Computing Seminar Introduction Oct
|
|
- Josephine Dean
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Computing Seminar Introduction Oct
2 Outline today Programming/computing basics terminology, high level concepts (variables, control flow, input/output) Before next week... Make sure you can login (windows or linux) Make sure MATLAB runs (windows desktop icon or type 'matlab' in a linux console window)
3 What is a 'computer language'? A description of a solution to a computational problem, using some specific format and syntax Computers are dumb the languages they natively understand are extremely primitive. Higher level languages will contain more complicated operations, and less restricted formatting The actual written text we call source code, code, piece of code,...
4 Language types Increasing Complexity Lowest Level = Machine code (what the CPU actually understands) Assembly Compiled Languages (C,C++,Fortran) Highest Level = Interpreted Languages (MATLAB, IDL, Python, Perl, etc...)
5 We won't talk about machine code/assembly they are far too low level for our purposes Compiled languages: Source code must be translated into machine code by a program called a compiler This translation process is non-interactive Note that machine code is never portable, and the source code is sometimes portable (e.g. between a Windows machine and a Linux machine) Errors can be very confusing (both at compile-time and at run-time) But, compiled code can have fast execution times. Needed for simulation and modeling
6 Interpreted languages: All interpreted languages have a program (the interpreter, or the shell ), which does 3 things: Reads a line of text, input by the user Parses the line and runs the associated programs Collects output from the programs, and displays or stores it somewhere This process is inherently interactive, and much more suitable for many scientific tasks (e.g. exploratory data analysis) Running a program in an interpreted language loads the text into the interpreter. (No compilation) The same program could be identically run interactively at the shell Errors are much easier to diagnose and correct
7 Summary points: Compiled language advantages: Speed Interpreted language advantages: Easier to debug (Almost) always portable Much more suitable for data analysis Most interpreters include huge numbers of useful additional programs (e.g., numerical algorithms, graphical plotting) Interactive shell is powerful in its own right, even without writing any programs
8 Generic Language Concepts Variables a text name containing a piece of data Program controls source code is always processed linearly, one line at a time controls allow branching or repetition I/O (input/output) how to get data in or out of the program We'll use pseudocode for examples of some of these e.g., not specific syntax for any particular language
9 Variables A Variable is a piece of data accessible by the shell, usable in a program. Variables have a name and a type. Specific languages have different restrictions on names (e.g., must start with an alphabetic character) Variable types: Numeric: integers, floating point Text: characters (or chars ) Logical: (0 or 1, true or false) also called booleans Structures: compound data types containing multiple of any of the above Assignment: MyVar = 2.01
10 Numeric types: Variable Types Integers can be signed, unsigned Integers have a limited range, fixed by the size: 16 bits for a short integer = bits for an unsigned short integer = bits for a long integer = 2.1B 2.1B, etc... Calculations that produce fractions are truncated if performed with integer variable: e.g., the fraction 19/10 will evaluate to 1. In general, integers are best used for variables representing counts of things, etc, and not data values
11 Variable Types Floating point has a much larger range: single precision (32 bits)= ± double precision (64 bits) = ± Can represent fractions: 19/10 will evaluate to 1.9. Measurement data is (almost) always floating point Although floating point numbers represent fractions, the actual internal representation still uses integers for example, in single precision, the value of pi is: = This is the reason for floating point round-off error Single precision roundoff error ~ 10 7, double ~ 10 16
12 Variable Types Characters are stored as 8-bit unsigned integers (ASCII) 65 = 'A', 66 = 'B', 48 = '0' Computer translates the integer values back to the coded characters for display More complicated text representations exist (Unicode) not used much in scientific settings
13 Variable Types Arrays: variables with multiple elements of the same time, in 1-D, 2-D, (must be rectangular) An array of chars is usually called a string Arrays must be rectangular (like a matrix in 2-D has a specific number of rows and columns) Refer to an array element with an integer index: MyArrayName(i), MyArrayName(i,j,k) Different languages have different syntax here: (k) vs [k], etc 0-ordered vs 1-ordered, etc.
