Solved by: Syed Zain Ali Bukhari (BSCS)
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1 Solved by: Syed Zain Ali Bukhari (BSCS) 1. If there are N internal nodes in a binary tree then what will be the no. of external nodes in this binary tree? N -1 N N +1 (Page 303) N +2 2.If there are N elements in an array then the number of maximum steps needed to find an element using Binary Search is. N N2 Nlog2N log2n (page 440) 3.If the bottom level of a binary tree is NOT completely filled, depicts that the tree is NOT a Expression tree Threaded binary tree complete Binary tree (Page 323) Perfectly complete Binary tree 4.Suppose that a selection sort of 100 items has completed 42 iterations of the main loop. How many items are now guaranteed to be in their final spot (never to be moved again ) Click here for detail 43
2 5.If there are 56 internal nodes in a binary tree then how many external nodes this binary tree will have? (page 303) 6.If there are 23 external nodes in a binary tree then what will be the no. of internal nodes in this binary tree? (page 303) 7.Which one of the following is not an example of equivalence relation? Electrical connectivity Set of people <= relation (page 388) Set of pixels 8.A simple sorting algorithm like selection sort or bubble sort has a worst-case of O(1) time because all lists take the same amount of time to sort O(n) time because it has to perform n swaps to order the list. O(n2) time because sorting 1 element takes O(n) time - After 1 pass through the list,either of these algorithms can guarantee that 1 element is sorted. (page 487) O(n3) time, because the worst case has really random input which takes longer to sort. 9.Which of the following is a property of binary tree? A binary tree of N external nodes has N internal node. A binary tree of N internal nodes has N+ 1 external node. (page 303) A binary tree of N external nodes has N+ 1 internal node. A binary tree of N internal nodes has N- 1 external node. 10. By using we avoid the recursive method of traversing a Tree, which makes use of stacks and consumes a lot of memory and time. Binary tree only Threaded binary tree (page 306 ) Heap data structure Huffman encoding 11.Which of the following statement is true about dummy node of threaded binary tree? This dummy node never has a value. This dummy node has always some dummy value. This dummy node has either no value or some dummy value. (Page 321) This dummy node has always some integer value
3 12.A binary tree with 24 internal nodes has external nodes (page 303). 13.The definition of Transitivity property is For all element x member of S, x R x For all elements x and y, x R y if and only if y R x For all elements x, y and z, if x R y and y R z then x R z (page 385) 14.Which of the following statement is true about dummy node of threaded binary tree? The left pointer of dummy node points to the itself while the right pointer points to the root of tree. The left pointer of dummy node points to the root node of the tree while the right pointer points itself i.e. to dummy node (page 321) The left pointer of dummy node points to the root node of the tree while the right pointer is always NULL. The right pointer of dummy node points to the itself while the left pointer is always NULL. 15.A complete binary tree of height has nodes between 16 to (page 373) 5 16.Here is an array of ten integers: The array after the FIRST iteration of the large loop in a selection sort (sorting from smallest to largest) (Page 477) Consider te following array After the first pass of a particular algorithm, the array looks like Name the algorithm used Heap sort Selection sort Insertion sort Bubble sort (According to rule)
4 18.In a perfectly balanced tree the insertion of a node needs. One rotation (Page 225) Two rotations Rotations equal to number of levels No rotation at all 19.Which of the following is not true regarding the maze generation? Randomly remove walls until the entrance and exit cells are in the same set. Removing a wall is the same as doing a union operation. Remove a randomly chosen wall if the cells it separates are already in the same set. (Page 424) Do not remove a randomly chosen wall if the cells it separates are already in the same set. 20.Suppose currentnode refers to a node in a linked list (using the Node class with member variables called data and nextnode). What statement changes currentnode so that it refers to the next node? currentnode ++; currentnode = nextnode; currentnode += nextnode; currentnode = currentnode->nextnode; 21.We are given N items to build a heap, this can be done with successive inserts. N-1 N (Page 353) N+1 N^2 22.Which of the following statement is true about dummy node of threaded binary tree? This dummy node never has a value. This dummy node has always some dummy value. This dummy node has either no value or some dummy value..(page 321) This dummy node has always some integer value. 23. A complete binary tree is a tree that is filled, with the possible exception of the bottom level. partially completely (page 323) incompletely partly
5 41. Here is an array with exactly 15 elements: Suppose that we are doing a binary search for an element. Indicate any elements that will be found by examining two or fewer numbers from the array. (Marks: 5) Answer: If there is an array of 15 elements, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15} it wants to know which elements can be discovered by examining two or fewer elements. I want assume the divide and conquer aspect of a binary search, so that leads me to think these elements will be found 1, 2, 14, 15, 7, 3 rather; 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 14, 15 1 and 15 for heads and tails 2, and 14 for next elements (following or preceding) 1/2 of 15 is either 6, or 8, from 7.5 and 1/2 of 6 = 3 1/2 8 = Write one example of hashing? Answer: (page 459) Hashing can be used to store the data. Suppose we have a list of fruits. The names of Fruits are in string. The key is the name of the fruit. We will pass it to the hash Function to get the hash key. HashCode ("apple") = 5 We pass it to the string apple. Resultantly, it returns a number Explain the process of Deletion in a Min-Heap Answer:- (Page 350) We have to write a function deletemin(), which will find and delete the minimum number from the tree.
6 Finding the minimum is easy; it is at the top of the heap. 44.Convert this tree representation of a heap into the corresponding array representation 45. When Hashing is NOT suitable? Answer: - (Page 475) Hash tables are not so good if there are many insertions and deletions, or if table traversals are needed in this case, AVL trees are better.
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