High Performance Computing
|
|
- Marilyn Maxwell
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 High Performance Computing MPI and C-Language Seminars 2009 Photo Credit: NOAA (IBM Hardware)
2 High Performance Computing - Seminar Plan Seminar Plan for Weeks 1-5 Week 1 - Introduction, Data Types, Control Flow, Pointers Week 2 - Arrays, Structures, Enumerations, I/O, File I/O Week 3 - Dynamic Memory, Preprocessing, Compile Time Options Week 4 - MPI in C Week 5 - How to Build a Performance Model Week Coursework Troubleshooting (a number of seminar tutors will be available during these sessions - go to each tutor s office)
3 Quick Recap (from last week) Types are machine dependent (but follow rules) No boolean type - we use integer results to control looping/branching Strings are a char[] terminated with a null character ( \0 ) Pointers causes bugs - we will revisit them (briefly) today. Control flow keywords (while, for, if etc) are approximately the same as Java but using integers instead of pure booleans.
4 Arrays
5 Arrays in the C Language Arrays are contiguous blocks of memory (with a useful addressing mechanism). Every element is the same type.
6 Arrays in the C Language Arrays are contiguous blocks of memory (with a useful addressing mechanism). Every element is the same type. Declared in C by doing the following: int a[10]; a[0] = 1; a[1] = 2;... Note: There is no new declaration for arrays like there is in Java.
7 Iterating over an Array Can iterate over an array using an index variable for(i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf( Value at index %i is: %i\n, i, a[i]); } Can iterate over an array using a pointer int *ptrtoarray; ptrtoarray = &a[0]; printf( Value at 0 is: %i\n, *ptrtoarray); ptrtoarray++; printf( Value at 1 is: %i\n, *ptrtoarray);
8 Iterating over an Array Why should I use pointers? Can be more efficient than using array index variables. If you ve done the compilers course (at Warwick) the details of array accesses are covered. These are beyond the scope of this seminar. Why should I not use pointers? Usually the most common cause of program errors and bugs - almost always the cause of problems with the coursework!
9 Typing a Pointer Typing a pointer is important if you plan to use it to iterate over arrays or move through memory. /* pointer 1 */ int* myintptr; /* pointer 2 */ void* myvoidptr; What is the difference?
10 Structures and Enumerations
11 Structures Structures are a way of grouping data together (when it makes sense to do so!). For instance: a point in a 2-dimensional plane. We might group together two integers in a structure called Point2D. Note: these are not the same as Java classes because a structure does not have any methods which operate on the structure s internal data. If you want to do this then you really need to use C++ (sorry).
12 Defining a Structure To define our 2-dimensional point structure: struct point { int x; int y; }; Note the ; are the definition of the structure.
13 Using a Structure Now we can use a structure in our programs just as we might a normal C type. The definition for a structure must appear before it is used. int a = 5; struct point mypoint; mypoint.x = a; mypoint.y = a;
14 Using Pointers and Structures Structures are used almost everywhere in large scale C programs (for instance: Linux kernel, GCC compiler). Using pointers to access structures in very large programs can get a big tricky so there is some nice shorthand. struct point origin, *ptr_origin; ptr_origin = &origin; printf( x at the origin is %d, (*ptr_origin).x);
15 Using Pointers and Structures Structures are used almost everywhere in large scale C programs (for instance: Linux kernel, GCC compiler). Using pointers to access structures in very large programs can get a big tricky so there is some nice shorthand. struct point origin, *ptr_origin; ptr_origin = &origin; printf( x at the origin is %d, ptr_origin->x); We trust the compiler to handle our shorthand for us (keeps programs nice and tidy).
16 Enumerations Enumerations are a way of grouping constants. For instance months of the year: enum months = { JAN = 1, FEB, MAR, APR, MAY, JUN, JUL, AUG, SEP, OCT, NOV, DEC }; The compiler will turn these into incrementally numbered values for us (or we can assign our own as we have done with January).
