ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB. Lab 12: Fiber optics
|
|
- Derek Black
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB Lab 12: Fiber optics SUMMARY: In this lab you will become familiar with procedures for working with fiber optics including cleaving, splicing and coupling. PRELAB: HOMEWORK PROBLEM 1: Pedrotti Derive the equations for parts a and b starting with the diagram below. The critical angle at the core/cladding boundary occurs when the ray direction in the cladding is parallel to the boundary. An equivalent way to think about this is that the spatial period in the cladding is the smallest it can possibly be (the vacuum wavelength over the cladding index). n=1 NA = sinθ x a z n cl n co n cl HOMEWORK PROBLEM 2: Pedrotti Basic loss calculations. HOMEWORK PROBLEM 3: Pedrotti There are multiple sources of dispersion (pulse spreading) the modal dispersion in this example is one of the easiest to understand. Express the results of part b in units of ps (of differential delay) / km (of fiber length). Assuming that the modal dispersion should broaden pulses by at most by 1/10 the pulse width, derive a limit on available information bandwidth (Hz) as a function of fiber length (km). TECHNICAL RESOURCES: TEXTBOOK: Pedrotti 3 chapter 10 LECTURE NOTES: Lecture 13, Fiber optics. EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE: 125 micron cladding diameter, 62.5 micron core diameter multi-mode fiber. 125 micron cladding diameter, 8.2 micron core diameter SMF-28 fiber. This is single mode at 1550 nm and thus will carry a small number of modes at 632 nm. Coating stripper tools of several varieties. Version 1.0, 12/03/09 Robert McLeod 1
2 A Fujikura high precision fiber cleaver and a Furukawa fiber cutter. A fiber microscope for inspecting cleaves. Fitel S182K fusion splicer. A spatially-filtered, JDS Uniphase 1103P-3020 Helium Neon laser. The laser wavelength is 633 nm. Collimation and focusing lenses. A sheet polarizer. A Newport fiber coupling mount and bare-fiber adaptor. An optical power meter. LAB PROCEDURE: Note: We do not have multiple splicers or fiber microscopes, so you will have to use this equipment in series. However, the steps below do not have to be performed in order, so you can start on later steps while waiting for access to the cleaver. Single-mode coupling is difficult, so you should probably leave that step for last. STEP 1: FIBER STRIPPING AND CLEAVING Optical fiber consists of a high index glass core where the light is guided, surrounded by a lower-index glass cladding. The typical outer diameter for that cladding is 125 microns. To protect the delicate glass, this cladding is typically surrounded by a 245 micron diameter polymer coating. Often, further protection is provided by an additional tight buffer of 900 micron diameter. Fiber optic cables and jumpers build out from this structure. Figure 1. Fiber optic cable structure and terminology. Version 1.0, 12/03/09 Robert McLeod 2
3 Prepare your work-space. You will be accidentally creating a number of ~1 long, 125 micron diameter slivers of glass. Another name for these is the world s most painful splinter. They particularly like to spring away from your tool and land, point up, in the seats of cloth chairs. This adds the adjective embarrassing to the description. So, work on a well-lit work-bench with no clutter (backpacks, coats, general junk) this will give you the best chance of finding errant shards. Clear all fabric chairs from the area. Before working, obtain several lengths of cellophane tape. The moment you create a fiber fragment, capture it on the sticky side of the tape. That means right on the tool if it is still laying there or on the bench or floor if it gets away. This is a real safety issue find and capture them all. Replace the tape as needed. Dispose of the full tape in the garbage. Step one in this process is to get access to the glass by removing the coating from a section of SMF-28 fiber. The tool for this looks and works much like a wire stripper used to remove the insulator from wire, however it must be much more precise since the coating is quite thin and the glass is quite brittle. Even the smallest scratch of the glass cladding will cause the fiber to break you will do this multiple times before you get the hang of it. Try both kinds of strippers including the no-nick and the metal set that look just like wire strippers. Even though they look similar, don t ever use fiber strippers as wire strippers this immediately destroys the knives. Strip back about an inch if coating you may find that several small sections are easier to remove than one large one. Important: Use lens tissue and methanol to clean all residue of the coating from the exposed glass any remaining coating will be vaporized in the fusion splicer and ruin the electrodes. Unlike copper wire, the glass that makes up the functional portion of the fiber cannot be just cut with a sharp tool it will shatter. Instead, the glass is forced cleave in a flat plane