Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition"

Transcription

1 Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition Chapter 14 Troubleshooting, Performance, and Security

2 Objectives Describe and outline good troubleshooting practices Effectively troubleshoot common hardware- and software-related problems Monitor system performance using command-line and graphical utilities Identify and fix common performance problems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 2

3 Objectives (continued) Describe the different facets of Linux security Increase the security of a Linux computer Outline measures and utilities that can be used to detect a Linux security breach Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 3

4 Troubleshooting Methodology Figure 14-1: The maintenance cycle Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 4

5 Troubleshooting Methodology (continued) Monitoring: observing log files and running performance utilities system to identify problems and their causes Proactive maintenance: minimizing chance of future problems e.g., perform regular system backups Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 5

6 Troubleshooting Methodology (continued) Reactive maintenance: correcting problems when they arise Documenting solutions Developing better proactive maintenance methods Documentation: system information stored in a log book for future references All maintenance actions should be documented Troubleshooting procedures: tasks performed when solving system problems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 6

7 Troubleshooting Methodology (continued) Figure 14-2: Common troubleshooting procedures Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 7

8 Troubleshooting Methodology (continued) Two troubleshooting golden rules: Prioritize problems according to severity Spend reasonable amount of time on each problem given its priority Ask for help if you can t solve the problem Try to solve the root of the problem Avoid missing underlying cause Justify why a certain solution is successful Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 8

9 Resolving Common System Problems Three categories of problems: Hardware-related Software-related User interface-related Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 9

10 Hardware-Related Problems Often involve improper hardware or software configuration SCSI termination Video card and monitor configuration All hardware is on Hardware Compatibility List POST test alerts Loose hardware connections Problems specific to the type of hardware View output of dmesg command View content of /var/log/boot.log, /var/log/messages Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 10

11 Hardware-Related Problems (continued) Absence of device drivers prevent OS from using associated devices dmesg command: displays the hardware that is detected by the Linux kernel lsusb command: displays a list of USB devices detected by the Linux kernel lspci command: displays a list of PCI devices detected by the Linux kernel Compare outputs of commands to output of lsmod to determine if driver module is missing from kernel Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 11

12 Hardware-Related Problems (continued) Hardware failure can render a device unusable HDDs most common hardware components to fail If HDD containing partitions mounted on noncritical directories fails: Power down computer and replace failed HDD Boot Linux system Use fdisk to create partitions on replaced HDD Use mkfs to create filesystems Restore original data Ensure /etc/fstab has appropriate entries to mount filesystems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 12

13 Hardware-Related Problems (continued) If HDD containing / filesystem fails: Power down computer and replace failed HDD Reinstall Linux on new HDD Restore original configuration and data files Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 13

14 Software-Related Problems: Application-Related Problems Missing program libraries/files, process restrictions, or conflicting applications Dependencies: prerequisite shared libraries or packages required for program execution Programs usually check at installation Package files may be removed accidentally Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 14

15 Software-Related Problems: Application-Related Problems (continued) rpm V command: identify missing files in a package or package dependency ldd command: display shared libraries used by a program ldconfig command: updates list of shared library directories (/etc/ld.so.conf) and list of shared libraries (/etc/ld.so.cache) Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 15

16 Software-Related Problems: Application-Related Problems (continued) Too many running processes Solve by killing parent process of zombie processes Filehandles: connections programs make to files ulimit command: modify process limit parameters in current shell Can also modify max number of filehandles Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 16

17 Software-Related Problems: Application-Related Problems (continued) /var/log directory: contains most system log files Some are hard linked to /var/log directory If applications stop functioning due to difficulty gaining resources, restart using SIGHUP Do determine if another process trying to access the same resources attempt to start application in Single User Mode If resource conflict is the cause of the problem, download newer version of application or application fix Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 17

18 Software-Related Problems: Operating System-Related Problems Most software-related problems related to OS X windows, boot loader, and filesystem problems Problem detecting video card or monitors by the kernel To isolate problem starting X Windows or gdm: View /var/log/xorg.0.log file Execute xwininfo or xdpyinfo Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 18

19 Software-Related Problems: OS-Related Problems (continued) LILO problems: place linear in, remove compact from /etc/lilo.conf file GRUB problems: typically result of missing files in /boot directory Ensure Linux kernel resides before 1024 th cylinder and lba32 keyword is in configuration file Eliminates BIOS problems with large HDDs Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 19

20 Software-Related Problems: OS-Related Problems (continued) If filesystem on partition mounted to noncritical directory becomes corrupted: Unmount filesystem Run fsck command with f (full) option If fsck command cannot repair filesystem, use mkfs command to re-create the filesystem Restore filesystem s original data Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 20

21 Software-Related Problems: OS-Related Problems (continued) If / filesystem is corrupted: Boot from Fedora installation media and enter System Rescue At shell prompt within System Rescue: Use mkfs to recreate the filesystem Use backup utility to restore original data to the recreated / filesystem Exit System Rescue and reboot system Knoppix Linux and BBC Linux: bootable Linux distributions with many filesystem repair utilities Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 21

22 Software-Related Problems: User Interface-Related Problems Assistive technologies: tools that users can use to modify their desktop experience Assistive Technologies Preference utility within GNOME Desktop Environment Preferred Applications to configure Web browser, multimedia player and terminal applications to be opened automatically Mouse Accessibility to configure speed and click behavior Keyboard Accessibility to configure keyboard related assistive technologies Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 22

23 Software-Related Problems: User Interface-Related Problems (continued) Figure 14-3: The Assistive Technologies Preferences utility Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 23

24 Performance Monitoring Jabbering: failing hardware components send large amounts of information to CPU Other causes of poor performance: Software monopolizes system resources Too many processes Too many read/write requests to HDD Rogue processes Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 24

