Inference Techniques
|
|
- Ronald Willis
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Bernhard Schueler Inference Techniques with respect to applications in the Semantic Web
2 Overview Example [Decker98]: A A Query and Inference Service for RDF From RDF to logic Lots of logic: F-Logic, F DLs,, OIL, ALC, FOL, : Resolution, Magic sets, tableaux calculus 2
3 Example: Inferencing with RDF Give me all resources which are about In [Decker98] a program is described, which can produce this resources from a database containing RDF descriptions of Subjects of resources, Synonyms, Broader terms. It further contains rules to define broader terms as a transitive relation. 3
4 The Database RDF descriptions: <rdf:description about= "ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/.../environment/"> <s:subject resource=" </rdf:description> Can be translated/abbreviated (SiRPAC( SiRPAC) ) to: Subject("ftp://.../environment/"," broader_term(" broader_term(" synonym(" RDF triples resemble ground facts in a logic based language. 4
5 Rules FORALL O,V subject(o,v) <- O[" ->> V]. FORALL Concept1, Concept2, Concept3 broader_term(concept1,concept3) <- broader_term(concept1,concept2) AND broader_term(concept2,concept3). FORALL Resource, Concept about(resource,concept) <- subject(resource,concept) OR // "...or is about a synonym of that concept, " EXISTS X (subject(resource,x) AND synonym(x,concept)) OR (subject(resource,x) AND synonym(concept,x)). OR (broader_term(concept,x) AND subject(resource,x)). 5
6 Query Query: FORALL Classification <- about (" Results: Classification = RESOURCE-1 Classification = RESOURCE-2 Classification = RESOURCE-N The Query is processed by an inference engine, which can process Frame-logic and predicate logic queries. 6
7 Inference engine (SiLRI( SiLRI) All input is translated into the same format (predicate logic?)? 7
8 Overview Example [Decker98]: A A Query and Inference Service for RDF From RDF to logic Lots of logic: F-Logic, F DLs,, OIL, ALC, FOL, HOL, : Resolution, Magic sets, tableaux calculus 8
9 Translating RDF to F-logicF <rdf:rdf> <rdf:description about=" <s:creator> <rdf:description about=" <v:name>ora Lassila</v:Name> </rdf:description> </s:creator> </rdf:description> </rdf:rdf> F-logic: " Name->>"Ora Lassila"; ]]. 9
10 Translating RDF to logic <rdf:rdf> <rdf:description about=" <s:creator> <rdf:description about=" <v:name>ora Lassila</v:Name> </rdf:description> </s:creator> </rdf:description> </rdf:rdf> logic: s:creator(" ) v:name( "Ora Lasila") v: ( lassila@w3.org) 10
11 Translating RDFS to F-logicF <rdf:rdf <rdfs:class rdfs:id="employee"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource=" </rdfs:class> <rdfs:class rdfs:id="researcher"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="#employee"/> </rdfs:class> <rdf:property ID="cooperatesWith"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="#researcher"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="#researcher"/> </rdf:property> </rdf:rdf> F-logic: logic: Employee :: Person. Researcher :: Employee[cooperatesWith=>>Researcher]. 11
12 Overview Example [Decker98]: A A Query and Inference Service for RDF From RDF to logic Lots of logic: F-Logic, F DLs,, OIL, ALC, FOL, : Resolution, Magic sets, tableaux calculus 12
13 Semantics of FOL (1) Example: F = x P(x,f(x)) Q(g(a,z)) Truth value of F is defined under a structure A=(U A,I A ). U A : I A : arbitrary non-empty set Mapping: k-ary predicate symbol P P A ={(x 1,,x k ) x i U A and } k-ary function symbol f f A : U Ak U A Variable x x A U A 13
14 Semantics of FOL (2) A structure that would be suitable for F = x P(x,f(x)) Q(g(a,z)): U A P A Q A = IN = {(m,n) m,n U A and m<n} = {n n U A and n is prime} f A (n) = n+1 g A (m,n) = n + m a A = 2, z A = 3 f A could be replaced using F A ={(m,n) m,n U A, n=m+1}: P(x,f(x)) P(x,y) F(x,y), if F is defined such that (x,f(x)) F. 14
15 Frame-Logic [Kifer90] A hierarchy: empl::person student::person faculty::empl john:student sheth:faculty Objects: mary[name -> Mary ;highestdegree -> ms; Classes: friends->>{bob,sally}] empl[affiliation=>dept;children=>>child(person); jointworks@empl=>>report] dept[assistants=>>(student,empl);mngr=>empl] Rules: E[boss->M]<- E:empl D:dept E[affiliation->D[mngr->M:empl]] 15