14 Variable Types Structures: Compound data type, where each element has a name, and an arbitrary data type Each element is usually called a field, and the name is the fieldname, separated by a period: MyStruct.MyFieldName Example: a variable describing a surface station might have 3 fields: Station_Name (a string), Altitude (meters above sea level - a floating pt. number) Lat_Lon (degrees, a 2-element floating pt. array)
15 Program Control - Conditionals If / else: Execute a section of code if a certain condition is true, or execute a different section if false Conditional tests: equal, greater than, less than,... If MyVariable is equal to 5, Run some commands Else Run some other commands
16 Program Control - Loops for : Repeat a section of code a specified number of times while Repeat a section of code until a certain condition is met For each element in MyArray Compute a number based on the element. While there are outlier elements in MyArray Refit model and remove outlier(s)
17 Program control - I/O I/O directly from the shell: Input in this case means read values from user input automatic for interpreted languages Output means to print values back to the shell's console window I/O from files: Read values from a file on disk, and put them into variables; Or write the contents of variables into files
18 Program Control - Functions A piece of code that can be called - it has a name, and a list of input variables and output variables Similar to a mathematical function z = F(x,y) In general, input variables should not be changed (be careful about this one different languages may or may not enforce this) Variables inside functions have local scope
19 Program Flow with functions Define var1 Define var2 Running some commands... newvar = MyFunc(var1,var2) Running more commands... Creating some files Printing to console... Inside MyFunc: Gets var1 and var2 From the caller... Define localvar Run an algorithm using var1, var2, and localvar, results in newvar. Send newvar back to caller
20 Variable Scope: Variables inside MyFunc are local, and do not exist in the caller MyFunc should not modify var1, var2 (some languages automatically prevent that behavior) Define var1 Define var2 Running some commands... newvar = MyFunc(var1,var2) Running more commands... Creating some files Printing to console... Inside MyFunc: Gets var1 and var2 From the caller... Define localvar Run an algorithm using var1, var2, and localvar, results in newvar. Send newvar back to caller
21 Why use functions? Isn't that more complicated than one single, linear program? Yes, a little, but: Sometimes useful to hide local variables Functions can be re-used Locating bugs is easier with shorter, well-designed functions (rather than one monolithic program) Well documented functions can be easily used by others Breaks large implementation tasks into smaller more manageable ones
22 Really simple example: Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: Think about how this is translated into pseudocode
23 Really simple example: Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius: Think about how this is translated into pseudocode: Get input values in degrees F Convert from F to C (subtract 32, multiply 5/9) Send degrees C values to output
24 Less simple example: With a single atmospheric sounding (temperature and dewpoint temperature as a function of pressure), compute the relative humidity at 800 hpa
25 Less simple example:
26 Less simple example: Read sounding data from file If needed, convert units If needed, interpolate T and DP to 800 hpa Compute saturation vapor pressure at T and DP RH = vapor pressure at DP / vapor pressure at T Send output to return variable (or print to console, output file...?)
C-1. Overview. CSE 142 Computer Programming I. Review: Computer Organization. Review: Memory. Declaring Variables. Memory example
CSE 142 Computer Programming I Variables Overview Concepts this lecture: Variables Declarations Identifiers and Reserved Words Types Expressions Assignment statement Variable initialization 2000 UW CSE
More informationComputing and compilers
Computing and compilers Comp Sci 1570 to Outline 1 2 3 4 5 Evaluate the difference between hardware and software Find out about the various types of software Get a high level understanding of how program
More informationCSI32 Object-Oriented Programming
Outline Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Bronx Community College February 2, 2015 Outline Outline 1 Chapter 1 Cornerstones of Computing Textbook Object-Oriented Programming in Python Goldwasser
More informationObject-oriented programming. and data-structures CS/ENGRD 2110 SUMMER 2018
Object-oriented programming 1 and data-structures CS/ENGRD 2110 SUMMER 2018 Lecture 1: Types and Control Flow http://courses.cs.cornell.edu/cs2110/2018su Lecture 1 Outline 2 Languages Overview Imperative
More informationIntroduction to Programming: Variables and Objects. HORT Lecture 7 Instructor: Kranthi Varala
Introduction to Programming: Variables and Objects HORT 59000 Lecture 7 Instructor: Kranthi Varala What is a program? A set of instructions to the computer that perform a specified task in a specified
More informationCOS 140: Foundations of Computer Science
COS 140: Foundations of Computer Science Variables and Primitive Data Types Fall 2017 Introduction 3 What is a variable?......................................................... 3 Variable attributes..........................................................
