An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition. Chapter 7 The Repetition Structure
|
|
|
- Cori Small
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition Chapter 7 The Repetition Structure
2 Objectives Differentiate between a pretest loop and a posttest loop Include a pretest loop in pseudocode Include a pretest loop in a flowchart Code a pretest loop using the C++ while statement Utilize counter and accumulator variables Code a pretest loop using the C++ for statement An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 2
3 Repeating Program Instructions The repetition structure, or loop, processes one or more instructions repeatedly Every loop contains a Boolean condition that controls whether the instructions are repeated A looping condition says whether to continue looping through instructions A loop exit condition says whether to stop looping through the instructions Every looping condition can be expressed as a loop exit condition (its opposite) An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 3
4 Repeating Program Instructions (cont d.) C++ uses looping conditions in repetition structures A repetition structure can be pretest or posttest In a pretest loop, the condition is evaluated before the instructions in the loop are processed In a posttest loop, the condition is evaluated after the instructions in the loop are processed In both cases, the condition is evaluated with each repetition An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 4
5 Repeating Program Instructions (cont d.) The instructions in a posttest loop will always be processed at least once Instructions in a pretest loop may not be processed if the condition initially evaluates to false The repeatable instructions in a loop are called the loop body The condition in a loop must evaluate to a Boolean value An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 5
6 Repeating Program Instructions (cont d.) Figure 7-1 A problem that requires the sequence structure only An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 6
7 Repeating Program Instructions (cont d.) Figure 7-2 A problem that requires the sequence and repetition structures An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 7
8 Using a Pretest Loop to Solve a Real- World Problem Most loops have a condition and a loop body Some loops require the user to enter a special sentinel value to end the loop Sentinel values should be easily distinguishable from the valid data recognized by the program When a loop s condition evaluates to true, the instructions in the loop body are processed Otherwise, the instructions are skipped and processing continues with the first instruction after the loop An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 8
9 Using a Pretest Loop to Solve a Real- World Problem (cont.) After each processing of the loop body (iteration), the loop s condition is reevaluated to determine if the instructions should be processed again A priming read is an instruction that appears before a loop and is used to set up the loop with an initial value entered by the user An update read is an instruction that appears within a loop that allows the user to enter a new value at each iteration of the loop An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 9
10 Using a Pretest Loop to Solve a Real- World Problem (cont d.) Figure 7-3 Problem specification and IPO chart for the Carroll Cabinets program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 10
11 Figure 7-4 Problem specification and IPO chart for the Miller Incorporated program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 11
12 Using a Pretest Loop to Solve a Real- World Problem (cont d.) Figure 7-5 Components of the algorithm from Figure 7-4 An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 12
13 Flowcharting a Pretest Loop The diamond symbol in a flowchart is the decision symbol represents repetition structures A diamond representing a repetition structure contains a Boolean condition The condition determines whether the instructions in the loop are processed A diamond representing a repetition structure has one flowline leading into it and two leading out An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 13
14 Flowcharting a Pretest Loop (cont d.) The flowlines leading out are marked T (true) and F (false) The T line points to loop body The F line points to the instructions to be processed if the loop s condition evaluates to false The flowline entering the diamond and symbols and flowlines of the true path form a circle, or loop This distinguishes a repetition structure from a selection structure in a flowchart An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 14
15 Flowcharting a Pretest Loop (cont d.) Figure 7-6 Miller Incorporated algorithm shown in flowchart form An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 15
16 Flowcharting a Pretest Loop (cont d.) Figure 7-7 Input and output items entered in the desk-check table Figure 7-8 First sales amount recorded in the desk-check table Figure 7-9 First salesperson s bonus information recorded in the desk-check table An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 16
17 Flowcharting a Pretest Loop (cont d.) Figure 7-10 Second salesperson s information recorded in the desk-check table Figure 7-11 Completed desk-check table An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 17
18 The while Statement You can use the while statement to code a pretest loop in C++ Syntax is: while (condition) one statement or a statement block to be processed as long as the condition is true Must supply looping condition (Boolean expression) Condition can contain constants, variables, functions, arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and logical operators An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 18
