Department of Computer Science & Engineering Question Bank

Transcription

1 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada) An ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Institute. NH-5, Anakapalle , Visakhapatnam, A.P. Phone: / / , info@diet.edu.in Department of Computer Science & Engineering Question Bank Academic Year Course: B.Tech Class- III Year I SEMESTER Branch: CSE-A &B Subject :- Data Communication Faculty Name: Ramaraju Unit I INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING, SIGNALS, NOISE, MODULATION, AND DEMODULATION 1. a. Discuss in Detail about Peer-to-Peer and Dedicated Client/Server Networks. [5 Marks] b. Write the comparison between asynchronous and synchronous data transmission. [5 Marks] 2. a.what is topology? Explain topologies in Data Communications? [6 Marks] b. What are the various types of transmission modes and explain. [4 Marks] 3. a. What is Data Communications? Explain briefly Data communication circuit. [4 Marks] b. Draw OSI architectural model for open system inter networking and explain. [6 Marks] 4. a. Explain about Amplitude Modulation, Digital Modulation techniques. [5 Marks] b. What is Electrical Noise. Explain about Types of Electrical noise? [5 Marks] 5. a. Explain the relationship between serial and parallel Data Transmission. [4 Marks] b. Explain in detail about the TCP/IP Protocol suit. [6 Marks] 6. a.define about Information Capacity and Explain about M-ary Encoding. [5 Marks] b. Explain about Different Network Classifications. [5 Marks] Unit II METALLIC CABLE TRANSMISSION MEDIA, OPTICAL FIBER TRANSMISSION MEDIA 1. a. Draw explain the Optical Fiber Communication System. [6 Marks] b. List out the Advantages and Disadvantages of Optical fiber Transmission. [4 Marks] 2. a. Explain the characteristics of Electromagnetic waves. [4 Marks] b. Explain how light Propagate through Optical Fiber. [6 Marks] 3. a. Explain about Electromagnetic Waves. [5 Marks] b. What are the Metallic Transmission Lines and Explain? [5 Marks] 4. a. Explain how Optical Fiber is constructed with a Diagram. [5 Marks] b. Write a brief note on the Predominant losses in Optical Fiber Cables. [5 Marks] 5. a. Discuss about Optical Fiber Modes and Classification. [5 Marks] b. Explain Losses in Optical Fiber Cables, Laser. [5 Marks]

2 Unit III DIGITAL TRANSMISSION, MULTIPLEXING AND T CARRIERS 1. a. What is a T carrier & fractional T carrier system? Describe about various T carrier systems. [5 Marks] b. Compare WDM and DWDM and also list the advantages and disadvantages of WDM. [5 Marks] 2. a. What do you understand by companding?? Compare analog and digital companding. [5 Marks] b. What is SQR and give its relationship with PCM code. [5 Marks] 3. a. What is the difference between FDMA, TDMA and CDMA? [7 Marks] b. Explain about WDM? [3 Marks] 4. a.what is super frame and extended super frame TDM format? Explain with an example. [5 Marks] b. What is frame synchronization and how it is achieved in PCM-TDM system. [5 Marks] 5. a. Explain about Digital line, Line Coding and SONET. [5 Marks] b. Draw and explain Single Channel, Simplex PCM Transmission system. [5 Marks] Unit IV WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS 1 a. What is a radio wave? What are the optical properties of radio waves? [5 Marks] b. What are the three modes of terrestrial propagation of electromagnetic waves? Explain [5 Marks] 2 a. What is meant by a free space path loss of an electromagnetic wave? [5 Marks] b. Draw the Block Diagram of Simplex Microwave Radio Link and explain it. [5 Marks] 3 a. Explain the Terms Satellite Elevation Categories, Satellite orbits, Orbital Patterns. [5 Marks] b. Compare FDMA, TDMA and CDMA. [5 Marks] 4 a. Explain the term skip distance, satellite footprint. [6 Marks] b.to Explain the advantages of geosynchronous satellites. [4 Marks] 5 a. List the pros and cons of microwave communications over cable transmission facilities. [5 Marks] b. Explain about Ground Wave and Space Wave Propagation. [5 Marks] Unit V TELEPHONE INSTRUMENTS AND SIGNALS, CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEMS 1. a. What is a telephone set? Describe about functional components of a standard telephone set. [6 Marks] b. Explain briefly how caller ID operates and when it is used. [4 Marks] 2. a. What is crosstalk and what are the three types of crosstalk in telephone systems? [5 Marks] b. Compare near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk. [5 Marks] 3. a. Write a brief note on GSM Services. [5 Marks] b. What is a paging system? Describe with a block diagram how a paging system works. [5 Marks] 4. a. Compare the operation of a cordless telephone and a standard telephone. [4 Marks] b. What is meant by transmission line encoding? Compare C-type & D-type line conditioning. [6 Marks] 5. a. Discuss about the call progress tones and signals. [5 Marks]