17 Using Enumerations The effect of an enum declaration in C is to introduce named constants into our program. For instance, we can now use three letter abbreviations for months: int birthday_month = 12; if(birthday_month == DEC) { printf( you have a birthday in the best month ); } else { printf( sorry bud! worst month ever! ); }
18 Input/Output Operations
19 General Notes on I/O Input/Output operations in C use pointers to locate the start of the array to read/write to. Remember - it is easy to cause program errors by reading or writing too far into memory. To use any I/O function we need to add (at top of file): #include <stdio.h>
20 Printing to Screen Printing to screen is done with the printf(...) function. printf( hello %d, 5) - %d tells the compiler to print a decimal integer (not a double!). printf( hello %u, 5) - %u tells the compiler to print an unsigned decimal. printf( hello %f, 1.25) - %f tells the compiler to print a float/ double printf( hello %s, hello ) - %s tells the compiler to print a string printf( hello %% ) - %% tells the compiler to print a %
21 Reading from Standard Input Reading from Standard Input (console) is done using the scanf(...) function. For instance: we can read an integer by doing the following: int myinteger; scanf( %d, &myinteger); Note: we need the & because scanf(...) reads data from the console and places it into memory at the location specified (using pointers/ addressing). Do not forget the & or it will cause disaster!
22 Files and I/O Operations Operations on files are similar to those used for the screen. There is one addition - the file handle (to which you want to read/write). Define a file handle: FILE *f; f = fopen( /home/johndoe/myfile.txt, r ); Second parameter represents the access type: r = Reading Text, w = Writing Text (truncate to zero), a = Append rb = Read Binary, wb = Writing Binary, ab = Append Binary
23 Files and I/O Operations You should always try to close a file when you re finished. Some systems aren t good at clearing up unused resources. Is possible to use all the file handles in some systems. Close a file handle: fclose(f); Causes a flush of data from buffers and then frees the handle for use elsewhere. Returns 0 if successful
24 Printing to Files in C When we wrote to the console using printf(...) we didn t need a file handle (the system redirects I/O to the standard output). To write to a file we use: fprintf(f, Hello World\n); Exactly the same behaviour except the first parameter is the file handle (same for most file operations).
25 Read from Files in C When we wrote to the console we used the scanf(...) function. To read from a file we use: int x; fscanf(f, %d, &x); Same as before, first parameter is the file handle and we make use of the & (address operator) to locate the memory location x is stored at.
26 Checking for End of File In a lot of applications we want to read all of the data in a file. We can do this using the following: feof(f); File End of File function will check the location of the file pointer, if we re at the end it will return a non-zero value. If the return is zero there is still more data to go.
27 End of Seminar Thanks for coming, see you next week. Seminar worksheets are in the seminar note pack
High Performance Computing MPI and C-Language Seminars 2009
High Performance Computing - Seminar Plan Welcome to the High Performance Computing seminars for 2009. Aims: Introduce the C Programming Language. Basic coverage of C and programming techniques needed
More informationCS113: Lecture 3. Topics: Variables. Data types. Arithmetic and Bitwise Operators. Order of Evaluation
CS113: Lecture 3 Topics: Variables Data types Arithmetic and Bitwise Operators Order of Evaluation 1 Variables Names of variables: Composed of letters, digits, and the underscore ( ) character. (NO spaces;
More informationFile Handling in C. EECS 2031 Fall October 27, 2014
File Handling in C EECS 2031 Fall 2014 October 27, 2014 1 Reading from and writing to files in C l stdio.h contains several functions that allow us to read from and write to files l Their names typically
More informationLaboratory 2: Programming Basics and Variables. Lecture notes: 1. A quick review of hello_comment.c 2. Some useful information
Laboratory 2: Programming Basics and Variables Lecture notes: 1. A quick review of hello_comment.c 2. Some useful information 3. Comment: a. name your program with extension.c b. use o option to specify
More informationProgramming for Engineers Structures, Unions
Programming for Engineers Structures, Unions ICEN 200 Spring 2017 Prof. Dola Saha 1 Structure Ø Collections of related variables under one name. Ø Variables of may be of different data types. Ø struct
More informationSyntax and Variables
Syntax and Variables What the Compiler needs to understand your program, and managing data 1 Pre-Processing Any line that starts with # is a pre-processor directive Pre-processor consumes that entire line
More informationTypes, Operators and Expressions
Types, Operators and Expressions CSE 2031 Fall 2011 9/11/2011 5:24 PM 1 Variable Names (2.1) Combinations of letters, numbers, and underscore character ( _ ) that do not start with a number; are not a
More informationAMCAT Automata Coding Sample Questions And Answers
1) Find the syntax error in the below code without modifying the logic. #include int main() float x = 1.1; switch (x) case 1: printf( Choice is 1 ); default: printf( Invalid choice ); return
More informationVariables Data types Variable I/O. C introduction. Variables. Variables 1 / 14
C introduction Variables Variables 1 / 14 Contents Variables Data types Variable I/O Variables 2 / 14 Usage Declaration: t y p e i d e n t i f i e r ; Assignment: i d e n t i f i e r = v a l u e ; Definition
More informationTypes, Operators and Expressions
Types, Operators and Expressions EECS 2031 18 September 2017 1 Variable Names (2.1) l Combinations of letters, numbers, and underscore character ( _ ) that do not start with a number; are not a keyword.
