Type checking of statements We change the start rule from P D ; E to P D ; S and add the following rules for statements: S id := E
|
|
- Marion Poole
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Type checking of statements We change the start rule from P D ; E to P D ; S and add the following rules for statements: S id := E if E then S while E do S S ; S
2 Type checking of statements The purpose is to recurse the program to find all the expressions in the statements. The statements themselves have no special type, i.e. they are void, unless they contain some type error in which case they are error. S id := E {S.type =if lookup(id.entry) = E.type then void else error } if E then { S 1 } {S.type =if E.type = bool then S 1.type else error } while E do{s 1 } {S.type =if E.type = bool then S 1.type else error } S 1 ; S 2 {S.type =if S 1.type = void and S 2.type = void then S 1.type else error }
3 Exercises Extend the grammar so that it is allowed to access array elements, like a[5] := a[7] mod 42 Add type checking semantics (SDD) for the new grammar rules. Extend the grammar to handle function calls in statements, like foo(a, b+c) Add type checking semantics (SDD) for the new grammar rules.
4 P D ; E {P.type := E.type } D D ; D id: T {addtype(id.lexval, T.type) } T char {T.type := char } integer {T.type := integer } array [num] of T 1 {T.type := array(t 1.type) } ^T 1 {T.type := pointer(t 1.type) } T 1 -> T 2 {T.type := T 1.type -> T 2.type } E literal {E.type := char } num {E.type := integer } id {E.type := lookup(id.lexval)} E 1 mod E 2 {E.type := if E 1.type = integer and E 2.type=integer then E 1.type else error} E 1 [E 2 ] {E.type := if E 1.type = array(t) and E 2.type=integer then t else error } E 1^ {E.type := if E 1.type = pointer(t) then t else error } E 1 (E 2 ) {E.type := if E 1.type = s -> t and E 2.type = s then t else error S id := E {S.type =if lookup(id.entry) = E.type then void else error } if E then { S 1 } {S.type =if E.type = bool then S 1.type else error } while E do{s 1 } {S.type =if E.type = bool then S 1.type else error } S 1 ; S 2 {S.type =if S 1.type = void and S 2.type = void then S 1.type else error }
5 Equivalence between type expressions Suppose we have two language constructs for which we need to compare the types, e.g. in void foo(struct A x, int y, float z);... foo(a, b, c); we need to compare the type of function call with the type of the declaration of foo. In particular this is an issue when comparing composed types. In general two type expressions are equivalent if they are The same basic types or Are constructed from the same type constructors applied to equivalent sub type expressions If the language supports naming of constructed types, the names may have the same role as the basic types (simplifying the type checking).
6 Equivalence between type expressions More specific: bool equiv(s, t) if s and t are the same basic type then return true else if s=array(s') and t=array(t') then return equiv(s', t') else if s=s' x s'' and t=t' x t'' then return equiv(s', t') and equiv(s'', t'') else if s=pointer(s') and t=pointer(t') then return equiv(s', t') else if s=s' -> s'' and t=t' -> t'' then return equiv(s', t') and equiv(s'', t'') else return false
7 Recursively defined data structures Assume this C-code: struct RECORD {void *data; struct RECORD *next;}; struct RECORD *record; What is the type of record? With name equivalence: pointer With structural equivalence: pointer struct RECORD x x x data pointer next pointer void
8 Type and name equivalence C uses name equivalens, counting struct <name> as a name: struct A {int x;}; struct B {int x;}; struct X {int x;}; typedef struct X C; typedef struct X D; void foo(void) { struct A a; struct B b; C c; D d; a = b; /* Error: struct A and struct B are different type names */ c = d; /* C and D are equal */ }
9 Type conversions Languages may allow for type conversion. This means to make a copy of a data object, where the copy has another type than the original. unsigned int x=42; (unsigned long)x Extend with a couple 0 bits. (float)x Convert to a completely different bit pattern, preserving the meaning of the content (eventually loosing some precision) (char*)x completely different. (struct A)x Keep the bit pattern but the meaning will be There is no possible meaning with this - error
10 Type conversions Checking of type for a + operator allowing for real and int, and allowing for implicit conversion of int to real in the language. E E 1 + E 2 {E.type= if E 1.type=int and E 2.type=int then int else if E 1.type=real and E 2.type=real then real else if E 1.type=int and E 2.type=real then real else if E 1.type=real and E 2.type=int then real else error }...