3 b. What are the steps involved in completing a local telephone call? [5 Marks] 6. a. Explain about AMPS Identification code. [4 Marks] b. Explain in Detail about First generation Analog Cellular Telephone System. [6 Marks] Unit VI DATA COMMUNICATIONS CODES, ERROR CONTROL, AND DATA FORMATS, DATA COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT 1. a. Explain about Data Communication Character codes. [5 Marks] b. List and Describe the blocks of a Voice-Band Modem. [5 Marks] 2. a. Classify and Explain Bar-Codes. [4 Marks] b. Explain about Asynchronous Voice Band Modems with neat Diagram. [6 Marks] 3. a. What is Redundancy Checking? Explain four basic types of Redundancy Checks. [5 Marks] b. Write a Detailed note on Synchronous Voice Band Modem. [5 Marks] 4. a. Explain about Retransmission and Forward error Correction. [5 Marks] b. What is the Significance of Modem Equalizer in Modem Synchronization? [5 Marks] 5. a. Write about the modem AT Command Set. [3 Marks] b. Write about POSTNET Code, Code-39, and Universal Product Code. [7 Marks] 6. a. What is modem synchronization? Define list of modem synchronization functions. [5 Marks] b. Describe the differences between cable modems and standard voice band modems. [5 Marks]

4 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada) An ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Institute. NH-5, Anakapalle , Visakhapatnam, A.P. Phone: / / , info@diet.edu.in Course : B.Tech. Branch : CSE-A&B Year/Semester : III/I Academic Year : Faculty Name : K. Sri Lakshmi Subject : Operating Systems Admitted Batch : 2013 QUESTION BANK Unit I : Computer System and Operating System Overview 1. a. What is an Operating System and What are the goals of an OS? [5 Marks] b. Explain various types of OS? [5 Marks] 2. a. Explain different types of Storage structures? [5 Marks] b. Explain OS Functions? [5 Marks] 3. a. Discuss about different types of System calls? [5 Marks] b. Difference between Symmetric and Asymmetric Multiprocessing? [5 Marks] 4. a. What are the OS components? [5 Marks] b. Explain about Operating System Generations? [5 Marks] 5. a. Explain about Multiprogramming, Multitasking, Multiprocessing? [5 Marks] b. Write a short note on Distributed Operating Systems? [5 Marks] Unit II : Process Management 1. a. Explain various types of the CPU Scheduling algorithms? With Examples [5 Marks] b. Explain about Scheduling Methodologies? [5 Marks] 2. a. What is Process and What are the Process States? [7 Marks] b. Explain about Process Operations? [3 Marks] 3. a. Explain about Cooperating and Inter Process Communication? [5 Marks] b. Explain the Difference between Process and Thread? [5 Marks] 4. a. Discuss about different types of Schedulers? [5 Marks] b. Write the difference between Pre-emptive and Non Pre-emptive scheduling? [5 Marks] 5. a. Explain about Multithreading and their advantages? [5 Marks] b. Explain the Difference between Process and Thread? [5 Marks]