More informationType Definition. C Types. Derived. Function Array Pointer Structure Union Enumerated. EE 1910 Winter 2017/18
Enum and Struct Type Definition C Types Derived Function Array Pointer Structure Union Enumerated 2 tj Type Definition Typedef Define a new Type Inherits members and operations from a standard or previously
More informationC Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulations, and Enumerations
C Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulations, and Enumerations Chih-Wei Tang ( 唐之瑋 ) Department of Communication Engineering National Central University JhongLi, Taiwan Outline 10.2 Structure Definitions 10.4
More informationLecture 14. Dynamic Memory Allocation
Copyright 1996 David R. Hanson Computer Science 126, Fall 1996 14-1 Lecture 14. Dynamic Memory Allocation The number of variables and their sizes are determined at compile-time before a program runs /*
More informationC-Programming. CSC209: Software Tools and Systems Programming. Paul Vrbik. University of Toronto Mississauga
C-Programming CSC209: Software Tools and Systems Programming Paul Vrbik University of Toronto Mississauga https://mcs.utm.utoronto.ca/~209/ Adapted from Dan Zingaro s 2015 slides. Week 2.0 1 / 19 What
More informationC Concepts - I/O. Lecture 19 COP 3014 Fall November 29, 2017
C Concepts - I/O Lecture 19 COP 3014 Fall 2017 November 29, 2017 C vs. C++: Some important differences C has been around since around 1970 (or before) C++ was based on the C language While C is not actually
More informationStandard C Library Functions
Demo lecture slides Although I will not usually give slides for demo lectures, the first two demo lectures involve practice with things which you should really know from G51PRG Since I covered much of
More informationCMIS 102 Hands-On Lab
CMIS 10 Hands-On Lab Week 8 Overview This hands-on lab allows you to follow and experiment with the critical steps of developing a program including the program description, analysis, test plan, and implementation
More informationC: How to Program. Week /Mar/05
1 C: How to Program Week 2 2007/Mar/05 Chapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming 2 Outline 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Simple C Program: Printing a Line of Text 2.3 Another Simple C Program: Adding Two Integers
More informationCS 326 Operating Systems C Programming. Greg Benson Department of Computer Science University of San Francisco
CS 326 Operating Systems C Programming Greg Benson Department of Computer Science University of San Francisco Why C? Fast (good optimizing compilers) Not too high-level (Java, Python, Lisp) Not too low-level
More informationOBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING LAB 1 REVIEW THE STRUCTURE OF A C/C++ PROGRAM. TESTING PROGRAMMING SKILLS. COMPARISON BETWEEN PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING AND OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING Course basics The Object
More informationIntroduction to C An overview of the programming language C, syntax, data types and input/output
Introduction to C An overview of the programming language C, syntax, data types and input/output Teil I. a first C program TU Bergakademie Freiberg INMO M. Brändel 2018-10-23 1 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE C is
More informationIntroduction. Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulations, and Enumerations. Structure. Structure Definitions
Introduction Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulations, and Enumerations In C, we can create our own data types If programmers do a good job of this, the end user does not even have to know what is in the
More informationCS1100 Introduction to Programming
CS1100 Introduction to Programming Arrays Madhu Mutyam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Course Material SD, SB, PSK, NSN, DK, TAG CS&E, IIT M 1 An Array
More informationFeatures of C. Portable Procedural / Modular Structured Language Statically typed Middle level language
1 History C is a general-purpose, high-level language that was originally developed by Dennis M. Ritchie to develop the UNIX operating system at Bell Labs. C was originally first implemented on the DEC
More informationOBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING USING C++
