SCM " #$ % "& Slide No. / 124

Transcription

1 SCM " #$ % "& Slide No. / 124 # 1

2 SCM IT "#$ &, -. AP.( / % & '( &) * & +%# * (67 # 8(9:4 5;(<=> :... %?7 5 5& +0(0.

3 ( ) : '(4 "(= # #0*A / )# A. "# $%& '( ) *+,*.-" &47BC % &> 5#0 AD # A.

4 / 0* G F ( '(4 "(= ; E(4.## +( '(4 "(= ; #0D0 FI7 50: +04 D04 A(>H... 0 "## J(K 4 # N(% 0C # % M0K: L0 A(>H.. P 5 "09> /4 D% &A O # % #0D0.0 & "(= "(= '0( & Q*# 5"( A(>H..., '(4

5 $ & %& : A- '( AH4 5& '( 89:4 R04 "#$ #0 S0>04 QK4 &S0>04 AH4 A & T<( % % T(O4 EUV & AH4 A '( ## E &0 AH4

6 & * + ; & 024 # '(4 "(= Buyer First Tier Supplier Supplier Second Tier Supplier Supplier Supplier Third Tier Supplier Supplier Supplier Supplier Supplier

7 1& : W4 + T 0O * D T($ W4 T(O4 : '(4 "(= # * X0 + 7% 82" 1& 1&* % 9$

8 1& ; # "(= '(4 YB4 4 E # % 0K QH. "(= G6Z & +04 # # "(= 5## E*4 * "(= &.#0 ' S.C.M [4 N. E(4 "(= #0 % I7 YB4 4 A(>H. I7 "(= E 0 % Y E(4. * "(= ")D EUV E(4 "(= '(4 I7 +C % N. EUV 0I7 [4 "# % &/( T(A<4 #0 M#7 "(= #A(.

9 # 1* 4 (:#* ;"<"6$ = "(= ; Q0C # IT "#$ #0 % &> 57BC AD.#, & E(A<4 \0 0: '(4 "## * "#$ E(>#.( / # E(A<4 : '(4 "(= ; +%# 5 EDI 8C L*4 #= B2C B2B B2E G2C

10 A (:#* ;"<"6$ 61 '(4 +, " N04 +, "7 +,%. + +, = (+VC) +, ^ a Y%. M0K: &, "#%/. &> 7BC Q9 % E9 % A# +- = % " b V &6 &> +D 5'(4 "(= D # &3 c3= "3 R304 3, # Q0K: &VC (67 '(d #(, & 0U A 8C " 3A%, 3 /3( %) 3I7 (6 % c4 R04 " (A4 0 e +0 T 5., 5&*(3 3 L03 B3H L03 BH4) BH4 (6 #(, & 0U ("(= +%# # fc. + Web :$U 8C /( (+, '(4 L0 BH4 % Y%. (67

11 2 - (:#* ;"<"6$ >? # g# 1970 ( (< A "#$ S0>04 7BC Z- 5# "/( +# A(>H. ',/ 0 A- #0 '(>% # IT # ( #0*A A4(67 5Y$ #0D0 % A<( (A4 <:40U.., b l / Y# "## # A(>H. #$ D % T #0 7 c06h #0*A TA # & 8C &(# A<( &4(67 R*4 EUV T.#0 & :Qm A & 04 EK +# T<( Y$ T<( #0D0 Y#, #0 % (6 +(C 4M #.( A<( 5&47BC MRPA<( #0D0-4 B A # / (>04 % #0 l # gh04 ' 5A<( A<( MRPII % ERP E., % (, 5* A<( IOS E.., "% =4 &(%> EC) (e-commerce l9 (6 # 7BC +07 & "(= '(4 "A7.,.