19 The while Statement (cont d.) Must also provide loop body statements, which are processed repeatedly as long as condition is true If more than one statement in loop body, must be entered as a statement block (enclosed in braces) Can include braces even if there is only one statement in the statement block Good programming practice to include a comment, such as //end while, to mark the end of the while statement An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 19
20 The while Statement (cont d.) A loop whose instructions are processed indefinitely is called an infinite loop or endless loop You can usually stop a program that has entered an infinite loop by pressing Ctrl+c An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 20
21 The while Statement (cont d.) Figure 7-12 How to use the while statement An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 21
22 The while Statement (cont d.) Figure 7-12 How to use the while statement (cont d.) An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 22
23 Figure 7-13 IPO chart information and C++ instructions for the Miller Incorporated program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 23
24 The while Statement (cont d.) Figure 7-14 A sample run of the Miller Incorporated program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 24
25 Using Counters and Accumulators Some problems require you to calculate a total or average To do this, you use a counter, accumulator, or both A counter is a numeric variable used for counting something An accumulator is a numeric variable used for accumulating (adding together) multiple values Two tasks are associated with counters and accumulators: initializing and updating An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 25
26 Using Counters and Accumulators (cont d.) Initializing means assigning a beginning value to a counter or accumulator (usually 0) happens once, before the loop is processed Updating (or incrementing) means adding a number to the value of a counter or accumulator A counter is updated by a constant value (usually 1) An accumulator is updated by a value that varies Update statements are placed in the body of a loop since they must be performed at each iteration An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 26
27 The Sales Express Program Example problem and program solution (following slides) Program takes in a sequence of sales amounts from the keyboard and outputs their average Uses a counter to keep track of the number of sales entered and an accumulator to keep track of the total sales Both are initialized to 0 The loop ends when the user enters a sentinel value (-1) An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 27
28 The Sales Express Program (cont d.) Figure 7-15 Problem specification for the Sales Express program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 28
29 Figure 7-15 IPO chart information and C++ instructions for the Sales Express program (part 1) An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 29
30 The Sales Express Program (cont d.) Figure 7-15 IPO chart information and C++ instructions for the Sales Express program (part 2) An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 30
31 The Sales Express Program (cont d.) Figure 7-16 Desk-check table after the first sales amount is entered Figure 7-17 Desk-check showing the first update to the counter and accumulator variables An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 31
32 The Sales Express Program (cont d.) Figure 7-18 Desk-check table after the second update to the counter and accumulator variables Figure 7-19 Completed desk-check for the Sales Express program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 32
33 The Sales Express Program (cont d.) Figure 7-20 First sample run of the Sales Express program Figure 7-21 Second sample run of the Sales Express program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 33
34 Counter-Controlled Pretest Loops Loops can be controlled using a counter rather than a sentinel value These are called counter-controlled loops Example problem and program solution (following slides) Counter-controlled loop is used that totals the quarterly sales from three regions Loop repeats three times, once for each region, using a counter to keep track An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 34
35 Counter-Controlled Pretest Loops (cont d.) Figure 7-22 Problem specification for the Jasper Music Company program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 35
36 Figure 7-22 IPO chart information and C++ instructions for the Jasper Music Company program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 36
37 Counter-Controlled Pretest Loops (cont d.) Figure 7-23 Desk-check table after the variable declaration statements are processed Figure 7-24 Results of processing the loop body instructions the first time Figure 7-25 Results of processing the loop body instructions the second time An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 37
38 Counter-Controlled Pretest Loops (cont d.) Figure 7-26 Results of processing the loop body instructions the third time Figure 7-27 A Sample run of the Jasper Music Company program An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 38
39 The for Statement The for statement can also be used to code any pretest loop in C++ Commonly used to code counter-controlled pretest loops (more compact than while in this case) Syntax: for ([initialization]; condition; [update]) one statement or a statement block to be processed as long as the condition is true Initialization and update arguments are optional An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 39
