Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia SEPTEMBER 2017
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1 Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia SEPTEMBER 2017 MALANG Background In 2013 the Bank of Indonesia launched a preliminary study and pilot of branchless banking, with the goal of increasing ease and availability of financial services throughout Indonesia. The pilot was carried out by five banks and two telecommunication companies in five provinces (West Java, East Java, Central Java, Bali, and South Sumatra). The pilot aimed to ascertain the level of demand from the public and providers for branchless banking, review the potential of the business models, and to determine the appropriate regulations for Indonesia.
2 The Bank of Indonesia recognized that the banking sector alone could not efficiently rollout branchless banking services and cooperation with the telecommunications industry was needed. As the pilot progressed, the original aim of the Bank of Indonesia expanded from increasing financial access to pushing Indonesia to be a more technology based economy. Based on these considerations, branchless banking has been expanded to digital financial services (DFS). The Bank of Indonesia defines DFS as limited payments and/or financial services that rely on technology, whether it be mobile, web-based or through the services of third parties (agents). These services should be targeted at the unbanked or underbanked. In 2014, only 36% of the Indonesian population had adequate access to banking service; DFS can support Indonesia to reach its target of 75% in 2019 (Bank of Indonesia). A study by LPPI and Bank Indonesia (2015) showed that only around 30% of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Indonesia have access to formal financial institutions. Under the E-Mitra program funded by USAID, Bank Mandiri began piloting digital financial services and Mandiri E-Cash, Bank Mandiri s branchless banking service, in Malang District, East Java. When the initial pilot ended, AgriFin Mobile proposed conducting a second pilot targeted at farmerts. Working with Farmer Group Unions allows Bank Mandiri to easily reach farmers, whom fall into the 70% of enterprises that don t have access to formal financial institutions. Farmer Group Unions exist in every village in Indonesia, allowing the potential for Bank Mandiri to scale up and reach farmers post pilot. Products/Services In January of 2016, Bank Mandiri began training seven agents, five male and two female, on Mandiri E-Cash. The agents were spread out across seven villages in Pagelaran Subdistrict. AgriFin Mobile and Bank Mandiri trained the agents on how to use a netbook, access the Mandiri E-Cash Agent website, farmer registration, upgrade current current Mandiri customers to Mandiri E-Cash, and educated the agents on how to promote the mobile phone branchless banking services. MERCY CORPS Indonesia: Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia A 2
3 Farmers are able to use the following Bank Mandiri Branchless Banking products and services: AASaving with and withdrawing funds from agents (cash-in and cash-out) AAPaying electricity and telephone bills AAPerforming top-ups of handphone usage units and pre-paid electricity AAPerforming money remittance to other users of Mandiri e-cash and to holders of Bank Mandiri savings accounts AAShopping at a network of mini-markets already cooperating with Bank Mandiri Farmers who wish to use Bank Mandiri s Branchless Banking services can visit the seven agents to register and to upgrade their services in order to be able to use the mobile money service. The majority of farmers are still using basic cell phones and access Mandiri E-Cash using a USSD menu. All banking fees are deducted from the farmers savings account and the E-Cash access fees are deducted from the farmers airtime. As a government-owned bank, Bank Mandiri is required to distribute Kredit Usasha Rakyat (Government Subsidy Loan), consisting of micro loans with ceilings up to Rp 25 million and retail loans with ceilings > Rp 25 million up to Rp 500 million. During the agent training, Bank Mandiri staff educated the agents on the criteria to access these Kredit Usasha Rakyat. The agents were interested in the Kredit Usasha Rakyat and planned on informing their farmer group union members about the product. MERCY CORPS Indonesia: Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia A 3
4 Partners The below table summarizes the roles and responsibilities of the partners involved in delivering the products and services to the farmers. Partners Bank Mandiri Malang District Government/ Malang District Extension Agency Roles and Responsibilities Conduct outreach on Bank Mandiri s branchless banking products and requirements to become an Agent to officers of 10 Farmer Group Unions (FGUs) in Pagelaran Subdistrict. Validate the requirements submitted by FGU committee/members interested in becoming Agents Conduct evaluation of prospective agents and grant approval Perform tagging of agents locations Provide training to agents Conduct branding for agents Provide mentors for agents Provide commissions to agents for services that are used (savings, bill payment, top-up, and money remittance) in accordance with the cooperation agreement between Bank Mandiri and Agents Outreach and cross selling of other Bank Mandiri products appropriate for farmers like small business loans Grant approval for FGUs to act as participants in the pilot of Branchless Banking between Bank Mandiri and AgriFin Mobile project, Pagelaran Subdistrict Extension Centre Facilitate outreach on Bank Mandiri Branchless Banking to committee/ members of 10 FGUs Field extension personnel facilitate outreach on Bank Mandiri Branchless Banking for farmers and farmer groups Field extension personnel accompany FGU committee/members to complete requirements for FGU committee/members to become Agents Field extension personnel act as trainers for training on business development and branchless banking for female farmer entrepreneurs / female farmers / farmers wives MERCY CORPS Indonesia: Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia A 4
5 AgriFin Mobile Project, Identification of location for pilot project in Malang District Information to Malang District Government concerning planned pilot of Branchless Banking and plan to partner with FGUs in Pagelaran Subdistrict Strengthen capacity of FGUs that are approved to be Bank Mandiri Branchless Banking Agents, through provision of cash grants (for training and promotion) and netbook Provide one field consultant to assist agents and conduct monitoring Conduct ToT for agricultural extension field personnel who will provide training to 600 female farmers/ female farmer entrepreneurs/ farmers wives Develop modules on business development and branchless banking for female farmers/ female farmer entrepreneurs/ farmers wives Conduct training on business development and branchless banking for 600 female farmers /female farmer entrepreneurs/ farmers wives in Pagelaran Subdistrict Sustainability of Business Model Even though Bank Mandiri is the largest commercial bank in Indonesia, there are parts of the country the bank does not have branches; Mandiri E-Cash is helping Bank Mandiri to expand into those areas. Mandiri E-Cash and the partnership with 10 Farmer Group Unions is based on an initiative from the Indonesia Financial Service Authority (OJK) to implement the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion, targeting 75% of the adult population to become banked by As of May 2017, 2,750 previously unbanked farmers have Bank Mandiri accounts, and 63% of those new account holders are active and 62% of the farmers are women. Of farmers with new Mandiri Bank accounts, over 9% have used top ups and 23% have used money transfers, and 9 female farmers have received small business loans. If Bank Mandiri s branchless banking service is able to generate significant revenue for the bank, similar to how mobile money has generated revenue for mobile network operators in Africa, then the model of working with Farmer Group Unions to reach under and unbanked populations will be sustainable. About AgriFin Mobile Funded by the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, AgriFin Mobile operates Indonesia, Uganda and Zimbabwe and is working with private sector partners, including both the financial services and the telecommunications industries, to develop sustainable business models that provide bundled financial and agriculture services to 280,000 smallholder farmers. MERCY CORPS Indonesia: Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia A 5
6 CONTACT TREY WATERS Program Director AgriFin Mobile ANDI IKHWAN Program Director Indonesia Agriculture and Financial Services About Mercy Corps Mercy Corps is a leading global organization powered by the belief that a better world is possible. In disaster, in hardship, in more than 40 countries around the world, we partner to put bold solutions into action helping people triumph over adversity and build stronger communities from within. Now, and for the future. 45 SW Ankeny Street Portland, Oregon mercycorps.org MERCY CORPS Indonesia: Bundled Branchless Banking and Loan Services for Farmers in Malang District, Indonesia A 6
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