One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to bring them all,
|
|
- Leo Henderson
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Binding COMP360
2 One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all, And in the darkness bind them. inscription on the One Ring J. R. R. Tolkien
3 Reading Read chapter 10 of the textbook
4 Binding A binding is an association between two things, such as a name and the thing it names A name is exactly what you think it is Most names are identifiers symbols (like '+') can also be names The scope of a binding is the part of the program in which the binding is active from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
5 What are we binding? At some point a variable name is bound to a memory location In Java, the keyword this means this object. It is bound to a specific object when the method is executed Keywords (such as final, synchronized or long) are bound to a specific concept at language design
6 Binding Time Binding Time is the point at which a binding is created or, more generally, the point at which any implementation decision is made Some bindings are made before the program is executed Other bindings are made during program execution from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
7 Binding Time Examples Language design time meaning of keywords Language implementation time implementation of types Program writing time names to concepts Compile time variable names to relative addresses, program statements to machine language Link time - layout of whole program in memory
8 Run Time Binding Examples Program load variables and methods assigned to physical addresses Method Entry actual parameter values bound to formal parameters, local variables bound to memory locations
9 Static and Dynamic The terms STATIC and DYNAMIC are generally used to refer to things bound before run time and at run time, respectively The period of time from creation to destruction is called the LIFETIME of a binding If an object outlives binding, it's garbage If a binding outlives an object, it's a dangling reference from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
10 Pros and Cons In general, early binding times are associated with greater efficiency Later binding times are associated with greater flexibility Compiled languages tend to have early binding times Interpreted languages tend to have later binding times We generally talk about the binding of identifiers to the variables they name from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
11 When is a value bound to dog? int mymethod( double dog ) A. Writing of the program B. Compile time C. Program linking D. Program load E. Method entry
12 Storage Management Storage Allocation mechanisms Static Stack Heap Static allocation for code globals static or own variables explicit constants (including strings, sets, etc) scalars may be stored in the instructions from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
13 Call stack for parameters local variables temporaries Stack Why a stack? allocate space for recursive routines (not necessary in FORTRAN no recursion) reuse space (in all programming languages) from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
14 Stack Contents Contents of a stack frame arguments and returns local variables temporaries bookkeeping (saved registers, line number static link, etc.) Local variables and arguments are assigned fixed OFFSETS from the stack pointer or frame pointer at compile time from Programming Language Pragmatics, 4 th ed, by Michael Scott
15 Binding an Array Size Binding when program is written in myprog.c int rabbit[123];
16 Binding an Array Size Binding based on a configuration file in config.h #define SIZE 123 in myprog.c #include <config.h> int rabbit[size];
17 Binding an Array Size Binding at execution time in myprog.c int arraysize; // size of the array cin >> arraysize; // read size int *rabbit; // pointer to array rabbit = new int[arraysize];
18 Binding an Array Size Dynamic size of array-like data structure in myprog.java java.util.arraylist<int> rabbit = new java.util.arraylist<>();
19 Variable Scope The Scope of a variable refers to where you can use a variable Where you declare a variable determines where it can be used The scope of a binding is the part of the program in which the binding is active
20 Variable Range Variables defined in a block can only be used in that block following the variable declaration { // you cannot use the variable moth here double moth = 72.5; // you may use the variable moth here // this is the scope of moth // The variable moth is not allowed here
21 Out of Scope int cat; if (whatever == 0) { int dog = 1; else { int dog = 2; cat = dog * 3; // Error, dog is out of scope
22 This works int cat, dog; if (whatever == 0) { dog = 1; else { dog = 2; cat = dog * 3; // Only one dog variable