40 The for Statement (cont d.) Initialization argument usually creates and initializes a counter variable Counter variable is local to for statement (can only be used inside the loop) Condition argument specifies condition that must be true for the loop body to be processed Condition must be a Boolean expression May contain variables, constants, functions, arithmetic operators, comparison operators, and logical operators An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 40
41 The for Statement (cont d.) Loop ends when condition evaluates to false Update argument usually contains an expression that updates the counter variable Loop body follows the for clause Must be placed in braces if it contains more than one statement Braces can be used even if the loop body contains only one statement Good programming practice to place a comment, such as //end for, to mark the end of a for loop An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 41
42 The for Statement (cont d.) Figure 7-28 How to use the for statement An Introduction to Programming with C++, Sixth Edition 42
An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition. Chapter 8 More on the Repetition Structure
An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition Chapter 8 More on the Repetition Structure Objectives Include a posttest loop in pseudocode Include a posttest loop in a flowchart Code a posttest
Lecture 7 Tao Wang 1
Lecture 7 Tao Wang 1 Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: Interactive loop break and continue do-while for loop Common programming errors Scientists, Third Edition 2 while Loops while statement
*Starting Out with C++: From Control Structures through Objects, 7/E* by *Tony Gaddis* COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LECTURE 05 LOOPS IMRAN IHSAN
PowerPoint Slides adapted from *Starting Out with C++: From Control Structures through Objects, 7/E* by *Tony Gaddis* Copyright 2012 Pearson Education Inc. COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LECTURE 05 LOOPS IMRAN IHSAN
Repetition Structures
Repetition Structures Chapter 5 Fall 2016, CSUS Introduction to Repetition Structures Chapter 5.1 1 Introduction to Repetition Structures A repetition structure causes a statement or set of statements
Condition-Controlled Loop. Condition-Controlled Loop. If Statement. Various Forms. Conditional-Controlled Loop. Loop Caution.
Repetition Structures Introduction to Repetition Structures Chapter 5 Spring 2016, CSUS Chapter 5.1 Introduction to Repetition Structures The Problems with Duplicate Code A repetition structure causes
Computer Programming I - Unit 5 Lecture page 1 of 14
page 1 of 14 I. The while Statement while, for, do Loops Note: Loop - a control structure that causes a sequence of statement(s) to be executed repeatedly. The while statement is one of three looping statements
REPETITION CONTROL STRUCTURE LOGO
CSC 128: FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVING REPETITION CONTROL STRUCTURE 1 Contents 1 Introduction 2 for loop 3 while loop 4 do while loop 2 Introduction It is used when a statement or a block of
5.1. Chapter 5: The Increment and Decrement Operators. The Increment and Decrement Operators. Looping. ++ is the increment operator.
Chapter 5: Looping 5.1 The Increment and Decrement Operators Copyright 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Copyright Publishing as Pearson 2009 Addison-Wesley Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
CIS 3260 Intro to Programming in C#
Iteration (looping) McGraw-Hill 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Understand the necessity of this program control structure Describe while loops Describe do while loops Describe
Pseudo Code and Flow Charts. Chapter 1 Lesson 2
Pseudo Code and Flow Charts Chapter 1 Lesson 2 Pseudocode Using Pseudocode Statements and Flowchart Symbols English-like representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem Flowchart Pictorial
A Beginner s Guide to Programming Logic, Introductory. Chapter 5 Looping
A Beginner s Guide to Programming Logic, Introductory Chapter 5 Looping Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: The advantages of looping Using a loop control variable Nested loops Avoiding common
Chapter 5: Loops and Files
Chapter 5: Loops and Files 5.1 The Increment and Decrement Operators The Increment and Decrement Operators ++ is the increment operator. It adds one to a variable. val++; is the same as val = val + 1;
Chapter 5: Prefix vs. Postfix 8/19/2018. The Increment and Decrement Operators. Increment and Decrement Operators in Program 5-1
Chapter 5: Loops and Files The Increment and Decrement Operators ++ is the increment operator. It adds one to a variable. val++; is the same as val = val + 1; ++ can be used before (prefix) or after (postfix)
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Third Edition
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Third Edition Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition) Why Is Repetition Needed? Repetition allows you to efficiently use variables Can input,
Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Slide 5-1
Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley Slide 5-1 Chapter 6 : (Control Structure- Repetition) Using Decrement or Increment While Loop Do-While Loop FOR Loop Nested Loop
Page 1 of 14 Version A Midterm Review 1. The sign means greater than. > = Method & Tools for Program Analysis & Design
Method & Tools for Program Analysis & Design TMB208 Pemrograman Teknik Kredit: 3 (2-3) 1 Programming Logic and Design, Introductory, Fourth Edition 2 1 Programming Methods Based on structures of programming
An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition. Chapter 2 Beginning the Problem-Solving Process