16 Semantics of Frame-logic F-structure I = (U, < U, U,I F, I ->, I ->>, I ->, I ->>, I =>, I =>> ) U = objects, attributes, classes < U = subclass relation (irreflexive partial order) U = class membership (if a U b and b U c then a U c) I F terms (like mary[ Mary,ms,] on last slide) (U i U) Elements of U are mapped to 4 sets of partial functions: I -> / I ->> : non-inheritable object attributes/set-valued attrs. I -> / I ->> : inheritable class attributes/set-valued attrs. I => /I =>> : signature of class attrs./set-valued class attrs. (defining types) 16
17 Remarks on Frame-logic Frame-logic has higher-order syntax, because variables are allowed in place of functions or predicates: Set-valued functions, Attributes and methods are viewed as objects. Semantics remain first-order: Object names U. Being first-order: Variables do not range over complex domains (functions, sets), Variables can range over individuals or over names of higher- order entities. 17
18 Translating F-Logic F to logic As used in Ontobroker [Onto]. F-logic C1::C2 O: C C 1 [A=>>C 2 ] O[A->>V] O1<: O2 Predicate logic sub(c 1,C 2 ) isa(o,c) att_type(c 1,A,C 2 ) att_val(o,a,v) part_of(o 1,O 2 ) 18
19 (F-)logic in Ontobroker Langu age Input F-logic Ontology, Query Predicate logic normal logic program F-logic to FOL Lloyd-Topor transformation Output Variable substitution in F-logic Variable substitutions to F-logic Fixpoint procedure Variable substitution 19
20 Why F-logic? F Ontobroker [Onto] uses a modified subset of F-logic, because: It provides for concepts as classes, is-a relationship, attributes, axioms. In contrast to most Descr. Logics variables can take the places of concept and attribute names. F-logic has a model theoretic semantics and a sound and complete resolution-based proof theory. [Kifer95] 20
21 DLs Knowledge base T-box (Concepts) Man = Human П Male DL Constructors include at least (ALC): Conjunction, disjunction, negation Restricted forms of quantification (, ) A-box (Individuals) John : Man 21
22 OIL adds some DL to RDFS class-def subclass-of slot-def subslot-of domain range RDFS OIL class-expressions AND, OR, NOT Slot-constraints has-value, value-type Cardinality Slot-properties Trans, symm 22
23 Overview Example [Decker98]: A A Query and Inference Service for RDF From RDF to logic Lots of logic: F-Logic, F DLs,, OIL, ALC, FOL, HOL, : Resolution, Magic sets, tableaux calculus 23
24 SLD Resolution, Magic sets, tableaux calculi Countless variations for improvements in specific applications Incomplete system (FLORID) for F-logic Translating into FOL and into Horn clauses popular: I will present some basic techniques as applied to FOL 24
25 Resolution (1) F n = {,{A,B},{ A,C}} = (A B) ( A C) {B,C} resolvent F n+1 = {,{A,B},{ A,C}, {B,C} } F n satisfiable iff F n+1 satisfiable : F n+1 satisfiable F n satisf., because F n+1 =F n (B C) F n satisf. B C satisf., (either A or A isn t) F n (B C) satisf. F n+1 satisf. 25
26 Resolution (2) F n = {,{A},{ A}} = (A) ( A) empty clause F n+1 = {,{A},{ A}, } All F i are unsatisfiable. 26
27 SLD Resolution in Prolog located_in(georgia,atlanta). located_in(florida,miami). located_in(usa,x):- located_in(georgia,x). located_in(usa,x):- located_in(florida,x).?- located_in(usa,miami). located_in(geogia,miami). located_in(florida,miami). No match. Back up. Match. 27
28 Magic sets has_changed(url) my_links(url,lastvisited) doc_mtime(url,modif) Modif>LastVisited URL LastVisited π URL URL Modif URL LastVi sited Modif 28
29 Tableaux calculus A B A B A B A B A A B A B B (A B) ( A B) A B A B The root is satisfiable if one of the leaves is. 29
30 Remarks Countless improvements of basic techniques have been proposed and used. They party exclude each other. [Brass95] seems to present a promising way to integrate SLD Resolution and Magic sets and get a lot of advantages over other improvements. (And the paper is readable ) 30