12 SCM 4 (:#* ;"<"6$ 3 g3 '(3 E3 L3*4 3( 3> ## #% '(4 "(= E(A<4 & ( ' '(4 +/( '(d % ( XBC AD 5"(=.#0., 5/. c &0,0, X0 5"(= # 7BC "#%-3 3AD "3(= E3 /34 % &)3 <4*7 SCM W4 &(# / '34% 3 % '6 ' T. 04 & 7BC S0>04.+ ( '. # +0 A c= # &D + 57BC :0 & T(<94 "%, & #= &n% X0 e /. c ' X0 & #= + E# R% &/. c & EK + + &/. c & EK +, '(4 + &/. c

13 & A*- (:#* 2 B 7$ 5'(34 "3(= R(: # % A- &6# C*4 AD A "#$ #0 /. c '4 Q0H +%# &47BC -. c4 ERP T<( ; & ERP + N / A<( 30D &3 # R*43 #367 #0*A AD &) ' % & +.# & T. "#%: # & N c4 ERP T<( "3 E3UV 5##3 & + (>04 N / MRP A<( H04 T<( ' %3* # #0 & + 5(>04 * 5#0D0 Q E^< EV MRP A<( # 3 &3/. c3 (>04 a.. H04 5"(d( &n # (>04 % R*4 E^< c ) T3<( '3 H04. A 5# /(- (9.0 #67 5( ' 3 A3<( G3(44 '3.3#. 5 &*( (>04 % # E(# TA N %..- #0D0 MRPII (>04 /

14 & A*- (:#* 2 B 7$ 3-. % 3(> (6 MRPII A3<( #= % &3< N3 5&>3 N3 '(34 +03d) 3(>04 &*( &6U ERP A3<( a3. EK ) A # ( /(A=4 5q0. g g70= # (>04 &*( A4(67 (6 +#%/. AD. #= 3 3( % "#03 / (< ERP A<( "#( 3 ERP 3 "#( A > & &AD04 E,.# &A(D04 fc (A4 % &= +

15 (*-*) & A*- (:#* 2 B 7$ : #(, D04 #0 TA >09 &= + AD 3 "#3( E3UV &> 07 % / & E 5#K &= +. & ERP ## & /. % &S0>04 0 A( & 5&(4 &= + "3 % #3 3A- GH #H4, s0k ) r/ A # D04 %3. 3( # &S03>04 3. '- ERP "#( AD (.#( 7BC &)3 AD + &< N A04 & 5&4(67 &= +.## & % G< Y% # %? ((t

16 : ( #0 &6U c 5"(= # #67 [n '( &(# AD."(= Q0C # #0 % M E*4 % Y* 5+D L0 (K4 # &). E3 # &47BC S0>04 % &47BC A<( 5&47BC AD 57BC # &).."(= ("(= # V cu04 #U % T=< R%) "(= E# I7 R% # &). : ( #0 "(= [n # X0 5 c ' &(# (;(<=> ) "(= E # #0D0 Y* % E*4 5+D 57BC.R%.3 "3 "#%/3. ' /( ;W4 5?7 "(= 4D A> # 3 &304 e3 3 # 0IV AD V% W4 FI7 (6 G(44 ' (t 04 & "(= &n(: R =- "%BH.# 0 v 4 "(= '(3(H4 /3( % G3 3A6V " 3^ % )3 c%/3> 3 3((t4 '( %. & ( "(= ;W4 5 & = "- W4...

17 - 4$<* ;"<"6$ = $ % Y%. 5 (67 w(u04 AD (EC e- Commerce) ;(%> =4 *7 & s0k % * 8C 7BC % 5M0K: >#*.#% ^ 6 5#0 & Y%. % E A4 #0 4 "#<, c0a$ # EC 8C #. BH4 EC % A '( &7< ;4 % 5+ "#<, c0a$ '( ( x,. #(, & # /( &(%> * E7 $,.#0 & "#$ /( e- Business fbnu & O#0EC 5+ &AD 5 7 5E( + #0# /( e-business *7 IBM AD... % <0 '( l# T(A<4 5D + &# 5% "A l/. < #(, & # * (, 8C & ( +#%-. & &< EC S0>04 " " #$ '(.C