23 Method Parameter Scope The parameters defined in a method header can be used throughout that method Method parameter variables cannot be used in another method void amethod( int dog, double cat ) { You can use dog and cat throughout this method
24 Declarations First Java and C++ allow you to put variable declarations anywhere in a program It is usually advantageous to declare a variable at the beginning of a block Some older programming languages required you to put all variable declarations at the beginning of a block Fortran All declarations are before executable statements Cobol declarations are in the data division
25 for Loop Scope A loop counter variable only has scope in the loop for (int cow = 0; cow < 28; cow++) { // loop body // the loop counter, cow, can be used here // You cannot use cow after the loop
26 Local Variables public static void main( ) { double cat = 5, bird = 47; Scope of cat = myfunc( bird ); cat and bird System.out.print(cat); double myfunc(double cow) { double bull; bull = cow * 2.0; return bull; Scope of cow and bull
27 Multiple Variable with the Same Name In different parts of a program, you can use the same variable name, but it will mean a different variable This can be confusing and should be avoided
28 Local Variables (Tricky) public static void main( ) { double cat = 5, bird = 47; Scope of cat = myfunc( bird ); cat and bird System.out.print(cat); int myfunc(double cow) { int bird; bird = (int)cow * 2.0; return bird; Scope of cow and bird (different bird)
29 Variables A C++ or Java method can use three different types of variables local variables defined in the method parameter variables object instance variables Object instance variables can be used in any of the methods of the class
30 Name Collision public class Collide { int rat = 3; public int square( int rat ) { return rat * rat; Collide thing = new Collide(); int turtle = thing.square( 2 ); turtle is set to 4
31 Variable Priority A method cannot have a local variable the same name as a parameter variable If a class instance variable has the same name as a local variable or parameter, the method will always use the local variable or parameter
32 More Name Collisions public class Collide { int rat = 3; public int square( int mouse) { int rat = mouse * mouse; return rat; The class instance variable rat is a different memory location from the local variable rat
33 Name Collision public class Collide { int rat = 3; public int square( int rat ) { return this.rat * rat; Collide thing = new Collide(); int turtle = thing.square( 2 ); turtle gets the value 6
34 Separate Compilation Java, C++ and many languages allow modules to be compiled separately Rules for how variables work with separate compilation are messy In C++, static on a function or variable outside a function or private in Java means it is usable only in the current source file This static is a different notion from the static variables inside a function
35 What is printed by this program? public class Click { static int crow= 5, raven= 7; static void myfunc(int parrot) { int crow; crow = parrot + 1; System.out.print( crow ); public static void main( ) { Click ques = new Click(); ques.myfunc( 3 ); System.out.print( crow ); A. 4 4 B. 4 5 C. 5 5 D. none of above
36 What is printed by this program? public class Click { static int crow= 5, raven= 7; static void myfunc(int parrot) { // changed here crow = parrot + 1; System.out.print( crow ); public static void main( ) { Click ques = new Click(); ques.myfunc( 3 ); System.out.print(crow ); A. 4 4 B. 4 5 C. 5 5 D. none of above
37 Created Elsewhere extern on a C++ variable or function means that it is declared in another source file In Java and C++, method headers without bodies are extern by default
38 No class next week Spring break is March 5 to March 11, 2017
Chapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings
Chapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings Programming Language Pragmatics Michael L. Scott Some more things about NFAs/DFAs We said that a regular expression can be: A character (base case) A concatenation
More informationReview for the Third Exam COMP163
Review for the Third Exam COMP163 On the plains of hesitation lie the blackened bones of countless millions who at the dawn of victory lay down to rest, and in resting died. Adlai E. Stevenson to the United
More informationProgramming Languages
Programming Languages Tevfik Koşar Lecture - VIII February 9 th, 2006 1 Roadmap Allocation techniques Static Allocation Stack-based Allocation Heap-based Allocation Scope Rules Static Scopes Dynamic Scopes
More informationName, Scope, and Binding. Outline [1]
Name, Scope, and Binding In Text: Chapter 3 Outline [1] Variable Binding Storage bindings and lifetime Type bindings Type Checking Scope Lifetime vs. Scope Referencing Environments N. Meng, S. Arthur 2
More informationG Programming Languages - Fall 2012
G22.2110-003 Programming Languages - Fall 2012 Lecture 2 Thomas Wies New York University Review Last week Programming Languages Overview Syntax and Semantics Grammars and Regular Expressions High-level