More informationChapter 1 Getting Started
Chapter 1 Getting Started The C# class Just like all object oriented programming languages, C# supports the concept of a class. A class is a little like a data structure in that it aggregates different
More informationCOMP 202 Java in one week
COMP 202 Java in one week... Continued CONTENTS: Return to material from previous lecture At-home programming exercises Please Do Ask Questions It's perfectly normal not to understand everything Most of
More informationIntro to Programming. Unit 7. What is Programming? What is Programming? Intro to Programming
Intro to Programming Unit 7 Intro to Programming 1 What is Programming? 1. Programming Languages 2. Markup vs. Programming 1. Introduction 2. Print Statement 3. Strings 4. Types and Values 5. Math Externals
More informationArithmetic type issues
Arithmetic type issues Type combination and promotion ( a 32) = 97 32 = 65 = A Smaller type (char) is promoted to be the same size as the larger type (int) Determined at compile time - based purely on
More informationCSE / ENGR 142 Programming I
CSE / ENGR 142 Programming I Variables, Values, and Types Chapter 2 Overview Chapter 2: Read Sections 2.1-2.6, 2.8. Long chapter, short snippets on many topics Later chapters fill in detail Specifically:
More information(I m not printing out these notes! Take your own.)
PT1420 Week 2: Software Program Design I (I m not printing out these notes! Take your own.) Today we'll be discussing designing programs: Algorithms and errors Flowcharts and pseudocode Sequence structures
More informationIn Java, data type boolean is used to represent Boolean data. Each boolean constant or variable can contain one of two values: true or false.
CS101, Mock Boolean Conditions, If-Then Boolean Expressions and Conditions The physical order of a program is the order in which the statements are listed. The logical order of a program is the order in
More informationSKILL AREA 304: Review Programming Language Concept. Computer Programming (YPG)
SKILL AREA 304: Review Programming Language Concept Computer Programming (YPG) 304.1 Demonstrate an Understanding of Basic of Programming Language 304.1.1 Explain the purpose of computer program 304.1.2
More informationGetting Started with Python
Fundamentals of Programming (Python) Getting Started with Python Sina Sajadmanesh Sharif University of Technology Some slides have been adapted from Python Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science
More informationNumerical Methods in Scientific Computation
Numerical Methods in Scientific Computation Programming and Software Introduction to error analysis 1 Packages vs. Programming Packages MATLAB Excel Mathematica Maple Packages do the work for you Most
More informationControl Structures. Lecture 4 COP 3014 Fall September 18, 2017
Control Structures Lecture 4 COP 3014 Fall 2017 September 18, 2017 Control Flow Control flow refers to the specification of the order in which the individual statements, instructions or function calls
More informationAnnotation Annotation or block comments Provide high-level description and documentation of section of code More detail than simple comments
Variables, Data Types, and More Introduction In this lesson will introduce and study C annotation and comments C variables Identifiers C data types First thoughts on good coding style Declarations vs.