An Introduction to Programming with C++ Sixth Edition Chapter 2 Beginning the Problem-Solving Process Objectives Explain the problem-solving process used to create a computer program Analyze a problem
While Loops CHAPTER 5: LOOP STRUCTURES. While Loops. While Loops 2/7/2013
While Loops A loop performs an iteration or repetition A while loop is the simplest form of a loop Occurs when a condition is true CHAPTER 5: LOOP STRUCTURES Introduction to Computer Science Using Ruby
INTRODUCTION TO C++ PROGRAM CONTROL. Dept. of Electronic Engineering, NCHU. Original slides are from
INTRODUCTION TO C++ PROGRAM CONTROL Original slides are from http://sites.google.com/site/progntut/ Dept. of Electronic Engineering, NCHU Outline 2 Repetition Statement for while do.. while break and continue
Introduction. C provides two styles of flow control:
Introduction C provides two styles of flow control: Branching Looping Branching is deciding what actions to take and looping is deciding how many times to take a certain action. Branching constructs: if
Topics. Introduction to Repetition Structures Often have to write code that performs the same task multiple times. Controlled Loop
Topics C H A P T E R 4 Repetition Structures Introduction to Repetition Structures The for Loop: a Count- Sentinels Nested Loops Introduction to Repetition Structures Often have to write code that performs
V3 1/3/2015. Programming in C. Example 1. Example Ch 05 A 1. What if we want to process three different pairs of integers?
Programming in C 1 Example 1 What if we want to process three different pairs of integers? 2 Example 2 One solution is to copy and paste the necessary lines of code. Consider the following modification:
Problem Solving With Loops
To appreciate the value of loops, take a look at the following example. This program will calculate the average of 10 numbers input by the user. Without a loop, the three lines of code that prompt the
Chapter 4 Introduction to Control Statements
Introduction to Control Statements Fundamentals of Java: AP Computer Science Essentials, 4th Edition 1 Objectives 2 How do you use the increment and decrement operators? What are the standard math methods?
Week 2. Relational Operators. Block or compound statement. if/else. Branching & Looping. Gaddis: Chapters 4 & 5. CS 5301 Spring 2018.
Week 2 Branching & Looping Gaddis: Chapters 4 & 5 CS 5301 Spring 2018 Jill Seaman 1 Relational Operators l relational operators (result is bool): == Equal to (do not use =)!= Not equal to > Greater than
Lesson 6A Loops. By John B. Owen All rights reserved 2011, revised 2014
Lesson 6A Loops By John B. Owen All rights reserved 2011, revised 2014 Topic List Objectives Loop structure 4 parts Three loop styles Example of a while loop Example of a do while loop Comparison while
CS110D: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE I
CS110D: PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE I Computer Science department Lecture 5&6: Loops Lecture Contents Why loops?? While loops for loops do while loops Nested control structures Motivation Suppose that you need
Chapter 12 Two-Dimensional Arrays
Chapter 12 Two-Dimensional Arrays Objectives Declare and initialize a two-dimensional array Enter data into a two-dimensional array Display the contents of a two-dimensional array Sum the values in a two-dimensional
C++ Programming Lecture 7 Control Structure I (Repetition) Part I
C++ Programming Lecture 7 Control Structure I (Repetition) Part I By Ghada Al-Mashaqbeh The Hashemite University Computer Engineering Department while Repetition Structure I Repetition structure Programmer
Java Programming: Guided Learning with Early Objects Chapter 5 Control Structures II: Repetition
Java Programming: Guided Learning with Early Objects Chapter 5 Control Structures II: Repetition Learn about repetition (looping) control structures Explore how to construct and use: o Counter-controlled
Chapter 3 Structured Program Development
1 Chapter 3 Structured Program Development Copyright 2007 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and Pearson Education Inc. All Rights Reserved. Chapter 3 - Structured Program Development Outline 3.1 Introduction
5.1. Chapter 5: The Increment and Decrement Operators. The Increment and Decrement Operators. The Increment and Decrement Operators
Chapter 5: 5.1 Looping The Increment and Decrement Operators The Increment and Decrement Operators The Increment and Decrement Operators ++ is the increment operator. It adds one to a variable. val++;
A Look Back at Arithmetic Operators: the Increment and Decrement
A Look Back at Arithmetic Operators: the Increment and Decrement Spring Semester 2016 Programming and Data Structure 27 Increment (++) and Decrement (--) Both of these are unary operators; they operate
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition. Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition)
C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design, Fourth Edition Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition) Objectives In this chapter, you will: Learn about repetition (looping) control structures
Repetition, Looping CS101
Repetition, Looping CS101 Last time we looked at how to use if-then statements to control the flow of a program. In this section we will look at different ways to repeat blocks of statements. Such repetitions
Increment and the While. Class 15
Increment and the While Class 15 Increment and Decrement Operators Increment and Decrement Increase or decrease a value by one, respectively. the most common operation in all of programming is to increment
Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition) Objectives (cont d.) Objectives. while Looping (Repetition) Structure. Why Is Repetition Needed?