More informationChapter 5. Names, Bindings, and Scopes
Chapter 5 Names, Bindings, and Scopes Chapter 5 Topics Introduction Names Variables The Concept of Binding Scope Scope and Lifetime Referencing Environments Named Constants 1-2 Introduction Imperative
More informationCSC 533: Organization of Programming Languages. Spring 2005
CSC 533: Organization of Programming Languages Spring 2005 Language features and issues variables & bindings data types primitive complex/structured expressions & assignments control structures subprograms
More informationChapter 8 :: Composite Types
Chapter 8 :: Composite Types Programming Language Pragmatics, Fourth Edition Michael L. Scott Copyright 2016 Elsevier 1 Chapter08_Composite_Types_4e - Tue November 21, 2017 Records (Structures) and Variants
More informationChapter 8 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction. Final Test. Final Test Review Tomorrow
Chapter 8 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction Programming Language Pragmatics Michael L. Scott Administrative Notes Final Test Thursday, August 3 2006 at 11:30am No lecture before or after the mid-term
More informationG Programming Languages - Fall 2012
G22.2110-003 Programming Languages - Fall 2012 Lecture 4 Thomas Wies New York University Review Last week Control Structures Selection Loops Adding Invariants Outline Subprograms Calling Sequences Parameter
More informationProgramming in C. main. Level 2. Level 2 Level 2. Level 3 Level 3
Programming in C main Level 2 Level 2 Level 2 Level 3 Level 3 1 Programmer-Defined Functions Modularize with building blocks of programs Divide and Conquer Construct a program from smaller pieces or components
More informationShort Notes of CS201
#includes: Short Notes of CS201 The #include directive instructs the preprocessor to read and include a file into a source code file. The file name is typically enclosed with < and > if the file is a system
More informationEvery language has its own scoping rules. For example, what is the scope of variable j in this Java program?
Lexical Binding There are two ways a variable can be used in a program: As a declaration As a "reference" or use of the variable Scheme has two kinds of variable "declarations" -- the bindings of a let-expression
More informationCS201 - Introduction to Programming Glossary By
CS201 - Introduction to Programming Glossary By #include : The #include directive instructs the preprocessor to read and include a file into a source code file. The file name is typically enclosed with
More informationChapter 9 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction
Chapter 9 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction Programming Language Pragmatics, Fourth Edition Michael L. Scott Copyright 2016 Elsevier 1 Chapter09_Subroutines_and_Control_Abstraction_4e - Tue November
More informationCS 330 Lecture 18. Symbol table. C scope rules. Declarations. Chapter 5 Louden Outline
CS 0 Lecture 8 Chapter 5 Louden Outline The symbol table Static scoping vs dynamic scoping Symbol table Dictionary associates names to attributes In general: hash tables, tree and lists (assignment ) can
More informationTypes II. Hwansoo Han
Types II Hwansoo Han Arrays Most common and important composite data types Homogeneous elements, unlike records Fortran77 requires element type be scalar Elements can be any type (Fortran90, etc.) A mapping
More informationConcepts Introduced in Chapter 7
Concepts Introduced in Chapter 7 Storage Allocation Strategies Static Stack Heap Activation Records Access to Nonlocal Names Access links followed by Fig. 7.1 EECS 665 Compiler Construction 1 Activation
More informationFunctions in C. Lecture Topics. Lecture materials. Homework. Machine problem. Announcements. ECE 190 Lecture 16 March 9, 2011
Functions in C Lecture Topics Introduction to using functions in C Syntax Examples Memory allocation for variables Lecture materials Textbook 14.1-14.2, 12.5 Homework Machine problem MP3.2 due March 18,
More informationG Programming Languages Spring 2010 Lecture 4. Robert Grimm, New York University
G22.2110-001 Programming Languages Spring 2010 Lecture 4 Robert Grimm, New York University 1 Review Last week Control Structures Selection Loops 2 Outline Subprograms Calling Sequences Parameter Passing
More informationControl Abstraction. Hwansoo Han
Control Abstraction Hwansoo Han Review of Static Allocation Static allocation strategies Code Global variables Own variables (live within an encapsulation - static in C) Explicit constants (including strings,
More informationBinding and Storage. COMP 524: Programming Language Concepts Björn B. Brandenburg. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Binding and Storage Björn B. Brandenburg The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Based in part on slides and notes by S. Olivier, A. Block, N. Fisher, F. Hernandez-Campos, and D. Stotts. What s
More informationChapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings (cont.)
Chapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings (cont.) Programming Language Pragmatics Michael L. Scott Review What is a regular expression? What is a context-free grammar? What is BNF? What is a derivation?
More informationChapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings (cont.)
Chapter 3:: Names, Scopes, and Bindings (cont.) Programming Language Pragmatics Michael L. Scott Review What is a regular expression? What is a context-free grammar? What is BNF? What is a derivation?
More informationReferences and pointers
References and pointers Pointers are variables whose value is a reference, i.e. an address of a store location. Early languages (Fortran, COBOL, Algol 60) had no pointers; added to Fortran 90. In Pascal,
More informationChap. 8 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction
Chap. 8 :: Subroutines and Control Abstraction Michael L. Scott Programming Language Theory 2015, kkman@sangji.ac.kr 1 Review Of Stack Layout Allocation strategies Static Code Globals Own variables Explicit
More informationNames, Scopes, and Bindings. CSE 307 Principles of Programming Languages Stony Brook University
Names, Scopes, and Bindings CSE 307 Principles of Programming Languages Stony Brook University http://www.cs.stonybrook.edu/~cse307 1 Names, Scopes, and Bindings Names are identifiers (mnemonic character
More informationRun-time Environments
Run-time Environments Status We have so far covered the front-end phases Lexical analysis Parsing Semantic analysis Next come the back-end phases Code generation Optimization Register allocation Instruction
More informationRun-time Environments
Run-time Environments Status We have so far covered the front-end phases Lexical analysis Parsing Semantic analysis Next come the back-end phases Code generation Optimization Register allocation Instruction
More informationImperative Programming
Naming, scoping, binding, etc. Instructor: Dr. B. Cheng Fall 2004 1 Imperative Programming The central feature of imperative languages are variables Variables are abstractions for memory cells in a Von
More informationCS 536 Introduction to Programming Languages and Compilers Charles N. Fischer Lecture 11
CS 536 Introduction to Programming Languages and Compilers Charles N. Fischer Lecture 11 CS 536 Spring 2015 1 Handling Overloaded Declarations Two approaches are popular: 1. Create a single symbol table
More informationPrinciples of Programming Languages Topic: Scope and Memory Professor Louis Steinberg Fall 2004
Principles of Programming Languages Topic: Scope and Memory Professor Louis Steinberg Fall 2004 CS 314, LS,BR,LTM: Scope and Memory 1 Review Functions as first-class objects What can you do with an integer?
More informationNames, Scopes, and Bindings. CSE 307 Principles of Programming Languages Stony Brook University
Names, Scopes, and Bindings CSE 307 Principles of Programming Languages Stony Brook University http://www.cs.stonybrook.edu/~cse307 1 Names, Scopes, and Bindings Names are identifiers (mnemonic character
More informationHeap, Variables, References, and Garbage. CS152. Chris Pollett. Oct. 13, 2008.