More informationCOS 140: Foundations of Computer Science
COS 140: Foundations of Variables and Primitive Data Types Fall 2017 Copyright c 2002 2017 UMaine School of Computing and Information S 1 / 29 Homework Reading: Chapter 16 Homework: Exercises at end of
More informationECOM 2325 Computer Organization and Assembly Language. Instructor: Ruba A.Salamah INTRODUCTION
ECOM 2325 Computer Organization and Assembly Language Instructor: Ruba A.Salamah INTRODUCTION Overview Welcome to ECOM 2325 Assembly-, Machine-, and High-Level Languages Assembly Language Programming Tools
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C C: A High-Level Language Gives symbolic names for containers of values don t need to know which register or memory location Provides abstraction of underlying
More informationIntroduction to Programming Using Java (98-388)
Introduction to Programming Using Java (98-388) Understand Java fundamentals Describe the use of main in a Java application Signature of main, why it is static; how to consume an instance of your own class;
More informationOutline. Review of Last Week II. Review of Last Week. Computer Memory. Review Variables and Memory. February 7, Data Types
Data Types Declarations and Initializations Larry Caretto Computer Science 16 Computing in Engineering and Science February 7, 25 Outline Review last week Meaning of data types Integer data types have
More informationComponents of programming
Components of programming What is a program? A computer program is a sequence of instructions written to perform a specified task with a computer (Wikipedia) Compiled versus interpreted programs Programs
More informationObjectives. Chapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection) Objectives (cont d.) Control Structures. Control Structures (cont d.) Relational Operators
Objectives Chapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection) In this chapter, you will: Learn about control structures Examine relational and logical operators Explore how to form and evaluate logical (Boolean)
More informationTOPIC 2 INTRODUCTION TO JAVA AND DR JAVA
1 TOPIC 2 INTRODUCTION TO JAVA AND DR JAVA Notes adapted from Introduction to Computing and Programming with Java: A Multimedia Approach by M. Guzdial and B. Ericson, and instructor materials prepared
More informationFull file at
Java Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, 3 rd Edition 2-1 Chapter 2 Basic Elements of Java At a Glance Instructor s Manual Table of Contents Overview Objectives s Quick Quizzes Class
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C Original slides from Gregory Byrd, North Carolina State University Modified slides by Chris Wilcox, Colorado State University C: A High-Level Language! Gives
More informationIntroduction to Scientific Computing
Introduction to Scientific Computing Dr Hanno Rein Last updated: October 12, 2018 1 Computers A computer is a machine which can perform a set of calculations. The purpose of this course is to give you
More informationTopics. Hardware and Software. Introduction. Main Memory. The CPU 9/21/2014. Introduction to Computers and Programming
Topics C H A P T E R 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming Introduction Hardware and Software How Computers Store Data Using Python Introduction Computers can be programmed Designed to do any job
More informationPython Input, output and variables. Lecture 23 COMPSCI111/111G SS 2018
Python Input, output and variables Lecture 23 COMPSCI111/111G SS 2018 1 Today s lecture What is Python? Displaying text on screen using print() Variables Numbers and basic arithmetic Getting input from
More informationCS2900 Introductory Programming with Python and C++ Kevin Squire LtCol Joel Young Fall 2007
CS2900 Introductory Programming with Python and C++ Kevin Squire LtCol Joel Young Fall 2007 Course Web Site http://www.nps.navy.mil/cs/facultypages/squire/cs2900 All course related materials will be posted
More informationMATLAB Part 1 Oct
MATLAB Part 1 Oct 13 2010 1 Rough schedule First week, MATLAB as calculator : basics, MATLABspecific syntax, MATLAB command line (the MATLAB shell ) Second week, programming in MATLAB : more detail about
More informationFundamentals of Programming (Python) Getting Started with Programming
Fundamentals of Programming (Python) Getting Started with Programming Ali Taheri Sharif University of Technology Some slides have been adapted from Python Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science
More informationChapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection) Objectives. Objectives (cont d.) Control Structures. Control Structures (cont d.