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING USING C++ Chapter 10 - Structures, Unions, Bit Manipulations, and Enumerations Outline 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Structure Definitions 10.3 Initializing Structures 10.4 Accessing
More informationtypedef int Array[10]; String name; Array ages;
Morteza Noferesti The C language provides a facility called typedef for creating synonyms for previously defined data type names. For example, the declaration: typedef int Length; Length a, b, len ; Length
More informationCompiling and Running a C Program in Unix
CPSC 211 Data Structures & Implementations (c) Texas A&M University [ 95 ] Compiling and Running a C Program in Unix Simple scenario in which your program is in a single file: Suppose you want to name
More informationLecture 8: Structs & File I/O
....... \ \ \ / / / / \ \ \ \ / \ / \ \ \ V /,----' / ^ \ \.--..--. / ^ \ `--- ----` / ^ \. ` > < / /_\ \. ` / /_\ \ / /_\ \ `--' \ /. \ `----. / \ \ '--' '--' / \ / \ \ / \ / / \ \ (_ ) \ (_ ) / / \ \
More informationCMPT 102 Introduction to Scientific Computer Programming. Input and Output. Your first program
CMPT 102 Introduction to Scientific Computer Programming Input and Output Janice Regan, CMPT 102, Sept. 2006 0 Your first program /* My first C program */ /* make the computer print the string Hello world
More informationRecap. ANSI C Reserved Words C++ Multimedia Programming Lecture 2. Erwin M. Bakker Joachim Rijsdam
Multimedia Programming 2004 Lecture 2 Erwin M. Bakker Joachim Rijsdam Recap Learning C++ by example No groups: everybody should experience developing and programming in C++! Assignments will determine
More informationData Types. 9. Types. a collection of values and the definition of one or more operations that can be performed on those values
Data Types 1 data type: a collection of values and the definition of one or more operations that can be performed on those values C++ includes a variety of built-in or base data types: short, int, long,
More informationWar Industries Presents: An Introduction to Programming for Hackers Part III - Advanced Variables & Flow Control.
War Industries Presents: An Introduction to Programming for Hackers Part III - Advanced Variables & Flow Control By Lovepump, 2004 Visit: www.warindustries.com Part II Programs 101 Goals: At the end of
More informationProgramming in C and C++
Programming in C and C++ Types, Variables, Expressions and Statements Neel Krishnaswami and Alan Mycroft Course Structure Basics of C: Types, variables, expressions and statements Functions, compilation
More informationRecursion Enums. Basics of Programming 1. Department of Networked Systems and Services G. Horváth, A.B. Nagy, Z. Zsóka, P. Fiala, A.
Recursion The enumerated type Recursion Enums Basics of Programming 1 Department of Networked Systems and Services G. Horváth, A.B. Nagy, Z. Zsóka, P. Fiala, A. Vitéz 31 October, 2018 based on slides by
More informationInput / Output Functions
CSE 2421: Systems I Low-Level Programming and Computer Organization Input / Output Functions Presentation G Read/Study: Reek Chapter 15 Gojko Babić 10-03-2018 Input and Output Functions The stdio.h contain
More informationCOMP s1 Lecture 1
COMP1511 18s1 Lecture 1 1 Numbers In, Numbers Out Andrew Bennett more printf variables scanf 2 Before we begin introduce yourself to the person sitting next to you why did
More informationProgramming refresher and intro to C programming
Applied mechatronics Programming refresher and intro to C programming Sven Gestegård Robertz sven.robertz@cs.lth.se Department of Computer Science, Lund University 2018 Outline 1 C programming intro 2
More informationDesign and development of embedded systems for the Internet of Things (IoT) Fabio Angeletti Fabrizio Gattuso
Design and development of embedded systems for the Internet of Things (IoT) Fabio Angeletti Fabrizio Gattuso Why C? Test on 21 Android Devices with 32-bits and 64-bits processors and different versions
More informationCS Programming In C
CS 24000 - Programming In C Week Two: Basic C Program Organization and Data Types Zhiyuan Li Department of Computer Science Purdue University, USA 2 int main() { } return 0; The Simplest C Program C programs
More informationProgramming in C. What is C?... What is C?
