From An Introduction to SAS University Edition. Full book available for purchase here.

Transcription

1 From An Introduction to SAS University Edition. Full book available for purchase here. Contents List of Programs... xi About This Book... xvii About the Author... xxi Acknowledgments... xxiii Part 1: Getting Acquainted with the SAS Studio Environment... 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to the SAS University Edition... 3 Introduction: An Overview of SAS and the SAS University Edition... 3 Obtaining Your Free Copy of SAS... 4 Installing the SAS University Edition... 6 Conclusion Chapter 2: The SAS Studio Interface Introduction Exploring the Built-In Data Sets Sorting Your Data Switching Between Column Names and Column Labels Resizing Tables Creating Filters Conclusion Chapter 3: Importing Your Own Data Introduction Exploring the Utilities Tab Importing Data from an Excel Workbook Listing the SAS Data Set Importing an Excel Workbook with Invalid SAS Variable Names Importing an Excel Workbook That Does Not Have Variable Names... 34

2 iv Importing Data from a CSV File Conclusion Chapter 4: Creating Reports Introduction Using the List Data Task to Create a Simple Listing Filtering Data Sorting Data Outputting PDF and RTF Files Joining Tables (Using the Query Window) Conclusion Chapter 5: Summarizing Data Using SAS Studio Introduction Summarizing Numeric Variables Adding a Classification Variable Summarizing Character Variables Conclusion Chapter 6: Graphing Data Introduction Creating a Frequency Bar Chart Creating a Bar Chart with a Response Variable Adding a Group Variable Creating a Pie Chart Creating a Scatter Plot Conclusion Part 2: Learning How to Write Your Own SAS Programs.. 89 Chapter 7: An Introduction to SAS Programming SAS as a Programming Language The SAS Studio Programming Windows Your First SAS Program How the DATA Step Works How the INPUT Statement Works Reading Delimited Data How Procedures (PROCS) Work

3 v How SAS Works: A Look Inside the Black Box Conclusion Chapter 8: Reading Data from External Files Introduction Reading Data Values Separated by Delimiters Reading Comma-Separated Values Files Reading Data Separated by Other Delimiters Reading Data in Fixed Columns Column Input Formatted Input Reading Excel Files Reading from an Excel Workbook where Column Headings Are Invalid SAS Variable Names Conclusion Problems Chapter 9: Reading and Writing SAS Data Sets What's a SAS Data Set? Temporary versus Permanent SAS Data Sets Shared Folders: Communicating between Your Virtual Computer and Your Real Computer Creating a Shared Folder and Reading Data from It Creating a Permanent SAS Data Set Reading from a Permanent SAS Data Set Conclusion Problems Chapter 10: Creating Formats and Labels What Is a SAS Format and Why Is It Useful? Using SAS Built-in Formats More Examples to Demonstrate How to Write Formats Describing the Difference between a FORMAT Statement in a Procedure and a FORMAT Statement in a DATA Step Making Your Formats Permanent Creating Variable Labels Conclusion Problems

4 vi Chapter 11: Performing Conditional Processing Introduction Grouping Age Using Conditional Processing Using Conditional Logic to Check for Data Errors Describing the IN Operator Using Boolean Logic (AND, OR, and NOT Operators) A Special Caution When Using Multiple OR Operators Conclusion Problems Chapter 12: Performing Iterative Processing: Looping Introduction Demonstrating a DO Group Describing a DO Loop Using a DO Loop to Graph an Equation DO Loops with Character Values Leaving a Loop Based on Conditions (DO WHILE and DO UNTIL Statements) DO WHILE Combining an Iterative Loop with a WHILE Condition Do UNTIL Demonstrating That a DO UNTIL Loop Executes at Least Once Combining an Iterative Loop with an UNTIL Condition LEAVE and CONTINUE Statements Conclusion Problems Chapter 13: Working with SAS Dates Introduction Reading Dates from Text Data Creating a SAS Date from Month, Day, and Year Values Describing a Date Constant Extracting the Day of the Week, Day of the Month, and Year from a SAS Date Adding a Format to the Bar Chart Computing Age from Date of Birth: The YRDIF Function Conclusion Problems

