Tcl script 2

Transcription

1 Ns :

2 nam ns 6... ns 6... nam Tcl script ( ) Xgraph ns

3 42... ns MobileIP CUM wired-cum-wireless wired-cum-wireless IP ns ns TCL (Constructor) 76...command( ) rec( ) 81...rec-myroute-pkt( ) send-myroute-pkt( ) 84...reset-myroute-pkt-timer( ) forward-data() ( )

4 90...TCL (makefile)

5 nam ns (Tcl/Tk, otcl, etc) ns.. nam ns.. Unix : UCB ns download page installation problems page ns-users mailing list. ns. nam ns 'ns- ns. allinone/otcl/' installation. 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH'. Unix gurus ns-users mailing list problem page

6 ns 1.2 ns ns <tclscript>. 'ns <tclscript>' ( ) ns Tcl Tcl ns. nam 1.3 'nam <nam-file>' nam. ns nam '<nam-file>'. nam screenshot

7 nam 1-1 ns Tcl Tcl script 2 (node)..

8 . nam (Template) 2.1 Joe. 'example1.tcl' Tcl.. :. Tcl emacs set ns [new Simulator] nam : set nf [open out.nam w] $ns namtrace-all $nf. nf out.nam. nam proc finish {} { (finish). nam global ns nf $ns flush-trace close $nf exec nam out.nam &

9 exit 0 } 5 Object. 'finish' $ns at 5.0 "finish" ns. 'at'. $ns run 'ns example1.tcl' 'nam: empty trace file out.nam'. (... ) 2.2 ).. ( '$ns at 5.0 "finish' '$ns run' set n0 [$ns node]

10 set n1 [$ns node] 'n1' 'n0' '$ns node'.. $ns duplex-link $n0 $n1 1Mb 10ms DropTail n1 n0.. DropTail 'ns example1.tcl' 10 1 Nam ns. n1 n0 n0. n1

11 #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0 set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0 # Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr0 set interval_ $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0 n0 UDP 500. UDP CBR.( 200 ). 0/005. n1 ( set null0 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n1 $null0 null). $ns connect $udp0 $null0. CBR

12 '$ns at 5.0 "finish" :. $ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop" nam (Play). nam 'Step' nam. 3 4.

13 ( ) nam nam.. set n0 [$ns node] set n1 [$ns node] set n2 [$ns node] set n3 [$ns node]. Tcl $ns duplex-link $n0 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n1 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n3 $n2 1Mb 10ms DropTail.. 're-layout'. nam Tcl..

14 $ns duplex-link-op $n0 $n2 orient right-down $ns duplex-link-op $n1 $n2 orient right-up $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 orient right nam. nam. 1-3 nam... n1 n0 3.2 CBR UDP. n3 (null) #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n0 set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n0 $udp0

15 # Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr0 set interval_ $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0 #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n1 set udp1 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n1 $udp1 # Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp1 set cbr1 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr1 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr1 set interval_ $cbr1 attach-agent $udp1 set null0 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n3 $null0. (null) CBR $ns connect $udp0 $null0

16 $ns connect $udp1 $null0 4/5 0/5 CBR. 4/0 1/0 CBR. $ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 1.0 "$cbr1 start" $ns at 4.0 "$cbr1 stop" $ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop" 'ns example2.tcl'. n2 n1 n2 n0 n3 n2 200 :. 500 n2 n1 n2 n0 8/0 n3 n2. 1/6. ( ) nam.. n3 n CBR $udp0 set class_ 1

17 $udp1 set class_ 2 Tcl. $ns color 1 Blue $ns color 2 Red. 2-3 n3 n2. ( ) n3 n2 $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuepos 0.5. ns

18 3-3. DropTail. n3 n2 ( ) SFQ. n3 n2. $ns duplex-link-op $n2 $n3 queuepos Tcl 'example3.tcl' Tcl

19 . n0 7.. for {set i 0} {$i < 7} {incr i} { set n($i) [$ns node] }. Tcl.. for {set i 0} {$i < 7} {incr i} { $ns duplex-link $n($i) $n([expr ($i+1)%7]) 1Mb 10ms DropTail } ' for '. " % ". 're-layout' nam. 1-4

20 4.2. n(1) n(0) #Create a UDP agent and attach it to node n(0) set udp0 [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $n(0) $udp0 # Create a CBR traffic source and attach it to udp0 set cbr0 [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr0 set packetsize_ 500 $cbr0 set interval_ $cbr0 attach-agent $udp0 set null0 [new Agent/Null] $ns attach-agent $n(3) $null0 $ns connect $udp0 $null0 $ns at 0.5 "$cbr0 start" $ns at 4.5 "$cbr0 stop" ( ) 2 1.