perpendicular to the fiber axis. This process starts with a microscopic fracture or scratch, much that used to cut plate glass. The fiber is then bent, causing it to break. You want about 4 mm of exposed glass fiber beyond the end of the remaining coating. Remember to immediately capture the excess fragment on your tape. Inspect your cleave using the fiber microscope. You should see a perfectly flat cylinder of glass. If you observe scratches or the plane of the cleave is not flat, strip a new section of fiber and try again. Do this until you have two fiber ends that are both flat. Carefully place both fibers into the fusion splicer and lock them in position with the clamps, then start the machine. A video microscope in both the x and y planes will attempt to locate the fiber cores and automatically align them, then bring the two fibers together in z. Finally, an electrical arc is used to melt the glass, effectively making one fiber. The fuse region is extremely delicate and so is usually re-coated or protected in a special splint. The splicer will report its estimate of the coupling loss record this value. A good splice should have under 0.1 db loss. The loss relates to the xy offset by the formula 2 2 ( ) exp x x η x = 4.34 [ db] w0 w0 Version 1.0, 12/03/09 Robert McLeod 3
4 where w0 is the radius of the fiber mode, about 4 microns. Calculate % loss and the offset for your splice. STEP 2: COUPLING INTO MULTI-MODE FIBER Collimate and focus the HeNe laser at ~0.1 NA. Following the procedures above, obtain 1 to 2 meters of multi-mode fiber from one of the reels and put good cleaves on both ends. Mount the fiber in the chuck on the fiber coupler and place the chuck in the mount at the focus of the HeNe. Lay the fiber on the table making a large, smooth loop and gently tape it down in several locations to keep it motionless and also to help you avoid accidentally snagging it. Place several tape hold-downs near the fiber chuck to serve as strain-relief for later steps. Tape the other end of the fiber to a post top and point it at a white screen. Hint: Fold over the end of each piece of tape as a handle so you can just grab and peel. At the end of the lab, there should be zero tape left on the benches or tables. Couple the HeNe into the fiber by observing the output on the screen. This should not be too difficult due to the large core size. Measure your efficiency with the power meter. Observe the pattern on the screen does it appear to be single mode? Estimate the NA of the fiber. Carefully untape the fiber loop, leaving the tape near the fiber chuck to minimize any displacement of the fiber in the chuck. Form the fiber into a loop and gradually decrease the radius. Observe the pattern on the screen and (in the dark) the fiber in the loop. Explain what is going on. Comment on how your observations would impact a) the minimum size of fibercoupled optical systems and b) the use of different modes of the fiber as independent communication channels. STEP 3: COUPLING INTO SINGLE-MODE FIBER Repeat step 2 using the SMF-28. This fiber is single mode in the 1550 nm telecommunications band but will carry several modes in the red. The core size is 8.2 microns, almost a factor of ten smaller than the multi-mode fiber. This alignment will thus be much more challenging. Place an iris in the collimated beam and observe the reflection of the focus from the glass face of the fiber. If the focus is exactly on the glass and normal to it, the Fresnel reflection will retrace the beam path and return through the aperture. Use this to get three degrees of freedom (z, and the two angles) correct. Then scan in x,y until you detect a gleam from the far end of the fiber Then optimize the coupling, much as you did for lab 1. You may have to remove your fingers from the micrometer at each step to avoid perturbing the mount by a few microns. Once you have become sufficiently frustrated, repeat the steps above. Compare the bend radius and observed light leakage to the multi-mode fiber and comment on what this implies about this fiber relative to the multi-mode one. Does this agree with the NA estimates of the two fibers? Additionally, with the fiber in a minimally-stressed state, use a polarizer to examine the polarization of the output. Then pull the fiber into a small loop and Version 1.0, 12/03/09 Robert McLeod 4
5 repeat. The bend stretches and compresses the glass, causing a small degree of orientation of the molecules and thus making the glass birefringent. This retardance modifies the polarization. This is how you make wave-plates in fiber. Examine the paddle polarization controller to see how this is implemented. Version 1.0, 12/03/09 Robert McLeod 5
ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB
ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB Lab 12: Fiber optics SUMMARY: In this lab you will become familiar with procedures for working with fiber optics including cleaving, splicing and coupling. PRELAB: HOMEWORK