25 Performance Monitoring (continued) To solve software performance issues: Remove software from the system Move software to another Linux system Add CPU or otherwise alter hardware Bus mastering: peripheral components perform tasks normally executed by CPU Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 25

26 Performance Monitoring (continued) To increase performance: Add RAM Upgrade to faster HDDs Disk Striping RAID Keep CD/DVD drives on a separate HDD controller Run performance utilities on a regular basis Record results in a system log book Eases identification of performance problems Baseline: measure of normal system activity Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 26

27 Monitoring Performance with sysstat Utilities System Statistics (sysstat) package: contains wide range of system monitoring utilities Use yum install sysstat command to install mpstat (multiple processor statistics) command: displays CPU statistics Used to monitor CPU performance Can specify interval and number of measurements rather than displaying average values %sys should be smaller than %usr and %nice combined Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 27

28 Monitoring Performance with sysstat Utilities (continued) iostat (Input/Output Statistics) command: measures flow of information to and from disk devices Displays CPU statistics similar to mpstat Displays statistics for each disk device on the system Output includes: Transfers per second Number of blocks read and written per second Total number of blocks read and written for the device Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 28

29 Monitoring Performance with sysstat Utilities (continued) sar (System Activity Reporter) command: displays various system statistics taken in the last day Provides more information than mpstat and iostat By default scheduled to run every 10 minutes Output logged to a file in /var/log/sa directory -f option: View statistics from a specific file Can be used to take current system measurements Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 29

30 Monitoring Performance with sysstat Utilities (continued) Additional sar options: -q option: Displays processor queue statistics runq -sz value: Number of processes waiting for execution on processor run queue plist -sz value: Indicates number of processes currently running ldavg values: Represent average CPU load -W option: Displays number of pages sent to and taken from swap partition Large number causes slower performance Add RAM to resolve Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 30

31 Monitoring Performance with sysstat Utilities (continued) Table 14-1: Common options to the sar command Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 31

32 Other Performance Monitoring Utilities top command: displays CPU statistics, swap usage, memory usage and average CPU load free command: displays total amounts of physical and swap memory and their utilizations Can be used to indicate whether more physical memory is required vmstat command: displays memory, CPU, and swap statistics Can be used to indicate whether more physical memory is required Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 32

33 Security Linux systems typically made available across networks such as the Internet More prone to security loopholes and attacks Should improve local and network security Understand how to detect intruders who breach the system Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 33

34 Securing the Local Computer Limit access to physical computer itself Prevent malicious users from accessing files by directly booting the computer with their own device Server closet: secured room to store servers Remove floppy, CD, and DVD drives from workstations Ensure BIOS prevents booting from USB ports Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 34

35 Securing the Local Computer (continued) Ensure BIOS password is set Set boot loader password in LILO or GRUB configuration file Prevents intruder from interacting with boot loader Limit access to graphical desktops and shells Exit command-line shell before leaving computer nohup command: prevents background processes from being killed when parent shell is killed or exited Lock screen using GNOME or KDE Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 35

36 Securing the Local Computer (continued) Minimize root user s time logged in su (switch user) command: switch current user account to another Used to switch between root user and regular user sudo command: perform commands as another user if you have the rights to do that listed in /etc/sudoers file Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 36

37 Protecting Against Network Attacks Always a possibility that hackers can manipulate a network service by interacting with it in unusual ways Buffer overrun: program information for a network service altered in memory Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 37

38 Network Security Essentials Minimize number of running network services nmap (network mapper) command: scans ports on network computers User can determine what network services are running Ensure that services that are not needed are not automatically started when entering the runlevel Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 38

39 Network Security Essentials (continued) Ensure network service daemons for essential services not run as root user when possible Ensure that shell listed in /etc/passwd for daemons is set to /sbin/nologin Hacker will not be able to get BASH shell New network service versions usually include fixes for known network attacks Keep network services up-to-date Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 39

40 Network Security Essentials (continued) TCP wrapper: program that can start a network daemon Checks /etc/hosts.allow and /etc/hosts.deny files before starting a network daemon Examine permissions for files and directories associated with system and network services Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 40

41 Configuring a Firewall netfilter/iptables: used to configure a firewall Discard network packets according to chains of rules Chains: specify general type of network traffic to apply rules to Rules: match network traffic to be allowed or dropped Three chain types: INPUT: incoming packets FORWARD: packets passing through computer OUTPUT chain: outgoing packets Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 41

42 Configuring a Firewall (continued) iptables command: creates rules for a chain Can be based on source IP, destination IP, protocol used, or packet status Stateful packet filter: Remembers traffic allowed in an existing session and adjust rules appropriately Easier to use graphical utility to configure firewalls Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 42

43 Table 14-2: Common iptables options Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 43

44 Configuring a Firewall (continued) Figure 14-4: The Firewall Configuration utility Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 44

45 Configuring SELinux SELinux: Security Enhanced Linux By default, configured and enabled during Fedora installation Series of kernel patches and utilities created by NSA Enforces role-based security To enable, edit /etc/selinux/config file Configure SELINUXTYPE option Reboot and relabel the system sestatus command: view current SELinux status Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 45

46 Using Encryption to Protect Network Data Use encryption algorithms to protect data before it is transmitted on a network Asymmetric encryption: uses a pair of keys uniquely generated on each system Public key: freely distributed Private key: used only by the system, never distributed Can be used to authenticate messages Digital signature: message that has been encrypted using a private key Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 46

47 Working with SSH By default, SSH uses RSA to encrypt data and DSA to digitally sign data System wide RSA and DSA key pairs are generated the first time SSH daemon is started Tunneling: enclosing network traffic within encrypted SSH packets SSH identity: used to automatically authenticate to other computers using digital signatures Manage keys using Password and Encryption Keys utility Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 47

