Autotools and GNU Build system
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1 Autotools and GNU Build system YAKA 2008 EPITA 12/12/2006 YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 1 / 13
2 Licence Copying is allowed Copyright c 2006 Benoit Sigoure Copyright c 2006 Alexandre Duret-Lutz Trivial source code examples displayed in this tutorial (such as the C files, Makefile.ams, and configure.acs of all the amhello projects) can be reused as if they were in the public domain. YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 2 / 13
3 Outline 1 Why use autotools? 2 YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 3 / 13
4 Deal with portability issues Consider C functions that do not exist everywhere (e.g., setenv) that have different names (e.g., strchr() vs. index()) that have varying prototypes (e.g., int setpgrp(void); vs. int setpgrp(int, int);) that can behave differently (e.g., malloc(0);, free(null);) that might require other libraries (is pow() in libm.so or in libc.so?) that can be defined in different headers (string.h vs. strings.h vs. memory.h) How to handle that? YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 4 / 13
5 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
6 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
7 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
8 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
9 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
10 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
11 Standard build systems People are used to a standard installation procedure: % tar zxf amhello-1.0.tar.gz % cd amhello-1.0 /amhello-1.0 %./configure /amhello-1.0 % make /amhello-1.0 % make check /amhello-1.0 % su Password: /amhello-1.0 # make install YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 6 / 13
12 Standard targets You don t want to bother to create all these rules: make install Install what needs to be installed. make uninstall The opposite of make install. make clean Erase what has been built (the opposite of make all ). make distclean Additionally erase anything./configure created. make check Run the test suite, if any. make distcheck Check the tarball is complete and that VPATH builds work. make dist Create PACKAGE-VERSION.tar.gz. YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 7 / 13
13 Generate your build system The autotools help you generate a complete build system. autoconf and automake are the central tools. autoconf Generates your (portable) configure script. Provides a comprehensive library of tests. automake Generates your (portable) Makefiles. Provides your build system with all the standard rules. YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 8 / 13
14 1 Why use autotools? 2 YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 9 / 13
15 Hello world. Makefile.am src/ Makefile.am configure.ac automake autoconf Makefile.in src/ Makefile.in configure Makefile src/ Makefile YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 10 / 13
16 Hello world. Makefile.am src/ Makefile.am configure.ac automake autoconf Makefile.in src/ Makefile.in configure Makefile src/ Makefile YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 10 / 13
17 Hello world. Makefile.am src/ Makefile.am configure.ac automake autoconf Makefile.in src/ Makefile.in configure Makefile src/ Makefile YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 10 / 13
18 Hello world. Makefile.am src/ Makefile.am configure.ac automake autoconf Makefile.in src/ Makefile.in configure Makefile src/ Makefile YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 10 / 13
19 Autotools Inputs configure.ac AC_INIT([amhello], [1.0], AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([ -Wall -Werror foreign]) AC_PROG_CC AC_CONFIG_FILES([ Makefile src/makefile ]) AC_OUTPUT Makefile.am SUBDIRS = src EXTRA_DIST = AUTHORS src/ Makefile.am bin_programs = hello hello_sources = main.c \ hello.h bootstrap #! /bin/sh autoreconf -f -v -i YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 12 / 13
20 Autotools Inputs configure.ac AC_INIT([amhello], [1.0], AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([ -Wall -Werror foreign]) AC_PROG_CC AC_CONFIG_FILES([ Makefile src/makefile ]) AC_OUTPUT Makefile.am SUBDIRS = src EXTRA_DIST = AUTHORS src/ Makefile.am bin_programs = hello hello_sources = main.c \ hello.h bootstrap #! /bin/sh autoreconf -f -v -i YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 12 / 13
21 Autotools Inputs configure.ac AC_INIT([amhello], [1.0], AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([ -Wall -Werror foreign]) AC_PROG_CC AC_CONFIG_FILES([ Makefile src/makefile ]) AC_OUTPUT Makefile.am SUBDIRS = src EXTRA_DIST = AUTHORS src/ Makefile.am bin_programs = hello hello_sources = main.c \ hello.h bootstrap #! /bin/sh autoreconf -f -v -i YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 12 / 13
22 Autotools Inputs configure.ac AC_INIT([amhello], [1.0], AC_CONFIG_AUX_DIR([build-aux]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE([ -Wall -Werror foreign]) AC_PROG_CC AC_CONFIG_FILES([ Makefile src/makefile ]) AC_OUTPUT Makefile.am SUBDIRS = src EXTRA_DIST = AUTHORS src/ Makefile.am bin_programs = hello hello_sources = main.c \ hello.h bootstrap #! /bin/sh autoreconf -f -v -i YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 12 / 13
23 Links THE ultimate tutorial: Duret-Lutz/autotools.html YAKA 2008 (EPITA) Autotools and GNU Build system Page 13 / 13
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