More information3M Fibrlok II Angle Fiber Splice 2529-AS 3M Fibrlok 250 µm Angle Fiber Splice 2540-AS
3M Fibrlok II Angle Fiber Splice 2529-AS 3M Fibrlok 250 µm Angle Fiber Splice 2540-AS Instructions January 2009 78-8140-1580-2-C Contents 1.0 Summary...3 2.0 Splicing Set-up...4 3.0 Fiber Preparation...4
More informationECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB
ECEN 4606, UNDERGRADUATE OPTICS LAB Lab 5: Interferometry and Coherence SUMMARY: In this lab you will use interference of a temporally coherent (very narrow temporal frequency bandwidth) laser beam to
More informationFiber Optic and CAT 5-6 Installer Premise Cabling
Hands-On Fiber Optic and CAT 5-6 Installer Premise Cabling Certification Course Description This Hands-On course is customized to give Technicians the confidence and skills to maintain Fiber Optic systems
More informationOptics: Reflection and Refraction (approx. completion time: 2.5 h) (3/28/11)
Optics: Reflection and Refraction (approx. completion time: 2.5 h) (3/28/11) Introduction In this lab you will investigate the reflection and refraction of light. Reflection of light from a surface is
More informationChapter 10 DIFFRACTION GRADING SAFETY NOTES
Chapter 10 DIFFRACTION GRADING SAFETY NOTES Do not look directly into the laser cavity, or at any reflections of the laser caused by shiny surfaces. Keep beam at bench level so as not to accidentally shine
More informationOptical Fiber Assemblies
Optical Fiber Assemblies Installation and Operation Instructions Overview Ocean Optics offers an extensive line of standard and premium grade optical fibers and accessories including patch cords, bifurcated
More information9. Polarization. 1) General observations [Room 310]
9. Polarization In this lab we are going to study the various phenomena related to the polarization of light. We will also learn how to analyze, control and transfer the polarization state of light. This
More informationThe goal of this lab is to give you a chance to align and use a Pockel s Cell.
880 Quantum Electronics Lab Pockel s Cell Alignment And Use The goal of this lab is to give you a chance to align and use a Pockel s Cell. You may not take this lab unless you have read the laser safety
More informationFSM-30PF SPECIFICATIONS FOR FIBER FUSION SPLICER FOR HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH SPLICING 1. GENERAL
Page : 1/9 SPECIFICATIONS FOR FSM-30PF FIBER FUSION SPLICER FOR HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH SPLICING 1. GENERAL These specifications cover the FSM-30PF fiber fusion splicer. This splicer has some new functions
More informationFigure 1 - Refraction
Geometrical optics Introduction Refraction When light crosses the interface between two media having different refractive indices (e.g. between water and air) a light ray will appear to change its direction
More informationPHYSICS. Chapter 34 Lecture FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E RANDALL D. KNIGHT
PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS AND ENGINEERS A STRATEGIC APPROACH 4/E Chapter 34 Lecture RANDALL D. KNIGHT Chapter 34 Ray Optics IN THIS CHAPTER, you will learn about and apply the ray model of light Slide 34-2
More informationSpeed of light E Introduction
Notice: All measurements and calculated values must be presented with SI units with an appropriate number of significant digits. Uncertainties required only when explicitly asked for. 1.0 Introduction
More informationIntroduction. Lab Kit Contents
Introduction MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 6.007 Electromagnetic Energy: From Motors to Lasers Spring 2011 Lab 4 Pre-Lab: Spectrometer
More informationLight and Mirrors MIRRORS
Light and Mirrors MIRRORS 1 Polarized Sunglasses- How do they work? light waves vibrate in more than one plane light waves can be made to vibrate in a single plane by use of polarizing filters. 2 polarizing
More informationLab 8. Interference of Light
Lab 8. Interference of Light Goals To observe the interference patterns for laser light passing through a single narrow slit, through two closely spaced slits, and through multiple closely spaced slits,
More informationGeneral Physics Experiment 11
Physics Labs General Physics Experiment 11 Interference and Diffraction of Light Objectives: To measure the wavelength of light emitted by a Helium-Neon laser. To observe the character of single slit diffraction.
More informationDiffraction. Factors that affect Diffraction
Diffraction What is one common property the four images share? Diffraction: Factors that affect Diffraction TELJR Publications 2017 1 Young s Experiment AIM: Does light have properties of a particle? Or
More informationCalibration of a portable interferometer for fiber optic connector endface measurements
Calibration of a portable interferometer for fiber optic connector endface measurements E. Lindmark Ph.D Light Source Reference Mirror Beamsplitter Camera Calibrated parameters Interferometer Interferometer
More informationPhysical Optics. 1 st year physics laboratories. University of Ottawa.