11 Type conversions Explicit type conversions will appear as operators to the type checker F id num (type) F! F Syntax tree for x + ( int ) y + id Compare to x +! y + toint id id! id
Type Checking. Error Checking
Type Checking Error Checking Dynamic checking takes place while program is running Static checking takes place during compilation Type checks Flow-of-control checks Uniqueness checks Name-related checks
More informationType systems. Static typing
Type system A type is a set of values and operations on those values A language s type system specifies which operations are valid for a type The aim of type checking is to ensure that operations are used
More informationComputer Science Department Carlos III University of Madrid Leganés (Spain) David Griol Barres
Computer Science Department Carlos III University of Madrid Leganés (Spain) David Griol Barres dgriol@inf.uc3m.es Introduction He am a driver might be syntactically correct but semantically wrong. Semantic
More informationType Checking. CS308 Compiler Theory 1
Type Checking CS308 Compiler Theory 1 Type Checking A compiler has to do semantic checks in addition to syntactic checks. Semantic Checks Static done during compilation Dynamic done during run-time Type
More informationCompilerconstructie. najaar Rudy van Vliet kamer 124 Snellius, tel rvvliet(at)liacs.
Compilerconstructie najaar 2012 http://www.liacs.nl/home/rvvliet/coco/ Rudy van Vliet kamer 124 Snellius, tel. 071-527 5777 rvvliet(at)liacs.nl college 5, dinsdag 9 oktober 2012 Static Type Checking 1
More informationIntermediate Code Generation Part II
Intermediate Code Generation Part II Chapter 6: Type checking, Control Flow Slides adapted from : Robert van Engelen, Florida State University Static versus Dynamic Checking Static checking: the compiler
More informationFormal Languages and Compilers Lecture IX Semantic Analysis: Type Chec. Type Checking & Symbol Table
Formal Languages and Compilers Lecture IX Semantic Analysis: Type Checking & Symbol Table Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Faculty of Computer Science POS Building, Room: 2.03 artale@inf.unibz.it http://www.inf.unibz.it/
More informationStatic Checking and Type Systems
1 Static Checking and Type Systems Chapter 6 COP5621 Compiler Construction Copyright Robert van Engelen, Florida State University, 2007-2009 2 The Structure of our Compiler Revisited Character stream Lexical
More informationType Checking. Chapter 6, Section 6.3, 6.5
Type Checking Chapter 6, Section 6.3, 6.5 Inside the Compiler: Front End Lexical analyzer (aka scanner) Converts ASCII or Unicode to a stream of tokens Syntax analyzer (aka parser) Creates a parse tree
More informationCOMP 181. Agenda. Midterm topics. Today: type checking. Purpose of types. Type errors. Type checking
Agenda COMP 181 Type checking October 21, 2009 Next week OOPSLA: Object-oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications One of the top PL conferences Monday (Oct 26 th ) In-class midterm Review
More informationType Analysis. Type Checking vs. Type Inference
Type Analysis Is an operator applied to an incompatible operand? Type checking: Static: Check for type compatibility at compile time Dynamic: Check for type compatibility at run time Type analysis phase
More informationCompilers. Type checking. Yannis Smaragdakis, U. Athens (original slides by Sam
Compilers Type checking Yannis Smaragdakis, U. Athens (original slides by Sam Guyer@Tufts) Summary of parsing Parsing A solid foundation: context-free grammars A simple parser: LL(1) A more powerful parser:
More informationType Checking. Outline. General properties of type systems. Types in programming languages. Notation for type rules.