5 Unit III : Concurrency 1. a. Discuss about the Critical- Section Problem? [4 Marks] b. What are the conditions of the Critical Section Problem? [6 Marks] 2. a. Explain about Semaphore? [4 Marks] b. Using Monitors explain Dining philosopher problem? [6 Marks] 3. a. Explain Producer and Consumer Problem? With Algorithms [5 Marks] b. Explain about Race condition? [3 Marks] 4. a. Discuss about the Critical- Section Problem? [3 Marks] b. Discuss about various Classic Problems of Synchronization? [7 Marks] 5. a. Discuss about any two Classic Problems of Synchronization? [5 Marks] b. Explain about Monitors? With examples? [5 Marks] Unit IV : Memory Management 1. a. Discuss about Contiguous Memory Allocation methods? [8 Marks] b. Differences between Logical and Physical address space? [2 Marks] 2. a. Explain about Paging?What are the techniques for structuring the Page table? [7 Marks] b. Explain about Swapping? [3 Marks] 3. a. Explain about Segmentation? Define Segmentation with Paging? [7 Marks] b. Write the differences between Internal and External Fragmentation? [3 Marks] 4. a. What is Belady s Anomaly and Explain with an Example? [7 Marks] b. Define Thrashing? [3 Marks] 5. a. Explain about Demand paging? What happens when Page Fault can occur? [7 Marks] b. Differences between Paging and Segmentation? [3 Marks] 6. a. Explain about Page replacement algorithms [5 Marks] b. Consider the following page reference string: 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1, 5, 6, 2, 1, 2, 3, 7, 6, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 6. How many page faults would occur for the following replacement algorithms, assuming three frames? LRU, FIFO, Optimal [5 Marks]

6 Unit V: Principles of Dead Lock 1.a. What is a Dead Lock? Give two examples? [5 Marks] b. Give a detailed description about Deadlocks and its characterization? [5 Marks] 2. a. Explain about the methods used to Prevent Deadlocks? [6 Marks] b. Discuss about RAG with examples? [4 Marks] 3. a. Explain the Banker s algorithm for Deadlock Avoidance? [7 Marks] b. Write about safe state and unsafe state? [3 Marks] 4. a. Explain about Deadlock Detection? [5 Marks] b. What is the Recovery from the Deadlocks? [5 Marks] 5. Consider the following snapshot of a system: [10 Marks] Process Allocation Max Available A B C D A B C D A B C D P P P P P Answer the following questions using the banker s algorithm: a. What is the content of the matrix Need? Is the system in a safe state? b. If a request from process P1 arrives for (0, 4, 2, 0), can the request be granted immediately? Unit VI : File System Interface & Mass Storage Structure 1. a. What is File? Explain the File Access methods? [5 Marks] b. Explain the various File allocation methods? [5 Marks] 2. a. Explain the various Directory structures? [5 Marks] b. Write a short note on Free Space Management & Swap-Space Management? [5 Marks] 3. a. Explain the various Disk Scheduling Techniques? [5 Marks] b. Suppose that a disk drive has 5000 cylinders. The current request at cylinder 143, and the previous request was at cylinder 125. The queue of pending requests, in FIFO order, is 86, 1470, 913, 1774, 948, 1509, 1022, 1750, 130 Starting from the current head position, what is the total distance(in cylinders) that the disk arm moves to satisfy all the pending requests, for each of the following disk schedulings FCFS,SSTF,SCAN, LOOK,C-SCAN [5 Marks] 4. a. Explain Disk management in detail. [5 Marks] b. Write a short note on (i) Disk attachment (ii) Tertiary Storage. [5 Marks] Signature of the Faculty