Chapter 5: Control Structures II (Repetition) Objectives In this chapter, you will: Learn about repetition (looping) control structures Explore how to construct and use countercontrolled, sentinel-controlled,
Chapter 8 Statement-Level Control Structures
Chapter 8 Statement-Level Control Structures In Chapter 7, the flow of control within expressions, which is governed by operator associativity and precedence rules, was discussed. This chapter discusses
ECE 122. Engineering Problem Solving with Java
ECE 122 Engineering Problem Solving with Java Lecture 10 For Loops and Arrays Outline Problem: How can I perform the same operations a fixed number of times? Considering for loops Performs same operations
Control Statements. Musa M. Ameen Computer Engineering Dept.
2 Control Statements Musa M. Ameen Computer Engineering Dept. 1 OBJECTIVES In this chapter you will learn: To use basic problem-solving techniques. To develop algorithms through the process of topdown,
Internet & World Wide Web How to Program, 5/e by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Internet & World Wide Web How to Program, 5/e Sequential execution Execute statements in the order they appear in the code Transfer of control Changing the order in which statements execute All scripts
A Quick Review of Chapter 1
A Quick Review of Chapter 1 The core of computing is algorithms Algorithm A well-ordered collection of unambiguous and effectively computable operations that, when executed, produces a result and halts
CHAPTER 2 PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES. Mr Mohd Hatta Bin Hj Mohamed Ali Computer Programming BFC2042
CHAPTER 2 PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES Mr Mohd Hatta Bin Hj Mohamed Ali Computer Programming BFC2042 Software Engineering vs Problem Solving Software Engineering - A branch of Computer Science & provides
Multiple Choice (Questions 1 13) 26 Points Select all correct answers (multiple correct answers are possible)
Name Closed notes, book and neighbor. If you have any questions ask them. Notes: Segment of code necessary C++ statements to perform the action described not a complete program Program a complete C++ program
JavaScript: Control Statements I Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
1 7 JavaScript: Control Statements I 2 Let s all move one place on. Lewis Carroll The wheel is come full circle. William Shakespeare How many apples fell on Newton s head before he took the hint! Robert
Programming Language 2 (PL2)
Programming Language 2 (PL2) 337.3.1 Illustrate the logical flow of program in sequence, selection and iteration structure 337.3.2 Apply selection and repetitive structure Repetition structure (or loop):
Day06 A. Young W. Lim Mon. Young W. Lim Day06 A Mon 1 / 16
Day06 A Young W. Lim 2017-09-18 Mon Young W. Lim Day06 A 2017-09-18 Mon 1 / 16 Outline 1 Based on 2 Introduction C Program Control Young W. Lim Day06 A 2017-09-18 Mon 2 / 16 Based on "C How to Program",
Islamic University of Gaza Computer Engineering Dept. C++ Programming. For Industrial And Electrical Engineering By Instructor: Ruba A.