21 $ns rtmodel-at 1.0 down $n(1) $n(2) $ns rtmodel-at 2.0 up $n(1) $n(2) Tcl $ns rtproto DV nam. 'rtprotodv'

22 3-4 Xgraph 5. 'xgraph', ns-allinone. Xgraph. Tcl. 5.1 :, 1-5

23 set n0 [$ns node] set n1 [$ns node] set n2 [$ns node] set n3 [$ns node] set n4 [$ns node] $ns duplex-link $n0 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n1 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n2 $n3 1Mb 100ms DropTail $ns duplex-link $n3 $n4 1Mb 100ms DropTail. n2 n1, n0. proc attach-expoo-traffic { node sink size burst idle rate } { #Get an instance of the simulator set ns [Simulator instance] #Create a UDP agent and attach it to the node set source [new Agent/UDP] $ns attach-agent $node $source #Create an Expoo traffic agent and set its configuration parameters set traffic [new Application/Traffic/Exponential] $traffic set packetsize_ $size

24 $traffic set burst_time_ $burst $traffic set idle_time_ $idle $traffic set rate_ $rate # Attach traffic source to the traffic generator $traffic attach-agent $source #Connect the source and the sink $ns connect $source $sink return $traffic }, : 6.(Peak) ( ), Traffic/Expoo. n2 n1, n0.., n4 set sink0 [new Agent/LossMonitor] set sink1 [new Agent/LossMonitor] set sink2 [new Agent/LossMonitor] $ns attach-agent $n4 $sink0 $ns attach-agent $n4 $sink1

25 $ns attach-agent $n4 $sink2 set source0 [attach-expoo-traffic $n0 $sink s 1s 100k] set source1 [attach-expoo-traffic $n1 $sink s 1s 200k] set source2 [attach-expoo-traffic $n2 $sink s 1s 300k] Agent/LossMonitor Tcl, set f0 [open out0.tr w] set f1 [open out1.tr w] set f2 [open out2.tr w] 'finish'.,. proc finish {} { global f0 f1 f2 #Close the output files close $f0 close $f1 close $f2

26 #Call xgraph to display the results exec xgraph out0.tr out1.tr out2.tr -geometry 800x400 & exit 0 }. xgraph. (800*400). proc record {} { global sink0 sink1 sink2 f0 f1 f2 #Get an instance of the simulator set ns [Simulator instance] #Set the time after which the procedure should be called again set time 0.5 #How many bytes have been received by the traffic sinks? set bw0 [$sink0 set bytes_] set bw1 [$sink1 set bytes_] set bw2 [$sink2 set bytes_] #Get the current time set now [$ns now] #Calculate the bandwidth (in MBit/s) and write it to the files puts $f0 "$now [expr $bw0/$time*8/ ]"

27 puts $f1 "$now [expr $bw1/$time*8/ ]" puts $f2 "$now [expr $bw2/$time*8/ ]" #Reset the bytes_ values on the traffic sinks $sink0 set bytes_ 0 $sink1 set bytes_ 0 $sink2 set bytes_ 0 #Re-schedule the procedure } $ns at [expr $now+$time] "record".., 5.3 : $ns at 0.0 "record" $ns at 10.0 "$source0 start" $ns at 10.0 "$source1 start" $ns at 10.0 "$source2 start" $ns at 50.0 "$source0 stop" $ns at 50.0 "$source1 stop" $ns at 50.0 "$source2 stop"

28 $ns at 60.0 "finish" $ns run 5 'record' 'finish' 60. xgraph 2-5 xgraph, gnuplot 'record' ns 6. ns.

29 , node_(1) node_(0) ( )., 500mX500m. TCP.,..,.. Tcl, ns. simple-wireless.tcl Interface Queue (IfQ), like Link Layer (LL)., MAC layer,. ad-hoc,..... val(),. simple-wireless.tcl.

30 # ========================================= ============================= # Define options # ========================================= ============================= set val(chan) Channel/WirelessChannel ;# channel type set val(prop) Propagation/TwoRayGround ;# radiopropagation model set val(ant) Antenna/OmniAntenna ;# Antenna type set val(ll) LL ;# Link layer type set val(ifq) Queue/DropTail/PriQueue ;# Interface queue type set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq set val(netif) Phy/WirelessPhy ;# network interface type set val(mac) Mac/802_11 ;# MAC type set val(rp) DSDV ;# ad-hoc routing protocol set val(nn) 2 ;# number of mobilenodes. trace-all set ns_ [new Simulator] simple.tr.

31 set tracefd [open simple.tr w] $ns_ trace-all $tracefd. set topo [new Topography], 500mX500m ( x=500, y=500). x,y $topo load_flatgrid , load_flatgrid {} : God, create-god $val(nn) God hop God... # $ns_ node-config -addressingtype flat or hierarchical or expanded # -adhocrouting DSDV or DSR or TORA # -lltype LL # -mactype Mac/802_11 # -proptype "Propagation/TwoRayGround"

32 # -ifqtype "Queue/DropTail/PriQueue" # -ifqlen 50 # -phytype "Phy/WirelessPhy" # -anttype "Antenna/OmniAntenna" # -channeltype "Channel/WirelessChannel" # -topoinstance $topo # -energymodel "EnergyModel" # -initialenergy (in Joules) # -rxpower (in W) # -txpower (in W) # -agenttrace ON or OFF # -routertrace ON or OFF # -mactrace ON or OFF # -movementtrace ON or OFF : NULL flat :, AgentTrace flat addressing,. RouterTrace (RouterTrace),AGT (AgentTrace).. MAC MacTrace RTR., (MovementTrace) : API

33 # Configure nodes $ns_ node-config -adhocrouting $val(rp) \ -lltype $val(ll) \ -mactype $val(mac) \ -ifqtype $val(ifq) \ -ifqlen $val(ifqlen) \ -anttype $val(ant) \ -proptype $val(prop) \ -phytype $val(netif) \ -topoinstance $topo \ -channeltype $val(chan) \ -agenttrace ON \ -routertrace ON \ -mactrace OFF \ -movementtrace OFF : for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { set node_($i) [$ns_ node ] $node_($i) random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion,. ( ) :

