Multimedia Messaging Service

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1 Multimedia Messaging Service An Engineering Approach to MMS Gwenaël Le Bodic Alcatel, France

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3 Multimedia Messaging Service

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5 Multimedia Messaging Service An Engineering Approach to MMS Gwenaël Le Bodic Alcatel, France

6 Copyright 2003 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (+44) (for orders and customer service enquiries): Visit our Home Page on or All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or ed to permreq@wiley.co.uk, or faxed to (+44) This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. Other Wiley Editorial Offices John Wiley & Sons Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA Jossey-Bass, 989 Market Street, San Francisco, CA , USA Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, Boschstr. 12, D Weinheim, Germany John Wiley & Sons Australia Ltd, 33 Park Road, Milton, Queensland 4064, Australia John Wiley & Sons (Asia) Pte Ltd, 2 Clementi Loop #02-01, Jin Xing Distripark, Singapore John Wiley & Sons Canada Ltd, 22 Worcester Road, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada M9W 1L1 Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN X Typeset in 10.5/13pt Times by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India Printed and bound in Great Britain by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production.

7 Contents Preface About the Author xiii xvii 1 Introduction to MMS MMS Success Enablers Commercial Availability of MMS MMS Compared with Other Messaging Services SMS and EMS Electronic Mail J-phone s Sha-mail and NTT Docomo s i-shot RIM s Blackberry MMS Added Value and Success Factors Billing Models Usage Scenarios Person-to-person Messaging Content-to-person Messaging Further Applications 12 Further Reading 12 2 Standardization of MMS MMS Standards Third Generation Partnership Project GPP Structure GPP Specifications: Release, Phase and Stage GPP Specifications: Numbering Scheme Third Generation Partnership Project WAP Forum Specifications Internet Engineering Task Force IETF Documents Internet Standard Track World Wide Web Consortium 23

8 vi Contents 2.7 Open Mobile Alliance OMA Organization OMA Specifications Available Documents Standardization Roadmap for MMS 29 Further Reading 33 3 Service Architecture MMS Architecture MMS Interfaces MMS Client MMS Centre Wireless Application Protocol Introduction to WAP WAP Architecture Push Technology User Agent Profile WAP 1.x Legacy Configuration WAP HTTP Proxy with Wireless Profiled TCP and HTTP Direct Access WAP Configurations for MMS WTP Segmentation and Reassembly OMA Digital Rights Management 50 4 Service Features Message Sending Message Retrieval Immediate Retrieval Deferred Retrieval Retrieval When Roaming Automatic Rejection of Unsolicited or Anonymous Messages Message Reports Delivery Reports Read Reports Message Forward Reply Charging Addressing Modes Settings of MMS Mobile Devices Connectivity Settings User Preferences Storing and Provisioning MMS Settings Storage of MMS Settings and Notifications in the (U)SIM 61

9 Contents vii 4.9 Multimedia Message Boxes Value-added Services Capability Negotiation Streaming Example of MMS Architecture for the Support of Streaming Streaming Protocols: RTP and RTSP Charging and Billing Security Considerations 73 5 The Multimedia Message Multipart Structure Message Envelope Encapsulation of Media Objects Message Content Domains and Classes Message Content Domains Message Content Classes MMS Client Conformance to Message Content Classes Media Types, Formats and Codecs Text Bitmap and Still Images Vector Graphics Speech Audio and Synthetic Audio Video Personal Information Manager Objects Scene Description Introduction to SMIL Organization of SMIL Spatial Description with SMIL Temporal Description with SMIL SMIL Basic Profile MMS SMIL and the OMA Conformance Document SMIL Namespace Linking the Scene Description with Body Parts Support of Video Streaming Support of Colour with SMIL XHTML as an Alternative to SMIL Example of a Multimedia Message Forward-lock of Media Objects Message Size Measurement 109 Further Reading 111