18 3 *3 83C s03k 3( ;3 # 3 A3 EC X0 ' # :e-commerce ;3 # 3?V A3 '( G6Z '( # & &7< ;4 % &(%>.. & q$4 '(4 "(= & #= L*4 &A + " A >V ' # : B2C & #* ) L*4 % 6H %# >V ' #: B2B #03 &3(%> 3 * l % L*4 #= + >V ' # : B2E.# & 3 &3 3^ 3 +%A3 3 &3(%> 3 *3 8C >%# >V ' # :G2C "3A &34/(A=4 % 3 3 &\ ")D L*4 bc %# & ( :m- Commerce 36D. T(3< 3D0 EC X03 '3 3 3# % G< V '(V # 0 () c3= 5(E3(*04 H3U # 3U0K) Y%3. a3 3 3^ # =4 ' # 'A. &... % )* A(>H. 5( BH

19 #%3: ' #. Z- "0D% &(%> Q9 EC # 33 "## &33(%> 33>#* "#$33 33 a33 #033 r/33 A =4 EC /( >#* X0 %. l/. +- # EDI.# ( Y<, 1990 # 5% :$U #%% % r/3 "%3, A EC. H% % l/. # # '(4 "(= /( % 5t(6*4 % & 5&>%# % &07 E^< 5#. ( #.#0 & T(<94 "3 "## +3 E3 # & A < ( ' (,3 N % 5# &) & # EC.## &

20 9 - (:#* 3- B 7$, * * & $1 = $ E3K ) C +3 (Intranet) &6# * ", &3# )3 37BC = ' E# # + 0) 5T ' &6# &47BC A #% +0 70= ' P QV '(7 # % #.T Extranet g* ; 5 A, y * 8C &47BC A Extranet *# 3# 04 & &47BC # +- A4 &D + 5# &# 5 ".#0 & "## A- ( # Extranet 8C &3 3(A4 &3 Interface 5ERP /. c " (A4 A )# bc #3 3 EH4 Extranet * ; # 0I7 A ERP '( +0 '(34 "(= ; #?V A &6# * '( L*4 G(44 '. 3 &437BC A3<(. "(= E # ( #0 7BC +04 & A3<( +03H - & #0D0 &47BC A<( +# 8C.0 & (IOS &.) & &47BC

21 & (A4 & Interface 5ERP /. c " (A4 A )# bc '. # EH4 Extranet * ; # 0I7 A ERP '( & '(4 "(= ; #?V A &6# * '( L*4 G(44 8C &47BC A<(. "(= E # ( #0 7BC &47BC A<( +0H - & #0D0 &47BC A<( +#. 0 & IOS ( &. ) &

22 *= 6DE b -. :&, +# A(>H. (,# # E(4 Y$ '4 0:.' &VC #= :-. 0O b V (67 4 % M +# # A(>H. = -. &, % # -. D &.#0 (H " :(, AK (6 5#67 A$H? ",06, % bb4 +%# ; "(= '(4 s0k # R% '( I &.

23 E + 5#0 5M- '( / (AP).( / /= x0 + % E:... % +.#0 & "#$

24 APS (.( / A<( (,) '(34 "(= % L0 7BC ND 0n IOS % ERP A<( ;(3<=> 3 3 3( #03 A3# 04 & 5 & %-#,. # c= &A 7BC ' % "(= #03 3( #03 37BC 3# 3 3 "3 3(A4 &3/. c?v QV # c3= 3 7BC ' * % "# (A4 (IOS( % ERP ) /. c #03D0 Q3 % (>04 * % / +0d 5 ( #0 / # c APS +04 & A<( ' 6D # A3 3 3)# A<( "## < /. c APS YB4 % & "#$ 5 & #0 #0D0 % (>04 (H?% +## + AD. ^ % & 5 + c 70= 'A 4 &