Islamic University of Gaza Computer Engineering Dept. C++ Programming For Industrial And Electrical Engineering By Instructor: Ruba A. Salamh Chapter Four: Loops 2 Chapter Goals To implement while, for
COP 2000 Note Framework Chapter 5 - Repetition Page 1
COP 2000 Note Framework Chapter 5 - Repetition Page 1 The programming approach in which all problems are broken down using only three simple control structures, each of which has only one starting point
Microsoft Visual Basic 2005: Reloaded
Microsoft Visual Basic 2005: Reloaded Second Edition Chapter 4 Making Decisions in a Program Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Include the selection structure in pseudocode
Loops and Files. Chapter 04 MIT 12043, Fundamentals of Programming By: S. Sabraz Nawaz
Loops and Files Chapter 04 MIT 12043, Fundamentals of Programming By: S. Sabraz Nawaz Chapter Topics o The Increment and Decrement Operators o The while Loop o Shorthand Assignment Operators o The do-while
PLD Semester Exam Study Guide Dec. 2018
Covers material from Chapters 1-8. Semester Exam will be built from these questions and answers, though they will be re-ordered and re-numbered and possibly worded slightly differently than on this study
Second Term ( ) Department of Computer Science Foundation Year Program Umm Al Qura University, Makkah
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING SKILLS (4800153-3) CHAPTER 5: REPETITION STRUCTURE Second Term (1437-1438) Department of Computer Science Foundation Year Program Umm Al Qura University, Makkah Table of Contents Objectives
Java How to Program, 9/e. Copyright by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Java How to Program, 9/e Copyright 1992-2012 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Copyright 1992-2012 by Pearson Copyright 1992-2012 by Pearson Before writing a program to solve a problem, have
depicts pictorially schematic representation of an algorithm document algorithms. used in designing or documenting
Definition A flowchart depicts pictorially the sequence in which instructions are carried out in an algorithm. A flowchart is a schematic representation of an algorithm or a stepwise process, showing the
Repeating Instructions. C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design 2nd Edition. David McDonald, Ph.D. Director of Emerging Technologies
6 Repeating Instructions C# Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program Design 2nd Edition David McDonald, Ph.D. Director of Emerging Technologies Chapter Objectives Learn why programs use loops Write
Individual research task. You should all have completed the research task set last week. Please make sure you hand it in today.
Lecture 6 Individual research task. You should all have completed the research task set last week. Please make sure you hand it in today. Previously Decision structures with flowcharts Boolean logic UML
Basic computer skills such as using Windows, Internet Explorer, and Microsoft Word. Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java
Basic computer skills such as using Windows, Internet Explorer, and Microsoft Word Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers, Programs, and Java Chapter 2 Primitive Data Types and Operations Chapter 3 Selection
Repetition, Looping. While Loop
Repetition, Looping Last time we looked at how to use if-then statements to control the flow of a program. In this section we will look at different ways to repeat blocks of statements. Such repetitions
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded Sixth Edition Chapter Three Memory Locations and Calculations Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Declare variables and named constants
CS 241 Control Structures. Christopher A. Gantz. SPS Undergraduate Program Regis University
CS 241 Control Structures Christopher A. Gantz SPS Undergraduate Program Regis University cgantz@regis.edu Slide 1 Lecture Topic #8 CS 241: Repetition Statements Christopher A. Gantz School of Professional
CSc Introduc/on to Compu/ng. Lecture 8 Edgardo Molina Fall 2011 City College of New York
CSc 10200 Introduc/on to Compu/ng Lecture 8 Edgardo Molina Fall 2011 City College of New York 18 The Null Statement Null statement Semicolon with nothing preceding it ; Do-nothing statement required for
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Enter the appropriate word(s) to complete the statement.
1. C#, C++, C, and Java use the symbol as the logical OR operator. a. $ b. % c. ^ d. 2. errors are relatively easy to locate and correct because the compiler or interpreter you use highlights every error.