C Programming in C UVic SEng 265 Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier, in 1969, Ritchie and Thompson developed the Unix operating system We will be focusing on a version
More informationProgramming in C UVic SEng 265
Programming in C UVic SEng 265 Daniel M. German Department of Computer Science University of Victoria 1 SEng 265 dmgerman@uvic.ca C Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier,
More informationHistory. used in early Mac development notable systems in Pascal Skype TeX embedded systems
Overview The Pascal Programming Language (with material from tutorialspoint.com) Background & History Features Hello, world! General Syntax Variables/Data Types Operators Conditional Statements Functions
More informationC LANGUAGE AND ITS DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUNCTIONS
C LANGUAGE AND ITS DIFFERENT TYPES OF FUNCTIONS Manish Dronacharya College Of Engineering, Maharishi Dayanand University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India III. Abstract- C Language History: The C programming language
More informationProgramming in C. What is C?... What is C?
Programming in C UVic SEng 265 C Developed by Brian Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs Earlier, in 1969, Ritchie and Thompson developed the Unix operating system We will be focusing on a version
More informationDefinition: Data Type A data type is a collection of values and the definition of one or more operations on those values.
Data Types 1 Definition: Data Type A data type is a collection of values and the definition of one or more operations on those values. Base Data Types All the values of the type are ordered and atomic.
More information#include <stdio.h> int main() { char s[] = Hsjodi, *p; for (p = s + 5; p >= s; p--) --*p; puts(s); return 0;
1. Short answer questions: (a) Compare the typical contents of a module s header file to the contents of a module s implementation file. Which of these files defines the interface between a module and
More informationEEE145 Computer Programming
EEE145 Computer Programming Content of Topic 2 Extracted from cpp.gantep.edu.tr Topic 2 Dr. Ahmet BİNGÜL Department of Engineering Physics University of Gaziantep Modifications by Dr. Andrew BEDDALL Department
More informationCS Programming I: Arrays
CS 200 - Programming I: Arrays Marc Renault Department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin Madison Fall 2017 TopHat Sec 3 (PM) Join Code: 719946 TopHat Sec 4 (AM) Join Code: 891624 Array Basics
More informationProcedures, Parameters, Values and Variables. Steven R. Bagley
Procedures, Parameters, Values and Variables Steven R. Bagley Recap A Program is a sequence of statements (instructions) Statements executed one-by-one in order Unless it is changed by the programmer e.g.
More informationFirst of all, it is a variable, just like other variables you studied
Pointers: Basics What is a pointer? First of all, it is a variable, just like other variables you studied So it has type, storage etc. Difference: it can only store the address (rather than the value)
More informationArrays III and Enumerated Types
Lecture 15 Arrays III and Enumerated Types Multidimensional Arrays & enums CptS 121 Summer 2016 Armen Abnousi Multidimensional Arrays So far we have worked with arrays with one dimension. Single dimensional
More informationCSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools
CSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools Hal Perkins Fall 2017 Lecture 8 C: Miscellanea Control, Declarations, Preprocessor, printf/scanf 1 The story so far The low-level execution model of a process (one
More informationFile Descriptors and Piping
File Descriptors and Piping CSC209: Software Tools and Systems Programming Furkan Alaca & Paul Vrbik University of Toronto Mississauga https://mcs.utm.utoronto.ca/~209/ Week 8 Today s topics File Descriptors
More informationData Types H&K Chapter 7. Instructor - Andrew S. O Fallon CptS 121 (October 17, 2018) Washington State University
Data Types H&K Chapter 7 Instructor - Andrew S. O Fallon CptS 121 (October 17, 2018) Washington State University Data Types We already know that: Data type = set of values + set of operations on those
More informationScientific Programming in C X. More features & Fortran interface