Outline Type Checking General properties of type systems Types in programming languages Notation for type rules Logical rules of inference Common type rules 2 Static Checking Refers to the compile-time
More informationOutline. General properties of type systems. Types in programming languages. Notation for type rules. Common type rules. Logical rules of inference
Type Checking Outline General properties of type systems Types in programming languages Notation for type rules Logical rules of inference Common type rules 2 Static Checking Refers to the compile-time
More informationConcepts Introduced in Chapter 6
Concepts Introduced in Chapter 6 types of intermediate code representations translation of declarations arithmetic expressions boolean expressions flow-of-control statements backpatching EECS 665 Compiler
More informationAgenda. The main body and cout. Fundamental data types. Declarations and definitions. Control structures
The main body and cout Agenda 1 Fundamental data types Declarations and definitions Control structures References, pass-by-value vs pass-by-references The main body and cout 2 C++ IS AN OO EXTENSION OF
More informationa data type is Types
Pointers Class 2 a data type is Types Types a data type is a set of values a set of operations defined on those values in C++ (and most languages) there are two flavors of types primitive or fundamental
More informationLecture 7: Type Systems and Symbol Tables. CS 540 George Mason University
Lecture 7: Type Systems and Symbol Tables CS 540 George Mason University Static Analysis Compilers examine code to find semantic problems. Easy: undeclared variables, tag matching Difficult: preventing
More informationCOP5621 Exam 3 - Spring 2005
COP5621 Exam 3 - Spring 2005 Name: (Please print) Put the answers on these sheets. Use additional sheets when necessary. Show how you derived your answer when applicable (this is required for full cred
More information5. Syntax-Directed Definitions & Type Analysis
5. Syntax-Directed Definitions & Type Analysis Eva Rose Kristoffer Rose NYU Courant Institute Compiler Construction (CSCI-GA.2130-001) http://cs.nyu.edu/courses/spring15/csci-ga.2130-001/lecture-5.pdf
More informationChapter-8 DATA TYPES. Introduction. Variable:
Chapter-8 DATA TYPES Introduction To understand any programming languages we need to first understand the elementary concepts which form the building block of that program. The basic building blocks include
More informationPrinciples of Programming Languages
Principles of Programming Languages h"p://www.di.unipi.it/~andrea/dida2ca/plp- 14/ Prof. Andrea Corradini Department of Computer Science, Pisa Lesson 14! Sta:c versus Dynamic Checking Type checking Type
More informationConcepts Introduced in Chapter 6
Concepts Introduced in Chapter 6 types of intermediate code representations translation of declarations arithmetic expressions boolean expressions flow-of-control statements backpatching EECS 665 Compiler
More informationAdvanced Systems Programming
Advanced Systems Programming Introduction to C++ Martin Küttler September 19, 2017 1 / 18 About this presentation This presentation is not about learning programming or every C++ feature. It is a short
More informationSemantic Analysis and Type Checking
Semantic Analysis and Type Checking The compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser Semantic routines: interpret meaning of the program based on
More informationAryan College. Fundamental of C Programming. Unit I: Q1. What will be the value of the following expression? (2017) A + 9
Fundamental of C Programming Unit I: Q1. What will be the value of the following expression? (2017) A + 9 Q2. Write down the C statement to calculate percentage where three subjects English, hindi, maths
More informationStack. 4. In Stack all Operations such as Insertion and Deletion are permitted at only one end. Size of the Stack 6. Maximum Value of Stack Top 5
What is Stack? Stack 1. Stack is LIFO Structure [ Last in First Out ] 2. Stack is Ordered List of Elements of Same Type. 3. Stack is Linear List 4. In Stack all Operations such as Insertion and Deletion
More informationTypes. Type checking. Why Do We Need Type Systems? Types and Operations. What is a type? Consensus
Types Type checking What is a type? The notion varies from language to language Consensus A set of values A set of operations on those values Classes are one instantiation of the modern notion of type
More informationThe compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser
Semantic Analysis The compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser Semantic routines: interpret meaning of the program based on its syntactic structure
More informationAppendix. Grammar. A.1 Introduction. A.2 Keywords. There is no worse danger for a teacher than to teach words instead of things.