31 Reference [Decker98] S. Decker, D. Brickley, J. Saarela, J. Angele. A Query and Inference Service for RDF [Onto] S. Decker, D. Fensel, M. Erdmann, R. Studer. The Technical Core of Ontobroker. Draft, [Brass00] S. Brass. SLDMagic The Real Magic (With Applications to Web Queries). In Computational Logic, , URL: [Kifer90] M. Kifer, G. Lausen, J. Wu. Logical Foundations of Object- Oriented and Frame-based Languages. Technical Report 90/14, Dep. of Computer Sc., State Univ. of New York at Stony Brook (SUNY), URL: 31
XXXII Conference on Very Large Data Bases VLDB 2006 Seoul, Korea, 15 th September 2006
Andrea Calì Faculty of Computer Science Free University of Bolzano State University of New York at Stony Brook XXXII Conference on Very Large Data Bases VLDB 2006 Seoul, Korea, 15 th September 2006 F-Logic
More informationTRIPLE An RDF Query, Inference, and Transformation Language
TRIPLE An RDF Query, Inference, and Transformation Language Michael Sintek sintek@dfki.de DFKI GmbH Stefan Decker stefan@db.stanford.edu Stanford University Database Group DDLP'2001 Tokyo, Japan, October
More information9b. Combining Logic Programs with Object-Oriented Representation
9b. Combining Logic Programs with Object-Oriented Representation Outline Limitations of frames & description logics Early hybrid KR&R systems Krypton Recent trends in hybrid KR&R systems Description graphs
More informationFOUNDATIONS OF SEMANTIC WEB TECHNOLOGIES
FOUNDATIONS OF SEMANTIC WEB TECHNOLOGIES RDFS Rule-based Reasoning Sebastian Rudolph Dresden, 16 April 2013 Content Overview & XML 9 APR DS2 Hypertableau II 7 JUN DS5 Introduction into RDF 9 APR DS3 Tutorial
More informationOWL a glimpse. OWL a glimpse (2) requirements for ontology languages. requirements for ontology languages
OWL a glimpse OWL Web Ontology Language describes classes, properties and relations among conceptual objects lecture 7: owl - introduction of#27# ece#720,#winter# 12# 2# of#27# OWL a glimpse (2) requirements
More informationKnowledge Representations. How else can we represent knowledge in addition to formal logic?
Knowledge Representations How else can we represent knowledge in addition to formal logic? 1 Common Knowledge Representations Formal Logic Production Rules Semantic Nets Schemata and Frames 2 Production
More informationINF3580/4580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2017
INF3580/4580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2017 Lecture 9: Model Semantics & Reasoning Martin Giese 13th March 2017 Department of Informatics University of Oslo Today s Plan 1 Repetition: RDF semantics
More information1 Introduction ). [Fensel et al., 2000b]
105 1 Introduction Currently,computersarechangingfromsingleisolateddevicestoentrypointsintoaworldwidenetwork of information exchange and business transactions (cf. [Fensel, 2000]). Support in data, information,
More informationSemantic Web Ontologies
Semantic Web Ontologies CS 431 April 4, 2005 Carl Lagoze Cornell University Acknowledgements: Alun Preece RDF Schemas Declaration of vocabularies classes, properties, and structures defined by a particular
More informationConstraint Solving. Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security
Systems and Internet Infrastructure Security Network and Security Research Center Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA Constraint Solving Systems
More informationKnowledge Representation and Reasoning Logics for Artificial Intelligence
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Logics for Artificial Intelligence Stuart C. Shapiro Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science University at Buffalo, The State
More informationTaking the RDF Model Theory Out For a Spin
Taking the RDF Model Theory Out For a Spin Ora Lassila Nokia Research Center, 5 Wayside Road, Burlington MA 01803, USA Abstract. Entailment, as defined by RDF s model-theoretical semantics, is a basic
More informationDesign and Implementation of an RDF Triple Store
Design and Implementation of an RDF Triple Store Ching-Long Yeh and Ruei-Feng Lin Department of Computer Science and Engineering Tatung University 40 Chungshan N. Rd., Sec. 3 Taipei, 04 Taiwan E-mail:
More information<?xml version='1.0' encoding='iso '?> <!DOCTYPE rdf:rdf [ <!ENTITY rdf 'http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#'> <!