Heap, Variables, References, and Garbage. CS152. Chris Pollett. Oct. 13, 2008. Outline. Dynamic Allocation. Variables and Constants. Aliases and Problems. Garbage. Introduction. On Wednesday, we were talking
More informationMethods & Classes COMP163
Methods & Classes COMP163 People think that computer science is the art of geniuses, but the actual reality is the opposite, just many people doing things that build on each other, like a wall of mini
More informationVariables and Java vs C++
Variables and Java vs C++ 1 What can be improved? (variables) public void godirection(string directionname) { boolean wenttoroom = false; for (Direction direction : currentroom.getdirections()) { if (direction.getdirectionname().equalsignorecase(directionname))
More informationCS201 Some Important Definitions
CS201 Some Important Definitions For Viva Preparation 1. What is a program? A program is a precise sequence of steps to solve a particular problem. 2. What is a class? We write a C++ program using data
More information6. Names, Scopes, and Bindings
Copyright (C) R.A. van Engelen, FSU Department of Computer Science, 2000-2004 6. Names, Scopes, and Bindings Overview Names Binding time Object lifetime Object storage management Static allocation Stack
More informationCS113: Lecture 4. Topics: Functions. Function Activation Records
CS113: Lecture 4 Topics: Functions Function Activation Records 1 Why functions? Functions add no expressive power to the C language in a formal sense. Why have them? Breaking tasks into smaller ones make
More informationNOTE: Answer ANY FOUR of the following 6 sections:
A-PDF MERGER DEMO Philadelphia University Lecturer: Dr. Nadia Y. Yousif Coordinator: Dr. Nadia Y. Yousif Internal Examiner: Dr. Raad Fadhel Examination Paper... Programming Languages Paradigms (750321)
More informationModule 27 Switch-case statements and Run-time storage management
Module 27 Switch-case statements and Run-time storage management In this module we will discuss the pending constructs in generating three-address code namely switch-case statements. We will also discuss
More informationProgramming Languages Third Edition. Chapter 10 Control II Procedures and Environments
Programming Languages Third Edition Chapter 10 Control II Procedures and Environments Objectives Understand the nature of procedure definition and activation Understand procedure semantics Learn parameter-passing
More informationCPSC 3740 Programming Languages University of Lethbridge. Data Types
Data Types A data type defines a collection of data values and a set of predefined operations on those values Some languages allow user to define additional types Useful for error detection through type
More informationImplementing Subprograms
1 Implementing Subprograms CS 315 Programming Languages Pinar Duygulu Bilkent University CS315 Programming Languages Pinar Duygulu The General Semantics of Calls and Returns 2 The subprogram call and return
More informationExample. program sort; var a : array[0..10] of integer; procedure readarray; : function partition (y, z :integer) :integer; var i, j,x, v :integer; :
Runtime Environment Relationship between names and data objects (of target machine) Allocation & de-allocation is managed by run time support package Each execution of a procedure is an activation of the
More informationPrinciples of Programming Languages
Principles of Programming Languages h"p://www.di.unipi.it/~andrea/dida2ca/plp- 14/ Prof. Andrea Corradini Department of Computer Science, Pisa Lesson 18! Bootstrapping Names in programming languages Binding
More informationCOP4020 Programming Languages. Names, Scopes, and Bindings Prof. Robert van Engelen
COP4020 Programming Languages Names, Scopes, and Bindings Prof. Robert van Engelen Overview Abstractions and names Binding time Object lifetime Object storage management Static allocation Stack allocation
More informationSubroutines. Subroutine. Subroutine design. Control abstraction. If a subroutine does not fit on the screen, it is too long
Subroutines Subroutine = procedure (statement) - no return value - side effects function (expression) - return value - (no side effects in some languages) Subroutine Control abstraction Subroutine design
More informationCSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools. Hal Perkins Spring 2010
CSE 374 Programming Concepts & Tools Hal Perkins Spring 2010 Lecture 19 Introduction ti to C++ C++ C++ is an enormous language: g All of C Classes and objects (kind of like Java, some crucial differences)
More informationChapter 5 Names, Bindings, Type Checking, and Scopes
Chapter 5 Names, Bindings, Type Checking, and Scopes Names Variables The Concept of Binding Scope and Lifetime Type Checking Referencing Environments Named Constants Names Used for variables, subprograms
More informationCS 415 Midterm Exam Spring 2002
CS 415 Midterm Exam Spring 2002 Name KEY Email Address Student ID # Pledge: This exam is closed note, closed book. Good Luck! Score Fortran Algol 60 Compilation Names, Bindings, Scope Functional Programming
More informationSE352b: Roadmap. SE352b Software Engineering Design Tools. W3: Programming Paradigms
SE352b Software Engineering Design Tools W3: Programming Paradigms Feb. 3, 2005 SE352b, ECE,UWO, Hamada Ghenniwa SE352b: Roadmap CASE Tools: Introduction System Programming Tools Programming Paradigms
More informationChapter 5 Names, Binding, Type Checking and Scopes
Chapter 5 Names, Binding, Type Checking and Scopes Names - We discuss all user-defined names here - Design issues for names: -Maximum length? - Are connector characters allowed? - Are names case sensitive?
