (Pythagoras) believed light was made up of tiny particles Later scientist found
More informationAll forms of EM waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum = 3.00 x 10 8 m/s This speed is constant in air as well
Pre AP Physics Light & Optics Chapters 14-16 Light is an electromagnetic wave Electromagnetic waves: Oscillating electric and magnetic fields that are perpendicular to the direction the wave moves Difference
More informationLight & Optical Systems Reflection & Refraction. Notes
Light & Optical Systems Reflection & Refraction Notes What is light? Light is electromagnetic radiation Ultra-violet + visible + infra-red Behavior of Light Light behaves in 2 ways particles (photons)
More informationRecap: Refraction. Amount of bending depends on: - angle of incidence - refractive index of medium. (n 2 > n 1 ) n 2
Amount of bending depends on: - angle of incidence - refractive index of medium Recap: Refraction λ 1 (n 2 > n 1 ) Snell s Law: When light passes from one transparent medium to another, the rays will be
More informationLight and Optics Learning Goals Review
SNC2D Light and Optics Learning Goals Review Different types of light be familiar with the different types of light i.e. direct and indirect, natural and artificial and be able to describe the different
More informationChapter 5 Mirror and Lenses
Chapter 5 Mirror and Lenses Name: 5.1 Ray Model of Light Another model for light is that it is made up of tiny particles called. Photons travel in perfect, lines from a light source This model helps us
More informationPSC20 - Properties of Waves 3
PSC20 - Properties of Waves 3 The speed of light is in a vacuum. it travels 299 972 458 m/s. (rounded to m/s). Speed of light is given the symbol comes from the word meaning. How far do you think light
More informationWhat is Light? What is Electromagnetic Radiation?
What is Light? Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that can be seen by the eye. What is Electromagnetic Radiation? Electromagnetic radiation is a term used to describe waves that are created by
More informationTextbook Reference: Glencoe Physics: Chapters 16-18
Honors Physics-121B Geometric Optics Introduction: A great deal of evidence suggests that light travels in straight lines. A source of light like the sun casts distinct shadows. We can hear sound from
More informationChapter 26 Geometrical Optics
Chapter 26 Geometrical Optics 26.1 The Reflection of Light 26.2 Forming Images With a Plane Mirror 26.3 Spherical Mirrors 26.4 Ray Tracing and the Mirror Equation 26.5 The Refraction of Light 26.6 Ray
More informationAlgebra Based Physics
Slide 1 / 66 Slide 2 / 66 Algebra Based Physics Geometric Optics 2015-12-01 www.njctl.org Table of ontents Slide 3 / 66 lick on the topic to go to that section Reflection Spherical Mirror Refraction and
More informationRefraction Section 1. Preview. Section 1 Refraction. Section 2 Thin Lenses. Section 3 Optical Phenomena. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
Refraction Section 1 Preview Section 1 Refraction Section 2 Thin Lenses Section 3 Optical Phenomena Refraction Section 1 TEKS The student is expected to: 7D investigate behaviors of waves, including reflection,
More informationToday s Topic: Refraction / Snell s Law
Today s Topic: Refraction / Snell s Law Learning Goal: Students will be able to calculate the angle of reflection of a bent light wave. Take out your notes from yesterday as we learn about Snell s Law.
More information2/26/2016. Chapter 23 Ray Optics. Chapter 23 Preview. Chapter 23 Preview
Chapter 23 Ray Optics Chapter Goal: To understand and apply the ray model of light. Slide 23-2 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-3 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-4 1 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-5 Chapter 23 Preview
More informationPHYS 219 General Physics: Electricity, Light and Modern Physics
PHYS 219 General Physics: Electricity, Light and Modern Physics Exam 2 is scheduled on Tuesday, March 26 @ 8 10 PM In Physics 114 It will cover four Chapters 21, 22, 23, and 24. Start reviewing lecture
More informationRed Orange the reflected ray. Yellow Green and the normal. Blue Indigo line. Colours of visible reflection
distance the carrying the moves away from rest position Brightness Loudness The angle between the incident ray and the normal line Amplitude Amplitude of a light Amplitude of a sound incidence Angle between
More informationUnit 11 Light and Optics Holt Chapter 14 Student Outline Light and Refraction
Holt Chapter 14 Student Outline Light and Refraction Variables introduced or used in chapter: Quantity Symbol Units Speed of light frequency wavelength angle Object Distance Image Distance Radius of Curvature
More information4. A bulb has a luminous flux of 2400 lm. What is the luminous intensity of the bulb?
