Delivering location-based services using GIS, WAP, and the Web: two applications
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1 Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos Delivering location-based services using GIS,, and the Web: Sergio Luján-Mora Introduction Contents Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 2 1
2 Introduction The Web has changed the way we work One of the main advantages of the Web: universal access Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) Mobile digital communications The GSM network can be used to establish the position of the user 3 Introduction Wireless Application Protocol (): Mobile phone Web server. Universal access from everywhere : a group of specifications to develop applications and services that operate over wireless communications networks Convergence of wireless communications and Internet 4 2
3 Introduction Two applications for mobile phones Provide location-based information to the user Geographical Information System (GIS) Geographical information to the user 5 Introduction Application 1: resource searcher and locator User can obtain information from the GIS Application 2: data acquisition system User can obtain information or can also introduce information into the GIS. 6 3
4 Contents Introduction Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 7 Mobile positioning The position of a mobile phone can be located using information from the GSM network When a call is established, the phone is connected to a base station The distance from the base station can be approximately calculated (Timing Advance) 8 4
5 Mobile positioning Base station A cell is the basic unit of a mobile system The area where the radio coverage is given by one base station A cell is represented simplified by a hexagon 9 Mobile positioning Base station Mobile phone 10 5
6 Mobile positioning Base station α 1 (lat, long) R 1 R 2 α 2 Mobile phone 11 Mobile positioning Timing Advance is a server-based solution that allows positioning services to be used with current mobile phones It is not possible to give a specific value for the accuracy, since it depends on several factors: the size of the cell, the kind of the cell, the distance to the base station, the topology, etc. Tens of meters Hundreds of meters 12 6
7 Mobile positioning European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI): Time of Arrival (TOA) Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E- OTD) Assisted GPS (A-GPS) 13 Contents Introduction Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 14 7
8 Architecture of the system Ericsson s Mobile Positioning System 3.0 (MPS 3.0): Timing Advance It can be used with current mobile phones with no further change 15 WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICE The Device (mobile client or mobile station) Connects to the wireless network by means of the Wireless Session Protocol () 16 8
9 WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICE PROXY The Proxy (Gateway) translates requests to Web requests and vice versa 17 WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICE HTTP PROXY HTTP INTERNET POSITIONING APPLICATION The Proxy converts the requests into HTTP requests and forwards them to Internet 18 9
10 WIRELESS NETWORK DEVICE HTTP PROXY HTTP INTERNET POSITIONING APPLICATION The Proxy allows the Device to submit requests to the Web server that hosts the Positioning Application 19 MOBILE POSITIONING CENTRE WIRELESS NETWORK MPP INTERNET DEVICE MPP HTTP PROXY HTTP INTERNET POSITIONING APPLICATION The Positioning Application requests the position of the Device to the Mobile Positioning Centre by means of Mobile Positioning Protocol (MPP) 20 10
11 MOBILE POSITIONING CENTRE WIRELESS NETWORK MPP INTERNET DEVICE MPP PROXY HTTP INTERNET HTTP GIS DATABASE POSITIONING APPLICATION The Positioning Application uses the position of the Device to query the GIS database and provide localized services 21 Contents Introduction Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 22 11
12 Application programming Client/server model Server: ASP Personal Web Server or Internet Information Server Visual Basic Script Access database 23 Client: Application programming Application device: Wireless Markup Language (WML) The correct operation of the application has been proven with different mobile phones: Nokia, Ericsson, Phone.com browser, etc. Administrative tool Web browser: HyperText Markup Language (HTML) JavaScript 24 12
13 Application programming Narrow bandwidth Transmission of GIS files is time-consuming Limited display Geographical images can be hardly showed Applications provide geographical information based on text 25 Application programming Ericsson Mobile Positioning System Software Development Kit 3.0 (MPS SDK 3.0): MPC Emulator: positioning server that accepts MPP requests and emulates positioning answer MPC Map Tool: mobile network building tool 26 13
14 MOBILE POSITIONING CENTRE WIRELESS NETWORK MPP INTERNET DEVICE MPP The PA sends a POST request to the MPC The message body of the request includes an XML formatted request POSITIONING APPLICATION 27 Application programming <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso standalone="yes"?> <REQ ver= 3.00 > <CLIENT><ID>TheUser</ID><PWD>ThePassword</PWD> </CLIENT> <LIR> Latitude and longitude <GEO_INFO> <COORD_SYS>LL</COORD_SYS> <DATUM>WGS-84</DATUM> Geodetic datum <FORMAT>IDMS0</FORMAT> </GEO_INFO> <MSIDS><MSID> </MSID></MSIDS> </LIR></REQ> Mobile Station Direction indicator, degrees, minutes, seconds, and precision 28 14
15 MOBILE POSITIONING CENTRE MPP INTERNET MPP The MPC responds with either an error message or with the position of the Device The PA uses the answer to query a GIS database POSITIONING APPLICATION GIS DATABASE 29 Application programming <?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso standalone="yes"?> <ANS ver="3.00"> Mobile Station <LIA><GMT_OFF>+0100</GMT_OFF> <POS msid=" "> <PD><TIME> </TIME><ARC> <LL_POINT> <LAT>N </LAT> Point of origin <LONG>E </LONG> </LL_POINT> <IN_RAD>1200</IN_RAD> Radius <OUT_RAD>1500</OUT_RAD> <START_ANGLE>120</START_ANGLE> Angle <STOP_ANGLE>180</STOP_ANGLE> </ARC></PD></POS></LIA></ANS> 30 15
16 Contents Introduction Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 31 Application 1 Resource searcher and locator The user can locate the nearest resource (gas station, theatre, etc.) to his/her position It is not necessary to know the exact position (latitude and longitude coordinates) 32 16
17 Application 1 33 Application
18 35 Application 2 Data acquisition system The user can introduce information into the GIS The application is oriented to gather data about agriculture: terrain quality, plants that grow, etc
19 Application
20 Contents Introduction Mobile positioning Architecture of the system Application programming Applications 1 & 2 Summary and future work 39 Summary The de facto standard for wireless applications Two applications Mobile positioning system Location-based services Information can flow two ways: GIS database User User GIS database Standard technology 40 20
21 Future work New applications: news, weather and traffic reports, recommendation systems, etc. Generate dynamic images that represent maps from GIS database 41 Departamento de Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos Delivering location-based services using GIS,, and the Web: Sergio Luján-Mora 42 21
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