Chapter 4: Control Structures I (Selection) In this chapter, you will: Objectives Learn about control structures Examine relational and logical operators Explore how to form and evaluate logical (Boolean)
More informationSelec%on and Decision Structures in Java: If Statements and Switch Statements CSC 121 Fall 2016 Howard Rosenthal
Selec%on and Decision Structures in Java: If Statements and Switch Statements CSC 121 Fall 2016 Howard Rosenthal Lesson Goals Understand Control Structures Understand how to control the flow of a program
More informationEXPRESSIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CITS1001
EXPRESSIONS AND ASSIGNMENT CITS1001 Scope of this lecture Assignment statements Expressions ASSIGNMENT STATEMENT Assignment Statements!!!mark = 50;!! Read as the value in variable on the LHS becomes equal
More informationDeclaration and Memory
Declaration and Memory With the declaration int width; the compiler will set aside a 4-byte (32-bit) block of memory (see right) The compiler has a symbol table, which will have an entry such as Identifier
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C Original slides from Gregory Byrd, North Carolina State University Modified by Chris Wilcox, Yashwant Malaiya Colorado State University C: A High-Level Language
More informationCS313D: ADVANCED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
CS313D: ADVANCED PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE Computer Science department Lecture 2 : C# Language Basics Lecture Contents 2 The C# language First program Variables and constants Input/output Expressions and casting
More informationSTUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations
STUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations Java Curriculum for AP Computer Science, Student Lesson A12 1 STUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations INTRODUCTION: Solving problems on a computer very often requires a repetition of
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
C: A High-Level Language Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C Original slides from Gregory Byrd, North Carolina State University Modified slides by Chris Wilcox, Colorado State University! Gives
More informationWEEK 4 OPERATORS, EXPRESSIONS AND STATEMENTS
WEEK 4 OPERATORS, EXPRESSIONS AND STATEMENTS OPERATORS Review: Data values can appear as literals or be stored in variables/constants Data values can be returned by method calls Operators: special symbols
More informationCOP 1220 Introduction to Programming in C++ Course Justification
Course Justification This course is a required first programming C++ course in the following degrees: Associate of Arts in Computer Science, Associate in Science: Computer Programming and Analysis; Game
More informationCS-211 Fall 2017 Test 1 Version Practice For Test on Oct. 2, Name:
CS-211 Fall 2017 Test 1 Version Practice For Test on Oct. 2, 2017 True/False Questions... Name: 1. (10 points) For the following, Check T if the statement is true, the F if the statement is false. (a)
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C C: A High-Level Language Gives symbolic names to values don t need to know which register or memory location Provides abstraction of underlying hardware operations
More informationPython for Non-programmers
Python for Non-programmers A Gentle Introduction 1 Yann Tambouret Scientific Computing and Visualization Information Services & Technology Boston University 111 Cummington St. yannpaul@bu.edu Winter 2013
More informationData Representation 1
1 Data Representation Outline Binary Numbers Adding Binary Numbers Negative Integers Other Operations with Binary Numbers Floating Point Numbers Character Representation Image Representation Sound Representation
More informationLecture 2. Examples of Software. Programming and Data Structure. Programming Languages. Operating Systems. Sudeshna Sarkar
Examples of Software Programming and Data Structure Lecture 2 Sudeshna Sarkar Read an integer and determine if it is a prime number. A Palindrome recognizer Read in airline route information as a matrix
More informationFlow of Control. Flow of control The order in which statements are executed. Transfer of control
1 Programming in C Flow of Control Flow of control The order in which statements are executed Transfer of control When the next statement executed is not the next one in sequence 2 Flow of Control Control
More informationBasic data types. Building blocks of computation
Basic data types Building blocks of computation Goals By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Understand the commonly used basic data types of C++ including Characters Integers Floating-point values
More informationV2 2/4/ Ch Programming in C. Flow of Control. Flow of Control. Flow of control The order in which statements are executed