More information
Description Logic. Eva Mráková,
Description Logic Eva Mráková, glum@fi.muni.cz Motivation: ontology individuals/objects/instances ElizabethII Philip Philip, Anne constants in FOPL concepts/classes/types Charles Anne Andrew Edward Male,
More informationFoundations of AI. 9. Predicate Logic. Syntax and Semantics, Normal Forms, Herbrand Expansion, Resolution
Foundations of AI 9. Predicate Logic Syntax and Semantics, Normal Forms, Herbrand Expansion, Resolution Wolfram Burgard, Andreas Karwath, Bernhard Nebel, and Martin Riedmiller 09/1 Contents Motivation
More informationQuerying Data through Ontologies
Querying Data through Ontologies Instructor: Sebastian Link Thanks to Serge Abiteboul, Ioana Manolescu, Philippe Rigaux, Marie-Christine Rousset and Pierre Senellart Web Data Management and Distribution
More informationLogic (or Declarative) Programming Foundations: Prolog. Overview [1]
Logic (or Declarative) Programming Foundations: Prolog In Text: Chapter 12 Formal logic Logic programming Prolog Overview [1] N. Meng, S. Arthur 2 1 Logic Programming To express programs in a form of symbolic
More informationEnabling knowledge representation on the Web by extending RDF Schema
Computer Networks 39 (2002) 609 634 www.elsevier.com/locate/comnet Enabling knowledge representation on the Web by extending RDF Schema Jeen Broekstra a, Michel Klein b, *, Stefan Decker c, Dieter Fensel
More informationContents. G52IWS: The Semantic Web. The Semantic Web. Semantic web elements. Semantic Web technologies. Semantic Web Services
Contents G52IWS: The Semantic Web Chris Greenhalgh 2007-11-10 Introduction to the Semantic Web Semantic Web technologies Overview RDF OWL Semantic Web Services Concluding comments 1 See Developing Semantic
More informationKnowledge Representation and Reasoning Logics for Artificial Intelligence
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Logics for Artificial Intelligence Stuart C. Shapiro Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Center for Cognitive Science University at Buffalo, The State
More informationModule 6. Knowledge Representation and Logic (First Order Logic) Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur
Module 6 Knowledge Representation and Logic (First Order Logic) 6.1 Instructional Objective Students should understand the advantages of first order logic as a knowledge representation language Students
More informationRDF Based Architecture for Semantic Integration of Heterogeneous Information Sources
RDF Based Architecture for Semantic Integration of Heterogeneous Information Sources Richard Vdovjak, Geert-Jan Houben Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven, The Netherlands r.vdovjak, g.j.houben
More informationPresented By Aditya R Joshi Neha Purohit
Presented By Aditya R Joshi Neha Purohit Pellet What is Pellet? Pellet is an OWL- DL reasoner Supports nearly all of OWL 1 and OWL 2 Sound and complete reasoner Written in Java and available from http://
More informationLogic: TD as search, Datalog (variables)
Logic: TD as search, Datalog (variables) Computer Science cpsc322, Lecture 23 (Textbook Chpt 5.2 & some basic concepts from Chpt 12) June, 8, 2017 CPSC 322, Lecture 23 Slide 1 Lecture Overview Recap Top
More informationXML and Semantic Web Technologies. III. Semantic Web / 1. Ressource Description Framework (RDF)
XML and Semantic Web Technologies XML and Semantic Web Technologies III. Semantic Web / 1. Ressource Description Framework (RDF) Prof. Dr. Dr. Lars Schmidt-Thieme Information Systems and Machine Learning
More informationMustafa Jarrar: Lecture Notes on RDF Schema Birzeit University, Version 3. RDFS RDF Schema. Mustafa Jarrar. Birzeit University
Mustafa Jarrar: Lecture Notes on RDF Schema Birzeit University, 2018 Version 3 RDFS RDF Schema Mustafa Jarrar Birzeit University 1 Watch this lecture and download the slides Course Page: http://www.jarrar.info/courses/ai/
More informationSemantic Web and Linked Data
Semantic Web and Linked Data Petr Křemen December 2012 Contents Semantic Web Technologies Overview Linked Data Semantic Web Technologies Overview Semantic Web Technology Stack from Wikipedia. http://wikipedia.org/wiki/semantic_web,
More informationl A family of logic based KR formalisms l Distinguished by: l Decidable fragments of FOL l Closely related to Propositional Modal & Dynamic Logics
What Are Description Logics? Description Logics l A family of logic based KR formalisms Descendants of semantic networks and KL-ONE Describe domain in terms of concepts (classes), roles (relationships)
More informationWSML Deliverable. D20.1 v0.2 OWL. WSML Working Draft January 6, 2005
WSML Deliverable D20.1 v0.2 OWL WSML Working Draft January 6, 2005 Authors: Jos de Bruijn Axel Polleres Rubén Lara Dieter Fensel Editors: Jos de Bruijn Axel Polleres Reviewers: Boris Motik This version:
More informationCOMP4418 Knowledge Representation and Reasoning
COMP4418 Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Week 3 Practical Reasoning David Rajaratnam Click to edit Present s Name Practical Reasoning - My Interests Cognitive Robotics. Connect high level cognition
More informationBryan Smith May 2010
Bryan Smith May 2010 Tool (Onto2SMem) to generate declarative knowledge base in SMem from ontology Sound (if incomplete) inference Proof of concept Baseline implementation Semantic memory (SMem) Store
More informationWeek 4. COMP62342 Sean Bechhofer, Uli Sattler
Week 4 COMP62342 Sean Bechhofer, Uli Sattler sean.bechhofer@manchester.ac.uk, uli.sattler@manchester.ac.uk Today Some clarifications from last week s coursework More on reasoning: extension of the tableau
More informationEnabling knowledge representation on the Web by extending RDF Schema
Linköping Electronic Articles in Computer and Information Science Vol. 6(2001): nr 1 Enabling knowledge representation on the Web by extending RDF Schema Jeen Broekstra Michel Klein Stefan Decker Dieter
More informationA Relaxed Approach to RDF Querying
A Relaxed Approach to RDF Querying Carlos A. Hurtado churtado@dcc.uchile.cl Department of Computer Science Universidad de Chile Alexandra Poulovassilis, Peter T. Wood {ap,ptw}@dcs.bbk.ac.uk School of Computer
More informationConjunctive queries. Many computational problems are much easier for conjunctive queries than for general first-order queries.
