1 œ DRUM SET KEY. 8 Odd Meter Clave Conor Guilfoyle. Cowbell (neck) Cymbal. Hi-hat. Floor tom (shell) Clave block. Cowbell (mouth) Hi tom.

Transcription

1 DRUM SET KEY Hi-ha Cmbal Clave block Cowbell (mouh) 0 Cowbell (neck) Floor om (shell) Hi om Mid om Snare Floor om Snare cross sick or clave block Bass drum Hi-ha wih foo 8 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

2 The Clave THE SON CLAVE The son clave is similar o he rumba clave, he difference being ha he hird sroke falls an eighh noe earlier. This sroke is commonl called he ponche. I is used as a resolve poin in he music or someimes a saring poin. Noe: The final quarer noe on eiher side of he clave can be referred o as ponche, however, he son clave onl lines up wih he ponche on he 3-side. This small change has a profound effec on he clave. I creaes a more seled feeling and also increases he separaion beween he wo sides. Son clave ends o be used for he popular dance sles genericall called Salsa.. 3-Side (Ponche) J Œ -Side Œ Œ Main Pulse CLAVE DIRECTION Clave has sides each wih disinc rhhmic feaures. I can sar on eiher of hese wo sides. If i begins wih he side ha conains 3 srokes i is referred o as 3 clave and if i sars wih he side ha conains srokes i is called 3 clave. This applies o boh, rumba and son clave. 3 Rumba Clave. J Œ. J Œ Œ 3 Rumba Clave Œ Œ. J Œ. J 3 Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

3 The Paerns Cascara wih Conga Tumbao A conga paern ha is used wih man sles is referred o as he conga umbao. The main feaure of his paern is he slap on and he open ones on 4 and 4+. These are replicaed here b using he rim click for he slap and he om om for he open ones. The bass drum plas he bombo sroke. MAMBO BELL A cerain secions of an arrangemen he imbale plaer ( imbalero) will move from plaing he cascara paern and pla a rhhm on he cowbell known as he mambo bell paern. Though his paern is used in he rhhm of he mambo i is also used in man oher sles. However, regardless of he sle in which i is used, his paern is referred o as he mambo bell paern. Mambo Bell and Clave 6 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

4 The Paerns SONGO The songo came o populari in Cuba in he 70 s and New York in he 80 s. I is credied o he group Los Van Van and in paricular o heir drummer José Luis Quinana known as Changuio. This is one of he paerns ha originall included drum ki. The rhhm has a loose feel and lends well o improvisaion. I has he abili o incorporae differen Afro-Cuban folkloric sles and funk. Songo Bass Drum Variaions Here is he songo wih exra bass drum srokes added. The are opional and are plaed or no, depending on he musical conex. ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) Songo wih Clave This paern has he clave plaed wih he righ hand. 8 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

5 THE CLAVE IN 9 We ll begin b wriing he rumba clave as a one bar paern. I will now be a single bar of 4/ insead of he more commonl used wo bars of 4/4. The reason for doing his is, o show ha he underling pulse in clave is he half noe. I is also he model used o creae he new clave. The Rumba Clave as a Two Bar Paern 4. Œ. Œ Œ 4 The Rumba Clave as a One Bar Paern 4. Œ. Œ Œ 4 The 9 Clave as a Two Bar Paern We now exend he clave b adding an exra sroke o he wo-side. This is shown iniiall b wriing he new clave as a wo bar paern, he second being a bar of 5/ Œ Œ Œ Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

6 The 9 Clave as a One Bar Paern Here we wrie he clave as one bar of 9/4 raher han a bar of 4/4 and a bar of 5/ Œ Œ Œ THE 4 / PULSE As explained in The Clave chaper he main pulse of clave is he half noe. The same applies o he 9 clave. However, because of he uneven amoun of quarer noes i canno be divided equall ino half noes. Hence he main pulse is four half noes and he las pulse is a quarer noe. To emphasie he main pulses (half noes), he ime signaure will be wrien as 4/ over, insead of 9/4. To feel he main 4/ pulse we coun on ever second quarer saing and on he final quarer noe o bring us back o one. Track 35 Main Pulse 3 4 and 4V The Clave and he Pulse The clave srokes reain he qualiies explained in The Clave chaper. However, now he las pulse lines up wih he final sroke of he clave. This gives boh he final pulse and he final sroke of he clave he quali of a pick-up, or a leading sroke, bringing ou back o he firs sroke of he clave. This pick-up has a feeling ha is similar o he accen known as ponche (see Son Clave ). Track 36 Anchor 4V. Bombo sroke Œ. ( Transiion Œ ) Anchor Leading sroke Œ Main Pulse 4 V 3 4 and 4 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

7 CASCARA IN 9 The following cascara paerns are buil from he 9 clave. Each paern includes he main pulse plaed on he hi-ha. Pa close aenion o he accens. Track 37 4V Cascara wih Clave Here he are again, bu now wih he clave and bombo added. 4V Track Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

8 Cascara and Conga Tumbao We coninue wih he cascara, adding an adapaion of he conga umbao. Track 39 4V The Two Handed Cascara Paern Anoher common device is o pla he cascara paern wih he righ hand and fill in he remaining eighh noes wih he lef hand. The rhhm has an even eighh noe feel, bu wih he original cascara accens in he righ hand. Track 40 R L R R L R L R R L R L R R L R R L Cascara Funk Here are funk applicaions of he wo handed cascara paern. The lef hand has been moved o he snare drum. The unaccened snare srokes are plaed pp. Track 4 L + 44 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