1. Match the physical quantities (first column) with the units (second column). 4. A bulb has a luminous flux of 2400 lm. What is the luminous intensity of the bulb? (π=3.) Luminous flux A. candela Radiant
More informationMultiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Practice Test Light Equations Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which colour of light has the shortest wavelength? a. red c. green b. blue
More informationThe branch of physics which studies light
Mr.V The branch of physics which studies light Geometric model XVI century by W Snell Wave Model XIX century by JC Maxwell Photon Model XX century by Planck, Einstein Models of Light Basic Concept Laws
More informationUnit 3: Optics Chapter 4
Unit 3: Optics Chapter 4 History of Light https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1yiapztlos History of Light Early philosophers (Pythagoras) believed light was made up of tiny particles Later scientist found
More informationLIGHT. Speed of light Law of Reflection Refraction Snell s Law Mirrors Lenses
LIGHT Speed of light Law of Reflection Refraction Snell s Law Mirrors Lenses Light = Electromagnetic Wave Requires No Medium to Travel Oscillating Electric and Magnetic Field Travel at the speed of light
More informationPHY 112: Light, Color and Vision. Lecture 11. Prof. Clark McGrew Physics D 134. Review for Exam. Lecture 11 PHY 112 Lecture 1
PHY 112: Light, Color and Vision Lecture 11 Prof. Clark McGrew Physics D 134 Review for Exam Lecture 11 PHY 112 Lecture 1 From Last Time Lenses Ray tracing a Convex Lens Announcements The midterm is Thursday
More informationRefraction of Light. c = m / s. n = c v. The index of refraction is never less than 1. Some common indices of refraction are listed below.
Refraction of Light The speed of light in a vacuum is c = 3.00 10 8 m / s In air, the speed is only slightly less. In other transparent materials, such as glass and water, the speed is always less than
More informationThe path of light is bent. Refraction and Lenses 4/26/2016. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Not so for refraction.
The path of light is bent. Refraction and Lenses These are not photographs, but rather computer generated graphics based on the artist s understanding of the index of refraction. The angle of incidence
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 34 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 34 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 34 Ray Optics IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about and apply the ray model of light Slide 34-2
More information3. For an incoming ray of light vacuum wavelength 589 nm, fill in the unknown values in the following table.
Homework Set 15A: Mirrors and Lenses 1. Find the angle of refraction for a ray of light that enters a bucket of water from air at an angle of 25 degrees to the normal. 2. A ray of light of vacuum wavelength
More informationChapter 32 Light: Reflection and Refraction. Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 32 Light: Reflection and Refraction Units of Chapter 32 The Ray Model of Light Reflection; Image Formation by a Plane Mirror Formation of Images by Spherical Mirrors Index of Refraction Refraction:
More informationNicholas J. Giordano. Chapter 24. Geometrical Optics. Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College
Nicholas J. Giordano www.cengage.com/physics/giordano Chapter 24 Geometrical Optics Marilyn Akins, PhD Broome Community College Optics The study of light is called optics Some highlights in the history
More informationChapter 26 Geometrical Optics
Chapter 26 Geometrical Optics The Reflection of Light: Mirrors: Mirrors produce images because the light that strikes them is reflected, rather than absorbed. Reflected light does much more than produce
More informationPhys102 Lecture 21/22 Light: Reflection and Refraction
Phys102 Lecture 21/22 Light: Reflection and Refraction Key Points The Ray Model of Light Reflection and Mirrors Refraction, Snell s Law Total internal Reflection References 23-1,2,3,4,5,6. The Ray Model
More informationChapter 12 Notes: Optics
Chapter 12 Notes: Optics How can the paths traveled by light rays be rearranged in order to form images? In this chapter we will consider just one form of electromagnetic wave: visible light. We will be
More informationLecture 7 Notes: 07 / 11. Reflection and refraction
Lecture 7 Notes: 07 / 11 Reflection and refraction When an electromagnetic wave, such as light, encounters the surface of a medium, some of it is reflected off the surface, while some crosses the boundary
More informationChapter 7: Geometrical Optics. The branch of physics which studies the properties of light using the ray model of light.
Chapter 7: Geometrical Optics The branch of physics which studies the properties of light using the ray model of light. Overview Geometrical Optics Spherical Mirror Refraction Thin Lens f u v r and f 2
More informationLight. Reflection of light. Types of reflection
Light Reflection of light Reflection is when light bounces off an object. If the surface is smooth and shiny, like glass, water or polished metal, the light will reflect at the same angle as it hit the
More informationWhen light strikes an object there are different ways it can be affected. Light can be
When light strikes an object there are different ways it can be affected. Light can be transmitted, reflected, refracted, and absorbed, It depends on the type of matter that it strikes. For example light
More informationLIGHT. Descartes particle theory, however, could not be used to explain diffraction of light.