Scientific Programming in C X. More features & Fortran interface Susi Lehtola 20 November 2012 typedef typedefs are a way to make shorthand for data types, and possibly also make the code more general
More informationCMSC 313 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING LECTURE 11, FALL 2012
CMSC 313 COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING LECTURE 11, FALL 2012 TOPICS TODAY Characters & Strings in C Structures in C CHARACTERS & STRINGS char type C supports the char data type
More informationC Programming Review CSC 4320/6320
C Programming Review CSC 4320/6320 Overview Introduction C program Structure Keywords & C Types Input & Output Arrays Functions Pointers Structures LinkedList Dynamic Memory Allocation Macro Compile &
More informationChapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming
Chapter 2 - Introduction to C Programming 2 Outline 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A Simple C Program: Printing a Line of Text 2.3 Another Simple C Program: Adding Two Integers 2.4 Memory Concepts 2.5 Arithmetic
More informationLecture 05 I/O statements Printf, Scanf Simple statements, Compound statements
Programming, Data Structures and Algorithms Prof. Shankar Balachandran Department of Computer Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Madras Lecture 05 I/O statements Printf, Scanf Simple
More informationMore Binary Search Trees AVL Trees. CS300 Data Structures (Fall 2013)
More Binary Search Trees AVL Trees bstdelete if (key not found) return else if (either subtree is empty) { delete the node replacing the parents link with the ptr to the nonempty subtree or NULL if both
More informationC OVERVIEW. C Overview. Goals speed portability allow access to features of the architecture speed
C Overview C OVERVIEW Goals speed portability allow access to features of the architecture speed C fast executables allows high-level structure without losing access to machine features many popular languages
More informationArrays. C Types. Derived. Function Array Pointer Structure Union Enumerated. EE 1910 Winter 2017/18
C Types Derived Function Array Pointer Structure Union Enumerated 2 tj Arrays Student 0 Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student 0 Student 1 Student 2 Student 3 Student 4 Student[0] Student[1] Student[2]
More informationECEN 449 Microprocessor System Design. Review of C Programming
ECEN 449 Microprocessor System Design Review of C Programming 1 Objectives of this Lecture Unit Review C programming basics Refresh es programming g skills s 2 1 Basic C program structure # include
More informationCS 220: Introduction to Parallel Computing. Beginning C. Lecture 2
CS 220: Introduction to Parallel Computing Beginning C Lecture 2 Today s Schedule More C Background Differences: C vs Java/Python The C Compiler HW0 8/25/17 CS 220: Parallel Computing 2 Today s Schedule
More informationFiles and Streams Opening and Closing a File Reading/Writing Text Reading/Writing Raw Data Random Access Files. C File Processing CS 2060
CS 2060 Files and Streams Files are used for long-term storage of data (on a hard drive rather than in memory). Files and Streams Files are used for long-term storage of data (on a hard drive rather than
More informationLesson 7. Reading and Writing a.k.a. Input and Output
Lesson 7 Reading and Writing a.k.a. Input and Output Escape sequences for printf strings Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/escape_sequences_in_c Escape sequences for printf strings Why do we need escape
More informationC Language Summary. Chris J Michael 28 August CSC 4103 Operating Systems Fall 2008 Lecture 2 C Summary
Chris J Michael cmicha1@lsu.edu 28 August 2008 C Language Summary Heavily Influenced by the GNU C Reference Manual: http://www.gnu.org/software/gnu-c-manual/ Introduction -C98, or the original ANSI C standard
More informationC OVERVIEW BASIC C PROGRAM STRUCTURE. C Overview. Basic C Program Structure
C Overview Basic C Program Structure C OVERVIEW BASIC C PROGRAM STRUCTURE Goals The function main( )is found in every C program and is where every C program begins speed execution portability C uses braces
More informationIntroduction to Programming Using Java (98-388)
Introduction to Programming Using Java (98-388) Understand Java fundamentals Describe the use of main in a Java application Signature of main, why it is static; how to consume an instance of your own class;