48 Working with SSH (continued) Figure 14-5: The Passwords and Encryption Keys utility Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 48

49 Working with GPG Open source version of PGP Each user has a key pair used for encryption and authentication Authentication uses trust model Typically uses RSA and DSA key pairs for asymmetric encryption and digital signing Can manage GPG keys and encrypt data using: gpg command Graphical utility such as Passwords and Encryption Keys utility Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 49

50 Detecting Intrusion Log files can contain information or irregularities indicating an intrusion Review log files in /var/log associated with network services At minimum, review system log files associated with authentication Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM): handles authentication requests by network applications Log file in /var/log/secure Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 50

51 Detecting Intrusion (continued) Check /var/log/wtmp log file Lists users who receive BASH shells Use who command to view the file lsof (list open files) command: lists files that are currently being edited Periodically search for files that have SUID bit set Tripwire: monitors important files and directories Intrusion Detection System (IDS): program used to detect intruders on a Linux system Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 51

52 Detecting Intrusion (continued) Table 14-3: Common Linux Intrusion Detection Systems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 52

53 Summary Administrators monitor the system, perform proactive/reactive maintenance, and document system information Common troubleshooting procedures involve: Isolating and determining the cause of system problems and implementing and testing solutions that can be documented for future use Invalid hardware settings, absence of device drivers, and hard disk failure are common hardware-related problems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 53

54 Summary (continued) Software-related problems can be applicationrelated or OS-related Users can use assistive technologies to modify their desktop experience System performance is affected by a variety of hardware and software factors Using performance monitoring utilities to create a baseline is helpful for diagnosing future performance problems Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 54

55 Summary (continued) Securing a Linux computer involves: Improving local and network security and monitoring to detect intruders Greatly improve local security by: Restricting access to the computer and using root account only when required via su and sudo commands Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 55

56 Summary (continued) Reduce chance of network attacks by: Reducing number of network services, implementing firewalls, SELinux, service updates, encryption, and TCP wrappers, and restricting services from running as root user and permissions on key files Analyzing log files and key system files and running IDS applications can be used to detect intruders Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, 3e 56

Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition. Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage

Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition. Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage Objectives Install Red Hat Fedora Linux using good practices Outline the structure of the Linux interface Enter

More information

Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition. Chapter 6 Advanced Installation

Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition. Chapter 6 Advanced Installation Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification, Third Edition Chapter 6 Advanced Installation Objectives Describe the types and structure of SCSI devices Explain the different levels of RAID and types of RAID configurations

More information

CompTIA Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification Fourth Edition. Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage

CompTIA Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification Fourth Edition. Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage CompTIA Linux+ Guide to Linux Certification Fourth Edition Chapter 2 Linux Installation and Usage Objectives Prepare for and install Fedora Linux using good practices Outline the structure of the Linux

More information

CompTIA Linux Course Overview. Prerequisites/Audience. Course Outline. Exam Code: XK0-002 Course Length: 5 Days

CompTIA Linux Course Overview. Prerequisites/Audience. Course Outline. Exam Code: XK0-002 Course Length: 5 Days CompTIA Linux+ 2009 Exam Code: XK0-002 Course Length: 5 Days Course Overview This instructor-led course will prepare students for the 2009 CompTIA Linux+ certification exam. It provides a comprehensive

More information

At course completion. Overview. Audience profile. Course Outline. : 55187B: Linux System Administration. Course Outline :: 55187B::

At course completion. Overview. Audience profile. Course Outline. : 55187B: Linux System Administration. Course Outline :: 55187B:: Module Title Duration : 55187B: Linux System Administration : 4 days Overview This four-day instructor-led course is designed to provide students with the necessary skills and abilities to work as a professional

More information

"Charting the Course... MOC B: Linux System Administration. Course Summary

Charting the Course... MOC B: Linux System Administration. Course Summary Description Course Summary This four-day instructor-led course is designed to provide students with the necessary skills and abilities to work as a professional Linux system administrator. The course covers

More information

Course 55187B Linux System Administration

Course 55187B Linux System Administration Course Outline Module 1: System Startup and Shutdown This module explains how to manage startup and shutdown processes in Linux. Understanding the Boot Sequence The Grand Unified Boot Loader GRUB Configuration

More information

Exam LFCS/Course 55187B Linux System Administration

Exam LFCS/Course 55187B Linux System Administration Exam LFCS/Course 55187B Linux System Administration About this course This four-day instructor-led course is designed to provide students with the necessary skills and abilities to work as a professional

More information

The table below lists the domains measured by this examination and the extent to which they are represented in the examination.

The table below lists the domains measured by this examination and the extent to which they are represented in the examination. Introduction The Linux+ Certification is designed to measure the competencies of the Linux Professional with six to twelve months experience with the Linux operating system. This person provides basic

More information

Contents at a Glance COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL. Introduction...1 Part I: Becoming Familiar with Enterprise Linux...7

Contents at a Glance COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL. Introduction...1 Part I: Becoming Familiar with Enterprise Linux...7 Contents at a Glance Introduction...1 Part I: Becoming Familiar with Enterprise Linux...7 Chapter 1: Getting Acquainted with Enterprise Linux...9 Chapter 2: Exploring the Desktop...17 Chapter 3: Putting

More information

SA2 v6 Linux System Administration II Net Configuration, Software, Troubleshooting

SA2 v6 Linux System Administration II Net Configuration, Software, Troubleshooting SA2 v6 Linux System Administration II Net Configuration, Software, Troubleshooting Synopsis: This is the second System Administration class, a follow-on class for new administrators with limited networking

More information

Unit 2: Manage Files Graphically with Nautilus Objective: Manage files graphically and access remote systems with Nautilus