A Appendix Grammar There is no worse danger for a teacher than to teach words instead of things. Marc Block Introduction keywords lexical conventions programs expressions statements declarations declarators
More informationTokens, Expressions and Control Structures
3 Tokens, Expressions and Control Structures Tokens Keywords Identifiers Data types User-defined types Derived types Symbolic constants Declaration of variables Initialization Reference variables Type
More informationCSC 467 Lecture 13-14: Semantic Analysis
CSC 467 Lecture 13-14: Semantic Analysis Recall Parsing is to translate token stream to parse tree Today How to build trees: syntax direction translation How to add information to trees: semantic analysis
More informationMore On Syntax Directed Translation
More On Syntax Directed Translation 1 Types of Attributes We have productions of the form: A X 1 X 2 X 3... X n with semantic rules of the form: b:= f(c 1, c 2, c 3,..., c n ) where b and the c s are attributes
More informationMotivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
A History Lesson C Basics 1 Development of language by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs culminated in the C language in 1972. Motivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
More informationThere is a level of correctness that is deeper than grammar. There is a level of correctness that is deeper than grammar
Beyond Syntax There is a level of correctness that is deeper than grammar fie(a,b,c,d) int a, b, c, d; { } What is wrong with this program? (let me count the ways ) fee() { int f[3],g[0], h, i, j, k; char
More informationTest I Solutions MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Spring Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 6.035 Spring 2013 Test I Solutions Mean 83 Median 87 Std. dev 13.8203 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50
More informationPART 4 - SYNTAX DIRECTED TRANSLATION. F. Wotawa TU Graz) Compiler Construction Summer term / 309
PART 4 - SYNTAX DIRECTED TRANSLATION F. Wotawa (IST @ TU Graz) Compiler Construction Summer term 2016 109 / 309 Setting Translation of context-free languages Information attributes of grammar symbols Values
More informationAnnouncements. Working on requirements this week Work on design, implementation. Types. Lecture 17 CS 169. Outline. Java Types
Announcements Types Working on requirements this week Work on design, implementation Lecture 17 CS 169 Prof. Brewer CS 169 Lecture 16 1 Prof. Brewer CS 169 Lecture 16 2 Outline Type concepts Where do types
More informationComputational Expression
Computational Expression Variables, Primitive Data Types, Expressions Janyl Jumadinova 28-30 January, 2019 Janyl Jumadinova Computational Expression 28-30 January, 2019 1 / 17 Variables Variable is a name
More informationVariables. Data Types.
Variables. Data Types. The usefulness of the "Hello World" programs shown in the previous section is quite questionable. We had to write several lines of code, compile them, and then execute the resulting
More informationLexical and Syntax Analysis. Abstract Syntax
Lexical and Syntax Analysis Abstract Syntax What is Parsing? Parser String of characters Data structure Easy for humans to write Easy for programs to process A parser also checks that the input string
More informationSemantic Analysis. How to Ensure Type-Safety. What Are Types? Static vs. Dynamic Typing. Type Checking. Last time: CS412/CS413
CS412/CS413 Introduction to Compilers Tim Teitelbaum Lecture 13: Types and Type-Checking 19 Feb 07 Semantic Analysis Last time: Semantic errors related to scopes Symbol tables Name resolution This lecture:
More informationType Inference Systems. Type Judgments. Deriving a Type Judgment. Deriving a Judgment. Hypothetical Type Judgments CS412/CS413
Type Inference Systems CS412/CS413 Introduction to Compilers Tim Teitelbaum Type inference systems define types for all legal programs in a language Type inference systems are to type-checking: As regular
More informationMotivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
A History Lesson C Basics 1 Development of language by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs culminated in the C language in 1972. Motivation was to facilitate development of systems software, especially OS development.
