Year 12 Computer Science Learning Cycle 2 Overview
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1 Year 12 Computer Science Learning Cycle 2 Overview Learning Cycle Overview: Specification Topic Taught Week abcd Operating System Functions, MM, Interupts & Scheduling ea Integrated Development Environments, algorithms, pseudocode & data types a Project Analysis Stakeholders efg OS Types, BIOS, Device Drivers, Virtual Machines a Selection techniques in programming a Project Analysis Stakeholders - individuals, groups or persona abc Nature, Utilities & O/C Sources a Iteration & branching in programming a Project Analysis Research of existing alternative solutions def Translaters, Compilation & Linkers/Loaders cd Subroutines: global/local variables, modules & parameters Project Analysis Research of existing alternative solutions def Recursion in programming b Object-Oriented (OO) Programming b Project Analysis Essential features of the final solution e OO Programming (continued) 3.1.3c Project Analysis Limitations of the proposed solution 6 Page 1
2 Line of Enquiry 1 (Unit 2 - Systems Software): What role does system software play in the operation of a computer? Intentions from OCR A2 Specification: Lesson 1-2: Operating System Functions, MM, Interupts & Scheduling Lesson 6-7: OS Types, BIOS, Device Drivers, Virtual Machines Structure and function of the processor (a) The Arithmetic and Logic Unit; ALU, Control Unit and Registers (Program Counter; PC, Accumulator; ACC, Memory Address Register; MAR, Memory Data Register; MDR, Current Instruction Register; CIR). Buses: data, address and control: how this relates to assembly language programs. (b) The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle; including its effects on registers. (c) The factors affecting the performance of the CPU: clock speed, number of cores, cache. (d) The use of pipelining in a processor to improve efficiency. (e) Von Neumann, Harvard and contemporary processor architecture Types of processor (a) The differences between and uses of CISC and RISC processors. (b) GPUs and their uses (including those not related to graphics). (c) Multicore and Parallel systems Input, output and storage (a) How different input, output and storage devices can be applied to the solution of different problems. (b) The uses of magnetic, flash and optical storage devices. (c) RAM and ROM. (d) Virtual storage. Operating system, memory management, interrupts, scheduling routines, Interrupt Service Routine (ISR), processor scheduling algorithms Function and purpose of an operating system - Understand the function and purpose of an operating system - Describe memory management, interrupts, scheduling routines - Describe the role of interrupts and an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) within the fetch-decode- execute cycle - Describe the need for processor scheduling algorithms - Describe scheduling algorithms: round robin, first come first served, multilevel feedback queues, shortest job first and shortest remaining time Distributed, embedded, multi-tasking, multi-user and real-time operating systems, BIOS, device drivers and virtual machines Types of operating system - Describe distributed, embedded, multi-tasking, multi-user and real-time operating systems - Describe BIOS, device drivers and virtual machines Lesson 11-12: Nature, Utilities & O/C Sources Lesson 16-17: Translaters, Compilation & Linkers/Loaders Systems software, applications software, utility program, open sourc Assembler, compiler, interpreter, compilation, interpretation, bytecode, linkers, loaders, libraries Nature of applications Programming language translators - Distinguish between systems software and applications software - Describe what is meant by a utility program and give examples - Be able to justify a suitable application for a specific purpose - Distinguish between open source and closed source software - Understand the role of an assembler, compiler and interpreter - Explain the difference between compilation and interpretation, and describe situations when both would be appropriate - Explain why an intermediate language such as bytecode is produced as the final output by some compilers and how it is subsequently used - Describe the stages of compilation: lexical analysis, syntax analysis, code generation and optimisation - Describe the function of linkers and loaders - Describe the use of libraries Page 2