Unit 2: Manage Files Graphically with Nautilus Objective: Manage files graphically and access remote systems with Nautilus Linux system administrator-i Unit 1: Get Started with the GNOME Graphical Desktop Objective: Get started with GNOME and edit text files with gedit Unit 2: Manage Files Graphically with Nautilus Objective:

More information

SA3 E7 Advanced Linux System Administration III Internet Network Services and Security

SA3 E7 Advanced Linux System Administration III Internet Network Services and Security SA3 E7 Advanced Linux System Administration III Internet Network Services and Security Synopsis: This is a fast paced, level 3, advanced class for experienced administrators of Linux based hosts on a network

More information

Community Enterprise Operating System (CentOS 7) Courses

Community Enterprise Operating System (CentOS 7) Courses Community Enterprise Operating System (CentOS 7) Courses CentOS 7 Administration I Core Skills (5 days) Advanced Linux Shell Scripting Shell Scripting (bash,ksh93) and awk Programming (3 days) Advanced

More information

Checking Resource Usage in Fedora (Linux)

Checking Resource Usage in Fedora (Linux) Lab 5C Checking Resource Usage in Fedora (Linux) Objective In this exercise, the student will learn how to check the resources on a Fedora system. This lab covers the following commands: df du top Equipment

More information

Part 1 : Getting Familiar with Linux. Hours. Part II : Administering Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Part 1 : Getting Familiar with Linux. Hours. Part II : Administering Red Hat Enterprise Linux Part 1 : Getting Familiar with Linux Chapter 1 : Getting started with Red Hat Enterprise Linux Chapter 2 Finding Your Way on the Command Line Hours Part II : Administering Red Hat Enterprise Linux Linux,

More information

LPIC-l/CompTIA. Certification. Lmux+ ONE. ALL a IN. (Exams LPIC-1/LX0-101 & LXO-102) Robb H. Tracy EXAM GUIDE. Graw Hill

LPIC-l/CompTIA. Certification. Lmux+ ONE. ALL a IN. (Exams LPIC-1/LX0-101 & LXO-102) Robb H. Tracy EXAM GUIDE. Graw Hill ALL a IN ONE LPIC-l/CompTIA t Lmux+ TM Certification EXAM GUIDE (Exams LPIC-1/LX0-101 & LXO-102) Robb H. Tracy TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBiBLIOTHEK UNIVER! ivjc Graw Hill BIBUOTHEK VER New York Chicago San

More information

1Z Oracle Linux 5 and 6 System Administration Exam Summary Syllabus Questions

1Z Oracle Linux 5 and 6 System Administration Exam Summary Syllabus Questions 1Z0-100 Oracle Linux 5 and 6 System Administration Exam Summary Syllabus Questions Table of Contents Introduction to 1Z0-100 Exam on Oracle Linux 5 and 6 System Administration2 Oracle 1Z0-100 Certification

More information

Exam : 1Z Title : Enterprise Linux System Administration. Version : DEMO

Exam : 1Z Title : Enterprise Linux System Administration. Version : DEMO Exam : 1Z0-403 Title : Enterprise Linux System Administration Version : DEMO 1. You are logged in to server1 and want to allow remote connections to server1 through X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP).

More information

Host. Computer system #1. Host Hardening

Host. Computer system #1. Host Hardening Host Hardening Series of actions to be taken in order to make it hard for an attacker to successfully attack computers in a network environment (March 28, 2016) Abdou Illia Spring 2016 Host In network

More information

Actual4Test. Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams

Actual4Test.   Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams Actual4Test http://www.actual4test.com Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams Exam : 201-450 Title : LPIC-2 Exam 201 - Part 1 of 2 - version 4.5 Vendor : Lpi Version : DEMO Get Latest &

More information

Disks, Filesystems 1

Disks, Filesystems 1 Disks, Filesystems 1 sudo and PATH (environment) disks partitioning formatting file systems: mkfs command checking file system integrity: fsck command /etc/fstab mounting file systems: mount command unmounting

More information

LPIC-1 System Administrator

LPIC-1 System Administrator LPIC-1 System Administrator The world s largest and most recognized Linux Certification LPIC-1 is the first certification in LPI s multi-level Linux professional certification program. The LPIC-1 will

More information

Q) Q) What is Linux and why is it so popular? Answer - Linux is an operating system that uses UNIX like Operating system...

Q) Q) What is Linux and why is it so popular? Answer - Linux is an operating system that uses UNIX like Operating system... Q) Q) What is Linux and why is it so popular? Answer - Linux is an operating system that uses UNIX like Operating system... Q) Q) What is the difference between home directory and working directory? Answer

More information

1 LINUX KERNEL & DEVICES

1 LINUX KERNEL & DEVICES GL-250: Red Hat Linux Systems Administration Course Length: 5 days Course Description: The GL250 is an in-depth course that explores installation, configuration and maintenance of Linux systems. The course

More information

CompTIA A+ Accelerated course for & exams

CompTIA A+ Accelerated course for & exams CompTIA A+ Accelerated course for 220-901 & 220-902 exams Course overview Target Audience This course is for Participants wishing to take and pass both CompTIA A+ exams (220-901 and 220-902) exam. It is

More information

CompTIA Linux+/LPIC-1 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL

CompTIA Linux+/LPIC-1 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL CompTIA Linux+/LPIC-1 COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL Chapter System Architecture (Domain 101) THE FOLLOWING COMPTIA LINUX+/LPIC-1 EXAM OBJECTIVES ARE COVERED IN THIS CHAPTER: 101.1 Determine and Configure hardware

More information

Oracle Linux System AdministrationNEW

Oracle Linux System AdministrationNEW Oracle University Contact Us: 1.800.529.0165 Oracle Linux System AdministrationNEW Duration: 5 Days What you will learn The Oracle Linux System Administration course covers a range of skills including

More information

Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration TOD

Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration TOD Oracle University Contact Us: Local: 0845 777 7 711 Intl: +44 845 777 7 711 Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration TOD Duration: 5 Days What you will learn The Oracle Linux System Administration course

More information

HP-UX System Administration Course Overview. Skills Gained. Who will the Course Benefit?

