Java Programming Language. 0 A history

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2 Java Programming Language 0 A history

3 How java works

4 What you ll do in Java

5 JVM

6 API

7 Java Features 0Platform Independence. 0Object Oriented. 0Compiler/Interpreter 0 Good Performance 0Robust. 0Security 0 Automatic Memory Management 0 Dynamic Binding 0Threading 0 Built in Networking

8

9 IDE? Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development. -wikipedia

10 What you really need is?

11 The other thing is: 0 API documentation 0 text editor. (notepad, wordpad, textpad)

12 To do 0Install jdk 0Set path (environment variables)

13 Code Structure in Java

14 My First Program in Java //begin class Welcome1 //begin method main

15 I LOVE JAVA App public class MyFirstApp { public static void main(string[] args) { System.out.println( I LOVE JAVA ); } }

16 Modifying First Example

17 Write a class with a main Save Compile Run

18 Compiler vs Runtime Errors Compile time error is any type of error that prevents a java program to be compiled. A runtime error means an error which happens, while the program is running. error_in_java#ixzz1ztt4gqg4

19 Compiler vs Runtime a class not found, a bad file name for the defined class, Syntactic and semantics rules incompatible type-casting, referencing an invalid index in an array, using a null-object, resource problems like unavailable file-handles, out of memory situations, thread dead-locks, infinite loops(not detected!), etc.

20 Compile Time Errors

21 Runtime Errors

22

23 Variables A lion cage or a lion variable A male lion A rabbit

24 Variables Variables must have a type and a name Hi! My name is Maria I m a human being

25 Float and double byte, short, int, long

26 Variable INTEGER Whole numbers Float Real numbers

27 8 primitive data types

28 I represent a 16-bit unicode character. char I should be enclosed in single quotes. char letter= K ;

29 String

30 true? Boolean false? Declaration: boolean isfun; Declaration w/ assignment: boolean isfun=true;

31 Integer

32 Float and Double 0 Floating point values includes either a decimal point or one of the following.

33 Naming Variables 0 Variable names are case-sensitive. 0 an unlimited-length sequence of Unicode letters and digits, beginning with a letter, the dollar sign "$", or the underscore character "_". 0 The convention, however, is to always begin your variable names with a letter, not "$" or "_". 0 White space is not permitted.

34 Naming Variables Examples: gearratio NUM_GEARS is_fun isfun num1

35

36 Example on declaring:

37 Char demo // Demonstrate char data type. class CharDemo { public static void main(string args[]) { char ch1, ch2; ch1 = 88; //ascii code for x ch2 = 'Y'; System.out.print("ch1 and ch2: "); System.out.println(ch1 + " " + ch2); } } Output: ch1 and ch2: X Y

38 Char Demo 2 class CharDemo2 { } public static void main(string args[]) { } char ch1; ch1 = 'X'; System.out.println("ch1 contains " + ch1); ch1++; // increment ch1 // (a=1 a++ a=a+1 a=2) System.out.println("ch1 is now " + ch1); Output: ch1 contains X ch1 is now Y

39 Dynamic Initialization class DynamicInitialization { } public static void main(string args[]) { double a = 3.0, b = 4.0; // c is dynamically initialized double c = Math.sqrt(a * a + b * b); System.out.println("Hypotenuse is " + c); } Predict the output

40 Operators 0 are special symbols that perform specific operations on one, two, or three operands, and then return a result.

41 Example program // Compute distance light travels using long variables. class Light { } public static void main(string args[]) { } int lightspeed; long days; long seconds; long distance; // approximate speed of light in miles per second lightspeed = ; days = 1000; // specify number of days here seconds = days * 24 * 60 * 60; // convert to seconds distance = lightspeed * seconds; // compute distance System.out.print("In " + days); System.out.print(" days light will travel about "); System.out.println(distance + " miles.");

42 Arithmetic Operator

43 Arithmetic Operator Demo class BasicMath { } public static void main(string args[]) { // arithmetic using integers System.out.println("Integer Arithmetic"); int a = 1 + 1; int b = a * 3; int c = b / 4; int d = c - a; int e = -d; System.out.println("a = " + a); System.out.println("b = " + b); System.out.println("c = " + c); System.out.println("d = " + d); System.out.println("e = " + e); }

44 Arithmetic Operator Demo 2 class BasicMath { } } public static void main(string args[]) { // arithmetic using doubles System.out.println("\nFloating Point Arithmetic"); double da = 1 + 1; double db = da * 3; double dc = db / 4; double dd = dc - a; double de = -dd; System.out.println("da = " + da); System.out.println("db = " + db); System.out.println("dc = " + dc); System.out.println("dd = " + dd); System.out.println("de = " + de);

45 Addition program that display the sum of two user defined numbers. import java.util.scanner; // program uses class Scanner public class Addition{ // main method begins execution of Java application public static void main( String[] args ){ // create a Scanner to obtain input from the command window Scanner input = new Scanner( System.in ); int number1; // first number to add int number2; // second number to add int sum; // sum of number1 and number2 System.out.print( "Enter first integer: " ); // prompt number1 = input.nextint(); // read first number from user System.out.print( "Enter 2nd integer: " ); // prompt number2 = input.nextint(); // read second number from user sum = number1 + number2; // add numbers, then store total in sum System.out.printf( "Sum is %d\n", sum ); // display sum } // end method main } // end class Addition