1 LIGHT Theories of Light In the 17 th century Descartes, a French scientist, formulated two opposing theories to explain the nature of light. These two theories are the particle theory and the wave theory.
More informationReflection and Refraction. Chapter 29
Reflection and Refraction Chapter 29 Reflection When a wave reaches a boundary between two media, some or all of the wave bounces back into the first medium. Reflection The angle of incidence is equal
More informationPAPER 2 THEORY QUESTIONS
PAPER 2 THEORY QUESTIONS 1 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows a ray of light incident on a mirror at X. The incident ray makes an angle of 50 with the surface of the mirror. (i) Complete Fig. 1.1 to show the normal and
More informationDispersion (23.5) Neil Alberding (SFU Physics) Physics 121: Optics, Electricity & Magnetism Spring / 17
Neil Alberding (SFU Physics) Physics 121: Optics, Electricity & Magnetism Spring 2010 1 / 17 Dispersion (23.5) The speed of light in a material depends on its wavelength White light is a mixture of wavelengths
More informationScience 8 Chapter 5 Section 1
Science 8 Chapter 5 Section 1 The Ray Model of Light (pp. 172-187) Models of Light wave model of light: a model in which light is a type of wave that travels through space and transfers energy from one
More informationThe path of light is bent. Refraction and Lenses 5/3/2018. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection. Not so for refraction.
The path of light is bent. Refraction and Lenses Unit 11 These are not photographs, but rather computer generated graphics based on the artist s understanding of the index of refraction. The angle of incidence
More informationLight and all its colours
Light and all its colours Hold a CD to the light You can see all the colours of the rainbow The CD is a non-luminous body It is reflecting white light from the sun Where do the colours come from? Truth
More informationOPTICS: Solutions to higher level questions
OPTICS: Solutions to higher level questions 2015 Question 12 (b) (i) Complete the path of the light ray through the section of the lens. See diagram: (ii) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of a
More informationLecture 14: Refraction
Lecture 14: Refraction We know from experience that there are several transparent substances through which light can travel air, water, and glass are three examples When light passes from one such medium
More informationOptics. a- Before the beginning of the nineteenth century, light was considered to be a stream of particles.
Optics 1- Light Nature: a- Before the beginning of the nineteenth century, light was considered to be a stream of particles. The particles were either emitted by the object being viewed or emanated from
More information1. Which diagram best represents the reflection of light from an irregular surface?
waves 6-2-04 Name 02-JUN-04 1. Which diagram best represents the reflection of light from an irregular surface? 1. 1 3. 3 2. 2 4. 4 2. In a vacuum, a monochromatic beam of light as a frequency of 6.3 X
More informationTOPIC 3 PROPERTIES OF WAVES INCLUDING LIGHT AND SOUND
IGCSE Physics 0625 notes Topic 3: Waves. Light and Sound: Revised on: 17 September 2010 1 TOPIC 3 PROPERTIES OF WAVES INCLUDING LIGHT AND SOUND WHAT IS WAVE MOTION? The wave motion is a means of transferring
More informationspecular diffuse reflection.