HP-UX System Administration Course Overview. Skills Gained. Who will the Course Benefit? HP-UX System Administration Course Overview This Hewlett Packard HP-UX System Administration training course is designed to give delegates practical experience in the administration of an HP-UX UNIX System.

More information

Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration

Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration Oracle University Contact Us: 1.800.529.0165 Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration Duration: 5 Days What you will learn This Oracle Linux System Administration training helps you develop a range of

More information

Prerequisites: General computing knowledge and experience. No prior knowledge with Linux is required. Supported Distributions:

Prerequisites: General computing knowledge and experience. No prior knowledge with Linux is required. Supported Distributions: This course prepares students to take the 101 exam of the LPI level 1 certification. The Linux Professional Institute (LPI) is the go to certification body for vendor independent Linux certifications.

More information

Fedora Core: Made Simple

Fedora Core: Made Simple Table of Contents Installing Fedora...2 Before you begin...2 Compatible Hardware...2 Minimum Requirements...2 Disk Space Requirements...2 Help! Booting from the CD ROM Drive Fails!...2 Installing Fedora

More information

RedHat Certified Engineer

RedHat Certified Engineer RedHat Certified Engineer Red Hat Certified Engineer (RHCE) is a performance-based test that measures actual competency on live systems. Called the "crown jewel of Linux certifications," RHCE proves an

More information

Installation of Fedora 12 with CD

Installation of Fedora 12 with CD Prepared by investech.wordpress.com Installation of Fedora 12 with Net Install CD Version 1.0 investech.wordpress.com 07-12-09 This document is produced under Creative Common License (Attribution No Derivatives).

More information

Chapter 6. Boot time configuration. Chapter 6 Boot time configuration

Chapter 6. Boot time configuration. Chapter 6 Boot time configuration Chapter 6. Boot time configuration Chapter 6 Boot time configuration Last revised: 20/6/2004 Chapter 6 Outline In this chapter we will learn about: How the system boots How to configure the boot loaders

More information

Oracle - Oracle Linux 5 6 System Administration Ed 3

Oracle - Oracle Linux 5 6 System Administration Ed 3 Oracle - Oracle Linux 5 6 System Administration Ed 3 Code: Lengt h: URL: D74508GC30 5 days View Online The Oracle Linux 5 & 6 System Administration course covers a range of skills including installation,

More information

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 Duration: 5 Days

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 Duration: 5 Days Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 Duration: 5 Days The Oracle Linux 7: System Administration course covers a range of skills including installation, using the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, configuring

More information

Boot Process in details for (X86) Computers

Boot Process in details for (X86) Computers Boot Process in details for (X86) Computers Hello,,, Let's discuss what happens between the time that you power up your PC and when the desktop appears. In fact we should know that the boot process differs

More information

TestOut Linux Pro - English 4.0.x OBJECTIVE MAPPING: CompTIA Linux+ LX0-103

TestOut Linux Pro - English 4.0.x OBJECTIVE MAPPING: CompTIA Linux+ LX0-103 TestOut Linux Pro - English 4.0.x OBJECTIVE MAPPING: CompTIA Linux+ LX0-103 CompTIA Linux+ Powered by LPI LX0-103 Objectives The Linux+ Powered by LPI Exam: LX0-103 exam covers the following topics. #

More information

client X11 Linux workstation

client X11 Linux workstation LPIC1 LPIC Linux: System Administrator LPIC 1 LPI command line LPIC-1 Linux LPIC-1 client X11 Linux workstation Unix GNU Linux Fundamentals Unix and its Design Principles FSF and GNU GPL - General Public

More information

Disks, Filesystems, Booting Todd Kelley CST8177 Todd Kelley 1

Disks, Filesystems, Booting Todd Kelley CST8177 Todd Kelley 1 Disks, Filesystems, Booting Todd Kelley kelleyt@algonquincollege.com CST8177 Todd Kelley 1 sudo and PATH (environment) disks partitioning formatting file systems: mkfs command checking file system integrity:

More information

1Z Oracle Linux 6 Implementation Essentials Exam Summary Syllabus Questions

1Z Oracle Linux 6 Implementation Essentials Exam Summary Syllabus Questions 1Z0-460 Oracle Linux 6 Implementation Essentials Exam Summary Syllabus Questions Table of Contents Introduction to 1Z0-460 Exam on Oracle Linux 6 Implementation Essentials.. 2 Oracle 1Z0-460 Certification

More information

Linux Hardware Management. Linux System Administration COMP2018 Summer 2017

Linux Hardware Management. Linux System Administration COMP2018 Summer 2017 Linux Hardware Management Linux System Administration COMP2018 Summer 2017 Hardware Resources CPU refers to the primary computing resource and is measured in processor cores RAM refers to the volatile

More information

CST8177 Linux II. Linux Boot Process

CST8177 Linux II. Linux Boot Process CST8177 Linux II Linux Boot Process Reference information from the text, http://www.linuxdoc.org and several other web sites Linux Boot Process Topics covered in this slide-set Basic definition of the

More information

Oracle 1Z Enterprise Linux System Administration. Download Full Version :

Oracle 1Z Enterprise Linux System Administration. Download Full Version : Oracle 1Z0-403 Enterprise Linux System Administration Download Full Version : http://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/1z0-403 B. It does not provide any protection to remote X connections. C. It allows

More information

"Charting the Course... Enterprise Linux System Administration Course Summary

Charting the Course... Enterprise Linux System Administration Course Summary Course Summary Description This is an in-depth course that explores installation, configuration and maintenance of Linux systems. The course focuses on issues universal to every workstation and server.