More informationThe Compiler So Far. Lexical analysis Detects inputs with illegal tokens. Overview of Semantic Analysis
The Compiler So Far Overview of Semantic Analysis Adapted from Lectures by Profs. Alex Aiken and George Necula (UCB) Lexical analysis Detects inputs with illegal tokens Parsing Detects inputs with ill-formed
More informationFrancesco Nidito. Programmazione Avanzata AA 2007/08
Francesco Nidito in the Programmazione Avanzata AA 2007/08 Outline 1 2 3 in the in the 4 Reference: Micheal L. Scott, Programming Languages Pragmatics, Chapter 7 What is a type? in the What is a type?
More information#include <stdio.h> int main() { char s[] = Hsjodi, *p; for (p = s + 5; p >= s; p--) --*p; puts(s); return 0;
1. Short answer questions: (a) Compare the typical contents of a module s header file to the contents of a module s implementation file. Which of these files defines the interface between a module and
More informationProposal for Extending the switch statement
Doc No: N1741=04-0181 Project: Programming Language C++ Date: Friday, November 05, 2004 Author: Francis Glassborow email: francis@robinton.demon.co.uk Proposal for Extending the switch statement Note this
More informationRecap. ANSI C Reserved Words C++ Multimedia Programming Lecture 2. Erwin M. Bakker Joachim Rijsdam
Multimedia Programming 2004 Lecture 2 Erwin M. Bakker Joachim Rijsdam Recap Learning C++ by example No groups: everybody should experience developing and programming in C++! Assignments will determine
More informationC Language Part 1 Digital Computer Concept and Practice Copyright 2012 by Jaejin Lee
C Language Part 1 (Minor modifications by the instructor) References C for Python Programmers, by Carl Burch, 2011. http://www.toves.org/books/cpy/ The C Programming Language. 2nd ed., Kernighan, Brian,
More informationWelcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 1/9/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program:
Welcome Back CSCI 262 Data Structures 2 - Review What you learned in CSCI 261 (or equivalent): Variables Types Arrays Expressions Conditionals Branches & Loops Functions Recursion Classes & Objects Streams
More informationCMSC 330: Organization of Programming Languages. Formal Semantics of a Prog. Lang. Specifying Syntax, Semantics
Recall Architecture of Compilers, Interpreters CMSC 330: Organization of Programming Languages Source Scanner Parser Static Analyzer Operational Semantics Intermediate Representation Front End Back End
More informationCS412/CS413. Introduction to Compilers Tim Teitelbaum. Lecture 17: Types and Type-Checking 25 Feb 08
CS412/CS413 Introduction to Compilers Tim Teitelbaum Lecture 17: Types and Type-Checking 25 Feb 08 CS 412/413 Spring 2008 Introduction to Compilers 1 What Are Types? Types describe the values possibly
More informationType Conversion. and. Statements
and Statements Type conversion changing a value from one type to another Void Integral Floating Point Derived Boolean Character Integer Real Imaginary Complex no fractional part fractional part 2 tj Suppose
More informationLecture #23: Conversion and Type Inference
Lecture #23: Conversion and Type Inference Administrivia. Due date for Project #2 moved to midnight tonight. Midterm mean 20, median 21 (my expectation: 17.5). Last modified: Fri Oct 20 10:46:40 2006 CS164:
More informationConversion vs. Subtyping. Lecture #23: Conversion and Type Inference. Integer Conversions. Conversions: Implicit vs. Explicit. Object x = "Hello";
Lecture #23: Conversion and Type Inference Administrivia. Due date for Project #2 moved to midnight tonight. Midterm mean 20, median 21 (my expectation: 17.5). In Java, this is legal: Object x = "Hello";
More informationThe University of Alabama in Huntsville Electrical and Computer Engineering CPE Example of Objective Test Questions for Test 4
The University of Alabama in Huntsville Electrical and Computer Engineering CPE 112 02 Example of Objective Test Questions for Test 4 True or False Name: 1. The statement switch (n) case 8 : alpha++; case
More informationType Checking. Prof. James L. Frankel Harvard University
Type Checking Prof. James L. Frankel Harvard University Version of 7:10 PM 27-Feb-2018 Copyright 2018, 2016, 2015 James L. Frankel. All rights reserved. C Types C Types Type Category Type Category Type
More informationAnatomy of a Compiler. Overview of Semantic Analysis. The Compiler So Far. Why a Separate Semantic Analysis?