Physical Optics 1 st year physics laboratories University of Ottawa https://uottawa.brightspace.com/d2l/home INTRODUCTION Physical optics deals with light as a wave which can bend around obstacles (diffraction)
More informationPanduit Certified Installer. Fiber Certification Review
Panduit Certified Installer Fiber Certification Review 2 What does the cleave tool do? A. Breaks the glass cleanly B. Cuts the glass cleanly C. Scores the glass cleanly D. Shatters the glass cleanly Breaks
More informationChapter 12 Notes: Optics
Chapter 12 Notes: Optics How can the paths traveled by light rays be rearranged in order to form images? In this chapter we will consider just one form of electromagnetic wave: visible light. We will be
More informationInterference of Light
Lab 11. Interference of Light Goals To observe the interference patterns for laser light passing through a single narrow slit, through two closely spaced slits, and through multiple closely spaced slits,
More informationFiber Optic Communication Systems. Unit-03: Properties of Light. https://sites.google.com/a/faculty.muet.edu.pk/abdullatif
Unit-03: Properties of Light https://sites.google.com/a/faculty.muet.edu.pk/abdullatif Department of Telecommunication, MUET UET Jamshoro 1 Refractive index Department of Telecommunication, MUET UET Jamshoro
More informationPolarization Microscope. Omano OM349P Series. User Guide
Polarization Microscope Omano OM349P Series User Guide Table of Contents Getting Started... 3 Components... 3 Technical Specifications... 5 Setup Instructions... 6 Basic Operation... 7 Changing the Light
More informationInterference of Light
Interference of Light Objective To study the interference patterns of light passed through a single and double-slit, a human hair, and compact discs using a laser. Equipment meter stick index card slit
More informationGeometrical Optics. 1 st year physics laboratories. University of Ottawa
Geometrical Optics 1 st year physics laboratories University of Ottawa https://uottawa.brightspace.com/d2l/home INTRODUCTION Geometrical optics deals with light as a ray that can be bounced (reflected)
More informationLasers and Femtosecond Lasers
1/26/2004 Lasers and Femtosecond Lasers As you learned in the lecture, a Ti:sapphire laser can operate either as a tunable, continuous-wave (CW) laser, or a pulsed, self-modelocked, laser. A slight alignment
More information2/26/2016. Chapter 23 Ray Optics. Chapter 23 Preview. Chapter 23 Preview
Chapter 23 Ray Optics Chapter Goal: To understand and apply the ray model of light. Slide 23-2 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-3 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-4 1 Chapter 23 Preview Slide 23-5 Chapter 23 Preview
More informationChapter 26 Geometrical Optics
Chapter 26 Geometrical Optics 26.1 The Reflection of Light 26.2 Forming Images With a Plane Mirror 26.3 Spherical Mirrors 26.4 Ray Tracing and the Mirror Equation 26.5 The Refraction of Light 26.6 Ray
More informationEDUCATIONAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER ACCESSORY KIT AND EDUCATIONAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER SYSTEM
GAIN 0 Instruction Manual and Experiment Guide for the PASCO scientific Model OS-8537 and OS-8539 02-06575A 3/98 EDUCATIONAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER ACCESSORY KIT AND EDUCATIONAL SPECTROPHOTOMETER SYSTEM CI-6604A
More informationspecular diffuse reflection.
Lesson 8 Light and Optics The Nature of Light Properties of Light: Reflection Refraction Interference Diffraction Polarization Dispersion and Prisms Total Internal Reflection Huygens s Principle The Nature
More informationTF-FS02 BLUETOOTH FUSION SPLICER Marine Street Farmingdale, NY (631) WE-CABLE
TF-FS02 BLUETOOTH FUSION SPLICER www.tinifiber.com 102 Marine Street Farmingdale, NY 11735 (631) WE-CABLE sales@tinifiber.com OPTICAL FIBER FUSION SPLICER Free Tech Support Re-align the Left Strand Bluetooth
More informationMASTERLINE Ultimate Hybrid High Voltage 4/12 (MLUH HV 4/12) blunt cut at BTS side
INSTALLATION MANUAL HUBER+SUHNER AG Fiber Optics MASTERLINE Ultimate Hybrid High Voltage 4/12 (MLU HV 4/12) blunt cut at BTS side DOC-0000803885 Rev A June 18, 2018 Page 1 of 12 (MLUH HV 4/12) blunt cut
More informationOnwards and Upwards, Your near space guide. Figure 1. CheapBot Line Follower
The CheapBot Line Follower is a plug-in single-board sensor for almost any programmable robot brain. With it, a robot can detect the presence of a black or white zone beneath its two sensors. In its simplest
More informationCrimplok ST* and SC Non-Adhesive Fiber Optic Single & Multi-mode Connectors
Crimplok ST* and SC Non-Adhesive Fiber Optic Single & Multi-mode Connectors Instructions July 2002 78-8073-7660-9-F 1 Contents 1.0 Warnings and Recommendations... 3 2.0 Tool Kit Contents... 4 3.0 Termination...