34 # Provide initial (X,Y, for now Z=0) co-ordinates for node_(0) and node_(1) $node_(0) set X_ 5.0 $node_(0) set Y_ 2.0 $node_(0) set Z_ 0.0 $node_(1) set X_ $node_(1) set Y_ $node_(1) set Z_ 0.0. (390,385) 1 (5,2) 0 : # # Node_(1) starts to move towards node_(0) # $ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest " $ns_ at 10.0 "$node_(0) setdest " # Node_(1) then starts to move away from node_(0) $ns_ at "$node_(1) setdest "

35 1, 50.0s $ns_ at 50.0 "$node_(1) setdest " API. (x=25,y=20) 15. :, # TCP connections between node_(0) and node_(1) set tcp [new Agent/TCP] $tcp set class_ 2 set sink [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp $ns_ attach-agent $node_(1) $sink $ns_ connect $tcp $sink set ftp [new Application/FTP] $ftp attach-agent $tcp $ns_ at 10.0 "$ftp start". Tcp,0 Tcp : # # Tell nodes when the simulation ends # for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn) } {incr i} { $ns_ at "$node_($i) reset"; }

36 $ns_ at "stop" $ns_ at "puts \"NS EXITING...\" ; $ns_ halt" proc stop {} { global ns_ tracefd close $tracefd } "$ns_ halt", stop{}, : puts "Starting Simulation..." $ns_ run. simple-wireless.tcl. trace-output file simple.tr. DSDV, RouterTrace AgentTrace Tcp Tcp. 0 Tcp Ack,(Agent) Tcp 0 1,. Tcp ,.,

37 6.2 Multihop,,.. scen-3-test. scen-3-test. 670mX670m ns scen-3-test. ~ns/tcl/mobility/scene. "setdest",cmu,, 3 TCP, CBR. cbr-3-test, simple-wireless.tcl LL, MAC, ). wireless1.tcl y x,,(antenna etc, seed, :. set val(chan) set val(prop) set val(netif) set val(mac) set val(ifq) Channel/WirelessChannel Propagation/TwoRayGround Phy/WirelessPhy Mac/802_11 Queue/DropTail/PriQueue

38 set val(ll) set val(ant) set val(x) set val(y) LL Antenna/OmniAntenna 670 ;# X dimension of the topography 670 ;# Y dimension of the topography set val(ifqlen) 50 ;# max packet in ifq set val(seed) 0.0 set val(adhocrouting) DSR set val(nn) 3 ;# how many nodes are simulated set val(cp) set val(sc) "../mobility/scene/cbr-3-test" "../mobility/scene/scen-3-test" set val(stop) ;# simulation time DSR DSDV. 3 (wireless1-out.tr), ns_. : nam. set tracefd [open wireless1-out.tr w] ;# for wireless traces $ns_ trace-all $tracefd set namtrace [open wireless1-out.nam w] ;# for nam tracing $ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $val(x) $val(y)

39 ,. val(cp) val(sc) # Define node movement model puts "Loading connection pattern..." source $val(cp) # Define traffic model puts "Loading scenario file..." source $val(sc) :,, scen-3-test $ns_ at "$node_(2) setdest \ " 2, 50,, 3/37 (368.4,170.5) : $god_ set-dist hop god,. hop, 2 1. god.,. setdest ( scen-3-test ) setdest

40 god,..,nam. nam nam. # Define node initial position in nam for {set i 0} {$i < $val(nn)} {incr i} { # 20 defines the node size in nam, must adjust it according to your # scenario size. # The function must be called after mobility model is defined $ns_ initial_node_pos $node_($i) 20 } "ns_ run" CMUTrace. puts $tracefd "M 0.0 nn $val(nn) x $val(x) y $val(y) rp $val(adhocrouting)" puts $tracefd "M 0.0 sc $val(sc) cp $val(cp) seed $val(seed)" puts $tracefd "M 0.0 prop $val(prop) ant $val(ant)"

41 . wireless1.tcl..., ns wireless1.tcl,nam "wireless1-out.tr",cmutrace, wireless1-out.nam. "wireless1-out.nam". nam. movementtrace AgentTrace, RouteTrace, MacTrace ( 1 ) 1, 2 0

42 MobileIP CUM 7 ns wired-cum-wireless 7.1 LAN multi-hop ad-hoc, LAN. wired-. cum-wireless wireless1.tcl. wired-cum-wireless,. wireless2.tcl W(1),W(0),. BS ( ),(3 2,1). 1

43 wired-cum-wireless 1-7 wireless1.tcl.. DSDV Adhoc. CBR, TCP.,. Opt(), Val(). Val() set opt(adhocrouting) DSDV set opt(cp) "" ;# cp file not used set opt(stop) 300 ;# time to stop simulation

44 . Tcp set opt(ftp1-start) set opt(ftp2-start) set num_wired_nodes 2 set num_bs_nodes 1. ns.... adhoc,.,,. ).,., (., "set ns [new Simulator]"

45 $ns_ node-config -addresstype hierarchical AddrParams set domain_num_ 2 ;# number of domains lappend cluster_num 2 1 ;# number of clusters in each ;#domain AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num lappend eilastlevel ;# number of nodes in each cluster AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel ;# for each domain 2.. ( ) 2 "2 1". 1 ( ) ) "1 1 4" 3. 4 ( (. ).,., cum wireless2-out.tr.