Anatomy of a Compiler Program (character stream) Lexical Analyzer (Scanner) Syntax Analyzer (Parser) Semantic Analysis Parse Tree Intermediate Code Generator Intermediate Code Optimizer Code Generator
More informationSymbol Tables. For compile-time efficiency, compilers often use a symbol table: associates lexical names (symbols) with their attributes
For compile-time efficiency, compilers often use a symbol table: associates lexical names (symbols) with their attributes What items should be entered? variable names defined constants procedure and function
More informationSemantic Analysis with Attribute Grammars Part 5
with Attribute Grammars Part 5 Department of Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 NPTEL Course on Principles of Compiler Design Outline of the Lecture Introduction
More informationLecture 12: Data Types (and Some Leftover ML)
Lecture 12: Data Types (and Some Leftover ML) COMP 524 Programming Language Concepts Stephen Olivier March 3, 2009 Based on slides by A. Block, notes by N. Fisher, F. Hernandez-Campos, and D. Stotts Goals
More information1 Lexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2013 Handout Decaf Language Thursday, Feb 7 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationLexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Fall 2005 Handout 6 Decaf Language Wednesday, September 7 The project for the course is to write a
More informationCSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools. Hal Perkins Spring 2010
CSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools Hal Perkins Spring 2010 Lecture 12 C: structs, t linked lists, and casts Where we are We ve seen most of the basic stuff about C, but we still need to look at structs
More informationIntermediate Code Generation
Intermediate Code Generation In the analysis-synthesis model of a compiler, the front end analyzes a source program and creates an intermediate representation, from which the back end generates target
More informationWelcome Back. CSCI 262 Data Structures. Hello, Let s Review. Hello, Let s Review. How to Review 8/19/ Review. Here s a simple C++ program:
Welcome Back CSCI 262 Data Structures 2 - Review What you learned in CSCI 261 (or equivalent): Variables Types Arrays Expressions Conditionals Branches & Loops Functions Recursion Classes & Objects Streams
More informationLecture Overview. [Scott, chapter 7] [Sebesta, chapter 6]
1 Lecture Overview Types 1. Type systems 2. How to think about types 3. The classification of types 4. Type equivalence structural equivalence name equivalence 5. Type compatibility 6. Type inference [Scott,
More informationC# Types. Industrial Programming. Value Types. Signed and Unsigned. Lecture 3: C# Fundamentals
C# Types Industrial Programming Lecture 3: C# Fundamentals Industrial Programming 1 Industrial Programming 2 Value Types Memory location contains the data. Integers: Signed: sbyte, int, short, long Unsigned:
More informationCompiler Theory. (Semantic Analysis and Run-Time Environments)
Compiler Theory (Semantic Analysis and Run-Time Environments) 005 Semantic Actions A compiler must do more than recognise whether a sentence belongs to the language of a grammar it must do something useful
More informationSyntax-Directed Translation Part II
Syntax-Directed Translation Part II Chapter 5 Slides adapted from : Robert van Engelen, Florida State University Alessandro Artale, Free University of Bolzano Syntax-Directed Translation Schemes Syntax-directed
More informationCompilers CS S-05 Semantic Analysis
Compilers CS414-2003S-05 Semantic Analysis David Galles Department of Computer Science University of San Francisco 05-0: Syntax Errors/Semantic Errors A program has syntax errors if it cannot be generated
More informationG Programming Languages Spring 2010 Lecture 6. Robert Grimm, New York University
G22.2110-001 Programming Languages Spring 2010 Lecture 6 Robert Grimm, New York University 1 Review Last week Function Languages Lambda Calculus SCHEME review 2 Outline Promises, promises, promises Types,
More informationCSE302: Compiler Design