More informationOPTICAL FIBER SOLUTIONS
FUSION SPLICERS FITEL Featured Products Fusion Splicing Machines & More www.ofsoptics.com OPTICAL FIBER SOLUTIONS FOR FUSION SPLICING Optical fiber plays a critical role in today s communication networks
More informationipad Mini Wi-Fi Front Facing Camera Replacement
ipad Mini Wi-Fi Front Facing Camera Replacement Replace the Front Facing Camera in your ipad Mini Wi-Fi. Written By: Andrew Optimus Goldberg ifixit CC BY-NC-SA www.ifixit.com Page 1 of 42 INTRODUCTION
More informationLab 10 - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS
L10-1 Name Date Partners OBJECTIVES OVERVIEW Lab 10 - GEOMETRICAL OPTICS To examine Snell s Law. To observe total internal reflection. To understand and use the lens equations. To find the focal length
More informationMirror Example Consider a concave mirror radius -10 cm then = = Now consider a 1 cm candle s = 15 cm from the vertex Where is the image.
Mirror Example Consider a concave mirror radius -10 cm then r 10 f = = = 5 cm 2 2 Now consider a 1 cm candle s = 15 cm from the vertex Where is the image 1 s 2 1 = = r s 1 1 2 + = = s s r 1 1 = 0.13333
More informationThe location of the bright fringes can be found using the following equation.
What You Need to Know: In the past two labs we ve been thinking of light as a particle that reflects off of a surface or refracts into a medium. Now we are going to talk about light as a wave. If you take
More informationEXPERIMENT 8 PFUND REFRACTION
EXPERIMENT 8 PFUND REFRACTION A narrow beam of light passes through the face of a glass plate, then undergoes a diffuse reflection from the rear surface of the plate. The diffused light travels back toward
More informationVISIBLE FIBER OPTIC FAULT LOCATOR
VISIBLE FIBER OPTIC FAULT LOCATOR Features: High visibility (up to 6 km with a 1 mw, 635 nm source) Higher output up to 30 mw, non-contact style power versions available Continuous light or pulse modulation
More information(Equation 24.1: Index of refraction) We can make sense of what happens in Figure 24.1
24-1 Refraction To understand what happens when light passes from one medium to another, we again use a model that involves rays and wave fronts, as we did with reflection. Let s begin by creating a short
More informationPHY 222 Lab 11 Interference and Diffraction Patterns Investigating interference and diffraction of light waves
PHY 222 Lab 11 Interference and Diffraction Patterns Investigating interference and diffraction of light waves Print Your Name Print Your Partners' Names Instructions April 17, 2015 Before lab, read the
More informationIntroduction to optical fibers and their applications
Introduction to optical fibers and their applications Felix Donkers Oct, 2008 (draft v0.1) Outline Introduction Optical fibers, patch cords and cables Optical fiber termination and alignment Application
More informationFresnel's biprism and mirrors
Fresnel's biprism and mirrors 1 Table of Contents Section Page Back ground... 3 Basic Experiments Experiment 1: Fresnel's mirrors... 4 Experiment 2: Fresnel's biprism... 7 2 Back ground Interference of
More informationExperiment 6. Snell s Law. Use Snell s Law to determine the index of refraction of Lucite.
Experiment 6 Snell s Law 6.1 Objectives Use Snell s Law to determine the index of refraction of Lucite. Observe total internal reflection and calculate the critical angle. Explain the basis of how optical
More informationTextbook Reference: Glencoe Physics: Chapters 16-18
Honors Physics-121B Geometric Optics Introduction: A great deal of evidence suggests that light travels in straight lines. A source of light like the sun casts distinct shadows. We can hear sound from
More informationReflection and Refraction
Reflection and Refraction INTRODUCTION Geometric optics is one of the oldest branches of physics, dealing with the laws of refraction and reflection. The law of reflection 1 was known to the ancient Greeks
More informationFPC connectors (0.2mm pitch) Back lock
0.9 AYF21 For FPC FPC connectors (0.2mm pitch) Back lock Y2B Series New FEATURES 1. Slim and low profile design (Pitch: 0.2 mm) 0.2 mm pitch back lock design and the slim body with a 3.15 mm depth (with
More informationPhysics 309 Lab 3. where the small angle approximation has been used. This pattern has maxima at. Y Max. n L /d (2)
Physics 309 Lab 3 Introduction This will be a lab whose purpose is to give you some hands-on experience with optical interference and diffraction, using small green diode lasers as the light sources. Each
More informationConstructing a Low-Cost Mobile Eye Tracker
==== Constructing a Low-Cost Mobile Eye Tracker ==== Section 1: Introduction This is a detailed set of instructions on how to build a low-cost mobile eye-tracking system from off-the-shelf components.