46 "WL",. nam.,. nam. "create-god.. $opt(nn)" # create wired nodes set temp { } ;# hierarchical addresses to be used for {set i 0} {$i < $num_wired_nodes} {incr i} { } set W($i) [$ns_ node [lindex $temp $i]]., API,,.. ON..,, BS(0).

47 . adhoc,. :.1,.2.,.3..,. 1 0 : :.1 0..(, )0.(1 )1.(0 )0 ( )0.(0 )0.(0 )0, (0), 1 :. ( )0.(0 )0.(1, ) 1: ( ) :(WL node # 1) 1WL ( ) 1.0.2: 2WL ( )1.0.3 : 3WL

48 0.,. : # configure for base-station node $ns_ node-config -adhocrouting $opt(adhocrouting) \ -lltype $opt(ll) \ -mactype $opt(mac) \ -ifqtype $opt(ifq) \ -ifqlen $opt(ifqlen) \ -anttype $opt(ant) \ -proptype $opt(prop) \ -phytype $opt(netif) \ -channeltype $opt(chan) \ -topoinstance $topo \ -wiredrouting ON \ -agenttrace ON \ -routertrace OFF \ -mactrace OFF #create base-station node set temp { } ;# hier address to be used for ;# wireless domain

49 set BS(0) [ $ns_ node [lindex $temp 0]] $BS(0) random-motion 0 ;# disable random motion #provide some co-ordinates (fixed) to base station node $BS(0) set X_ 1.0 $BS(0) set Y_ 2.0 $BS(0) set Z_ 0.0 # create mobilenodes in the same domain as BS(0) # note the position and movement of mobilenodes is as defined # in $opt(sc) # Note there has been a change of the earlier AddrParams # function 'set-hieraddr' to 'addr2id'. #configure for mobilenodes $ns_ node-config -wiredrouting OFF # now create mobilenodes for {set j 0} {$j < $opt(nn)} {incr j} { set node_($j) [ $ns_ node [lindex $temp \ [expr $j+1]] ] $node_($j) base-station [AddrParams addr2id \ [$BS(0) node-addr]] ;# provide each mobilenode with ;# hier address of its base-station

50 } -(0)-0 ) TCP BS node-(2) w(1) (w(0)),(-node. #create links between wired and BS nodes $ns_ duplex-link $W(0) $W(1) 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns_ duplex-link $W(1) $BS(0) 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns_ duplex-link-op $W(0) $W(1) orient down $ns_ duplex-link-op $W(1) $BS(0) orient left-down # setup TCP connections set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP] $tcp1 set class_ 2 set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(0) $tcp1 $ns_ attach-agent $W(0) $sink1 $ns_ connect $tcp1 $sink1 set ftp1 [new Application/FTP] $ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1

51 $ns_ at $opt(ftp1-start) "$ftp1 start" set tcp2 [new Agent/TCP] $tcp2 set class_ 2 set sink2 [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $W(1) $tcp2 $ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $sink2 $ns_ connect $tcp2 $sink2 set ftp2 [new Application/FTP] $ftp2 attach-agent $tcp2 $ns_ at $opt(ftp2-start) "$ftp2 start" wireless2-. nam,ns.,out.nam nam wireless2-out.tr. -3- TCL ( WL ). ( W(0) )0 ( 0 ), TCP

52 wired-cum-wireless IP 7.2 wired-cum-wireless..,. W1,W0. ForeignAgent(FA) HomeAgent(HA). FA HA W1 MobileHost(MH) HA MH. MH W0 TCP. IP, FA. FA HA MH.,

53 MobileIP 2-7 wireless2.tcl, wireless3.tcl wireless-mip wireless3.tcl... set opt(nn) 1 ;# just one MH set opt(stop) 250. MH TCP. SC CP set opt(cp) ""

54 set opt(sc) "" : TCP set opt(ftp1-start) num_bs_nodes. HA FA set num_wired_nodes 2 ns.,. FA wireless2.tcl. AddrParams set domain_num_ 3 lappend cluster_num ;# number of domains ;# number of clusters in each domain AddrParams set cluster_num_ $cluster_num

55 lappend eilastlevel ;# number of nodes in each cluster AddrParams set nodes_num_ $eilastlevel ;# of each domain. wireless-mip nam ns set tracefd [open wireless3-out.tr w] set namtrace [open wireless3-out.nam w] $ns_ trace-all $tracefd $ns_ namtrace-all-wireless $namtrace $opt(x) $opt(y) ( 0 ) ( 2 1 ).(0.1.0, 0.0.0),. MH HA FA, , FA MH MH IP MH. FA HA,., IP,Flag.., IP ON # Configure for ForeignAgent and HomeAgent nodes