Programming in C 1 Flow of Control Flow of control The order in which statements are executed Transfer of control When the next statement executed is not the next one in sequence 2 Flow of Control Control
More informationChapter 2: Operating-System Structures. Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on
Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Operating System Concepts 9 th Edit9on Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2013 Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures 1. Operating System Services 2. User Operating System
More informationSECTION 1: INTRODUCTION. ENGR 112 Introduction to Engineering Computing
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ENGR 112 Introduction to Engineering Computing 2 Course Overview What is Programming? 3 Programming The implementation of algorithms in a particular computer programming language
More informationUnit 3. Constants and Expressions
1 Unit 3 Constants and Expressions 2 Review C Integer Data Types Integer Types (signed by default unsigned with optional leading keyword) C Type Bytes Bits Signed Range Unsigned Range [unsigned] char 1
More informationCOMS 469: Interactive Media II
COMS 469: Interactive Media II Agenda Review Data Types & Variables Decisions, Loops, and Functions Review gunkelweb.com/coms469 Review Basic Terminology Computer Languages Interpreted vs. Compiled Client
More information7/8/10 KEY CONCEPTS. Problem COMP 10 EXPLORING COMPUTER SCIENCE. Algorithm. Lecture 2 Variables, Types, and Programs. Program PROBLEM SOLVING
KEY CONCEPTS COMP 10 EXPLORING COMPUTER SCIENCE Lecture 2 Variables, Types, and Programs Problem Definition of task to be performed (by a computer) Algorithm A particular sequence of steps that will solve
More informationBits, Words, and Integers
Computer Science 52 Bits, Words, and Integers Spring Semester, 2017 In this document, we look at how bits are organized into meaningful data. In particular, we will see the details of how integers are
More information1 Introduction Java, the beginning Java Virtual Machine A First Program BlueJ Raspberry Pi...
Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Java, the beginning.......................... 3 1.2 Java Virtual Machine........................ 4 1.3 A First Program........................... 4 1.4 BlueJ.................................
More informationCS1 Lecture 5 Jan. 25, 2019
CS1 Lecture 5 Jan. 25, 2019 HW1 due Monday, 9:00am. Notes: Do not write all the code at once before starting to test. Take tiny steps. Write a few lines test... add a line or two test... add another line
More informationSoftware Development. Integrated Software Environment
Software Development Integrated Software Environment Source Code vs. Machine Code What is source code? Source code and object code refer to the "before" and "after" versions of a computer program that
More informationChapter 2 Working with Data Types and Operators
JavaScript, Fourth Edition 2-1 Chapter 2 Working with Data Types and Operators At a Glance Instructor s Manual Table of Contents Overview Objectives Teaching Tips Quick Quizzes Class Discussion Topics
More information2. First Program Stuff
CSE 232 First Midterm, Overview: 1. Getting Started 1. we got started 2. First Program Stuff 1. Compiler vs. Intepreter a. do you know all the steps to create an executable? 2. Variables are declared a.
More informationProgramming Lecture 3
Programming Lecture 3 Expressions (Chapter 3) Primitive types Aside: Context Free Grammars Constants, variables Identifiers Variable declarations Arithmetic expressions Operator precedence Assignment statements
More informationThese are notes for the third lecture; if statements and loops.
These are notes for the third lecture; if statements and loops. 1 Yeah, this is going to be the second slide in a lot of lectures. 2 - Dominant language for desktop application development - Most modern
More informationPython Input, output and variables
Today s lecture Python Input, output and variables Lecture 22 COMPSCI111/111G SS 2016! What is Python?! Displaying text on screen using print()! Variables! Numbers and basic arithmetic! Getting input from
More informationChapter 3: Programming with MATLAB
Chapter 3: Programming with MATLAB Choi Hae Jin Chapter Objectives q Learning how to create well-documented M-files in the edit window and invoke them from the command window. q Understanding how script
More informationAPSC 160 Review. CPSC 259: Data Structures and Algorithms for Electrical Engineers. Hassan Khosravi Borrowing many questions from Ed Knorr
CPSC 259: Data Structures and Algorithms for Electrical Engineers APSC 160 Review Hassan Khosravi Borrowing many questions from Ed Knorr CPSC 259 Pointers Page 1 Learning Goal Briefly review some key programming
More informationProgramming. We will be introducing various new elements of Python and using them to solve increasingly interesting and complex problems.