9 THE MAMBO BELL Now we move on o he mambo bell paern. Begin b plaing he paern wih us he pulse on he hi-ha wih our foo. The cowbell sroke on pulse one is onl plaed he firs ime, o make i easier o begin he paern. (s x onl) ( ) Mambo Bell wih Clave Add he clave and bass drum o he rhhm. Track 4 Mambo Bell wih Conga umbao Here is he mambo bell paern wih an adapaion of he conga umbao. (s x onl) ( ) Track Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

10 Basic Guaguanco in 9 Track 46 Guaguanco Variaions (mued) Track 47 4V 4V L + L + 47 Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

11 Guaguanco wih Cascara Here we replace he clave wih he cascara plaed on he side of he floor om. An of he above om variaions can be used wih his paern. Track 48 SONGO We begin wih he basic songo. This is he framework from which he following paerns are buil. The hand paern is viruall he same hroughou he firs se, wih he variaions plaed on he bass drum. Basic Songo Track 49 Songo Bass Drum Variaions Track 50 4V 48 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

12 The bass drum also plas in groups of 3 here. L + Songo wih Clave Track 53 Lef Hand Variaions wih Clave Again our righ hand plas he clave while lef hand plas around drums. In he second variaion he bass drum plas in groups of 3. Track 54 4V MOZAMBIQUE We begin his secion wih an applicaion of he sandard cowbell paern of he moambique. This can be applied o boh he Cuban and NY sles. In his case he paern is plaed on cowbells, bu i can also be plaed on one cowbell, using he high and low ones, of he bell. Tradiionall he moambique is plaed in a 3 clave direcion, bu in keeping wih he res of rhhms of he book i is presened here in Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

13 Moambique Bell Paern wih Clave Track 55 Moambique New York Sle The following paern is derived from he sle of moambique developed in he 60 s b New York musicians such as Eddie Palmieri and Mann Oquendo. I uses an applicaion of he sandard bell paern, plaed wih he righ hand, while he bass drum and lef hand ouline he clave. The accens should be plaed fore! Track 56 Cuban Sle Moambique In his secion he paerns are applicaions of he bombo drum paerns common o he Cuban sle moambique. The clave can be plaed wih eiher righ or lef hand. Track 57 4V Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

14 (Cuban Sle Moambique) Track 58 4V L + 3 TIMBA Track 59 The clave in he following imba paerns can be plaed wih eiher he righ or lef hand. 4V Track 60 5 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

15 4V Noe he bass drum is in groups of 3. 4V Track 6 GROUPINGS OF 3 Up o his poin we have divided he pulse for our 9 clave ino four groups of wo (half noes) and a one (quarer noe). This is he 4/ pulse. 3 4 and 9 4V 4 ( ) However, he 9 can also be divided evenl ino hree groups represened b doed half noes. This will be referred o as he 3 pulse B plaing boh pulses a he same ime we creae an ineresing polrhhm, which can be applied o our paerns. Pla he 4/ pulse on a cowbell while he 3 pulse is plaed on he bass drum. 53 Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

16 9/4 Polrhhm Track 6 Cowbell 9 4 () () (3) (4) (and) () () (3) The Pulse in 3 s Now we look a he clave and how i relaes o his polrhhm. The firs and las pulses of he 3 pulse fall wih anchor srokes of he clave, while he second falls evenl beween he second and hird pulse of he 4/ pulse. To hear his on he drum se, we will pla he clave while plaing he polrhhm wih our fee. The bass drum plas he 3 pulse, while he hi-ha plas he 4/ pulse. Track ΠThe Cascara wih Bass Drum in 3 Here we ake our cascara paern and add i o he group of 3 bass drum paern, while he hi-ha keeps he 4/ pulse. These paerns ake ime and effor o maser. Remember o sar slowl, ensuring each individual par is relaxed and accurae. Track The Cascara, Clave and Bass Drum Now add he clave o he cascara. Again le me sress he need o sar slowl, onl increasing he empo when ou are cerain ha he rhhm is accurae. Evenuall ou should be able o pla he rhhm while hearing all he individual paerns wihin i. 54 Odd Meer Clave Conor Guilfole

17 (The Cascara, Clave and Bass Drum) 4 9 Track 65 GROUPS OF 3 EIGHTH NOTES We can also divide our clave evenl ino 6. Here is he mah: There are 8 eighh noes in he 9 clave, which are divided ino 6 groups of 3 eighh noes. These groups are represened here as doed quarer noes. We call his our 6 pulse. The 6 Pulse / and 6 Polrhhm In he following exercise he 4/ pulse is plaed on he cowbell, while he bass drum plas he 6 pulse Π0 0 Track 66 The Bass Drum wih Clave Now we add he 9 clave o his polrhhm. The 4/ pulse is plaed wih he hi-ha, while he bass drum plas he 6 pulse. Make sure ou can hear all 3 voices individuall while plaing he paern. 4 9 Track Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave

18 CREATING YOUR OWN CLAVE The claves in his book are based on he 3 rumba model. Adusmens were made o eiher he 3-side or he -side o creae new claves. In he case of he 5 clave he 3-side was exended, while wih he 9 clave he -side was exended, and for he 7 clave he -side was reduced. Saing wih hese models here are oher devices we can use o creae new claves. DIRECTION As explained in he clave chaper, clave is a wo-sided paern and depending on he conex can begin on eiher side. This concep can also be applied o he odd meer model. B saring on he opposie side he odd meer clave has a ver differen feeling. This means he associaed paerns would also sar on ha side, giving he effec of a complee new se of rhhms. The 7 Clave in 3 Noe how he second pulse is shorened, similar o he final pulse in he 3 model. 3V -Side Œ. 3-Side Œ. Main Pulse 3 V and 3 73 Conor Guilfole Odd Meer Clave