Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks. Introduction to Networks v5.1
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1 Chapter 8: Subnetting IP networks Introduction to Networks v5.1
2 8.0 Introduction 8.1 Subnetting an IPv4 Network 8.2 Addressing Schemes 8.3 Design Considerations for IPv6 8.4 Summary 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2
3 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Explain how subnetting segments a network to enable better communication. Explain how to calculate IPv4 subnets for a /24 prefix. Explain how to calculate IPv4 subnets for a /16 and /8 prefix. Given a set of requirements for subnetting, implement an IPv4 addressing scheme. Explain how to create a flexible addressing scheme using variable length subnet masking (VLSM) Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 3
4 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4
5 Each router interface connects a broadcast domain and broadcasts are only propagated within its specific broadcast domain Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5
6 Slow network operations due to the significant amount of broadcast traffic. Slow device operations because a device must accept and process each broadcast packet Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6
7 Solution -reduce the size of the network to create smaller broadcast domains in a process called subnetting. These smaller network spaces are called subnets Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7
8 Network administrators can group devices and services into subnets that are determined by: Location 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8
9 Network administrators can group devices and services into subnets that are determined by: Organizational unit Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9
10 Network administrators can group devices and services into subnets that are determined by: Device type Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10
11 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11
12 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12
13 Subnetting 10.x.0.0/16 Subnetting 10.x.x.0/ Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13
14 /25 Borrowing 1 bit from the fourth octet creates 2 subnets supporting 126 hosts each. /26 Borrowing 2 bits creates 4 subnets supporting 62 hosts each. /27 Borrowing 3 bits creates 8 subnets supporting 30 hosts each. /28 Borrowing 4 bits creates 16 subnets supporting 14 hosts each. /29 Borrowing 5 bits creates 32 subnets supporting 6 hosts each. /30 Borrowing 6 bits creates 64 subnets supporting 2 hosts each Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14
15 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15
16 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16
17 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17
18 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18
19 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19
20 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20
21 To calculate the number of subnets Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21
22 To calculate the number of hosts Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22
23 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23
24 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24
25 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25
26 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26
27 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27
28 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28
29 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29
30 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30
31 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31
32 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32
33 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33
34 Calculating Hosts 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34
35 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35
36 Two considerations when planning subnets: The number of host addresses required for each network. The number of individual subnets needed. The more bits borrowed to create subnets, the fewer host bits available Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36
37 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37
38 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38
39 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39
40 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40
41 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 41
42 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42
43 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 43
44 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44
45 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 45
46 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 46
47 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 47
48 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 48
49 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 49
50 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50
51 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Implement a VLSM addressing scheme Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 51
52 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 52
53 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 53
54 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 54
55 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 55
56 Upon completion of this section, you should be able to: Explain how to implement IPv6 address assignments in a business network Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 56
57 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57
58 The IPv6 global unicast address normally consists of a /48 global routing prefix, a 16 bit subnet ID, and a 64 bit interface ID Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58
59 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 59
60 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 60
61 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 61
62 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 62
63 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 63
64 Chapter Objectives: Implement an IPv4 addressing scheme to enable end-to-end connectivity in a small to medium-sized business network. Given a set of requirements, implement a VLSM addressing scheme to provide connectivity to end users in a small to medium-sized network. Explain design considerations for implementing IPv6 in a business network Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 64
65 Thank you.
Chapter 8: Subnetting IP Networks CCENT Routing and Switching Introduction to Networks v6.0
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95 Chapter 7 TCP/IP Protocol Suite and IP Addressing This chapter presents an overview of the TCP/IP Protocol Suite. It starts with the history and future of TCP/IP, compares the TCP/IP protocol model