Plan for the rest of the semester: Programming We will be introducing various new elements of Python and using them to solve increasingly interesting and complex problems. We saw earlier that computers
More informationPython Input, output and variables. Lecture 22 COMPSCI111/111G SS 2016
Python Input, output and variables Lecture 22 COMPSCI111/111G SS 2016 Today s lecture u What is Python? u Displaying text on screen using print() u Variables u Numbers and basic arithmetic u Getting input
More informationExercises: Instructions and Advice
Instructions Exercises: Instructions and Advice The exercises in this course are primarily practical programming tasks that are designed to help the student master the intellectual content of the subjects
More informationComputational Physics Operating systems
Computational Physics numerical methods with C++ (and UNIX) 2018-19 Fernando Barao Instituto Superior Tecnico, Dep. Fisica email: fernando.barao@tecnico.ulisboa.pt Computational Physics 2018-19 (Phys Dep
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C C: A High-Level Language Gives symbolic names to values don t need to know which register or memory location Provides abstraction of underlying hardware operations
More informationModule 3 SELECTION STRUCTURES 2/15/19 CSE 1321 MODULE 3 1
Module 3 SELECTION STRUCTURES 2/15/19 CSE 1321 MODULE 3 1 Motivation In the programs we have written thus far, statements are executed one after the other, in the order in which they appear. Programs often
More information1 Week 1: Basics of scientific programming I
MTH739N/P/U: Topics in Scientific Computing Autumn 2016 1 Week 1: Basics of scientific programming I 1.1 Introduction The aim of this course is use computing software platforms to solve scientific and
More informationCOMP-202: Foundations of Programming. Lecture 2: Variables, and Data Types Sandeep Manjanna, Summer 2015
COMP-202: Foundations of Programming Lecture 2: Variables, and Data Types Sandeep Manjanna, Summer 2015 Announcements Midterm Exams on 4 th of June (12:35 14:35) Room allocation will be announced soon
More informationPrinciples of Programming Languages. Lecture Outline
Principles of Programming Languages CS 492 Lecture 1 Based on Notes by William Albritton 1 Lecture Outline Reasons for studying concepts of programming languages Programming domains Language evaluation
More informationCondition Controlled Loops. Introduction to Programming - Python
+ Condition Controlled Loops Introduction to Programming - Python + Repetition Structures n Programmers commonly find that they need to write code that performs the same task over and over again + Example:
More informationC++ Data Types. 1 Simple C++ Data Types 2. 3 Numeric Types Integers (whole numbers) Decimal Numbers... 5
C++ Data Types Contents 1 Simple C++ Data Types 2 2 Quick Note About Representations 3 3 Numeric Types 4 3.1 Integers (whole numbers)............................................ 4 3.2 Decimal Numbers.................................................