56 $ns_ node-config -mobileip ON \ -adhocrouting $opt(adhocrouting) \ -lltype $opt(ll) \ -mactype $opt(mac) \ -ifqtype $opt(ifq) \ -ifqlen $opt(ifqlen) \ -anttype $opt(ant) \ -proptype $opt(prop) \ -phytype $opt(netif) \ -channeltype $opt(chan) \ -topoinstance $topo \ -wiredrouting ON \ -agenttrace ON \ -routertrace OFF \ -mactrace OFF # Create HA and FA set HA [$ns_ node 1.0.0] set FA [$ns_ node 2.0.0] $HA random-motion 0

57 $FA random-motion 0 #provide some co-ord (fixed) to these base-station nodes. $HA set X_ $HA set Y_ $HA set Z_ $FA set X_ $FA set Y_ $FA set Z_ (mobilehost) (home-agent) HA.,. # configure for mobilehost $ns_ node-config -wiredrouting OFF

58 # create mobilehost that would be moving between HA and FA. # note address of MH indicates its in the same domain as HA. set MH [$ns_ node 1.0.1] set node_(0) $MH set HAaddress [AddrParams set-hieraddr [$HA node-addr]] [$MH set regagent_] set home_agent_ $HAaddress # movement of the MH $MH set Z_ $MH set Y_ $MH set X_ # MH starts to move towards FA (640, 610) at a speed of 20m/s $ns_ at "$MH setdest " # and goes back to HA (2, 2) at a speed of 20 m/s $ns_ at "$MH setdest " : TCP HA/FA

59 # create links between wired and BaseStation nodes $ns_ duplex-link $W(0) $W(1) 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns_ duplex-link $W(1) $HA 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns_ duplex-link $W(1) $FA 5Mb 2ms DropTail $ns_ duplex-link-op $W(0) $W(1) orient down $ns_ duplex-link-op $W(1) $HA orient left-down $ns_ duplex-link-op $W(1) $FA orient right-down # setup TCP connections between a wired node and the MobileHost set tcp1 [new Agent/TCP] $tcp1 set class_ 2 set sink1 [new Agent/TCPSink] $ns_ attach-agent $W(0) $tcp1 $ns_ attach-agent $MH $sink1 $ns_ connect $tcp1 $sink1 set ftp1 [new Application/FTP] $ftp1 attach-agent $tcp1 $ns_ at $opt(ftp1-start) "$ftp1 start"

60 )...( :."warning: Route to base_stn not known: dropping pkt" MH.. "wireless3-out.nam" "wireless3-out.tr" nam. nam TCP. ns ha MH. MH, MH HA FA. MH, FA. MH FA 8 ns CMU...,, CBR TCP, " setdest" CMU..

61 8.1 CBR TCP ~ns/indep-utils/cmu-. cbrgen.tcl scen-gen. cbr TCP, ( CBR TCP ) : ns cbrgen.tcl [-type cbr tcp] [-nn nodes] [-seed seed] [-mc connections] [-rate rate] CBR/TCP 0.1 seed, 8. : Prompt. 10 CBR 4.0 ns cbrgen.tcl -type cbr -nn 10 -seed 1.0 -mc 8 -rate 4.0 > cbr-10-test CBR. ( ) cbr-10-test : # # 2 connecting to 3 at time # set udp_(0) [new Agent/UDP]

62 $ns_ attach-agent $node_(2) $udp_(0) set null_(0) [new Agent/Null] $ns_ attach-agent $node_(3) $null_(0) set cbr_(0) [new Application/Traffic/CBR] $cbr_(0) set packetsize_ 512 $cbr_(0) set interval_ 0.25 $cbr_(0) set random_ 1 $cbr_(0) set maxpkts_ $cbr_(0) attach-agent $udp_(0) $ns_ connect $udp_(0) $null_(0) $ns_ at "$cbr_(0) start" 10-0 UDP. 3 2 UDP. 8 5 cbr-10-test. TCP "Type" TCP : ns cbrgen.tcl -type tcp -nn 25 -seed 0.0 -mc 8 > tcp-25-test : tcp-25-test #

63 # 5 connecting to 7 at time # set tcp_(1) [$ns_ create-connection TCP $node_(5) TCPSink $node_(7) 0] $tcp_(1) set window_ 32 $tcp_(1) set packetsize_ 512 set ftp_(1) [$tcp_(1) attach-source FTP] $ns_ at "$ftp_(1) start" 8.2 ~ns/indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/setdest setdest.cc. setdest{.cc,.h} Makefile : ns ) "configure" ns.1. setdest makefile (.,, "make" indep-utils/cmu-scen-gen/setdest.2 stand-alone ). ~ns/rng.cc stand-alone object. setdest ( Tclcl libs :, setdest.3./setdest [-n num_of_nodes] [-p pausetime] [-s maxspeed] [-t simtime] \

64 [-x maxx] [-y maxy] > [outdir/movement-file] 10.0m/s s. 2s. 500*500. :./setdest -n 20 -p 2.0 -s t 200 -x 500 -y 500 > scen-20-test scen-20-test. stdout.. $ns_ at "$node_(0) setdest " 2.0s node_(0) scen-20-test. 1.37m/s (90.44, 44.89). ns 9 ns 9.1 agent. agent ns..

65 , 1-9 agent,., CBR Agent. agent., MAC,IFQ.., ns 1-9

66 9.2 myroute Myroute directory. : 5. ns2 directory header :Myroute.h. ) :Myroute.cc. (. :Myroute-pk.h. header :Myroute-rtable.h. :Myroute-rtable.cc. header : Myroute-ntable.h : Myroute-ntable.cc. ( ) () Agent ns2.. () TCL.. TCL, (agent).