5 vii Chapter 14: Subsetting and Combining SAS Data Sets Introduction Subsetting (Filtering) Data in a SAS Data Set Describing a WHERE= Data Set Option Describing a Subsetting IF Statement A More Efficient Way to Subset Data When Reading Raw Data Creating Several Data Subsets in One DATA Step Combining SAS Data Sets (Combining Rows) Adding a Few Observations to a Large Data Set (PROC APPEND) Interleaving Data Sets Merging Two Data Sets (Adding Columns) Controlling Which Observations Are Included in a Merge (IN= Data Set Option) Performing a One-to-Many or Many-to-One Merge Merging Two Data Sets with Different BY Variable Names Merging Two Data Sets with One Character and One Numeric BY Variable Updating a Master File from a Transaction File (UPDATE Statement) Conclusion Problems Chapter 15: Describing SAS Functions Introduction Describing Some Useful Numeric Functions Function Name: MISSING Function Name: N Function Name: NMISS Function Name: SUM Function Name: MEAN Function Name: MIN Function Name: MAX Function Name: SMALLEST Function Name: LARGEST Programming Example Using the N, NMISS, MAX, LARGEST, and MEAN Functions. 226 Function Name: INPUT CALL Routine: CALL SORTN Function Name: LAG Function Name: DIF

6 viii Describing Some Useful Character Functions Function Names: LENGTHN and LENGTHC Function Names: TRIMN and STRIP Function Names: UPCASE, LOWCASE, and PROPCASE (Functions That Change Case) Function Name: PUT Function Name: SUBSTRN (Newer Version of the SUBSTR Function) Function Names: FIND and FINDC Function Names: CAT, CATS, and CATX Function Names: COUNT and COUNTC Function Name: COMPRESS Function Name: SCAN CALL Routine: CALL MISSING Function Names: NOTDIGIT, NOTALPHA, and NOTALNUM Function Names: ANYDIGIT, ANYALPHA, and ANYALNUM Function Name: TRANWRD Conclusion Problems Chapter 16: Working with Multiple Observations per Subject Introduction Useful Tools for Working with Longitudinal Data Describing First. and Last. Variables Computing Visit-to-Visit Differences Computing Differences Between the First and Last Visits Counting the Number of Visits for Each Patient Conclusion Problems Chapter 17: Describing Arrays Introduction What Is an Array? Describing a Character Array Performing an Operation on Every Numeric Variable in a Data Set Performing an Operation on Every Character Variable in a Data Set Converting a Data Set with One Observation per Subject into a Data Set with Multiple Observations per Subject

7 ix Converting a Data Set with Multiple Observations per Subject into a Data Set with One Observation per Subject Conclusion Problems Chapter 18: Displaying Your Data Introduction Producing a Simple Report Using PROC PRINT Using Labels Instead of Variable Names as Column Headings Including a BY Variable in a Listing Including the Number of Observations in a Listing Conclusion Problems Chapter 19: Summarizing Data with SAS Procedures Introduction Using PROC MEANS (with the Default Options) Using PROC MEANS Options to Customize the Summary Report Computing Statistics for Each Value of a BY Variable Using a CLASS Statement Instead of a BY Statement Including Multiple CLASS Variables with PROC MEANS Statistics Broken Down Every Way Using PROC MEANS to Create a Summary Data Set Letting PROC MEANS Name the Variables in the Output Data Set Creating a Summary Data Set with CLASS Variables Using a Formatted CLASS Variable Demonstrating PROC UNIVARIATE Conclusion Problems Chapter 20: Computing Frequencies Introduction Creating a Data Set to Demonstrate Features of PROC FREQ Using PROC FREQ to Generate One-Way Frequency Tables Creating Two-Way Frequency Tables Creating Three-Way Frequency Tables Using Formats to Create Groups for Numeric Variables

8 x Conclusion Problems Appendix: Solutions to the Odd-Numbered Problems Index From An Introduction to SAS University Edition, by Ron Cody. Copyright 2015, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, USA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.