25 APS (.( / A<( (,) >3< '3 '.3 +3(C APS ;3 "#( # E 'A 3 (IOS+03d) 3(>% 37BC "3(>04 3/. c3 3 T3. # 0 ( #0 7BC 04 & APS APS /3. c3 & '(I4 Q0 ' z & ( # ND % / +04 & '(4 "(= # APS (, 3(6 #03D0 % (>04 (H?% L0 7BC 0) # #0D0 % (>04 '.3, O# % " "0 APS l3 % Y$ O + l 3 APS R04 a #0 & (A4 APS IOS T<( R04 b #0 & (A4 'A 5E^< (6 T<( > & &) % ($ (.{ l/. " 5#0D0 [n.#0 '( c= # 4 # N &# #0 7BC c4

26 APS (.( / A<( (,) &3 % E(A<4 '(4 "(= &) % &) 04 & APS ; A#%3: 3 /3( % +,3 '(34 3(.{ L0 7BC 04.# ># T(K4 # %., 30 3 "3(= # E39 % E3V T3<( L0 7BC '(d 3)#...#03 &3 T3 3 E0:4 % N04 '(I4 4 5< 5#3 3 3) &C M0 &0) APS /. c &04. & (z..., /3. c3 5## c3= 3 (* T<( ; (, +04 & / # &> b % (.{ A#%: '(daps.# & >#

27 APS (.( / A<( (,) '(34 "(= % L0 7BC ND 0n IOS % ERP A<( ;(3<=> 3 3 3( #03 A3# 04 & 5 & %-#,. # c= &A 7BC ' % "(= #03 3( #03 37BC 3# 3 3 "3 3(A4 &3/. c?v QV # c3= 3 7BC ' * % "# (A4 (IOS( % ERP ) /. c #03D0 Q3 % (>04 * % / +0d 5 ( #0 / # c APS +04 & A<( ' 6D # A3 3 3)# A<( "## < /. c APS YB4 % & "#$ 5 & #0 #0D0 % (>04 (H?% +## + AD. ^ % & 5 + c 70= 'A 4 &

28 APS (.( / A<( (,) >3< '3 '.3 +3(C APS ;3 "#( # E 'A 3 (IOS+03d) 3(>% 37BC "3(>04 3/. c3 3 T3. # 0 ( #0 7BC 04 & APS APS /3. c3 & '(I4 Q0 ' z & ( # ND % / +04 & '(4 "(= # APS (, 3(6 #03D0 % 3(>04 (H3?% L0 7BC 0) # #0D0 % (>04 '.3, O# % " "0 APS l3 % Y$ O + l 3 APS R04 a #0 & (A4 APS IOS T<( R04 b #0 & (A4 'A 5E^< (6 T<( > & &) % ($ (.{ l/. " 5#0D0 [n.#0 '( c= # 4 # N &# #0 7BC c4

29 APS (.( / A<( (,) 304 &3 % 3 E(A3<4 '(34 "3(= &) % &) 04 & APS # % 3., A#%3: 3 /3( % +,3 '(34 3(.{ L0 7BC.# ># T(K < 30 3 "3(= # E39 % E3V T<( L0 7BC '(d c3 3 &304 3)#...#03 &3 T3 E0:4 % N04 '(I4. & (z..., 5# ) &C M0 &0) APS ; /. '(d APS /. c 5## c= (* T<( ; (, +04 &.# & ># /. # &> b % (.{ A#%: E3 [n3 4 ", w [n 5(>04 / /. c H04 % #0.# & + 17?94 "(= % '(4 "(=

30 1960 #0D0 + (>04 * MRP (> MRP + &< %( % &> E^< MRPII (>04 % &6U N 1980 MRPII + &6# N (6 ERP &*( % (>04 E# # (> ERP + + % +, '(4 "(= IOS "(= &47BC '( IOS + '(4 X0 N(% L*4 % + % +, y / IOS/ APS/ CRM "(= / R% /4 % '(4 + ) #0D0 % (>04 / /4 # & + #0 ' D b 5 CRM A<( 8C + L*4 l/. /( % (;(<=>. & "(= ( # 7BC S0>04