More informationclass objects instances Fields Constructors Methods static
Class Structure Classes A class describes a set of objects The objects are called instances of the class A class describes: Fields (instance variables)that hold the data for each object Constructors that
More informationCOMP 524 Spring 2018 Midterm Thursday, March 1
Name PID COMP 524 Spring 2018 Midterm Thursday, March 1 This exam is open note, open book and open computer. It is not open people. You are to submit this exam through gradescope. Resubmissions have been
More informationCSCI Compiler Design
CSCI 565 - Compiler Design Spring 2010 Final Exam - Solution May 07, 2010 at 1.30 PM in Room RTH 115 Duration: 2h 30 min. Please label all pages you turn in with your name and student number. Name: Number:
More informationChapter 10 :: Data Abstraction and Object Orientation
Chapter 10 :: Data Abstraction and Object Orientation Programming Language Pragmatics, Fourth Edition Michael L. Scott Copyright 2016 Elsevier Chapter10_Data_Abstraction_and_Object_Orientation_4e 1 Object-Oriented
More informationRun-time Environments - 2
Run-time Environments - 2 Y.N. Srikant Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 NPTEL Course on Principles of Compiler Design Outline of the Lecture n What is run-time
More informationProgramming Languages
Programming Languages Tevfik Koşar Lecture - XX April 4 th, 2006 1 Roadmap Subroutines Allocation Strategies Calling Sequences Parameter Passing Generic Subroutines Exception Handling Co-routines 2 1 Review
More informationNames and Abstractions: What s in a Name?
Copyright R.A. van Engelen, FSU Department of Computer Science, 2000 Names, Scopes, and Bindings Binding time Object lifetime Object storage management Static allocation Stack allocation Heap allocation
More informationInformatica 3 Syntax and Semantics
Informatica 3 Syntax and Semantics Marcello Restelli 9/15/07 Laurea in Ingegneria Informatica Politecnico di Milano Introduction Introduction to the concepts of syntax and semantics Binding Variables Routines
More informationProgramming Languages & Paradigms PROP HT Course Council. Subprograms. Meeting on friday! Subprograms, abstractions, encapsulation, ADT
Programming Languages & Paradigms PROP HT 2011 Lecture 4 Subprograms, abstractions, encapsulation, ADT Beatrice Åkerblom beatrice@dsv.su.se Course Council Meeting on friday! Talk to them and tell them
More informationScope, Functions, and Storage Management
Scope, Functions, and Storage Management Implementing Functions and Blocks cs3723 1 Simplified Machine Model (Compare To List Abstract Machine) Registers Code Data Program Counter (current instruction)
More informationLecture 3: C Programm
0 3 E CS 1 Lecture 3: C Programm ing Reading Quiz Note the intimidating red border! 2 A variable is: A. an area in memory that is reserved at run time to hold a value of particular type B. an area in memory
More informationRun-time Environments -Part 1
Run-time Environments -Part 1 Y.N. Srikant Computer Science and Automation Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 560 012 NPTEL Course on Compiler Design Outline of the Lecture Part 1 What is run-time support?
More informationQuestions? Static Semantics. Static Semantics. Static Semantics. Next week on Wednesday (5 th of October) no
Questions? First exercise is online: http://www.win.tue.nl/~mvdbrand/courses/glt/1112/ Deadline 17 th of October Next week on Wednesday (5 th of October) no lectures!!! Primitive types Primitive value
More informationQuiz Start Time: 09:34 PM Time Left 82 sec(s)
Quiz Start Time: 09:34 PM Time Left 82 sec(s) Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 09:34:54 PM ) Total Marks: 1 While developing a program; should we think about the user interface? //handouts main reusability
More information! Those values must be stored somewhere! Therefore, variables must somehow be bound. ! How?