67 .. myroute-.. myroute/pkt.h. ( )Timer () Trace. log. myroute/myroute-pkt.h 9.3.: myroute-pkt.h/myroute # ifndef myroute_pkt_h #define myroute_pkt_h #include <packet.h> define HDR_MYROUTE_PKT(p) hdr_myroute_pkt::access(p) struct hdr_myroute_pkt{ nsaddr_t pkt_src_; u_int16_t pkt_len_; // Node which originated this packet // Packet length (in bytes) u_int8_t pkt_seq_num_; // Packet sequence number inline nsaddr_t& pkt_src() { return pkt_src_;} inline u_int16_t& pkt_len() { return pkt_len_;}

68 inline u_int8_t& pkt_seq_num() { return pkt_seq_num_;} static int offset _; inline static int& offset() { return offset_;} inline static hdr_myroute_pkt* access(const Packet* p) { return (hdr_myroute_pkt*)p->access(offset_ ); } }; #endif. myroute-pkt.h : ns2 : nsaddr-t.. 16:u-int16-t. 8:u-int8-t. config.h header. () packet common/packet.h. hdr-myroute-pkt header ns.

69 header. ( ) access. offset.. offset :. agent 1:int myroute_pkt::offset_; 2:static class MyrouteHeaderClass : public PacketHeaderClass { 3:public: 4:MyrouteHeaderClass() : PacketHeaderClass("PacketHeader/Myroute," 5: sizeof(hdr_myroute_pkt )){ 6:bind_offset(&hdr_myroute_pkt::offset ;_) 7:} 8:} class_rtprotomyroute_hdr; 9.4 myroute/myroute.h. myroute LIVE. : timer myroute/myroute.h 1: # ifndef myroute_h 2: # define myroute_h 3:

70 4: # include " myroute_pkt.h" 5: # include <agent.h> 6: # include <packet.h> 7: # include <trace.h> 8: # include <timer-handler.h> 9: # include <random.h> 10: # include <classifier-port.h> 11: 12: # define CURRENT_TIME Scheduler::instance().clock() 13: # define JITTER (Random::uniform()*5) 14: 15: class Myroute; // forward declaration 16: * 17: / Timers /* 18: 19: class Myroute_PktTimer : public TimerHandler{ 20: public: 21: Myroute_PktTimer(Myroute* agent) : TimerHandler () { 22: agent_ = agent; 23: } 24: protected:

71 25: Myroute* agent_; 26: virtual void expire(event* e); 27: } ; 28: * 29: / Agent*/ 30: 31: class Myroute : public Agent { 32: 33: / * Friends /* 34: friend class Myroute_PktTimer; 35: 36: * Private members*/ 37: nsaddr_t ra_addr_; 38: myroute_state state_; 39: myroute_rtable rtable_; myroute_ntable ntable_; 40: int accessible_var_; 41: u_int8_t seq_num _; 42: 43: protected: 44: 45: PortClassifier* dmux_; // For passing packets up to agents.

72 46: Trace* logtarget_; // For logging. 47: Myroute_PktTimer pkt_timer_; // Timer for sending packets. 48: 49: inline nsaddr_t& ra_addr() { return ra_addr_;} 50: inline myroute_state& state() { return state_;} 51: inline int& accessible_var() { return accessible_var_;} 52: 53: void forward_data(packet*); 54: void recv_myroute_pkt(packet*); 55: void send_myroute_pkt( ); 56: 57: void reset_myroute_pkt_timer( ); 58: 59: public: 60: 61: Myroute(nsaddr_t); 62: int command(int, const char*const*); 63: void recv(packet*, Handler*); 64: 65 : }; 66:

73 67: # endif. header :myroute/myroute-pkt.h. :Common/agent.h. :Common/packet.h. :common/timer-handler.h :Trace/trace.h. ( ) portclassifier : Classifier/classifier-port-h [0-5] myroute_pkttimer.

74 myroute.,, log (46) (trace). trace (agent). myroute rec( ). rec( ),command( ) ). (. UDP TCP. command( ). TCL 9.5. TCL TCL. TCLclass.. myroute/myroute.cc

75 1:static class MyrouteClass : public TclClass { 2:public: 3: MyrouteClass() : TclClass("Agent/Myroute " ) {} 4:TclObject* create(int argc, const char*const* argv } ( 5: assert(argc ==) 5; 6:return (new Myroute((nsaddr_t)Address::instance().str2addr(argv[4]))); 7: } 8:} class_rtprotomyroute; "agent/myroute" 3.. Myroute 4-7 myroute/myroute.cc expire( ) myroute/myroute.cc 1:void 2:Myroute_PktTimer::expire(Event* e ){ 3:agent_->send_myroute_pkt( )

76 4:agent_->reset_myroute_pkt_timer(); 5: } (Constructor) bind. Myroute. bind_bool accessible_var_ myroute/myroute.cc 1:Myroute::Myroute(nsaddr_t id) : Agent(PT_MYROUTE), pkt_timer_(this)} 2: bind_bool("accessible_var_", &accessible_var_); 3: ra_addr_ = id; 4: } command( ) command.. 1:int 2:Myroute::command(int argc, const char*const* argv){ 3: if (argc == 2){ 4: if (strcasecmp(argv[1], "start") == 0){ 5 : pkt_timer_.resched(0.0);