31 &- 6 E9 % EV % ;(<=> & (67 # 8(9:4 E9 % EV / #K % &HU + 5&. '(4 %

32 3PL " #$ %$ &'( )' *'+, -)' ' &./, '+ '+ &'/3 3, 45 ' : ;< 90*./,. ;=: &9)"<7 >+ -?@ *A@ : #$% ( ) ) +$. /0. /12 # # 9. :(LPS) ##) *+, (' A BC. >D AE FG A H) : (3PL/TPL) ; <= > (: I,#. + >. %3= 6M# 6+ N. OCP 5 ; <= > :(4PL) ;4K <= > (J ). F ) 6+#,. ). F ) 6S, A TS% H) U, :(5PL) *#P <= > (Q

33 "# " %& :# ' ( ) * +,-. /+& /)*# /"

34 VA " #$% - & - 6W VA #,- ' 10 ' 2 ' %;?> ' HA 6+#, VA ( ) ' ' * +,- './0 +,- ' 3" 456% +,- ' - 7(/ #8-9 ' 6VA. 6.X VA :- ;%.<= < ' 1> ) ' :%> " %60 ' %?@ ) '

35 Supply Chain Management Tasks Knowledge Management People Management Performance Management Relationship Management Technology Management Threat Management 35

36 F"# - #" &6DE 4 G 5B 7$ 9$

37 E-supply chain management (e-scm): The collaborative use of technology to improve the operations of supply chain activities i i as well as the management of supply chains 37

38 :' E-SCM SCM E-Business :SCM " # $% $ &'(' # :E-Business )" *(+ :E-Supply Chain Management $." /0 12 ( 34 / 56 IT,(-" 57 %894 :" ;< $=

39 E-Business&" > + >5 6)C YYY 8 81P E-Business 81P 5 E-Business 8W 5 8W. A 1 6\) 6 6\) YYYYY E-Business 8.A ) /1 ) 8V. 6 8V##) <Z Z[C 8W YYYYYYY

40 E-Supply Chains (cont.) The success of an e- supply chain depends on: The ability of all supply chain partners to view partner collaboration as a strategic asset Information visibility along the entire supply chain Speed, cost, quality, and customer service Integrating the supply chain segments more tightly 40

41 E-Supply Chains (cont.) E -supply chain consists of six processes: ). Supply chain replenishment *. E-procurement +. Collaborative planning,. Collaborative design and product development -. E-logistics.. Use of B*B exchanges and supply webs 41

42 E-Supply Chains (cont.) Major infrastructure elements and tools of e- supply chains are: Extranets Intranets Corporate portals Workflow systems and tools Groupware and other collaborative tools EDI and EDI/Internet 42

43 G HA0 & "I - $4$<* * - J2*

44 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online The Problem Information regarding a new car design has to be shared among a pool of approximately *7, designers and engineers in hundreds of divisions and departments at ), GM design labs, some of which are located in different countries 44

45 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online (cont.) Communication and collaboration with the design engineers of the more than ),777 key suppliers could mean, years to completion of a model 45

46 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online (cont.) The Solution GM began by examining over 8,777 existing legacy IT systems, reducing that number to about +,777 and making them Web enabled A computer-aided design (CAD) program that allows +D design documents to be shared online by both the designers (internal and external) and engineers 46

47 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online (cont.) Collaborative and Web conferencing software tools have radically changed the vehicle review process GM electronically sends its specifications for the seat to the vendor s product data system allowing: Searching Designing Tooling Testing in real time This expedites the process and cuts costs by more than )7% 47

48 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online (cont.) The Results It now takes less than )< months to bring a new car to market The change has produced enormous savings Shorter cycle time enables GM to bring out more new car models more quickly, providing the company with a competitive edge 48

49 How General Motors Is Collaborating Online (cont.) What we can learn Applications of EC that help reduce costs and increase profits collaborative commerce improvements along the supply chain B E 49