CSC128 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER PROBLEM SOLVING Chapter 4: Repetition Control Structure
Learning Objectives At the end of this chapter, student should be able to: Understand the requirement of a loop Understand the Loop Control Variable () Use increment (++) and decrement ( ) operators Program
Iteration: Intro. Two types of loops: 1. Pretest Condition precedes body Iterates 0+ times. 2. Posttest Condition follows body Iterates 1+ times
Iteration: Intro Two types of loops: 1. Pretest Condition precedes body Iterates 0+ times 2. Posttest Condition follows body Iterates 1+ times 1 Iteration: While Loops Pretest loop Most general loop construct
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded Sixth Edition Chapter Seven More on the Repetition Structure Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Code a counter-controlled loop Nest repetition
Loops / Repetition Statements
Loops / Repetition Statements Repetition statements allow us to execute a statement multiple times Often they are referred to as loops C has three kinds of repetition statements: the while loop the for
Microsoft Visual Basic 2005: Reloaded
Microsoft Visual Basic 2005: Reloaded Second Edition Chapter 5 Repeating Program Instructions Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Include the repetition structure in pseudocode
The for Loop, Accumulator Variables, Seninel Values, and The Random Class. CS0007: Introduction to Computer Programming
The for Loop, Accumulator Variables, Seninel Values, and The Random Class CS0007: Introduction to Computer Programming Review General Form of a switch statement: switch (SwitchExpression) { case CaseExpression1:
Looping. Arizona State University 1
Looping CSE100 Principles of Programming with C++, Fall 2018 (based off Chapter 5 slides by Pearson) Ryan Dougherty Arizona State University http://www.public.asu.edu/~redoughe/ Arizona State University
Loops (while and for)
Loops (while and for) CSE 1310 Introduction to Computers and Programming Alexandra Stefan 1 Motivation Was there any program we did (class or hw) where you wanted to repeat an action? 2 Motivation Name
Chapter 2: Algorithm Discovery and Design. Invitation to Computer Science, C++ Version, Fourth Edition
Chapter 2: Algorithm Discovery and Design Invitation to Computer Science, C++ Version, Fourth Edition Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about Representing algorithms Examples of algorithmic problem
Chapter 2: Functions and Control Structures
Chapter 2: Functions and Control Structures TRUE/FALSE 1. A function definition contains the lines of code that make up a function. T PTS: 1 REF: 75 2. Functions are placed within parentheses that follow
COP 2000 Introduction to Computer Programming Mid-Term Exam Review
he exam format will be different from the online quizzes. It will be written on the test paper with questions similar to those shown on the following pages. he exam will be closed book, but students can
Chapter 8. Statement-Level Control Structures
Chapter 8 Statement-Level Control Structures Chapter 8 Topics Introduction Selection Statements Iterative Statements Unconditional Branching Guarded Commands Conclusions Copyright 2009 Addison-Wesley.
Chapter 1: Problem Solving Skills Introduction to Programming GENG 200
Chapter 1: Problem Solving Skills Introduction to Programming GENG 200 Spring 2014, Prepared by Ali Abu Odeh 1 Table of Contents Fundamentals of Flowcharts 2 3 Flowchart with Conditions Flowchart with
Chapter 4 Loops. Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4 Loops 1 Motivations Suppose that you need to print a string (e.g., "Welcome to Java!") a hundred times. It would be tedious to have to write the following statement a hundred times: So, how do
C How to Program, 6/e by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
C How to Program, 6/e Before writing a program to solve a particular problem, it s essential to have a thorough understanding of the problem and a carefully planned approach to solving the problem. The
Repetition and Loop Statements Chapter 5
Repetition and Loop Statements Chapter 5 1 Chapter Objectives To understand why repetition is an important control structure in programming To learn about loop control variables and the three steps needed
AP Programming - Chapter 6 Lecture
page 1 of 21 The while Statement, Types of Loops, Looping Subtasks, Nested Loops I. The while Statement Note: Loop - a control structure that causes a sequence of statement(s) to be executed repeatedly.
A Beginner s Guide to Programming Logic, Introductory
A Beginner s Guide to Programming Logic, Introductory Chapter 3 Understanding Structure Objectives In this chapter, you will learn about: The features of unstructured spaghetti code The three basic structures
Chapter 3. More Flow of Control. Copyright 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Chapter 3 More Flow of Control Overview 3.1 Using Boolean Expressions 3.2 Multiway Branches 3.3 More about C++ Loop Statements 3.4 Designing Loops Slide 3-3 Flow Of Control Flow of control refers to the
There are algorithms, however, that need to execute statements in some other kind of ordering depending on certain conditions.