More informationBPL SERIES INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS THIS SHEET CONTAINS IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS. SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS.
BPL SERIES INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Important Warning THIS SHEET CONTAINS IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS. SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS. This product must be installed in accordance with National Electrical
More information2011 Optical Science & Engineering PhD Qualifying Examination Optical Sciences Track: Advanced Optics Time allowed: 90 minutes
2011 Optical Science & Engineering PhD Qualifying Examination Optical Sciences Track: Advanced Optics Time allowed: 90 minutes Answer all four questions. All questions count equally. 3(a) A linearly polarized
More informationThese devices require adequately trained and experienced operating personnel.
MMA, 2014 PI Ceramic GmbH PD410 Circular PICMA Bender Piezo Actuators Figure 1: Circular PICMA bender actuator (here: PD410.10) INFORMATION Before soldering, installing and operating the actuator, read
More informationDisadvantages of Fiber-Optic Cabling
Disadvantages of Fiber-Optic Cabling 329 Disadvantages of Fiber-Optic Cabling With all of its advantages, many people use fiber-optic cabling. However, fiber-optic cabling does have a couple of major disadvantages,
More informationksa MOS Ultra-Scan Performance Test Data
ksa MOS Ultra-Scan Performance Test Data Introduction: ksa MOS Ultra Scan 200mm Patterned Silicon Wafers The ksa MOS Ultra Scan is a flexible, highresolution scanning curvature and tilt-measurement system.
More informationPhysics 1C DIFFRACTION AND INTERFERENCE Rev. 2-AH. Introduction
Introduction The material for this chapter is discussed in Hecht, Chapter 25. Light exhibits many of the properties of a transverse wave. Waves that overlap with other waves can reinforce each other or
More informationGeometrical Optics. Theory. N = normal to surface. n r > n i. n i. n r. PHY 192 Geometrical Optics Spring
PHY 192 Geometrical Optics Spring 2017 1 Geometrical Optics The light source for this experiment is a low-power helium-neon laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm. ever look directly at a laser beam nor permit
More information: Imaging Systems Laboratory II. Laboratory 2: Snell s Law, Dispersion and the Prism March 19 & 21, n 1 n 2
05-3: Imaging Systems Laboratory II Laboratory : Snell s Law, Dispersion and the Prism March 9 &, 00 Abstract. This laboratory exercise will demonstrate two basic properties of the way light interacts
More informationConnectorized Aspheric Fiber Optic Collimators
Connectorized Aspheric Fiber Optic Collimators Diffraction limited performance Rugged stainless steel housing Pre-aligned for popular wavelengths Connectorized for quick assembly Threaded exterior for
More information1 Laboratory #4: Division-of-Wavefront Interference
1051-455-0073, Physical Optics 1 Laboratory #4: Division-of-Wavefront Interference 1.1 Theory Recent labs on optical imaging systems have used the concept of light as a ray in goemetrical optics to model
More informationPhy 133 Section 1: f. Geometric Optics: Assume the rays follow straight lines. (No diffraction). v 1 λ 1. = v 2. λ 2. = c λ 2. c λ 1.
Phy 133 Section 1: f Geometric Optics: Assume the rays follow straight lines. (No diffraction). Law of Reflection: θ 1 = θ 1 ' (angle of incidence = angle of reflection) Refraction = bending of a wave
More informationReflection and Refraction of Light
PC1222 Fundamentals of Physics II Reflection and Refraction of Light 1 Objectives Investigate for reflection of rays from a plane surface, the dependence of the angle of reflection on the angle of incidence.