Conjunctive queries Relational calculus queries without negation and disjunction. Conjunctive queries have a normal form: ( y 1 ) ( y n )(p 1 (x 1,..., x m, y 1,..., y n ) p k (x 1,..., x m, y 1,..., y
More informationIntegrity Constraints (Chapter 7.3) Overview. Bottom-Up. Top-Down. Integrity Constraint. Disjunctive & Negative Knowledge. Proof by Refutation
CSE560 Class 10: 1 c P. Heeman, 2010 Integrity Constraints Overview Disjunctive & Negative Knowledge Resolution Rule Bottom-Up Proof by Refutation Top-Down CSE560 Class 10: 2 c P. Heeman, 2010 Integrity
More informationControlled Natural Language as Interface Language to the Semantic Web
Controlled Natural Language as Interface Language to the Semantic Web Rolf Schwitter Centre for Language Technology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia schwitt@ics.mq.edu.au Abstract. In
More informationSemantic Web Technologies: Web Ontology Language
Semantic Web Technologies: Web Ontology Language Motivation OWL Formal Semantic OWL Synopsis OWL Programming Introduction XML / XML Schema provides a portable framework for defining a syntax RDF forms
More informationEnabling Knowledge Representation on the Web by Extending RDF Schema
Enabling Knowledge Representation on the Web by Extending RDF Schema Jeen Broekstra, Michel Klein, Stefan Decker, Dieter Fensel, Frank van Harmelen, and Ian Horrocks + Aidministrator Nederland bv, Holland
More informationStructure of This Presentation
Inferencing for the Semantic Web: A Concise Overview Feihong Hsu fhsu@cs.uic.edu March 27, 2003 Structure of This Presentation General features of inferencing for the Web Inferencing languages Survey of
More informationDescription Logics Reasoning Algorithms Concluding Remarks References. DL Reasoning. Stasinos Konstantopoulos. IIT, NCSR Demokritos
Stasinos Konstantopoulos 10-3-2006 Overview Description Logics Definitions Some Family Members Reasoning Algorithms Introduction Resolution Calculus Tableau Calculus Concluding Remarks Definitions The
More informationSam Oh, Professor, Sungkyunkwan University LIS
Sam Oh, Professor, Sungkyunkwan University LIS Affiliate Professor, University of Washington, ischool ISO/IEC JTC1/SC34 Chair, ISO TC46/SC9 Chair, DCMI Oversight Committee Member Jinho Park, NLK Senior
More informationApplications and Technologies on top of XML. Semantic Web - RDF. Extensible Markup Language (XML) Revisited. Outline
Applications and Technologies on top of XML Semantic Web - RDF Prof. Dr. Dipl.-Inf. Med. Bernhard Tausch ISWeb Lecture Semantic Web (1) ISWeb Lecture Semantic Web (2) Outline Motivation: Why XML is not
More informationTowards a Logical Reconstruction of Relational Database Theory
Towards a Logical Reconstruction of Relational Database Theory On Conceptual Modelling, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 1984 Raymond Reiter Summary by C. Rey November 27, 2008-1 / 63 Foreword DB: 2
More informationHigher-Order Logic. Specification and Verification with Higher-Order Logic
Higher-Order Logic Specification and Verification with Higher-Order Logic Arnd Poetzsch-Heffter (Slides by Jens Brandt) Software Technology Group Fachbereich Informatik Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
More informationMain topics: Presenter: Introduction to OWL Protégé, an ontology editor OWL 2 Semantic reasoner Summary TDT OWL
1 TDT4215 Web Intelligence Main topics: Introduction to Web Ontology Language (OWL) Presenter: Stein L. Tomassen 2 Outline Introduction to OWL Protégé, an ontology editor OWL 2 Semantic reasoner Summary
More informationOntological Modeling: Part 2
Ontological Modeling: Part 2 Terry Halpin LogicBlox This is the second in a series of articles on ontology-based approaches to modeling. The main focus is on popular ontology languages proposed for the
More informationModule 6. Knowledge Representation and Logic (First Order Logic) Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur
Module 6 Knowledge Representation and Logic (First Order Logic) Lesson 15 Inference in FOL - I 6.2.8 Resolution We have introduced the inference rule Modus Ponens. Now we introduce another inference rule
More informationAdding formal semantics to the Web
Adding formal semantics to the Web building on top of RDF Schema Jeen Broekstra On-To-Knowledge project Context On-To-Knowledge IST project about content-driven knowledge management through evolving ontologies
More informationDeep integration of Python with Semantic Web technologies
Deep integration of Python with Semantic Web technologies Marian Babik, Ladislav Hluchy Intelligent and Knowledge Technologies Group Institute of Informatics, SAS Goals of the presentation Brief introduction
More informationAuto-generation of Multi-fielded Domain-Specific Search Forms
Auto-generation of Multi-fielded Domain-Specific Search Forms ROBERT STEELE Faculty of Information Technology University of Technology, Sydney PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007 AUSTRALIA Abstract: - Custom
More informationLogic as a framework for NL semantics. Outline. Syntax of FOL [1] Semantic Theory Type Theory
Logic as a framework for NL semantics Semantic Theory Type Theory Manfred Pinkal Stefan Thater Summer 2007 Approximate NL meaning as truth conditions. Logic supports precise, consistent and controlled
More informationOWL and tractability. Based on slides from Ian Horrocks and Franz Baader. Combining the strengths of UMIST and The Victoria University of Manchester
OWL and tractability Based on slides from Ian Horrocks and Franz Baader Where are we? OWL Reasoning DL Extensions Scalability OWL OWL in practice PL/FOL XML RDF(S)/SPARQL Practical Topics Repetition: DL
More informationFormalising the Semantic Web. (These slides have been written by Axel Polleres, WU Vienna)
Formalising the Semantic Web (These slides have been written by Axel Polleres, WU Vienna) The Semantics of RDF graphs Consider the following RDF data (written in Turtle): @prefix rdfs: .