3 Line of Enquiry 2 (Unit 11 - Programming Techniques): How can we use programs to solve problems? Intentions from OCR A2 Specification: Lesson 3-4: Integrated Development Environments, algorithms, pseudocode & dalesson 8-9: Selection techniques in programming Programming techniques (a) Programming constructs: sequence, iteration, branching. (b) Recursion, how it can be used and compares to an iterative approach. (c) Global and local variables. (d) Modularity, functions and procedures, parameter passing by value and by reference. (e) Use of an IDE to develop/debug a program. (f) Use of object oriented techniques Types of Programming Language (e) Object-oriented languages (see appendix 5d for pseudocode style) with an understanding of classes, objects, methods, attributes, inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism. IDE, debug, algorithm, pseudocode, data types, arithmetic operations Programming Basics - Be familiar with the use of an IDE to develop and debug a program - Define what is meant by an algorithm and pseudocode - Learn how and when different data types are used - Learn the basic arithmetic operations available in a typical programming language - Write pseudocode solutions to simple problems Relational operators, Boolean operations AND, OR, NOT, switch/case, selection Selection - Use relational operators - Use Boolean operations AND, OR, NOT - Use the switch/case statement for selection - Use nested selection statements Lesson 13-14: Iteration & branching in programming Lesson 18-19: Subroutines: global/local variables, modules & parameters Lesson 21-22: Recursion in programming Loops, while, repeat, for Subroutines, calling, arguments/parameters, local & global variables Recursion, iteration Iteration and recursion Subroutines Recursion - while endwhile - do (or repeat) until - for next - Be familiar with subroutines, their uses and advantages - Use subroutines that return values to the calling routine - Use arguments/parameters to pass data to subroutines by value and by reference - Contrast the use of local and global variables - Use recursion to solve simple problems - Trace a recursive algorithm - Compare recursion to an iterative approach Knowledge Input Check Development REACH Improvement Feedback Type: Self Peer Tutor Page 3
4 Lesson 23-24: Object-Oriented (OO) Programming Lesson 26-27: OO Programming (continued) Object oriented language, classes, objects, methods, attributes, inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism Object oriented language, classes, objects, methods, attributes, inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism Basic concepts of object oriented programming OO Programming Practice - Describe the features of an object oriented language: - classes, objects, methods, attributes, inheritance, encapsulation and polymorphism - Write pseudocode for a class definition - Write pseudocode to instantiate an object and use its methods - Draw inheritance diagrams - Describe the advantages of an object oriented approach to programming - Produce example pieces of code that use OO programming for a variety of scenarios Line of Enquiry 3 (Project): Intentions from OCR A2 Specification: Lesson 5: Stakeholders Lesson 10: Stakeholders - individuals, groups or persona 3.1 Analysis of the problem Stakeholders (a) Identify and describe those who will have an interest in the solution explaining how the solution is appropriate to their needs (this may be named individuals, groups or persona that describes the target end user). what stakeholders are and how they influence a project different stakeholders will judge your success against their own set of requirements Research the problem (a) Research the problem and solutions to similar problems to identify and justify suitable approaches to a solution. (b) Describe the essential features of a computational solution explaining these choices. (c) Explain the limitations of the proposed solution. - Identify the role that stakeholders hold in any given project - Describe how the nature of the project helps determine the role of the stakeholder - Identify those who will have an interest in the solution - Describe how the solution will be appropriate to their needs with appropriate supporting information Lesson 15: Research of existing alternative solutions Lesson 20: Research of existing alternative solutions Lesson 25: Essential features of the final solution Page 4
5 referencing existing solutions to similar problems can aid the development process identifying shortfalls in existing solutions can enhance your final product idenitfying the key requirements for a project ensure it more likely to succeed - Identify at least 3 similar problems that have been solved - Describe how these problems relate to your own project proposal - Analyse how the solutions overcame the initial problem with a critical evaluation of the suitability of the final product - Identify the main features that will be required to satisfy the requirements of your proposal - Describe how these will be achieved with cvlear links to your research Knowledge Input Check Development REACH Improvement Feedback Type: Self Peer Tutor Lesson 30: Limitations of the proposed solution anticipating problems in advance enables you to avoid unnecessary disruption - Idenitfy and potential obstacles you may encounter during your project - Explain any skill/knowledge gapos you will need to address to successfully complete the project with suggestions for how these will be overcome Knowledge Input Check Development REACH Improvement Feedback Type: Self Peer Tutor Page 5
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