Lesson 8 Light and Optics The Nature of Light Properties of Light: Reflection Refraction Interference Diffraction Polarization Dispersion and Prisms Total Internal Reflection Huygens s Principle The Nature
More informationLec. 6: Ch. 2 - Geometrical Optics
Lec. 6: Ch. 2 - Geometrical Optics We are here 1. Shadows 2. Reflection 3. Refraction 4. Dispersion Guest lecture Tuesday, February 2, by Dr. Greg Werner. 1 Review Equal angle rule Similar triangles are
More informationLight: Geometric Optics
Light: Geometric Optics The Ray Model of Light Light very often travels in straight lines. We represent light using rays, which are straight lines emanating from an object. This is an idealization, but
More informationConceptual Physics Fundamentals
Conceptual Physics Fundamentals Chapter 14: PROPERTIES OF LIGHT This lecture will help you understand: Reflection Refraction Dispersion Total Internal Reflection Lenses Polarization Properties of Light
More informationReflections. I feel pretty, oh so pretty
Reflections I feel pretty, oh so pretty Objectives By the end of the lesson, you should be able to: Draw an accurate reflective angle Determine the focal length of a spherical mirror Light Review Light
More informationChapter 5: Mirrors and Lenses. 5.1 Ray Model of Light
Chapter 5: Mirrors and Lenses 5.1 Ray Model of Light Ray Model of Light Another model for light is that it is made up of 3ny par3cles called photons Photons travel in perfect, straight lines away from
More informationindex of refraction-light speed
AP Physics Study Guide Chapters 22, 23, 24 Reflection, Refraction and Interference Name Write each of the equations specified below, include units for all quantities. Law of Reflection Lens-Mirror Equation
More informationRay Optics. Physics 11. Sources of Light Rays: Self-Luminous Objects. The Ray Model of Light
Physics 11 Ray Optics Ray Model of Light Reflection Plane Mirrors Spherical Mirrors Ray Tracing Images from a Concave Mirror Images from a Convex Mirror Slide 18-3 The Ray Model of Light Sources of Light
More informationLight Energy. Name: Key
Light Energy Name: Key What is Light? Make a list of things that give us light. How many can you think of? Answers will vary Count the items on your list. How many did you write? Light: Light is a form
More information3/10/2019. Models of Light. Waves and wave fronts. Wave fronts and rays
Models of Light The wave model: Under many circumstances, light exhibits the same behavior as material waves. The study of light as a wave is called wave optics. The ray model: The properties of prisms,
More informationReflection and Refraction of Light
PC1222 Fundamentals of Physics II Reflection and Refraction of Light 1 Objectives Investigate for reflection of rays from a plane surface, the dependence of the angle of reflection on the angle of incidence.
More informationWhat is light? This question sparked a huge debate in physics.
Optics Sol PH. 11 What is light? This question sparked a huge debate in physics. Light is a Stream of Particles. Newton called corpuscles Colors travel at different speeds. Einstein called quanti Light
More informationLight, Lenses, Mirrors
Light, Lenses, Mirrors Optics Light is Dual in nature- has both particle and wave properties. Light = range of frequencies of electromagnetic waves that stimulates the eye s retina Facts About Light It
More informationHW Chapter 20 Q 2,3,4,5,6,10,13 P 1,2,3. Chapter 20. Classic and Modern Optics. Dr. Armen Kocharian
HW Chapter 20 Q 2,3,4,5,6,10,13 P 1,2,3 Chapter 20 Classic and Modern Optics Dr. Armen Kocharian Electromagnetic waves and matter: A Brief History of Light 1000 AD It was proposed that light consisted
More informationPhysics 1202: Lecture 17 Today s Agenda
Physics 1202: Lecture 17 Today s Agenda Announcements: Team problems today Team 10, 11 & 12: this Thursday Homework #8: due Friday Midterm 2: Tuesday April 10 Office hours if needed (M-2:30-3:30 or TH
More informationSection 2 Flat Mirrors. Distinguish between specular and diffuse reflection of light. Apply the law of reflection for flat mirrors.
Section 2 Flat Mirrors Objectives Distinguish between specular and diffuse reflection of light. Apply the law of reflection for flat mirrors. Describe the nature of images formed by flat mirrors. Section
More informationLight: Geometric Optics
Light: Geometric Optics 23.1 The Ray Model of Light Light very often travels in straight lines. We represent light using rays, which are straight lines emanating from an object. This is an idealization,
More informationGeneral Physics II. Mirrors & Lenses
General Physics II Mirrors & Lenses Nothing New! For the next several lectures we will be studying geometrical optics. You already know the fundamentals of what is going on!!! Reflection: θ 1 = θ r incident
More informationHistory of Light. 5 th Century B.C.
History of Light 5 th Century B.C. Philosophers thought light was made up of streamers emitted by the eye making contact with an object Others thought that light was made of particles that traveled from
More informationRules for Deviation of Light Rays During Refraction
REFLECTION OF LIGHT Refraction of light is the phenomenon due to which a ray of light deviates from its path, at the surface of separation of two media, when the ray of light is travelling from one optical
More informationLight, Photons, and MRI
Light, Photons, and MRI When light hits an object, some of it will be reflected. The reflected light can form an image. We usually want to be able to characterize the image given what we know about the
More informationConceptual Physics 11 th Edition
Conceptual Physics 11 th Edition Chapter 28: REFLECTION & REFRACTION This lecture will help you understand: Reflection Principle of Least Time Law of Reflection Refraction Cause of Refraction Dispersion
More informationWhich row could be correct for the colours seen at X, at Y and at Z?