7 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada) An ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Institute. III B.TECH - I SEM Question Bank Subject Name : PPL Branch: CSE Faculty: Mr. CH. NAGABUSHANA RAO UNIT-1(INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING) 1) a) What constitutes a Programming environment(4 M) b) Explain the process of compilation in each phase of a compiler (6 M) 2) a) Give some reasons why computer scientists and professional software developers should study general concepts of language design and evaluation(7 M) b) Define Syntax and Semantics (3M) 3) a) What are the main features of the programming paradigm with examples (7 M) b) Write about Virtual Machines(3 M) 4) Explain Language Evaluation criteria and the characteristics that affect them(10 M) 5) a) Define CFG? What does it mean for CFG to be ambiguous (5 M) b) Differentiate between Hybrid Interpretation and Pure Interpretation?(5 M) UNIT II (Data, Data Types, and Basic Statements) 1) a) What is meant by type checking? Differentiate between static type checking and dynamic type checking and give their relative advantage?(5 M) b) Define grammars, derivation and a parse tree?(5 M) 2) a) Define Syntax and Semantics (4 M) b) Explain Dijkstra s selection construction and loop structure (6 M) 3) a) Explain user-located loop control mechanisms provided by various languages(5 M) b) Explain arrays, indices, subscript bindings and array categories ( 5 M) 4) a) What are dangling pointers and lost heap-dynamic variables? How they are created?(6 M) b) Write a short note on Short Cut Evaluation?(4 M) 5) a) Explain in detail various design issues of character string types(5 M) b) What is a variable and what are the attributes of a variable? (5 M) UNIT III (Subprograms and Implementations) 1) a) Explain In mode and Out Mode parameter passing mechanism ( 6 M) Page 1 of 3

8 b) What are the various design issues of sub-programs(4 M) 2) a) Explain Local referencing environment (5 M) b) Discuss in detail overloaded operators?(5 M) 3) a) What are the various design issues of functions (4 M) b) Discuss in detail overloaded methods?(6 M) 4) a) How to implement generic functions in C++ (6 M) b) What are the characteristics of co-routine feature? List the languages which allow co-routines ( 4 M) 5) a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of dynamic local variables (5 M) b) Write in detail about nested sub programs (5 M) UNIT IV (Object Orientation, Concurrency and Event Handling) 1) a) What are the various design issues for OOP languages (5 M) b) Explain Message passing (5 M) 2) a) Explain various Object Oriented constructs (5 M) b) Explain Concurrency in Ada (5 M) 3) a) Discuss about producer-consumer problem (6 M) b) What is the difference between checked and unchecked exception in Java(4 M) 4) a) Discuss about Dining Philosopher s problem (5 M) b) Explain the concept of Semaphores(5 M) 5) a) With respect to OOP, briefly explain virtual functions(4 M) b) Explain Exception Handling mechanism in C++(6 M) UNIT V (Functional Programming Languages) 1) a) What is type inferencing used in ML? (6 M) b) What are the features of Haskell that makes very different from Schema?(4 M) 2) a) What are the main features of Functional Programming Languages?(4 M) b) Write a LISP function fib(n) that computes nth Fibonacci number? (6 M) 3) a) Explain LISP interpreter (6 M) b) Explain various functions provided in LISP. 4) a) Write about Lambda Calculus?(6 M) b) What are the three features of Haskell that makes very different from Schema?(4 M) Page 2 of 3

9 5) a) Explain Data Types and Structures in LISP(7 M) b) Explain Primitive Numeric Functions in Scheme(3 M) UNIT-VI (Logic Programming Languages) 1. a) For what sort of application logic programming is useful? Briefly explain. (6 M) b) Describe about Fact Statements in Prolog (4 M) 2) a) Explain Propositions ( 6 M) b) Discuss Clausal Form?(4 M) 3) a) What is Inferencing Process of Prolog? (6 M) b) Discuss Goal Statements in Prolog(4 M) 4) a) Explain Rule statements in Prolog(6 M) b) Discuss Terms in Prolog(4 M) 5) a) Explain Simple arithmetic in Prolog(6 M) b) Discuss Clausal Form?(4 M) Page 3 of 3