More informationLogic and its Applications
Logic and its Applications Edmund Burke and Eric Foxley PRENTICE HALL London New York Toronto Sydney Tokyo Singapore Madrid Mexico City Munich Contents Preface xiii Propositional logic 1 1.1 Informal introduction
More informationSemantic Web. RDF and RDF Schema. Morteza Amini. Sharif University of Technology Spring 90-91
بسمه تعالی Semantic Web RDF and RDF Schema Morteza Amini Sharif University of Technology Spring 90-91 Outline Metadata RDF RDFS RDF(S) Tools 2 Semantic Web: Problems (1) Too much Web information around
More informationHandling time in RDF
Time in RDF p. 1/15 Handling time in RDF Claudio Gutierrez (Joint work with C. Hurtado and A. Vaisman) Department of Computer Science Universidad de Chile UPM, Madrid, January 2009 Time in RDF p. 2/15
More informationSemantic Technologies
Semantic Technologies Part 14: Werner Nutt Acknowledgment These slides are based on the Latex version of slides by Markus Krötzsch of TU Dresden W. Nutt Semantic Technologies 2014/2015 (1/66) OWL W. Nutt
More informationDescription Logics. Description Logics and Databases
1 + Description Logics Description Logics and Databases Enrico Franconi Department of Computer Science University of Manchester http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~franconi 2 + Description Logics and Databases Queries
More informationSemantic Web Test
Semantic Web Test 24.01.2017 Group 1 No. A B C D 1 X X X 2 X X 3 X X 4 X X 5 X X 6 X X X X 7 X X 8 X X 9 X X X 10 X X X 11 X 12 X X X 13 X X 14 X X 15 X X 16 X X 17 X 18 X X 19 X 20 X X 1. Which statements
More informationINF3580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2012
INF3580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2012 Lecture 10: OWL, the Web Ontology Language Martin G. Skjæveland 20th March 2012 Department of Informatics University of Oslo Outline Reminder: RDFS 1 Reminder:
More informationLogic and Reasoning in the Semantic Web (part I RDF/RDFS)
Logic and Reasoning in the Semantic Web (part I RDF/RDFS) Fulvio Corno, Laura Farinetti Politecnico di Torino Dipartimento di Automatica e Informatica e-lite Research Group http://elite.polito.it Outline
More informationRDF Schema. Mario Arrigoni Neri
RDF Schema Mario Arrigoni Neri Semantic heterogeneity Standardization: commitment on common shared markup If no existing application If market-leaders can define de-facto standards Translation: create
More informationSEMANTIC WEB AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INFERENCE ENGINES
SEMANTIC WEB AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INFERENCE ENGINES Ms. Neha Dalwadi 1, Prof. Bhaumik Nagar 2, Prof. Ashwin Makwana 1 1 Computer Engineering, Chandubhai S Patel Institute of Technology Changa, Dist.
More informationCSCI.6962/4962 Software Verification Fundamental Proof Methods in Computer Science (Arkoudas and Musser) Chapter p. 1/27
CSCI.6962/4962 Software Verification Fundamental Proof Methods in Computer Science (Arkoudas and Musser) Chapter 2.1-2.7 p. 1/27 CSCI.6962/4962 Software Verification Fundamental Proof Methods in Computer
More informationAutomated Reasoning PROLOG and Automated Reasoning 13.4 Further Issues in Automated Reasoning 13.5 Epilogue and References 13.