More informationCourse Outline Cover Page
College of Micronesia FSM P.O. Box 159 Kolonia, Pohnpei Course Outline Cover Page Fiber Optics Installation VTE 261 Course Title Department and Number Course Description: This course is designed to teach
More informationdq dt I = Irradiance or Light Intensity is Flux Φ per area A (W/m 2 ) Φ =
Radiometry (From Intro to Optics, Pedrotti -4) Radiometry is measurement of Emag radiation (light) Consider a small spherical source Total energy radiating from the body over some time is Q total Radiant
More informationimac Intel 27" EMC 2639 Hard Drive
imac Intel 27" EMC 2639 Hard Drive Replacement Replace the Hard Drive in your imac Intel 27" EMC 2639. Written By: Walter Galan ifixit CC BY-NC-SA www.ifixit.com Page 1 of 26 INTRODUCTION Replacing the
More informationLesson Plan Outline for Rainbow Science
Lesson Plan Outline for Rainbow Science Lesson Title: Rainbow Science Target Grades: Middle and High School Time Required: 120 minutes Background Information for Teachers and Students Rainbows are fascinating
More informationMicroLab Component Holders
$ Mirror and beamsplitter mounts $ Lens holders $ Optical component cell systems $ Prism/tilt table $ Polarizer holders $ Fiber holders Stable optical component holders are critical for aligning any optical
More informationdq dt I = Irradiance or Light Intensity is Flux Φ per area A (W/m 2 ) Φ =
Radiometry (From Intro to Optics, Pedrotti -4) Radiometry is measurement of Emag radiation (light) Consider a small spherical source Total energy radiating from the body over some time is Q total Radiant
More informationLARGE DIAMETER SPLICING SYSTEM LDS 2.5
Fiber LARGE DIAMETER SPLICING SYSTEM LDS 2.5 110/17 / V02 / IF / 3sae/lds_large-diameter-splicer Fiber LARGE DIAMETER SPLICING SYSTEM 2.5 The rapid development of photonic technologies has created the
More informationTwo 2 MP orthogonal video microscopes equipped with double sided telecentric lenses and LED backlighting
The rapid development of photonic technologies has created the need for sophisticated optical products well outside the telecom standards. User requirements and specifications for these photonic components
More information3/10/2019. Models of Light. Waves and wave fronts. Wave fronts and rays
Models of Light The wave model: Under many circumstances, light exhibits the same behavior as material waves. The study of light as a wave is called wave optics. The ray model: The properties of prisms,
More informationFO Field Genuine alternative to splicing
FO Field Genuine alternative to splicing Get more Flexibility Cabling freedom Efficiency Easy mounting Reliability Long-term stability Flexibility. Cabling freedom. Start independently Freedom in fiber
More informationAstronomy Lab Lenses and Telescopes
Astronomy Lab Lenses and Telescopes OBJECTIVES: Recognize a meter, a centimeter, and a millimeter. Correctly measure distances in mm, cm, and m. Describe the appearance of both a converging lens and a
More informationOptics Vac Work MT 2008
Optics Vac Work MT 2008 1. Explain what is meant by the Fraunhofer condition for diffraction. [4] An aperture lies in the plane z = 0 and has amplitude transmission function T(y) independent of x. It is
More informationonlinecomponents.com
0.9 For FPC FPC connectors (0.3mm pitch) Back lock Y3B Series New FEATURES 1. Slim and low profile design (Pitch: 0.3 mm) The use of a back lock mechanism enables a 3.15 mm (with lever) low profile design.
More informationOptics: Laser Light Show Student Advanced Version
Optics: Laser Light Show Student Advanced Version In this lab, you will explore the behavior of light. You will observe reflection and refraction of a laser beam in jello, and use a diffraction pattern
More informationDevelopment of Optical Wiring Technology for Optical Interconnects
Development of Optical Wiring Technology for Optical Interconnects Mitsuhiro Iwaya*, Katsuki Suematsu*, Harumi Inaba*, Ryuichi Sugizaki*, Kazuyuki Fuse*, Takuya Nishimoto* 2, Kenji Kamoto* 3 We had developed
More informationChapter 82 Example and Supplementary Problems
Chapter 82 Example and Supplementary Problems Nature of Polarized Light: 1) A partially polarized beam is composed of 2.5W/m 2 of polarized and 4.0W/m 2 of unpolarized light. Determine the degree of polarization
More informationCleaveMeter TM. Interferometric fiber end-face inspection systems for research, development and production.