10 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada) An ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Institute. NH-5, Anakapalle , Visakhapatnam, A.P. Phone: / / , info@diet.edu.in Question Bank Compiler Design Common to III CSE A & B By Nuka Raju Kolli Associate Professor, CSE Unit -1 1) a) Explain phases of compiler. b)explain Regular Expression and Regular Definition 2) a) Design a Transition diagram for recognize the identifiers b) Define a compiler and differentiate the compiler and interpreter. 3) a) Explain the Role of Lexical Analyzer. b) Explain Phases of Compiler. 4) a) Write a Regular Definition for c-identifiers b) Write a transition diagram for relational operators. 5) a) Explain the extension of Regular Expression. b) Explain about recognition of tokens. Unit 2 1) a) Explain the Role of Parser b)what is a CFG and write the CFG for declarative statements, and construct the parse tree. - 5 Marks 2) a) Write the CFG for arithmetic operations and also construct the parse tree b) Write the LMD,RMD for the above parse tree and also check the ambiguity. 3) a) What is Top Down Parsing. Eliminate the left recursion from the following grammar. S->Aa/b A->AS/sd/c b)what is Left factoring and apply the left factoring for the following grammar. S->iEtS/iEtSeS/a E->b 4) a) How do you compute the First of a grammar. And Compute the first for the following Grammar A-Bb/Cd B->AB/ C->cC/ b) How do you compute the Follow of the grammar. And also find the Follow of the given grammar E->TE 1 E 1 ->+TE 1 / T->FT 1 T 1 ->*FT 1 / F->(E)/id

11 5) a) What is LL(1) grammar and check the following grammar is LL(1) or not. S->iEtSS 1 /a S 1 ->es/ E->b b)explain error recovery in predictive parsing. UNIT 3 1) a) What is bottom up parsing approach, Types of Bottom up approaches b) Explain the Shift Reduce Parser and explain the operations of SRP with an example 2) a) Explain the model of LR Parser. And also Explain the differences of LL and LR Parsers b) Explain about operator precedence 3) a) Compute the LR(0) items for the following augmented grammar. E 1 ->E T->F E->E+T F->(E) E->T F->id T->T*F b)construct the SLR table for the above grammar. 4) a) Explain about operator precedence b)explain the difference between operator precedence and simple precedence. 5) a) Construct the LR(1) items to the given CFG S->CC C->cC/d b) Construct CLR(1) parsing table with explanation of neat steps. UNIT 4 1) a) Explain the Syntax Directed Definitions, Synthesized and Inherited Attributes with example. b) Write the annotated parse tree for 3*5+4n 2) a) Explain about Dependency Graph. b) Explain about S-attribute and L-attribute definitions. 3) a) Explain about Activation trees b) Explain three address code, Quadruples, and Triples 4) a) Explain about Activation Records b) Explain about the Abstract Syntax tree and Polish notation. 5) a) Explain the merits and demerits of quadruples, triples and indirect triple. b) Explain about abstract syntax trees with an example UNIT 5 1) a) Explain about storage organization b) Explain about dynamic and static storage allocation

12 2) a) Explain heap management b) Explain about parameter passing mechanism 3) a) Explain about Basic blocks of code generation phase b) Explain about DAG representation. 4) a) Explain about Garbage collection via reference counting. b) Explain heap management 5) a) Explain about storage organization b) Explain about peep hole optimization UNIT 6 1) a) How do you eliminate the common sub expression, Explain b) Explain about the Common sub expression elimination 2) a) Explain about Constant Folding and constant propagation b) Explain Dead code Elimination 3) a) Explain about loop optimization techniques. b) Explain Dead code Elimination 4) a) Explain about strength reduction. b) Explain about instruction scheduling 5) a) Explain about Inter Procedural Optimization(IOP) b) Explain about the Common sub expression elimination

13 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (Approved by A.I.C.T.E., New Delhi & Affiliated to JNTUK, Kakinada) An ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 Certified Institute. NH-5, Anakapalle , Visakhapatnam, A.P. Phone: / / , info@diet.edu.in Question Bank Data Base Management Systems Class: III CSE B - I Sem Name of the Faculty- Mr. Y. Dinesh Kumar UNIT-I 1) a) Draw and explain the detailed system architecture of DBMS. 4 Marks b) What are the advantages of DBMS? -2 Marks c) Describe the concept of client/server model. -4 Marks 2) a) Discuss the main characteristics of the database approach and specify how it differs from traditional file system. -5 Marks b) Explain in detail about the three tier schema architecture of DBMS. -5 Marks 3) a) Discuss the activities of different database users. -4 Marks b) Briefly describe various architectures of database systems. -5 Marks 4) a) Compare the database system with conventional file system. -5 Marks b) Describe in detail about two-tier and three-tier client-server architectures. 5 Marks 5) a) Explain about database applications. -4 Marks b) Describe about Centralized and Client server architecture for the database. 6 Marks UNIT-II 1) a) Explain in detail about various key constraints used in database system. 5 Marks b) Explain the importance of Null values in Relational Model. 2) a) Describe the concept of Referential Integrity. b) List and explain the common data types available in SQL. 5 Marks 3) a) Write a short notes on i) Foreign Key ii) Relation state iii) Database schema. 6 Marks b) Write and explain the structure of SQL SELECT statement with suitable example. 4) a) Explain the importance of avoiding NULL values in a database. 4 Marks b) Write short notes on i) DDL ii) DML iii) Database Schema. -6 marks 5) a) Explain arithmetic & Logical Operations in database management systems -5Marks b) Explain different SQL functions. -5Marks