77 6: return TCL_OK; 7 : } 8: else if (strcasecmp(argv[1], "print_rtable") == 0 ){ 9: if (logtarget_!= 0){ 10: sprintf(logtarget_->pt_->buffer(), "P %f _%d_ Routing Table," 11: CURRENT_TIME, 12: ra_addr()); 13: logtarget_->pt_->dump(); 14: rtable_.print(logtarget_); 15 : } 16: else { 17: fprintf(stdout, "%f _%d_ If you want to print this routing table " 18: " you must create a trace file in your tcl script," 19: CURRENT_TIME, 20: ra_addr()); 21 : } 22: return TCL_OK; 23 :} 24 :} 25: else if (argc == 3 } ( 26:// Obtains corresponding dmux to carry packets to upper layers

78 27: if (strcmp(argv[1], "port-dmux") == 0){ 28: dmux_ = (PortClassifier*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]); 29: if (dmux_ == 0){ 30: fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s lookup of %s failed\n", 31: FILE, 32: argv[1], 33: argv[2], 34: return TCL_ERROR; 35:} 36: return TCL_OK; 37:} 38: // Obtains corresponding tracer 39: else if (strcmp(argv[1], "log-target") == 0 40: strcmp(argv[1], "tracetarget") == 0){ 41: logtarget_ = (Trace*)TclObject::lookup(argv[2]); 42: if (logtarget_ == 0) 43: return TCL_ERROR 44: ; return TCL_OK; 45:} 46:} 47:// Pass the command to the base class

79 48: return Agent::command(argc, argv); 49:} rec( ) rec( ) hde_cmn header. header. common/packet.h : void. ip.h hdr_ip. IP header 2: Myroute::recv(Packet* p, Handler* h){ 3: struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p); 4: struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p); 5: 6: if (ih->saddr() == ra_addr())} 7: // If there exists a loop, must drop the packet 8: if (ch->num_forwards() > 0){ 9: drop(p, DROP_RTR_ROUTE_LOOP); 10: return; 11 : } 12: // else if this is a packet I am originating, must add IP header 13: else if (ch->num_forwards() == 0)

80 14: ch->size() += IP_HDR_LEN; 15:} 16: // If it is a myroute packet, must process it 17: 18: if (ch->ptype() == PT_MYROUTE) 19: recv_myroute_pkt(p); 20: // Otherwise, must forward the packet (unless TTL has reached zero) 21: else { 22: ih->ttl_--;_ 23: if (ih->ttl_ == 0){ 24: drop(p, DROP_RTR_TTL); 25: return; 26 : } 27: forward_data(p ); 28: } 29:}. ) (

81 13-14 IP myroute.(). Recv-myroute- PT_MYROUTE (18-19). pkt( ) (. ) ) forward TTL=0(.. data( ). drop( ).. trace/cmu-trace.h. rec-myroute-pkt( ) LIVE,.. 1:void 2: Myroute::recv_myroute_pkt(Packet* p){ 3: struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p); 4: 5: struct hdr_myroute_pkt* ph = HDR_MYROUTE_PKT(p); 6: // All routing messages are sent from and to port RT_PORT, 7: // so we check it.

82 8: assert(ih->sport() == RT_PORT); 9: assert(ih->dport() == RT_PORT ) ; 10: 11 :/*processing of myroute packet...*/ 12: 13 : //release resources 14: Packet: 15:} send-myroute-pkt( ) Myroute/myroute.cc 1: void 2: Myroute::send_myroute_pkt( ){ 3: Packet* p = allocpkt(); 4: struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p); 5: struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p); 6: struct hdr_myroute_pkt* ph = HDR_MYROUTE_PKT(p); 7: 8: ph->pkt_src() = ra_addr(); 9: ph->pkt_len() = 7; 10: ph->pkt_seq_num() = seq_num_++;

83 11: 12: ch->ptype() = PT_MYROUTE; 13: ch->direction() = hdr_cmn::down; 14: ch->size() = IP_HDR_LEN + ph->pkt_len(); 15: ch->error() = 0; 16: ch->next_hop() = IP_BROADCAST; 17: ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_INET; 18: 19: ih->saddr() = ra_addr ;() 20: ih->daddr() =IP_BROADCAST; 21: ih->sport() = RT_PORT; 22: ih->dport() = RT_PORT; 23: ih->ttl() = IP_DEF_TTL; 24: 25: Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, p,jetter); 26:} allocate( )....(3-6) ip myroute header myroute header

84 . ns header reset-myroute-pkt-timer( ) reset myroute-pkt-timer( ) Myroute/myroute.cc 1: void 2: Myroute::reset_myroute_pkt_timer (){ 3: Pkt_timer_.resched((double)5.0); 4 :} forward-data() myroute forward-data( ). Myroute/myroute.cc 1: void 2: Myroute::forward_data(Packet* p){ 3: struct hdr_cmn* ch = HDR_CMN(p); 4: struct hdr_ip* ih = HDR_IP(p); 5: 6: if (ch->direction() == hdr_cmn::up &&. 7 : ((u_int32_t)ih->daddr()=ip_broadcast ih->daddr()= ra_addr ())){