More information

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 NE

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 NE Oracle Uni Contact Us: 08 Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 2 NE Durat5 Da What you will learn The Oracle Linux 7: System Administration course cover Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel, configuring Linux

More information

SysadminSG RHCSA Study Guide

SysadminSG RHCSA Study Guide SysadminSG RHCSA Study Guide This is the RHCSA Study Guide for the System Administration Study Group. The study guide is intended to be printed by those who wish to study common tasks performed by many

More information

How to Use This Lab Manual

How to Use This Lab Manual 3 Contents How to Use This Lab Manual........................................ 5 Lab 1: Setting Up the Student System.................................. 7 Lab 2: Installing Fedora............................................

More information

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 Oracle University Contact Us: +603 2299 3600, 1 800 80 6277 Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 Duration: 5 Days What you will learn The Oracle Linux 7: System Administration training helps you

More information

Linux Administration

Linux Administration Linux Administration This course will cover all aspects of Linux Certification. At the end of the course delegates will have the skills required to administer a Linux System. It is designed for professionals

More information

Booting up and Shutting down A primer for troubleshooting

Booting up and Shutting down A primer for troubleshooting Booting up and Shutting down A primer for troubleshooting In this section, we touch upon the startup and shutdown process on Linux. It is beyond the scope of this course to cover this topic in depth and

More information

Critical Analysis and last hour guide for RHCSA/RHCE Enterprise 7

Critical Analysis and last hour guide for RHCSA/RHCE Enterprise 7 Critical Analysis and last hour guide for RHCSA/RHCE Enterprise 7 Disclaimer: I haven t gone through RHCSA/RHCE EL 7. I am preparing for upgrade of my RHCE certificate from RHCE EL4 to RHCE EL7. I don

More information

Guide to Linux+, Fourth Edition Chapter 2 Solutions

Guide to Linux+, Fourth Edition Chapter 2 Solutions Guide to Linux+, Fourth Edition Chapter 2 Solutions Review Questions 1. What is the default shell in Linux called? a. SH b. BSH c. CSH d. BASH Answer: d 2. What equivalent to the man command generally

More information

CHAPTER 2 BASIC OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPT MANAGEMENT

CHAPTER 2 BASIC OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPT MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 2 BASIC OPERATING SYSTEM CONCEPT MANAGEMENT Types of User Interface USER INTERFACE Command Interface Menu Interface Graphical User Interface Voice actuated Interface Web- form Interface User interface

More information

Enterprise Linux System Administration

Enterprise Linux System Administration Enterprise Linux System Administration Course GL250, 5 Days, Hands-On, Instructor-Led Introduction The GL250 is an in-depth course that explores installation, configuration and maintenance of Linux systems.

More information

A Practical Guide to Red Hat Linux

A Practical Guide to Red Hat Linux A Practical Guide to Red Hat Linux THIRD EDITION Mark G. Sobell Chapter 11, pp 459-489 SELinux Traditional security of Linux (Discretionary Access Control DAC) controlled user access to files and how they

More information

A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining your PC, 6e. Chapter 8 Hard Drives

A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining your PC, 6e. Chapter 8 Hard Drives A+ Guide to Managing and Maintaining your PC, 6e Chapter 8 Hard Drives Introduction Hard drive: most important secondary storage device Hard drive technologies have evolved rapidly Hard drive capacities

More information

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 Oracle University Contact Us: Local: 1800 103 4775 Intl: +91 80 67863102 Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 Duration: 5 Days What you will learn The Oracle Linux 7: System Administration training

More information

Using BeOS to Ease the Installation, Support and Troubleshooting of Linux on Intel Desktops

Using BeOS to Ease the Installation, Support and Troubleshooting of Linux on Intel Desktops BY DAVID GOEKE Using BeOS to Ease the Installation, Support and Troubleshooting of Linux on Intel Desktops I nstalling hardware-dependent Linux, customizing a kernel, and configuring X-Windows on hybrid

More information

A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e. Chapter 7 Hard Drives

A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e. Chapter 7 Hard Drives A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e Chapter 7 Hard Drives Objectives Learn how the organization of data on floppy drives and hard drives is similar Learn about hard drive technologies Learn how a computer communicates

More information

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 LVC

Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 LVC Oracle University Contact Us: +27 (0)11 319-4111 Oracle Linux 7: System Administration Ed 1 LVC Duration: 5 Days What you will learn The Oracle Linux 7: System Administration training helps you develop

More information

Linux Installation. Prepared by: William Zereneh

Linux Installation. Prepared by: William Zereneh Linux Installation Prepared by: William Zereneh zereneh@scs.ryerson.ca Introduction 1. System Installation and Customization 2. System Maintenance 3. System Performance and Monitoring 1.Installation and

More information

CIS 191A Final Exam. Fall CIS 191 Final Exam

CIS 191A Final Exam. Fall CIS 191 Final Exam CIS 191A Final Exam Fall 2008 CIS 191 Final Exam The final for CIS 191A is composed several parts: A. (10 points) Questions B. (5 points) Checklist C. (10 points) Troubleshooting D. (35 points) Building

More information

CompTIA A+ Certification ( ) Study Guide Table of Contents

CompTIA A+ Certification ( ) Study Guide Table of Contents CompTIA A+ Certification (220-902) Study Guide Table of Contents Course Introduction About This Course About CompTIA Certifications Module 1 / Supporting Windows 1 Module 1 / Unit 1 Windows Operating System