More informationMore BSTs & AVL Trees bstdelete
More BSTs & AVL Trees bstdelete if (key not found) return else if (either subtree is empty) { delete the node replacing the parents link with the ptr to the nonempty subtree or NULL if both subtrees are
More informationInformatica e Sistemi in Tempo Reale
Informatica e Sistemi in Tempo Reale Introduction to C programming Giuseppe Lipari http://retis.sssup.it/~lipari Scuola Superiore Sant Anna Pisa October 5, 2011 G. Lipari (Scuola Superiore Sant Anna) Introduction
More informationPRINCIPLES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS Tutorial-1&2: C Review CPSC 457, Spring 2015 May 20-21, 2015 Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary Connecting to your VM Open a terminal (in your linux machine)
More informationSection 1.2: What is a Function? y = 4x
Section 1.2: What is a Function? y = 4x y is the dependent variable because it depends on what x is. x is the independent variable because any value can be chosen to replace x. Domain: a set of values
More informationLecture 3. More About C
Copyright 1996 David R. Hanson Computer Science 126, Fall 1996 3-1 Lecture 3. More About C Programming languages have their lingo Programming language Types are categories of values int, float, char Constants
More informationFundamentals of Programming
Fundamentals of Programming Introduction to the C language Giuseppe Lipari http://retis.sssup.it/~lipari Scuola Superiore Sant Anna Pisa February 29, 2012 G. Lipari (Scuola Superiore Sant Anna) The C language
More informationProgramming Language B
Programming Language B Takako Nemoto (JAIST) 28 January Takako Nemoto (JAIST) 28 January 1 / 20 Today s quiz The following are program to print each member of the struct Student type object abe. Fix the
More informationCOSC 2P91. Introduction Part Deux. Week 1b. Brock University. Brock University (Week 1b) Introduction Part Deux 1 / 14
COSC 2P91 Introduction Part Deux Week 1b Brock University Brock University (Week 1b) Introduction Part Deux 1 / 14 Source Files Like most other compiled languages, we ll be dealing with a few different
More informationMore Arrays. Last updated 2/6/19
More Last updated 2/6/19 2 Dimensional Consider a table 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 12 11 13 14 15 19 17 16 3 1 4 rows x 5 columns 2 tj 2 Dimensional Consider a table 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 4 3 2 12 11 13 14 15 19 17 16
More informationECEN 449 Microprocessor System Design. Review of C Programming. Texas A&M University
ECEN 449 Microprocessor System Design Review of C Programming 1 Objectives of this Lecture Unit Review C programming basics Refresh programming skills 2 Basic C program structure # include main()
More informationFREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
DISTRICT 7030 WEBSITE FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS NB: THIS WILL BE REGULARLY UPDATED FOR YOUR INFORMATION. 1. This website works better with the following browsers: Internet Explorer (IE) and Google Chrome.
More informationVariables and literals
Demo lecture slides Although I will not usually give slides for demo lectures, the first two demo lectures involve practice with things which you should really know from G51PRG Since I covered much of
More informationC Review. MaxMSP Developers Workshop Summer 2009 CNMAT
C Review MaxMSP Developers Workshop Summer 2009 CNMAT C Syntax Program control (loops, branches): Function calls Math: +, -, *, /, ++, -- Variables, types, structures, assignment Pointers and memory (***
More informationtoday cs3157-fall2002-sklar-lect05 1
today homework #1 due on monday sep 23, 6am some miscellaneous topics: logical operators random numbers character handling functions FILE I/O strings arrays pointers cs3157-fall2002-sklar-lect05 1 logical
More informationC and Programming Basics
Announcements Assignment 1 Will be posted on Wednesday, Jan. 9 Due Wednesday, Jan. 16 Piazza Please sign up if you haven t already https://piazza.com/sfu.ca/spring2019/cmpt125 Lecture notes Posted just
More informationCSCI 171 Chapter Outlines
Contents CSCI 171 Chapter 1 Overview... 2 CSCI 171 Chapter 2 Programming Components... 3 CSCI 171 Chapter 3 (Sections 1 4) Selection Structures... 5 CSCI 171 Chapter 3 (Sections 5 & 6) Iteration Structures