13 Automated Reasoning 13.0 Introduction to Weak Methods in Theorem Proving 13.1 The General Problem Solver and Difference Tables 13.2 Resolution Theorem Proving 13.3 PROLOG and Automated Reasoning 13.4
More informationA Technique for Automatic Construction of Ontology from Existing Database to Facilitate Semantic Web
10th International Conference on Information Technology A Technique for Automatic Construction of Ontology from Existing Database to Facilitate Semantic Web Debajyoti Mukhopadhyay, Aritra Banik, Sreemoyee
More informationDescription Logic: A Formal Foundation for Ontology Languages and Tools
Description Logic: A Formal Foundation for Ontology Languages and Tools Part 2: Tools Ian Horrocks Information Systems Group Oxford University Computing Laboratory Contents
More informationSWAD-Europe Deliverable 8.1 Core RDF Vocabularies for Thesauri
Mon Jun 07 2004 12:07:51 Europe/London SWAD-Europe Deliverable 8.1 Core RDF Vocabularies for Thesauri Project name: Semantic Web Advanced Development for Europe (SWAD-Europe) Project Number: IST-2001-34732
More informationSemistructured Data Management Part 3 (Towards the) Semantic Web
Semistructured Data Management Part 3 (Towards the) Semantic Web Semantic Web - 1 1 Today's Question 1. What is the "Semantic Web"? 2. Semantic Annotation using RDF 3. Ontology Languages Semantic Web -
More informationAn Introduction to the Semantic Web. Jeff Heflin Lehigh University
An Introduction to the Semantic Web Jeff Heflin Lehigh University The Semantic Web Definition The Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one, in which information is given well-defined
More informationThe Semantic Web. What is the Semantic Web?
The Semantic Web Alun Preece Computing Science, University of Aberdeen (from autumn 2007: School of Computer Science, Cardiff University) What is the Semantic Web, and why do we need it now? How does the
More informationINF3580/4580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2017
INF3580/4580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2017 Lecture 10: OWL, the Web Ontology Language Leif Harald Karlsen 20th March 2017 Department of Informatics University of Oslo Reminders Oblig. 5: First deadline
More informationFor return on 19 January 2018 (late submission: 2 February 2018)
Semantic Technologies Autumn 2017 Coursework For return on 19 January 2018 (late submission: 2 February 2018) Electronic submission:.pdf and.owl files only 1. (6%) Consider the following XML document:
More informationKnowledge Representation on the Web
Knowledge Representation on the Web Stefan Decker 1, Dieter Fensel 2, Frank van Harmelen 2,3, Ian Horrocks 4, Sergey Melnik 1, Michel Klein 2 and Jeen Broekstra 3 1 AIFB, University of Karlsruhe, Germany
More informationTyped Lambda Calculus
Department of Linguistics Ohio State University Sept. 8, 2016 The Two Sides of A typed lambda calculus (TLC) can be viewed in two complementary ways: model-theoretically, as a system of notation for functions
More informationUnit 2 RDF Formal Semantics in Detail
Unit 2 RDF Formal Semantics in Detail Axel Polleres Siemens AG Österreich VU 184.729 Semantic Web Technologies A. Polleres VU 184.729 1/41 Where are we? Last time we learnt: Basic ideas about RDF and how
More informationToday s Plan. INF3580 Semantic Technologies Spring Model-theoretic semantics, a quick recap. Outline
Today s Plan INF3580 Semantic Technologies Spring 2011 Lecture 6: Introduction to Reasoning with RDF 1 Martin Giese 1st March 2010 2 3 Domains, ranges and open worlds Department of Informatics University
More informationKnowledge Engineering with Semantic Web Technologies
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 (CC BY-NC 3.0) Knowledge Engineering with Semantic Web Technologies Lecture 3 Ontologies and Logic 3.7 Description Logics
More informationOWL 2 Syntax and Semantics Sebastian Rudolph
FOUNDATIONS OF SEMANTIC WEB TECHNOLOGIES OWL 2 Syntax and Semantics Sebastian Rudolph OWL OWL Agenda Recap OWL & Overview OWL 2 The Description Logic SROIQ Inferencing with SROIQ OWL 2 DL OWL 2 Profiles
More informationLecture 14: Lower Bounds for Tree Resolution
IAS/PCMI Summer Session 2000 Clay Mathematics Undergraduate Program Advanced Course on Computational Complexity Lecture 14: Lower Bounds for Tree Resolution David Mix Barrington and Alexis Maciel August
More informationAI Fundamentals: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning. Maria Simi
AI Fundamentals: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning Maria Simi Description logics LESSON 6: SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS, DECISION PROBLEMS, INFERENCE Categories and objects [AIMA, Cap 12] Most of the reasoning