More information

COURSE OUTLINE AND SCHEDULE: ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE EACH MONDAY WEDNESDAY JANUARY Computing Overview

COURSE OUTLINE AND SCHEDULE: ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE EACH MONDAY WEDNESDAY JANUARY Computing Overview COURSE OUTLINE AND SCHEDULE: ASSIGNMENTS ARE DUE EACH MONDAY WEDNESDAY JANUARY 22 1.0 Computing Overview 1.1 Course Introduction 1.1.1 PC Pro and A+ Certification (9:03) 1.2 Using the Simulator 1.2.1 Using

More information

Disks, Filesystems Todd Kelley CST8177 Todd Kelley 1

Disks, Filesystems Todd Kelley CST8177 Todd Kelley 1 Disks, Filesystems Todd Kelley kelleyt@algonquincollege.com CST8177 Todd Kelley 1 sudo and PATH (environment) disks partitioning formatting file systems: mkfs command checking file system integrity: fsck

More information

Exam Actual. Higher Quality. Better Service! QUESTION & ANSWER

Exam Actual. Higher Quality. Better Service! QUESTION & ANSWER Higher Quality Better Service! Exam Actual QUESTION & ANSWER Accurate study guides, High passing rate! Exam Actual provides update free of charge in one year! http://www.examactual.com Exam : 050-710 Title

More information

GL-280: Red Hat Linux 7 Update. Course Description. Course Outline

GL-280: Red Hat Linux 7 Update. Course Description. Course Outline GL-280: Red Hat Linux 7 Update Course Description This is a differences course that focuses on the new technologies and features that made their appearance in Red Hat Enterprise Linux v7. It is intended

More information

A+ Guide to Hardware: Managing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting, 5e. Chapter 6 Supporting Hard Drives

A+ Guide to Hardware: Managing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting, 5e. Chapter 6 Supporting Hard Drives A+ Guide to Hardware: Managing, Maintaining, and Troubleshooting, 5e Chapter 6 Supporting Hard Drives Objectives Learn about the technologies used inside a hard drive and how data is organized on the drive

More information

Chapter 14: Advanced Troubleshooting

Chapter 14: Advanced Troubleshooting Chapter 14: Advanced Troubleshooting IT Essentials v6.0 ITE v6.0 1 Chapter 14 - Sections & Objectives 14.0 Introduction Review Troubleshooting Steps 14.1 Computer Components and Peripherals Troubleshoot

More information

How To Reinstall Grub In Windows 7 Without Losing Data And Programs

How To Reinstall Grub In Windows 7 Without Losing Data And Programs How To Reinstall Grub In Windows 7 Without Losing Data And Programs So if I install Windows 7 using CD again, will I lose Ubuntu? then yes you will lose Ubuntu, however if you reinstall Windows without

More information

Linux Bible. Negus, C. Table of Contents ISBN-13: Part I: Getting Started 1 Chapter 1: Starting with Linux 3

Linux Bible. Negus, C. Table of Contents ISBN-13: Part I: Getting Started 1 Chapter 1: Starting with Linux 3 Linux Bible Negus, C ISBN-13: 9781118218549 Table of Contents Introduction xxxiii Part I: Getting Started 1 Chapter 1: Starting with Linux 3 Understanding What Linux Is 4 Understanding How Linux Differs

More information

exam.30q. Number: Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 1 LPI

exam.30q. Number: Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 1 LPI 201-450.exam.30q Number: 201-450 Passing Score: 800 Time Limit: 120 min File Version: 1 LPI 201-450 LPIC-2 Exam 201, Part 1 of 2, version 4.5 Exam D QUESTION 1 Which of the following commands creates a

More information

"Charting the Course... RHCE Rapid Track Course. Course Summary

Charting the Course... RHCE Rapid Track Course. Course Summary Course Summary Description This course is carefully designed to match the topics found in the Red Hat RH299 exam prep course but also features the added benefit of an entire extra day of comprehensive

More information

Installation of RHEL 5 for Tenable SecurityCenter Evaluation

Installation of RHEL 5 for Tenable SecurityCenter Evaluation Installation of RHEL 5 for Tenable SecurityCenter Evaluation These instructions are for the installation of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 5 in preparation for installing Tenable SecurityCenter 4.4 for

More information

KillTest *KIJGT 3WCNKV[ $GVVGT 5GTXKEG Q&A NZZV ]]] QORRZKYZ IUS =K ULLKX LXKK [VJGZK YKX\OIK LUX UTK _KGX

KillTest *KIJGT 3WCNKV[ $GVVGT 5GTXKEG Q&A NZZV ]]] QORRZKYZ IUS =K ULLKX LXKK [VJGZK YKX\OIK LUX UTK _KGX KillTest Q&A Exam : XK0-002 Title : Linux+ Certification (2004 Objectives) Version : DEMO 1 / 6 1. At boot time, the computer reported that there are problems with inodes and blocks. Which of the following

More information

Installing caos with Cinch on Floppy Disk

Installing caos with Cinch on Floppy Disk Installing caos with Cinch on Floppy Disk Troy Andrew Johnson May 21, 2004 Abstract cinch is the caos Linux (http://www.caosity.org/) installer. Prerequisites What you need: two floppy disks (at least)

More information

Question No: 1 In capacity planning exercises, which tools assist in listing and identifying processes of interest? (Choose TWO correct answers.