CSE302: Compiler Design Instructor: Dr. Liang Cheng Department of Computer Science and Engineering P.C. Rossin College of Engineering & Applied Science Lehigh University April 24, 2007 Outline Recap Three
More informationQUIZ. 1. Explain the meaning of the angle brackets in the declaration of v below:
QUIZ 1. Explain the meaning of the angle brackets in the declaration of v below: This is a template, used for generic programming! QUIZ 2. Why is the vector class called a container? 3. Explain how the
More informationSEMANTIC ANALYSIS TYPES AND DECLARATIONS
SEMANTIC ANALYSIS CS 403: Type Checking Stefan D. Bruda Winter 2015 Parsing only verifies that the program consists of tokens arranged in a syntactically valid combination now we move to check whether
More informationIndustrial Programming
Industrial Programming Lecture 3: C# Fundamentals Industrial Programming 1 C# Types Industrial Programming 2 Value Types Memory location contains the data. Integers: Signed: sbyte, int, short, long Unsigned:
More informationCSCI 2212: Intermediate Programming / C Review, Chapters 10 and 11
... 1/16 CSCI 2212: Intermediate Programming / C Review, Chapters 10 and 11 Alice E. Fischer February 3, 2016 ... 2/16 Outline Basic Types and Diagrams ... 3/16 Basic Types and Diagrams Types in C C has
More information12 CREATING NEW TYPES
Lecture 12 CREATING NEW TYPES of DATA Typedef declaration Enumeration Structure Bit fields Uninon Creating New Types Is difficult to solve complex problems by using programs written with only fundamental
More informationC Language Advanced Concepts. Microcomputer Architecture and Interfacing Colorado School of Mines Professor William Hoff
C Language Advanced Concepts 1 Switch Statement Syntax Example switch (expression) { } case const_expr1: statement1; case const_expr2: : statement2; default: statementn; The break statement causes control
More informationC# Fundamentals. Hans-Wolfgang Loidl School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh
C# Fundamentals Hans-Wolfgang Loidl School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh Semester 1 2018/19 H-W. Loidl (Heriot-Watt Univ) F20SC/F21SC 2018/19
More informationPointers, Pointers, Pointers!
Pointers, Pointers, Pointers! Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers, Pointers! Colin Gordon csgordon@cs.washington.edu University
More information1- Write a single C++ statement that: A. Calculates the sum of the two integrates 11 and 12 and outputs the sum to the consol.
1- Write a single C++ statement that: A. Calculates the sum of the two integrates 11 and 12 and outputs the sum to the consol. B. Outputs to the console a floating point number f1 in scientific format
More informationn Closed book n You are allowed 5 cheat pages n Practice problems available in Course Materials n Check grades in Rainbow grades
Announcements Announcements n HW12: Transaction server n Due today at 2pm n You can use up to 2 late days, as always n Final Exam, December 17, 3-6pm, in DCC 308 and 318 n Closed book n You are allowed
More informationMosig M1 - PLSCD Written exam
Mosig M1 - PLSCD 0809 - Written exam 1 Exercise I : Operational semantics - a debugger In this exercise we consider program execution with the help of a debugger. This execution will be defined on an intermediate
More informationData Storage. August 9, Indiana University. Geoffrey Brown, Bryce Himebaugh 2015 August 9, / 19
Data Storage Geoffrey Brown Bryce Himebaugh Indiana University August 9, 2016 Geoffrey Brown, Bryce Himebaugh 2015 August 9, 2016 1 / 19 Outline Bits, Bytes, Words Word Size Byte Addressable Memory Byte
More informationC-types: basic & constructed. C basic types: int, char, float, C constructed types: pointer, array, struct
C-types: basic & constructed C basic types: int, char, float, C constructed types: pointer, array, struct Memory Management Code Global variables in file (module) Local static variables in functions Dynamic
More informationLexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2010 Handout Decaf Language Tuesday, Feb 2 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationData Types. Every program uses data, either explicitly or implicitly to arrive at a result.