More informationMaciej Sobieraj. Lecture 1
Maciej Sobieraj Lecture 1 Outline 1. Introduction to computer programming 2. Advanced flow control and data aggregates Your first program First we need to define our expectations for the program. They
More informationMotivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
A History Lesson C Basics 1 Development of language by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs culminated in the C language in 1972. Motivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
More information8/16/12. Computer Organization. Architecture. Computer Organization. Computer Basics
Computer Organization Computer Basics TOPICS Computer Organization Data Representation Program Execution Computer Languages 1 2 Architecture Computer Organization n central-processing unit n performs the
More informationProgramming Fundamentals
Programming Fundamentals Computers are really very dumb machines -- they only do what they are told to do. Most computers perform their operations on a very primitive level. The basic operations of a computer
More informationUnit II. (i) Computer Programming Languages
Unit II. (i) Computer Programming Languages Need of a computer programming language: A programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate instructions to a computer. Thousands of different
More informationBasics of Computation. PHY 604:Computational Methods in Physics and Astrophysics II
Basics of Computation Basics of Computation Computers store information and allow us to operate on it. That's basically it. Computers have finite memory, so it is not possible to store the infinite range
More informationIntroduction to Programming for Biology Research
Introduction to Programming for Biology Research Introduction to MATLAB: part I MATLAB Basics - The interface - Variables/arrays/matrices - Conditional statements - Loops (for and while) MATLAB: The
More informationCOSC121: Computer Systems: Runtime Stack
COSC121: Computer Systems: Runtime Stack Jeremy Bolton, PhD Assistant Teaching Professor Constructed using materials: - Patt and Patel Introduction to Computing Systems (2nd) - Patterson and Hennessy Computer
More informationChapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C
C: A High-Level Language Chapter 11 Introduction to Programming in C Original slides from Gregory Byrd, North Carolina State University Modified slides by Chris Wilcox, Colorado State University Gives
More informationReview: Exam 1. Your First C++ Program. Declaration Statements. Tells the compiler. Examples of declaration statements
Review: Exam 1 9/20/06 CS150 Introduction to Computer Science 1 1 Your First C++ Program 1 //*********************************************************** 2 // File name: hello.cpp 3 // Author: Shereen Khoja
More informationLecture 5: C programming
CSCI-GA.1144-001 PAC II Lecture 5: C programming Mohamed Zahran (aka Z) mzahran@cs.nyu.edu http://www.mzahran.com Brian Kernighan Dennis Ritchie In 1972 Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs writes C and in 1978
More informationChapter 1. Introduction to Computers and Programming. M hiwa ahmad aziz
. Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and Programming www.raparinweb.com M hiwa ahmad aziz 1 Ch 1 - Introduction to Computers and Programming Hardware Terminology Main Memory Auxiliary Memory Drives Writing
More informationPrinceton University. Computer Science 217: Introduction to Programming Systems. Data Types in C
Princeton University Computer Science 217: Introduction to Programming Systems Data Types in C 1 Goals of C Designers wanted C to: Support system programming Be low-level Be easy for people to handle But
More informationChapter 3. More Flow of Control. Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Chapter 3 More Flow of Control Overview 3.1 Using Boolean Expressions 3.2 Multiway Branches 3.3 More about C++ Loop Statements 3.4 Designing Loops Slide 3-3 Flow Of Control Flow of control refers to the
More information6. Control Statements II
Visibility Declaration in a block is not visible outside of the block. 6. Control Statements II Visibility, Local Variables, While Statement, Do Statement, Jump Statements main block int main () int i
More informationLanguage Reference Manual simplicity
Language Reference Manual simplicity Course: COMS S4115 Professor: Dr. Stephen Edwards TA: Graham Gobieski Date: July 20, 2016 Group members Rui Gu rg2970 Adam Hadar anh2130 Zachary Moffitt znm2104 Suzanna
More informationNumerical Methods in Physics. Lecture 1 Intro & IEEE Variable Types and Arithmetic
Variable types Numerical Methods in Physics Lecture 1 Intro & IEEE Variable Types and Arithmetic Pat Scott Department of Physics, Imperial College November 1, 2016 Slides available from http://astro.ic.ac.uk/pscott/
More informationProgramming Language 2 (PL2)
Programming Language 2 (PL2) 337.1.1 - Explain rules for constructing various variable types of language 337.1.2 Identify the use of arithmetical and logical operators 337.1.3 Explain the rules of language
More informationFundamentals: Expressions and Assignment
Fundamentals: Expressions and Assignment A typical Python program is made up of one or more statements, which are executed, or run, by a Python console (also known as a shell) for their side effects e.g,
More informationVariables, expressions and statements
Variables, expressions and statements 2.1. Values and data types A value is one of the fundamental things like a letter or a number that a program manipulates. The values we have seen so far are 2 (the
More informationCS 112 Introduction to Programming
CS 112 Introduction to Programming Java Primitive Data Types; Arithmetic Expressions Yang (Richard) Yang Computer Science Department Yale University 308A Watson, Phone: 432-6400 Email: yry@cs.yale.edu
More information