14 UNIT-III 1) a) Discuss the mechanism of attribute relationship inheritance. How is it useful? -5 Marks b) By considering an example describe various data update operations in SQL. -5 Marks 2) a) Differentiate specialization and generalization. -5 Marks b) What is a view? How views are implemented? -5 Marks 3) a) Discuss in detail about the concepts of E-R model with suitable examples. -5 Marks b) What is a group function? List and explain how to use group functions in SQL with appropriate examples. -5 Marks 4) a) Explain about various constraints used in ER-model. -5 Marks b) Differentiate between independent and correlated nested queries. -5 Marks 5) a) What are the SQL constructs to modify the structure of tables and destroy tables and views? Describe what happens when destroy a view. -5 Marks b) What is join operation and why it is required? With an example, briefly describe condition join, natural join and equijoin. -5 Marks UNIT-IV 1) a) Explain insertion, deletion and modification anomalies with suitable examples. -5 Marks b) State BCNF. How does it differ from 3NF? -5 Marks 2) a) What is meant by the closure of functional dependencies? Illustrate with an example. -5 Marks b) State 1NF, 2NF & 3NF and explain with examples. -5 Marks 3) a) State the Armstrong inference rules. Provide suitable examples to describe each. -5 Marks b) Show how to preserve Functional Dependencies during decomposition. -5 Marks 4) a) What is normalization? Explain its need. -4 Marks b) Discuss in detail about various normal forms. -6 Marks 5) a) What is lossless join? Briefly describe problems caused by redundancy. -5 Marks b) What is BCNF? What is the motivation for putting a relation in BCNF? What is the motivation for 3NF? In what way 3NF is different from BCNF. -5 Marks UNIT-V 1) a) Draw transaction state diagram and describe each state that a transaction goes through

15 during its execution. -5 Marks b) Explain in detail about timestamp based concurrency control techniques. -5 Marks 2) a) Discuss about different types of failures. -4 Marks b) What is 2-phase locking protocol? How does it guarantee serializability? -6 Marks 3) a) Why the concurrency control is needed? Explain it. -4 Marks b) Write and explain optimistic concurrency control algorithm. -6 Marks 4) a) Write short notes on: i) Phantom Record ii) Repeatable Read iii) Incorrect Summary iv) Dirty Read. 6Marks b) Describe Wait/Die and Wound/Wait deadlock protocols. -4 Marks 5) a) List the ACID properties. Explain the importance of each. -5 Marks b) What is serializability? With an example briefly describe conflict serializability. -5 Marks UNIT-VI 1) a) Explain in detail about internal hashing Techniques. -5 Marks b) Discuss in detail about cluster and Multilevel indexes. -5 Marks 2) a) Explain in detail about external hashing techniques. -5 Marks b) By considering an example, show how to reduce access time with primary index. -5 Marks 3) a) When does a collision occur in hashing? Illustrate various collision resolution techniques. -5 Marks b) Describe different methods of defining indexes on multiple keys. -5 Marks 4) a) Discuss in detail about primary file organization. -5 Marks b) By considering relevant example, show insertion and deletion operations on a B-Tree. -5 Marks 5)a) With an example, describe in detail about B+ Tree index structure. -5 Marks b) What is primary index? In what way primary index is different from secondary and unique indexes? Briefly describe hash based indexing. -5 Marks