A Binding Question! Variables are bound (dynamically) to values Subprogram Activation! Those values must be stored somewhere! Therefore, variables must somehow be bound to memory locations! How? Function
More informationSemantic Analysis and Type Checking
Semantic Analysis and Type Checking The compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser Semantic routines: interpret meaning of the program based on
More informationChapter 8. Fundamental Characteristics of Subprograms. 1. A subprogram has a single entry point
Fundamental Characteristics of Subprograms 1. A subprogram has a single entry point 2. The caller is suspended during execution of the called subprogram 3. Control always returns to the caller when the
More informationCS201 Latest Solved MCQs
Quiz Start Time: 09:34 PM Time Left 82 sec(s) Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 09:34:54 PM ) Total Marks: 1 While developing a program; should we think about the user interface? //handouts main reusability
More information9. Subprograms. 9.2 Fundamentals of Subprograms
9. Subprograms 9.2 Fundamentals of Subprograms General characteristics of subprograms A subprogram has a single entry point The caller is suspended during execution of the called subprogram Control always
More informationThe compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser
Semantic Analysis The compilation process is driven by the syntactic structure of the program as discovered by the parser Semantic routines: interpret meaning of the program based on its syntactic structure
More informationRun Time Environments
Run Time Environments ALSU Textbook Chapter 7.1 7.3 Tsan-sheng Hsu tshsu@iis.sinica.edu.tw http://www.iis.sinica.edu.tw/~tshsu 1 Preliminaries During the execution of a program, the same name in the source
More informationThe Procedure Abstraction
The Procedure Abstraction Procedure Abstraction Begins Chapter 6 in EAC The compiler must deal with interface between compile time and run time Most of the tricky issues arise in implementing procedures
More informationhttps://lambda.mines.edu A pointer is a value that indicates location in memory. When we change the location the pointer points to, we say we assign the pointer a value. When we look at the data the pointer
More informationCS 415 Midterm Exam Spring SOLUTION
CS 415 Midterm Exam Spring 2005 - SOLUTION Name Email Address Student ID # Pledge: This exam is closed note, closed book. Questions will be graded on quality of answer. Please supply the best answer you
More informationJava Internals. Frank Yellin Tim Lindholm JavaSoft
Java Internals Frank Yellin Tim Lindholm JavaSoft About This Talk The JavaSoft implementation of the Java Virtual Machine (JDK 1.0.2) Some companies have tweaked our implementation Alternative implementations
More informationChapter 9 Subprograms
Chapter 9 Subprograms We now explore the design of subprograms, including parameter-passing methods, local referencing environment, overloaded subprograms, generic subprograms, and the aliasing and problematic
More informationRuntime Environments I. Basilio B. Fraguela
Runtime Environments I Basilio B. Fraguela Runtime System Responsibilities Allocation of storage for program data Sometimes also deallocation Garbage collection Management of data structures the compiled
More informationJAVA An overview for C++ programmers
JAVA An overview for C++ programmers Wagner Truppel wagner@cs.ucr.edu edu March 1st, 2004 The early history James Gosling, Sun Microsystems Not the usual start for a prog.. language Consumer electronics,
More informationCSE 504: Compiler Design. Runtime Environments
Runtime Environments Pradipta De pradipta.de@sunykorea.ac.kr Current Topic Procedure Abstractions Mechanisms to manage procedures and procedure calls from compiler s perspective Runtime Environment Choices
More informationMemory Allocation. Static Allocation. Dynamic Allocation. Dynamic Storage Allocation. CS 414: Operating Systems Spring 2008
Dynamic Storage Allocation CS 44: Operating Systems Spring 2 Memory Allocation Static Allocation (fixed in size) Sometimes we create data structures that are fixed and don t need to grow or shrink. Dynamic
More informationComputer Architecture COMP360
Computer Architecture COMP360 It s hardware that makes a machine fast. It's software that makes a fast machine slow. Craig Bruce Basic Computer Components CPU I/O Device Cache I/O Controller Bus Memory
More informationProgramming Languages Third Edition. Chapter 7 Basic Semantics
Programming Languages Third Edition Chapter 7 Basic Semantics Objectives Understand attributes, binding, and semantic functions Understand declarations, blocks, and scope Learn how to construct a symbol
More informationLexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2010 Handout Decaf Language Tuesday, Feb 2 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationAttributes of Variable. Lecture 13: Run-Time Storage Management. Lifetime. Value & Location
Attributes of Variable Lecture 13 Run-Time Storage Management CSC 131 Kim Bruce Scope Lifetime Location Value Done! Lifetime Value & Location FORTRAN - all allocated statically - Stack-based (C/C++/Java/Pascal/...)