10 viii Contents 6 Transactions Flows Introduction to the MMS Transaction Model Person-to-person Scenarios Content-to-person Scenarios How to Read the PDU Description Tables MM1 Interface, MMS Client MMSC Message Submission Message Notification Message Retrieval Delivery Report Read Report Message Forward Storing and Updating a Message in the MMBox Viewing Information from the MMBox Uploading a Message to the MMBox Deleting a Message from the MMBox Parameter Description and Binary Encoding MM2 Interface, Internal MMSC Interface MM3 Interface, MMSC External Servers MM4 Interface, MMSC MMSC Introduction to SMTP Routing Forward a Message Routing Forward a Delivery Report Routing Forward a Read Report Example for Message Transfer with SMTP MM5 Interface, MMSC HLR MM6 Interface, MMSC User Databases MM7 Interface, MMSC VAS Applications Introduction to SOAP Message Submission Message Delivery Message Cancellation Message Replacement Delivery Report Read Report Generic Error Handling MM8 Interface, MMSC Billing System Standard Compliance and Interoperability Standard Conformance and Interoperability Testing Static Conformance Requirements Enabler Implementation Conformance Statement 208

11 Contents ix Enabler Test Requirements, Plan and Specification Interoperability Testing Implementations of Different Versions of the MMS Protocol Commercial Solutions and Developer Tools MMS Handsets Directory MMSC Directory Developer Tools The Future of MMS MMS Developments in 3GPP MMS Release IMS Messaging MMS Development in OMA MMS Developments in 3GPP A Bright Future for MMS? 224 Appendices 225 A Content Types of Media Objects 225 B MM1 Interface Response Status Codes (X-Mms-Response-Status) 225 C MM1 Interface Retrieve Status Codes (X-Mms-Retrieve-Status) 228 D MM1 Interface MMBox Store Status Codes (X-Mms-Store-Status) 229 E MM4 Interface Request Status Codes (X-Mms-Request-Status-Code) 230 F MM7 Interface Status Code and Status Text 231 References 235 Acronyms and Abbreviations 241 Index 247

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13 The nice thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from Andrew S. Tanenbaum

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15 Preface First wireless communications over radio links were demonstrated by Guglielmo Marconi in the 1890s. These initial communications trials opened the door to many applications from radio to television broadcasts. The first regular radio broadcast service began in 1920 and the commercial introduction of colour television followed more than 30 years later. Colour television is a significant milestone in the road map of radio-based broadcast services since it allowed voice to be transmitted along with motion colour pictures. Radio-based communications also allowed the introduction of another category of innovative applications: personal communications between mobile users. To some extent, personal communications follow a similar evolution path as that of commercial radio-based broadcast services. Commercial personal mobile communications services started as voice-centric services with the introduction of the first radio mobile network in 1981 in Europe. Twenty years later, advances in high technology made possible multimedia personal communications over radio links between mobile users. The Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) is one of these applications allowing users to exchange multimedia messages. A multimedia message can be a simple text or voice message or a sophisticated message containing various media objects (e.g. video clip, image, melodies). Regarding the importance of MMS in the evolution of personal communications, MMS may soon represent for radio-based personal mobile communications services what colour television is to radio-based broadcast services. The first reference to the term Multimedia Messaging Service can be traced back to At this crucial time, SMS usage was booming and new requirements for enhancing the messaging experience of mobile users were emerging. To meet this demand, major industry players defined the scope of what was expected to become a ubiquitous multimedia messaging service with the intention to deploy it over various transport technologies for mobile networks. MMS can be seen as the best of the breed of several messaging services including the well-known Short Message Service (SMS) and the Internet electronic mail. Year 2002 saw the first wave of MMS devices appearing on the market, mainly targeting photo messaging with the availability of camera phones. Year 2003 sees the emergence of a new generation of MMS devices with video capabilities. MMS is still in its infancy, and ongoing standardization developments should allow further MMS use

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