More informationKnowledge-Based Validation, Aggregation and Visualization of Meta-Data: Analyzing a Web-Based Information System
Knowledge-Based Validation, Aggregation and Visualization of Meta-Data: Analyzing a Web-Based Information System Heiner Stuckenschmidt 1 and Frank van Harmelen 2,3 1 Center for Computing Technologies,
More informationDescription Logics as Ontology Languages for Semantic Webs
Description Logics as Ontology Languages for Semantic Webs Franz Baader, Ian Horrocks, and Ulrike Sattler Presented by:- Somya Gupta(10305011) Akshat Malu (10305012) Swapnil Ghuge (10305907) Presentation
More informationOpus: University of Bath Online Publication Store
Patel, M. (2002) Metadata vocabularies and ontologies. In: Ontologies & Communications Working Group Meeting, Agentcities Information Day 2, 2002-09-09-2002-09-10, Lisbon. Link to official URL (if available):
More informationQuery Decomposition and Data Localization
Query Decomposition and Data Localization Query Decomposition and Data Localization Query decomposition and data localization consists of two steps: Mapping of calculus query (SQL) to algebra operations
More informationReasoning with Expressive Description Logics: Theory and Practice
Reasoning with Expressive Description Logics: Theory and Practice Ian Horrocks horrocks@cs.man.ac.uk University of Manchester Manchester, UK Reasoning with Expressive DLs p.1/39 Talk Outline Introduction
More informationFIPA RDF Content Language Specification
1 2 3 4 5 FOUNDATION FOR INTELLIGENT PHYSICAL AGENTS FIPA RDF Content Language Specification 6 7 Document title FIPA RDF Content Language Specification Document number XC00011B Document source FIPA TC
More informationOSM Lecture (14:45-16:15) Takahira Yamaguchi. OSM Exercise (16:30-18:00) Susumu Tamagawa
OSM Lecture (14:45-16:15) Takahira Yamaguchi OSM Exercise (16:30-18:00) Susumu Tamagawa TBL 1 st Proposal Information Management: A Proposal (1989) Links have the following types: depends on is part of
More informationOWL 2 Profiles. An Introduction to Lightweight Ontology Languages. Markus Krötzsch University of Oxford. Reasoning Web 2012
University of Oxford Department of Computer Science OWL 2 Profiles An Introduction to Lightweight Ontology Languages Markus Krötzsch University of Oxford Reasoning Web 2012 Remark for the Online Version
More informationDescription logic reasoning using the PTTP approach
Description logic reasoning using the PTTP approach Zsolt Nagy, Gergely Lukácsy, Péter Szeredi Budapest University of Technology and Economics Department of Computer Science and Information Theory {zsnagy,
More informationUsing RDF to Model the Structure and Process of Systems
Using RDF to Model the Structure and Process of Systems Marko A. Rodriguez Jennifer H. Watkins Johan Bollen Los Alamos National Laboratory {marko,jhw,jbollen}@lanl.gov Carlos Gershenson New England Complex
More informationMaking BioPAX SPARQL
Making BioPAX SPARQL hands on... start a terminal create a directory jena_workspace, move into that directory download jena.jar (http://tinyurl.com/3vlp7rw) download biopax data (http://www.biopax.org/junk/homosapiens.nt
More informationLecture 4: January 12, 2015
32002: AI (First Order Predicate Logic, Interpretation and Inferences) Spring 2015 Lecturer: K.R. Chowdhary Lecture 4: January 12, 2015 : Professor of CS (VF) Disclaimer: These notes have not been subjected
More informationIntroduction to Ontologies
Introduction to Ontologies Jon Atle Gulla Ontology (from the Greek nominative ὤν: being, genitive ὄντος: of being (participle of εἶναι: to be) and -λογία: science, study, theory) is a study of conceptions
More informationKnowledge Representation. CS 486/686: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence
Knowledge Representation CS 486/686: Introduction to Artificial Intelligence 1 Outline Knowledge-based agents Logics in general Propositional Logic& Reasoning First Order Logic 2 Introduction So far we
More informationRuleML and SWRL, Proof and Trust
RuleML and SWRL, Proof and Trust Semantic Web F. Abel and D. Krause IVS Semantic Web Group January 17, 2008 1 Solution 1: RuleML Express the following RuleML code as a human-readable First Order Logic
More informationRDF(S) Resource Description Framework (Schema)
RDF(S) Resource Description Framework (Schema) Where are we? OWL Reasoning DL Extensions Scalability OWL OWL in practice PL/FOL XML RDF(S) Practical Topics 2 Where are we? PL, FOL, XML Today: RDF Purposes?
More informationThe Logic Paradigm. Joseph Spring. 7COM1023 Programming Paradigms
The Logic Paradigm Joseph Spring 7COM1023 Programming Paradigms 1 Discussion The Logic Paradigm Propositional and Predicate Logic See also notes and slides on PP website Horn Clauses Definition, Examples
More information