CleaveMeter TM Interferometric fiber end-face inspection systems for research, development and production Product catalogue NYFORS is a trademark of Nyfors Teknologi AB. Edition 2013 January. Interferometric
More informationTextbook Reference: Physics (Wilson, Buffa, Lou): Chapter 24
AP Physics-B Physical Optics Introduction: We have seen that the reflection and refraction of light can be understood in terms of both rays and wave fronts of light. Light rays are quite compatible with
More informationELECTROSÓN. Data Sheet. HFBR-RXXYYY Series (POF) HFBR-EXXYYY Series (POF) Plastic Optical Fiber Cable and Accessories for Versatile Link
HFBR-RXXYYY Series (POF) HFBR-EXXYYY Series (POF) Plastic Optical Fiber Cable and Accessories for Versatile Link Data Sheet Cable Description The HFBR-R/EXXYYY series of plastic fiber optic cables are
More informationOptics: Laser Light Show Teacher Version
Optics: Laser Light Show Teacher Version In this lab, you will explore the behavior of light. You will observe reflection and refraction of a laser beam in jello, and use a diffraction pattern to measure
More informationThese devices require adequately trained and experienced operating personnel.
MMa, 2017 PI Ceramic GmbH PL112 PL140 Rectangular PICMA Bender Piezo Actuators Figure 1: Different rectangular PICMA bender actuator models INFORMATION Before soldering, installing and operating the actuator,
More informationMichelson Interferometer
Michelson Interferometer The Michelson interferometer uses the interference of two reflected waves The third, beamsplitting, mirror is partially reflecting ( half silvered, except it s a thin Aluminum
More informationAll forms of EM waves travel at the speed of light in a vacuum = 3.00 x 10 8 m/s This speed is constant in air as well
Pre AP Physics Light & Optics Chapters 14-16 Light is an electromagnetic wave Electromagnetic waves: Oscillating electric and magnetic fields that are perpendicular to the direction the wave moves Difference
More informationLecture Outline Chapter 26. Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker. Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.
Lecture Outline Chapter 26 Physics, 4 th Edition James S. Walker Chapter 26 Geometrical Optics Units of Chapter 26 The Reflection of Light Forming Images with a Plane Mirror Spherical Mirrors Ray Tracing
More informationDiffraction: Taking Light Apart
Diffraction: Taking Light Apart Engage Student Guide A. Waves Let s first consider diffraction. It s part of everyday life, in which waves of energy don t seem to move in straight lines. Do the activity
More informationFiber Optic Prism Switch USER S MANUAL
Fiber Optic Prism Switch USER S MANUAL Warranty Newport Corporation warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment. If found
More informationSTEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR BUILDING A FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPE. TECHSPEC Optical Cage System
STEP-BY-STEP INSTRUCTIONS FOR BUILDING A FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPE TECHSPEC Optical Cage System INTRODUCTION 2 What is a Digital Fluorescence Microscope? Unlike traditional microscopes, which utilize an
More information3SAE Large Diameter Splicing (LDS) System
3SAE Large Diameter Splicing (LDS) System The rapid development of photonic technologies has created the need for sophisticated optical products well outside the telecom standards. User requirements and
More informationPhysics 1C, Summer 2011 (Session 1) Practice Midterm 2 (50+4 points) Solutions
Physics 1C, Summer 2011 (Session 1) Practice Midterm 2 (50+4 points) s Problem 1 (5x2 = 10 points) Label the following statements as True or False, with a one- or two-sentence explanation for why you chose
More informationName Section Date. Experiment Reflection and Refraction
Name Section Date Introduction: Experiment Reflection and Refraction The travel of light is often represented in geometric optics by a light ray, a line that is drawn to represent the straight-line movement
More informationPH 481/581 Physical Optics Winter 2018
PH 481/581 Physical Optics Winter 2018 Laboratory #1 Week of January 15 Read: Section 5.2 (pp.151-175) of "Optics" by Hecht Do: 1. Experiment I.1: Thin Lenses 2. Experiment I.2: Alignment Project 3. Experiment
More informationPhysics 1C. Lecture 25B. "There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it." --Edith Wharton
Physics 1C Lecture 25B "There are two ways of spreading light: to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it." --Edith Wharton Refraction of Light When light passes from one medium to another, it is
More informationPhysics 23 Fall 1988
Lab 3 - Geometrical Optics Physics 23 Fall 1988 Theory This laboratory is an exercise in geometrical optics, the reflection and refraction of light when it strikes the surface between air and glass, or
More informationDiffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves
1 Diffraction and Interference of Plane Light Waves Introduction In this experiment you will become familiar with diffraction patterns created when a beam of light scatters from objects placed in its path.
More informationNanoparticle Optics: Light Scattering Size Determination of Polystryene Nanospheres by Light Scattering and Mie Theory
Nanoparticle Optics: Light Scattering Size Determination of Polystryene Nanospheres by Light Scattering and Mie Theory OUTLINE OF THE PROCEDURE A) Observe Rayleigh scattering from silica nanoparticles.
More information