Introduction In the programs that we have dealt with so far, all statements inside the main function were executed in sequence as they appeared, one after the other. This type of sequencing is adequate
Skill Area 306: Develop and Implement Computer Program
Add your company slogan Skill Area 306: Develop and Implement Computer Program Computer Programming (YPG) LOGO Skill Area 306.2: Produce Structured Program 306.2.1 Write Algorithm 306.2.2 Apply appropriate
Iteration Loops. The Do While Loop (Continued) Looping Subtasks
Iteration s The Do While (Continued) ing Subtasks This section in your book is from pages 2 to. You might think that, since this in the Do While loop section, it only refers to those kinds of loops. This
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded
Microsoft Visual Basic 2015: Reloaded Sixth Edition Chapter Five More on the Selection Structure Objectives After studying this chapter, you should be able to: Determine whether a solution requires a nested
CS112 Lecture: Repetition Statements
CS112 Lecture: Repetition Statements Objectives: Last revised 2/18/05 1. To explain the general form of the java while loop 2. To introduce and motivate the java do.. while loop 3. To explain the general
Chapter 6 Repetition. 6.1 Do Loops 6.2 For...Next Loops 6.3 List Boxes and Loops
Chapter 6 Repetition 6.1 Do Loops 6.2 For...Next Loops 6.3 List Boxes and Loops 1 6.1 Do Loops Pretest Form of a Do Loop Posttest Form of a Do Loop 2 Do Loops A loop is one of the most important structures
Object-Oriented Programming in Java
CSCI/CMPE 3326 Object-Oriented Programming in Java Loop Statements Dongchul Kim Department of Computer Science University of Texas Rio Grande Valley The Increment and Decrement Operators There are numerous
Fundamentals of Programming. Lecture 6: Structured Development (part one)
Fundamentals of Programming Lecture 6: Structured Development (part one) Instructor: Fatemeh Zamani f_zamani@ce.sharif.edu edu Sharif University of Technology Computer Engineering Department Outline Algorithms
Iterative Statements. Iterative Statements: Examples. Counter-Controlled Loops. ICOM 4036 Programming Languages Statement-Level Control Structure
ICOM 4036 Programming Languages Statement-Level Control Structure Selection Statement Iterative Statements Unconditional Branching Guarded Commands This lecture covers review questions 8-16 This lecture
Structured Program Development
Structured Program Development Chih-Wei Tang ( 唐之瑋 ) Department of Communication Engineering National Central University JhongLi, Taiwan Outline Introduction The selection statement if if.else switch The
3 The L oop Control Structure
3 The L oop Control Structure Loops The while Loop Tips and Traps More Operators The for Loop Nesting of Loops Multiple Initialisations in the for Loop The Odd Loop The break Statement The continue Statement
Fundamentals of Programming Session 13
Fundamentals of Programming Session 13 Instructor: Reza Entezari-Maleki Email: entezari@ce.sharif.edu 1 Fall 2014 These slides have been created using Deitel s slides Sharif University of Technology Outlines
Loops / Repetition Statements. There are three loop constructs in C. Example 2: Grade of several students. Example 1: Fixing Bad Keyboard Input
Loops / Repetition Statements Repetition s allow us to execute a multiple times Often they are referred to as loops C has three kinds of repetition s: the while loop the for loop the do loop The programmer
Introduction to Flowcharting
Introduction to Flowcharting 1 Acknowledgment This tutorial is based upon Appendix C from Starting Out with C++: From Control Structures to Objects (5th Edition) Copyright Tony Gaddis 2007 Published by
L o o p s. for(initializing expression; control expression; step expression) { one or more statements }
L o o p s Objective #1: Explain the importance of loops in programs. In order to write a non trivial computer program, you almost always need to use one or more loops. Loops allow your program to repeat
Chapter 4 Loops. Liang, Introduction to Java Programming, Eighth Edition, (c) 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 4 Loops 1 Motivations Suppose that you need to print a string (e.g., "Welcome to Java!") a hundred times. It would be tedious to have to write the following statement a hundred times: So, how do
STUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations
STUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations Java Curriculum for AP Computer Science, Student Lesson A12 1 STUDENT LESSON A12 Iterations INTRODUCTION: Solving problems on a computer very often requires a repetition of