1 The ray diagram shows the image of an formed by a converging lens. converging lens image 50 cm What is the focal length of the lens? 40 cm 72 cm 40 cm 50 cm 72 cm 90 cm 2 The diagram shows the dispersion
More information(Equation 24.1: Index of refraction) We can make sense of what happens in Figure 24.1
24-1 Refraction To understand what happens when light passes from one medium to another, we again use a model that involves rays and wave fronts, as we did with reflection. Let s begin by creating a short
More informationPHYSICS. Light FORM 4. Chapter 5. Compiled by Cikgu Desikan
PHYSICS RM 4 Chapter 5 Light Compiled by Cikgu Desikan PRE SPM PHYSICS 2016 Chapter 5 Light Dear students, The two basic processes of education are knowing and valuing. Learning bjectives : 1. Understanding
More informationDraw a diagram showing the fibre and the path of the ray of light. Describe one use of optical fibres in medicine. You may draw a diagram.
1 (a) (i) A ray of light passes through a length of curved optical fibre. Draw a diagram showing the fibre and the path of the ray of light. [1] Describe one use of optical fibres in medicine. You may
More informationCAUTION: Direct eye exposure to lasers can damage your sight. Do not shine laser pointers near anyone s face, or look directly into the beam.
Name: Date: Partners: Purpose: To understand the basic properties of light and how it interacts with matter to reflect, refract, disperse or diffract. Part 1A: Reflection Materials: 1. mirror 2. ruler
More informationWallace Hall Academy
Wallace Hall Academy CfE Higher Physics Unit 2 - Waves Notes Name 1 Waves Revision You will remember the following equations related to Waves from National 5. d = vt f = n/t v = f T=1/f They form an integral
More informationHomework Set 3 Due Thursday, 07/14
Homework Set 3 Due Thursday, 07/14 Problem 1 A room contains two parallel wall mirrors, on opposite walls 5 meters apart. The mirrors are 8 meters long. Suppose that one person stands in a doorway, in
More information3 Interactions of Light Waves
CHAPTER 22 3 Interactions of Light Waves SECTION The Nature of Light BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: How does reflection affect the way we see
More informationPhys 102 Lecture 17 Introduction to ray optics
Phys 102 Lecture 17 Introduction to ray optics 1 Physics 102 lectures on light Light as a wave Lecture 15 EM waves Lecture 16 Polarization Lecture 22 & 23 Interference & diffraction Light as a ray Lecture
More informationHuman Retina. Sharp Spot: Fovea Blind Spot: Optic Nerve
Chapter 35 I am Watching YOU!! Human Retina Sharp Spot: Fovea Blind Spot: Optic Nerve Human Vision An optical Tuning Fork Optical Antennae: Rods & Cones Rods: Intensity Cones: Color Where does light actually
More informationWillis High School Physics Workbook Unit 7 Waves and Optics
Willis High School Physics Workbook Unit 7 Waves and Optics This workbook belongs to Period Waves and Optics Pacing Guide DAY DATE TEXTBOOK PREREADING CLASSWORK HOMEWORK ASSESSMENT M 2/25 T 2/26 W 2/27
More informationWelcome to: Physics I. I m Dr Alex Pettitt, and I ll be your guide!
Welcome to: Physics I I m Dr Alex Pettitt, and I ll be your guide! Physics I: x Mirrors and lenses Lecture 13: 6-11-2018 Last lecture: Reflection & Refraction Reflection: Light ray hits surface Ray moves
More informationPhysics 102: Lecture 17 Reflection and Refraction of Light
Physics 102: Lecture 17 Reflection and Refraction of Light Physics 102: Lecture 17, Slide 1 Today Last Time Recall from last time. Reflection: q i = q r Flat Mirror: image equidistant behind Spherical
More informationKULLEGG MARIA REGINA BOYS SECONDARY MOSTA HALF-YEARLY EXAMINATIONS 2012/2013. SUBJECT: PHYSICS Form 4 TIME: 1 HR 30 MIN NAME :
KULLEGG MARIA REGINA BOYS SECONDARY MOSTA HALF-YEARLY EXAMINATIONS 2012/2013 SUBJECT: PHYSICS Form 4 TIME: 1 HR 30 MIN NAME : CLASS : INDEX NO : Track 2 Answer ALL questions in the spaces provided on the
More informationLight. Form of Electromagnetic Energy Only part of Electromagnetic Spectrum that we can really see
Light Form of Electromagnetic Energy Only part of Electromagnetic Spectrum that we can really see Facts About Light The speed of light, c, is constant in a vacuum. Light can be: REFLECTED ABSORBED REFRACTED
More information