More informationCSE 230 Intermediate Programming in C and C++ Functions
CSE 230 Intermediate Programming in C and C++ Functions Fall 2017 Stony Brook University Instructor: Shebuti Rayana shebuti.rayana@stonybrook.edu http://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~cse230/ Concept of Functions
More information// the current object. functioninvocation expression. identifier (expressionlist ) // call of an inner function
SFU CMPT 379 Compilers Spring 2015 Assignment 4 Assignment due Thursday, April 9, by 11:59pm. For this assignment, you are to expand your Bunting-3 compiler from assignment 3 to handle Bunting-4. Project
More informationQualifying Exam in Programming Languages and Compilers
Qualifying Exam in Programming Languages and Compilers University of Wisconsin Fall 1991 Instructions This exam contains nine questions, divided into two parts. All students taking the exam should answer
More informationProgramming Language Concepts Scoping. Janyl Jumadinova January 31, 2017
Programming Language Concepts Scoping Janyl Jumadinova January 31, 2017 Scope Rules A scope is a program section of maximal size in which no bindings change, or at least in which no re-declarations are
More information1. Describe History of C++? 2. What is Dev. C++? 3. Why Use Dev. C++ instead of C++ DOS IDE?
1. Describe History of C++? The C++ programming language has a history going back to 1979, when Bjarne Stroustrup was doing work for his Ph.D. thesis. One of the languages Stroustrup had the opportunity
More informationAdvances in Programming Languages: Regions
Advances in Programming Languages: Regions Allan Clark and Stephen Gilmore The University of Edinburgh February 22, 2007 Introduction The design decision that memory will be managed on a per-language basis
More informationBinding and Variables
Binding and Variables 1. DEFINITIONS... 2 2. VARIABLES... 3 3. TYPE... 4 4. SCOPE... 4 5. REFERENCES... 7 6. ROUTINES... 9 7. ALIASING AND OVERLOADING... 10 8. GENERICS AND TEMPLATES... 12 A. Bellaachia
More informationSubprograms. Bilkent University. CS315 Programming Languages Pinar Duygulu
1 Subprograms CS 315 Programming Languages Pinar Duygulu Bilkent University Introduction 2 Two fundamental abstraction facilities Process abstraction Emphasized from early days Data abstraction Emphasized
More informationField Analysis. Last time Exploit encapsulation to improve memory system performance
Field Analysis Last time Exploit encapsulation to improve memory system performance This time Exploit encapsulation to simplify analysis Two uses of field analysis Escape analysis Object inlining April
More information1 Lexical Considerations
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.035, Spring 2013 Handout Decaf Language Thursday, Feb 7 The project for the course is to write a compiler
More informationAdvanced Programming & C++ Language
Advanced Programming & C++ Language ~6~ Introduction to Memory Management Ariel University 2018 Dr. Miri (Kopel) Ben-Nissan Stack & Heap 2 The memory a program uses is typically divided into four different
More informationChapter 6 Introduction to Defining Classes
Introduction to Defining Classes Fundamentals of Java: AP Computer Science Essentials, 4th Edition 1 Objectives Design and implement a simple class from user requirements. Organize a program in terms of
More informationLecture 7: Binding Time and Storage
Lecture 7: Binding Time and Storage COMP 524 Programming Language Concepts Stephen Olivier February 5, 2009 Based on notes by A. Block, N. Fisher, F. Hernandez-Campos, and D. Stotts Goal of Lecture The
More information