Question No: 1 In capacity planning exercises, which tools assist in listing and identifying processes of interest? (Choose TWO correct answers. Volume: 129 Questions Question No: 1 In capacity planning exercises, which tools assist in listing and identifying processes of interest? (Choose TWO correct answers.) A. acpid B. lsof C. pstree D. telinit

More information

OPS235: Week 1. Installing Linux ( Lab1: Investigations 1-4)

OPS235: Week 1. Installing Linux ( Lab1: Investigations 1-4) OPS235: Week 1 Installing Linux ( Lab1: Investigations 1-4) 1 Agenda: Lab 1 Required materials Thinking Ahead (Tips / Warnings): Importance of Command Line LVM / Host vs Virtual Machines Importance of

More information

Android Bootloader and Verified Boot

Android Bootloader and Verified Boot Android Bootloader and Verified Boot Lecture 7 Security of Mobile Devices 2018 SMD Android Bootloader and Verified Boot, Lecture 7 1/38 Bootloader Recovery Verified Boot Bibliography SMD Android Bootloader

More information

CS197U: A Hands on Introduction to Unix

CS197U: A Hands on Introduction to Unix CS197U: A Hands on Introduction to Unix Lecture 4: My First Linux System Tian Guo University of Massachusetts Amherst CICS 1 Reminders Assignment 2 was due before class Assignment 3 will be posted soon

More information

The Linux IPL Procedure

The Linux IPL Procedure The Linux IPL Procedure SHARE - Tampa February 13, 2007 Session 9274 Edmund MacKenty Rocket Software, Inc. Purpose De-mystify the Linux boot sequence Explain what happens each step of the way Describe

More information

System CMOS/BIOS Configuration PC Diagnostics

System CMOS/BIOS Configuration PC Diagnostics System CMOS/BIOS Configuration PC Diagnostics (POST; Error Messages and Error Codes) CMOS/BIOS Complementary Metal Oxide Substrate (CMOS) A part of the motherboard that maintains system variables in static

More information

"Charting the Course... Enterprise Linux System Administration. Course Summary

Charting the Course... Enterprise Linux System Administration. Course Summary Course Summary Description This is an in-depth course that explores installation, configuration and maintenance of Linux systems. The course focuses on issues universal to every workstation and server.

More information

RHEL 5 Essentials. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Essentials

RHEL 5 Essentials. Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Essentials Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Essentials 2 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Essentials First Edition 2010 Payload Media. This ebook is provided for personal use only. Unauthorized use, reproduction and/or distribution

More information

Linux Security & Firewall

Linux Security & Firewall Linux Security & Firewall Linux is not secure No computer system can ever be "completely secure". make it increasingly difficult for someone to compromise your system. The more secure your system, the

More information

OPERATING SYSTEMS & UTILITY PROGRAMS

OPERATING SYSTEMS & UTILITY PROGRAMS OPERATING SYSTEMS & UTILITY PROGRAMS System Software System software consists of the programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices. Functions that system software performs include:

More information

Fedora 12 Essentials

Fedora 12 Essentials Fedora 12 Essentials 2 Fedora 12 Essentials First Edition 2010 Payload Media. This ebook is provided for personal use only. Unauthorized use, reproduction and/or distribution strictly prohibited. All rights

More information

Data rate - The data rate is the number of bytes per second that the drive can deliver to the CPU.

Data rate - The data rate is the number of bytes per second that the drive can deliver to the CPU. A+ Guide to Hardware, 4e Chapter 7 Hard Drives Learning from Floppy Drives Floppy drives are an obsolescent technology Replacements: CD drives and USB flash memory Good reasons for studying floppy drive

More information

Installation of the OS

Installation of the OS Lab 1 Installation of the OS 1.1 Objectives The goal of this first session is to install a Debian/Linux operating system from scratch on a Intel x86- based computer. The installation will be made on a

More information

Actual4Test. Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams

Actual4Test.   Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams Actual4Test http://www.actual4test.com Actual4test - actual test exam dumps-pass for IT exams Exam : RH133 Title : Red Hat Linux System Administration Vendor : RedHat Version : DEMO Get Latest & Valid

More information

Disk Imaging with Knoppix

Disk Imaging with Knoppix Introduction This document explains how to use the CD-ROM bootable version of Linux, named Knoppix, to make and restore images of computer hard drives. Knoppix makes a very good system recovery tool for

More information

Open Source Operating Systems: Introduction to Command Line Administration (SCQF level 8)

Open Source Operating Systems: Introduction to Command Line Administration (SCQF level 8) Higher National Unit Specification General information Unit code: HT6W 35 Superclass: CD Publication date: July 2017 Source: Scottish Qualifications Authority Version: 01 Unit purpose This unit is suitable

More information

Certification. RPM, Boot Loaders, and Kickstart

Certification. RPM, Boot Loaders, and Kickstart Certification RPM, Boot Loaders, and Kickstart UNIT 7 RPM, Boot Loaders, and Kickstart 1 UNIT 7: Objectives Upon completion of this unit the student should be able to: Use RPM to install, remove, update,

More information

CompTIA SY CompTIA Security+

CompTIA SY CompTIA Security+ CompTIA SY0-501 CompTIA Security+ https://killexams.com/pass4sure/exam-detail/sy0-501 QUESTION: 338 The help desk is receiving numerous password change alerts from users in the accounting department. These

More information

Lesson 1: Preparing for Installation

Lesson 1: Preparing for Installation 2-2 Chapter 2 Installing Windows XP Professional Lesson 1: Preparing for Installation When you install Windows XP Professional, the Windows XP Professional Setup program allows you to specify how to install

More information

Manual File System Check Linux Command Line

Manual File System Check Linux Command Line Manual File System Check Linux Command Line The traditional Unix environment is a CLI (command line interface), where you To move around the file system you will use cd. Nearly every command and application

More information

Chapter 02 Linux Installation and Usage

Chapter 02 Linux Installation and Usage Chapter 02 Linux Installation and Usage TRUEFALSE 1. A swap partition contains a filesystem. 2. When a user interacts with his computer, he interacts directly with the kernel of the computer's operating

More information