DASH7 Alliance Protocol

Transcription

1 DASH7 Alliance Protocol D7A Meeting Paris June 16 th, 2014 Yordan Tabakov PAG Chair

2 ORIGINES The DASH7 Alliance Protocol originates from ISO/IEC ISO/IEC is an standard describing diverse RFID technologies, each a unique frequency range. ISO/IEC («dash 7») describes the parameters for air interface at 433 MHz ( ) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 2

3 OPEN WSN STANDARD The DASH7 Alliance enhanced ISO to Ultra Low Power Long Range WSN. Low cost The DASH7 Alliance is working on the expansion of the air interface to all sub- GHz ISM bands. Open Standard Very Low Power Today D7A is evolving as an independent Open Standard for Wireless Sensor Networks. Long Range DASH7 Alliance Protocol 3

4 HISTORY Jan 2009 Mar 2009 Apr 2011 Jul 2013 Dec 2013 June 2014 DASH7 Alliance Protocol 4

5 B.L.A.S.T. Networking Technology Bursty: Data transfer is abrupt and does not include content such as video, audio, or other isochronous forms of data Light: For most packet sizes are limited to 256 bytes. Transmission of packets may occur but is generally avoided if possible. Asynchronous: DASH7's main method of is by command- response, which by design requires no periodic network "hand- shaking" or between devices. Stealth: DASH7 does not use discovery beacons, end nodes can chose to respond only to pre- approved devices. TransiHonal: A DASH7 system of devices is inherently mobile or transi@onal. Unlike other wireless technologies DASH7 is upload- centric, not download- centric, thus devices do not need to be managed extensively by fixed infrastructure (i.e. base sta@ons) to respond only to pre- approved devices. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 5

6 TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON DASH7 Alliance Protocol 6

7 TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON (2) Star Tree Mesh Passive RFID Tags can only be read in the immediate proximity of a reader AcHve RFID Longer range interrogators - Master/Slave DASH7 Simple rou@ng (2 hops) Subcontrollers are powered but only a few are needed Tag- to- Tag & Tag- Talk- First Distance Complexity Energy Latency MESH Range depends on number of router nodes Conges@on - Rou@ng complexity - Latency Routers need to be powered Each hop consumes energy DASH7 Alliance Protocol 7

8 TECHNOLOGY COMPARISON (3) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 8

9 D7A PROTOCOL. Data Elements Management API optimized for RFID & Sensor Data Elements with Notification & Access Properties. Event-driven session stack. Smart Addressing (by property) Master, Tag-to-tag, Tag-talk-first Two hops, fixed & mobile nodes Asynchronous WSN MAC. Operating in any sub-ghz ISM band DASH7 Alliance Protocol 9

10 NODE TYPES ENDPOINT (tag or slave) Ultra-low power device, powered by battery or Energy-harvesting. Wakes-up to scan for incoming requests or to report events. May have reduced feature set. SUBCONTROLLER (hop relay) Similar to the endpoint, but may enable temporarily gateway services (switch from scan to always-on). Has full feature set. GATEWAY (master) Grid-powered, always-on device. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 10

11 PHY - Spectrum and Modulation ISM 433 : MHz 2- GFSK modula@on 8 non overlapping normal rate channels (55 kbs) 7 hi- rate channels (4 non overlapping) (200 kbs) Proposal for 16 low- rate channels (13 kbs) ISM 868 : MHz (TBD) 2- GFSK modula@on Proposal 3 non overlapping normal rate channels (55 kbs) DASH7 Alliance Protocol 11

12 PHY - DASH7 band available worldwide DASH7 Alliance Protocol 12

13 PHY - Frequency vs Range DASH7 Alliance Protocol 13

14 Data Link Asynchronous Communication D7A asynchronous communication using the D7AAdvP advertisement protocol DASH7 Alliance Protocol 14

15 Transport Smart Addressing Address by properhes Look for a sensor type or property or a condi@on among the responders rather than its ID. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 15

16 Transport Addressing Scopes Request 0 Global Resp Resp Responses from: Global Addressed Hosts Resp Request 1 Local Resp Resp Responses from: Local1 Addressed Hosts Request 2 Local Global Query : all nodes with a temperature sensor Responses : All temperature sensor nodes respond All nodes listen on Local Query 1 Nodes with temperature above 15 C Responses : Nodes complying to the condi@on respond. All nodes listen on Local Query 2 Nodes with temperature below 0 C Responses : Nodes complying to the condi@on respond. All nodes listen on DASH7 Alliance Protocol 16

17 Session - Communication Models Poll to obtain tag sensor data Unsolicited - Tag Talk First Tag- to- Tag At an endnode can communicate to another endnode.e.g. Proximity based events can trigger communica@on DASH7 Alliance Protocol 17

18 Session Types A Push Session has to be ac@vated as soon as possible. Requester contacts the Addressee ASAP. A Pull Session can tolerate an ac@va@on period. The session is ac@vated if the Addressee spontaneously contacts the Requester during the period. It is transformed into a Push Session ager the period. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 18

19 Data Elements Any applicahon achon, data exchange method or protocol is mapped into manipulahon of D7A Data Elements and their properhes. Data Elements contain D7A mandatory or parameters, or user- defined data. To every Data Element is associated a number of properhes, such as storage class, permissions and no@fica@on, composing together a D7A File. DASH7 Alliance Protocol 19

20 Data Elements Notifications D7A defines a generic method for repor@ng Data Element informa@on based on the No@fica@on Mechanism. The No@fica@on parameters define the events and condi@ons that trigger an over- the- air announcement of the Data Element. A trigger condi@ons may be a modifica@on of the Data Element. A trigger condi@on can be stored in a NoHficaHon File. It can be seen as pre- stored Transport Request (avoid polling, use tag- talk- first ). DASH7 Alliance Protocol 20

21 DLL & Network Security D7A defines of DLL frames through AES Network Layer templates provide bihields for security protocol DASH7 Alliance Protocol 21

22 THANK YOU Yordan Tabakov PAG Chair DASH7 Alliance Protocol 22

23 Low Cost Large Number Of Nodes Low Bitrate Open Standard Very Low Power Long Range Security Privacy DASH7 Alliance Protocol 23