Every program uses data, either explicitly or implicitly to arrive at a result. Data in a program is collected into data structures, and is manipulated by algorithms. Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs
More informationCPE Summer 2015 Exam I (150 pts) June 18, 2015
Name Closed notes and book. If you have any questions ask them. Write clearly and make sure the case of a letter is clear (where applicable) since C++ is case sensitive. You can assume that there is one
More informationLow-Level C Programming. Memory map Pointers Arrays Structures
Low-Level C Programming Memory map Pointers Arrays Structures Memory Map 0x7FFF_FFFF Binaries load at 0x20000 by default Stack start set by binary when started Stack grows downwards You will need one stack
More informationInput And Output of C++
Input And Output of C++ Input And Output of C++ Seperating Lines of Output New lines in output Recall: "\n" "newline" A second method: object endl Examples: cout
More informationEL2310 Scientific Programming
Lecture 11: Memory, Files and Bitoperations (yaseminb@kth.se) Overview Overview Lecture 11: Memory, Files and Bit operations Main function; reading and writing Bitwise Operations Lecture 11: Memory, Files
More informationCPSC 427: Object-Oriented Programming
CPSC 427: Object-Oriented Programming Michael J. Fischer Lecture 20 November 14, 2016 CPSC 427, Lecture 20 1/19 Templates Casts and Conversions CPSC 427, Lecture 20 2/19 Templates CPSC 427, Lecture 20
More informationA JSON Data Processing Language. Audrey Copeland, Walter Meyer, Taimur Samee, Rizwan Syed
A JSON Data Processing Language Audrey Copeland, Walter Meyer, Taimur Samee, Rizwan Syed Introduction Language design centered around the programmatic manipulation of JSON data and interacting with HTTP
More informationName :. Roll No. :... Invigilator s Signature : INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING. Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70
Name :. Roll No. :..... Invigilator s Signature :.. 2011 INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING Time Allotted : 3 Hours Full Marks : 70 The figures in the margin indicate full marks. Candidates are required to give
More informationBasic Types, Variables, Literals, Constants
Basic Types, Variables, Literals, Constants What is in a Word? A byte is the basic addressable unit of memory in RAM Typically it is 8 bits (octet) But some machines had 7, or 9, or... A word is the basic
More informationTutorial 5. Call Stack and Stack Frames. Memory Addresses and Pointers. Content vs Address of Pointers. scanf() function. Perils of Pointers
Tutorial 5 Call Stack and Stack Frames Memory Addresses and Pointers Content vs Address of Pointers scanf() function Perils of Pointers Function Pointers CS 136 Winter 2018 Tutorial 5 1 Call Stack and
More informationFormal Languages and Compilers Lecture X Intermediate Code Generation
Formal Languages and Compilers Lecture X Intermediate Code Generation Free University of Bozen-Bolzano Faculty of Computer Science POS Building, Room: 2.03 artale@inf.unibz.it http://www.inf.unibz.it/
More informationIntroduction to Programming Using Java (98-388)
Introduction to Programming Using Java (98-388) Understand Java fundamentals Describe the use of main in a Java application Signature of main, why it is static; how to consume an instance of your own class;
More information