More informationComputer Science & Information Technology (CS) Rank under AIR 100. Examination Oriented Theory, Practice Set Key concepts, Analysis & Summary
GATE- 2016-17 Postal Correspondence 1 C-Programming Computer Science & Information Technology (CS) 20 Rank under AIR 100 Postal Correspondence Examination Oriented Theory, Practice Set Key concepts, Analysis
More informationLectures 5-6: Introduction to C
Lectures 5-6: Introduction to C Motivation: C is both a high and a low-level language Very useful for systems programming Faster than Java This intro assumes knowledge of Java Focus is on differences Most
More informationFunctions in C C Programming and Software Tools
Functions in C C Programming and Software Tools N.C. State Department of Computer Science Functions in C Functions are also called subroutines or procedures One part of a program calls (or invokes the
More informationC-LANGUAGE CURRICULAM
C-LANGUAGE CURRICULAM Duration: 2 Months. 1. Introducing C 1.1 History of C Origin Standardization C-Based Languages 1.2 Strengths and Weaknesses Of C Strengths Weaknesses Effective Use of C 2. C Fundamentals
More informationPROGRAMMAZIONE I A.A. 2018/2019
PROGRAMMAZIONE I A.A. 2018/2019 COMMENTS COMMENTS There are two ways to insert a comment in C: üblock comments begin with /* and end with */, and üline comments begin with // and end with the next new
More informationChapter 2: Data Types and Arithmetic Expressions TRUE/FALSE
Chapter 2: Data Types and Arithmetic Expressions TRUE/FALSE 1. Data can take many forms, including numbers, individual alphabetic characters, strings of alphabetic characters, and numbers with specific
More informationCS349/SE382 A1 C Programming Tutorial
CS349/SE382 A1 C Programming Tutorial Erin Lester January 2005 Outline Comments Variable Declarations Objects Dynamic Memory Boolean Type structs, enums and unions Other Differences The Event Loop Comments
More information1007 Imperative Programming Part II
Agenda 1007 Imperative Programming Part II We ve seen the basic ideas of sequence, iteration and selection. Now let s look at what else we need to start writing useful programs. Details now start to be
More informationC Programming. Course Outline. C Programming. Code: MBD101. Duration: 10 Hours. Prerequisites:
C Programming Code: MBD101 Duration: 10 Hours Prerequisites: You are a computer science Professional/ graduate student You can execute Linux/UNIX commands You know how to use a text-editing tool You should
More informationprintf( Please enter another number: ); scanf( %d, &num2);
CIT 593 Intro to Computer Systems Lecture #13 (11/1/12) Now that we've looked at how an assembly language program runs on a computer, we're ready to move up a level and start working with more powerful
More informationCOMP322 - Introduction to C++ Lecture 01 - Introduction
COMP322 - Introduction to C++ Lecture 01 - Introduction Robert D. Vincent School of Computer Science 6 January 2010 What this course is Crash course in C++ Only 14 lectures Single-credit course What this
More informationAgenda. CS 61C: Great Ideas in Computer Architecture. Lecture 2: Numbers & C Language 8/29/17. Recap: Binary Number Conversion
CS 61C: Great Ideas in Computer Architecture Lecture 2: Numbers & C Language Krste Asanović & Randy Katz http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c Numbers wrap-up This is not on the exam! Break C Primer Administrivia,
More informationData Structures and Algorithms (DSA) Course 4. Iulian Năstac
Data Structures and Algorithms (DSA) Course 4 Iulian Năstac 10. Functions for dynamic memory allocation (recapitulation) Dynamic allocation is a specific characteristic allowed by some computing languages,
More informationFile I/O. Last updated 10/30/18
Last updated 10/30/18 Input/Output Streams Information flow between entities is done with streams Keyboard Text input stream data stdin Data Text output stream Monitor stdout stderr printf formats data
More informationCS 61C: Great Ideas in Computer Architecture. Lecture 2: Numbers & C Language. Krste Asanović & Randy Katz
CS 61C: Great Ideas in Computer Architecture Lecture 2: Numbers & C Language Krste Asanović & Randy Katz http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs61c Numbers wrap-up This is not on the exam! Break C Primer Administrivia,
More information