85 8: dmux_->recv(p, 0.0); 9: return; 10 :} 11: else { 12: ch->direction() = hdr_cmn::down; 13: ch->addr_type() = NS_AF_INET; 14: if ((u_int32_t)ih->daddr() == IP_BROADCAST) 15: ch->next_hop() = IP_BROADCAST; 16: else { 17: nsaddr_t next_hop = rtable_.lookup(ih->daddr()); 18: if (next_hop == IP_BRADCAST; 19: debug("%f:agent %d can not forward a packet destined to %d loss=%d\n," 20: CURRENT_TIME, 21: ra_addr(), 22: ih->daddr()); 23: drop(p, DROP_RTR_NO_ROUTE); 24: return; 25:} 26: else 27: ch->next_hop() = next_hop;

86 28:} 29: Scheduler::instance().schedule(target_, p, 0.0); 30 :} 31 :} 9.8. NS.. packet_t Common/packet.h 1: enum packet_t { 2: PT_TCP, 3:PT_UDP, 4:PT_CBR, packet.h :/* much more packet types */ 6:PT_MYROUTE, 7:PT_NTYPE //This MUST be the LAST one 8: }; : Common/packet.h 1: p_info( ) {

87 2:name_[PT_TCP]="tcp"; 3: name_[pt_udp]="udp"; 4:name_[PT_CBR]="cbr"; 5:/* much more m=names */ 6: name_[pt_myroute]="myroute"; 7:} ( ) (trace).. ( ) CMUTrace format_myroute ( ).. trace/cmu-trace.h trace/cmu-trace.h 1: class CMUTrace :public TRACE { 2: /* definitions */ 3:private: 4: /* */ 5:void format_aodv(packet *p, int offset); 6:void format_myroute(packet *p, int offset); 7:};

88 trace/cmu- trace.cc ). trace/cmu- trace.cc 1: #include <myroute/myroute_pkt.h> 2: 3: /* */ 4: 5: void 6:CMUTrace::format_ip(Packet *p, int offset( 7:{ 8:struct hdr_myroute_pkt*ph= HDR_MYROUTE_PKT(P); 9: 10: if (pt_->tagged()){ 11: sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset, ( 12: -" Myroute:o %d -myroute:sp %d myroute:l%d", 13: ph->pkt-src(), 14: ph->pkt-seq_num(), 15: ph->pkt-len()); 16: 17: {else if (newtrace_){ 18: sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset, 19: "-p myroute po %d ps %d pl %d",

89 20:: ph->pkt-src(), 21: ph->pkt-seq_num(), 22: ph->pkt-len()); 23: } 24: else { 25: sprintf(pt_->buffer() + offset, 26: "[myroute %d %d %d] ", 27: ph->pkt-src(), 28: ph->pkt-seq_num(), 29: ph->pkt-len()); 30: } 31: }. :. "O".. "L" "S" (()origin) format( ). Trace/cmu-trace.cc Trace/cmu-trace.cc 1:Void 2;CMUTrace::format(Packet* p, const char *why)

90 3:{ 4: /* */ 5: case PT_PING: 6: break; 7: 8: case PT_MYROUTE: 9: format_myroute(p, offset); 10:break; 11: 12: default: 13: /* */ 14:} TCL TCL. Myroute myroute tcl/lib/ns-packet.tcl ( 2 ). tcl/lib/ns-packet.tcl 1: foreach port { 2: myroute

91 3: AODV 4: ARP 5: #... 6: NV 7: }{ 8: add-packet-header $port 9: }. ns-default.tcl tcl/lib/ns-default.tcl 1:#... 2: #default defined for myroute 3:Agent/myroute set accessible_var_true OTCL. tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl. ns-lib.tcl. tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl 1: simulator instproc create-wireless-node args { 2: #... 3: switch-exact $routingagent- { 4: myroute 5: set ragent [$self create-myroute-agent $node] 6: }

92 7: #... 8: } 9: #... 10:} tcl/lib/ns-lib.tcl 1: simulator instproc create-myroute-agent {node} { 2: #create myroute routing agent 3: set ragent [new Agent/myroute [$node node-addr]] 4: $self at 0.0 "$ragent start" 5: $node set ragent_$ragent 6: return $ragent 7: }. myroute 3. priqueue.cc Queue/priqueue.cc 1:void 2:priQueue::recv(packet *p,handler *h) 3:{ 4: struct hdr_cmn *ch=hdr_cmn(p); 5:

93 6: if (prefer_routing_protocols){ 7: 8: switch(ch->ptype()) { 9: case PT_DSR: 10: case PT_MESSAGE: 11: case PT_TORA: 12: case PT_AODV: 13: case PT_MYROUTE: 14: rechighpriority(p,h); 15: break; 16: 17: default: 18: Queue::recv(p,h); 19:} 20:} 21:else { 22: Queue::recv(p,h); 23: } 24: }

94 (makefile) makefile.. (4) OBJ-CC 1:OBJ-CC =\ 2: tools/random.o tools/rng.o tools/ranvar.o common/misc.o common/timer-handler.o 3: #... 4: myroute/myroute.o myroute/myroute-rtable.o myroute/myroutentable.o \ 5: #... 6:$(OBJ_STL) ns o make. [ns-2-27]$ make