46 Seatwork 0 1. Write a program that prompt the user to enter two integers and display their sum, difference, product, quotient and remainder Write a program that display your family name, present age and future age (future age is present age +15). 0

47

48 Modulus Operator // Demonstrate the % operator. class Modulus { } public static void main(string args[]) { int x = 42; double y = 42.25; System.out.println("x mod 10 = " + x % 10); System.out.println("y mod 10 = " + y % 10); }

49 Assignment Operator

50 Assignment Operator Demo class OpEquals { public static void main(string args[]) { int a = 1; int b = 2; int c = 3; a += 5; b *= 4; c += a * b; c %= 6; System.out.println("a = " + a); System.out.println("b = " + b); System.out.println("c = " + c); } }

51 Unary Operator x=x+1 x++ x=x-1 x x --a ++variable x++ a-- variable++

52 Increment Demo class IncDec { } public static void main(string args[]) { } int a = 1; int b = 2; int c; int d; c = ++b; //c = 3 d = a++;//d = 1, a = 2 c++; //c = 4 System.out.println("a = " + a); System.out.println("b = " + b); System.out.println("c = " + c); System.out.println("d = " + d);

53 Equality Operators = var = expression x = y = z = 100; // set x, y, and z to 100 += -= *= /= %= a+=5 or a= a+5 b-=a or b=b-a c*=d or c=c*d

54 Relational Operators The relational operators determine the relationship that one operand has to the other. The outcome of these operations is a boolean value.

55 Relational Operators Given: int a = 4; int b = 1; true Is a>b? false A is big! B is big!

56 Relational Operators Given: boolean isfun=true; true isfun==false false No fun! Very Fun!

57 Logical Operators All of the binary logical operators combine two boolean values to form a resultant boolean value

58 Logical Operators

59 Logical Operators class BoolLogic { } public static void main(string args[]) { } boolean a = true; boolean b = false; boolean d = a & b; boolean f = (!a & b) (a &!b); boolean g =!a; System.out.println(" a = " + a); System.out.println(" b = " + b); System.out.println(" a&b = " + d); System.out.println("!a&b a&!b = " + f); System.out.println("!a = " + g);

60

61 Bitwise and Bit shift Operator

62 Bitwise Logical Operators

63 The number 4210 ~ after the NOT operator is applied The Bitwise NOT Also called the bitwise complement, the unary NOT operator, ~, inverts all of the bits of its operand.

64 The AND operator, &, produces a 1 bit if both operands are also 1. A zero is produced in all other cases Bitwise AND &

65 Bitwise OR The OR operator,, combines bits such that if either of the bits in the operands is a 1, then the resultant bit is a

66 Bitwise XOR The XOR operator, ^, combines bits such that if exactly one operand is 1, then the result is 1. Otherwise, the result is zero ^

67 The Left Shift << value << num The left shift operator, <<, shifts all of the bits in a value to the left as specified number of times. class ByteShift { public static void main(string args[]) { short a = 64, b; int i; i = a << 2; b = (short) (a << 2); System.out.println("Original value of a: " + a); System.out.println("i and b: " + i + " " + b); } }

68 The Right shift >> value >> num The right shift operator, >>, shifts all of the bits in a value to the right as specified number of times. 35>> >>

69 class OpBitEquals { } public static void main(string args[]) { } int a = 1; int b = 2; int c = 3; a = 4; b >>= 1; c <<= 1; a ^= c; System.out.println("a = " + a); System.out.println("b = " + b); System.out.println("c = " + c);

70 Precedence and Associativity

71 Examples 0 Assume a=12, b and c is 11, and d=10 0 a = b + c + 10; 0 a = b + (c + 10); 0 a += b = c += d = 10; 0 23 * 4-25 / 5 % 3 * Note that these statements are intended to illustrate how associativity works and are not a recommended approach to coding.

72 Seatwork : ½ lengthwise paper 1. Predict the outptut public class CharCodeCalcs{ public static void main(string[] args){ char letter1='a'; char letter2= (char) (letter1+1); char letter3= letter2; System.out.println("Here\'s a sequence of letters: "+ letter1 + (++letter2) + (letter3++)); System.out.println("Here\'s a sequence of letters: "+ (letter1- -) + (- -letter2) + (- -letter3)); System.out.println("Here\'s a sequence of letters: "+ (letter1) + (letter2) + (letter3)); } } 2. What is the value of n (base on the ff. code snippet)? int i = 10; int n = i++%5; System.out.println("I: "+ i+" N: "+ n); n=++i%5; System.out.println("I: "+ i+" N: "+ n); 3. What is the output of the ff code snippets? int result = 1 + 3; System.out.println(result); result = result - 1; System.out.println(result); result = result * 2; System.out.println(result); result = result / 3; System.out.println(result); result = result + 4; System.out.println(result); result = result % 5; System.out.println(result); Write the output after each operation: 4. 25<< >> AND XOR OR NOT *4/(10-6)+25*2

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