UAVs as Communications Routing Nodes in Network-Centric Warfare

Transcription

1 UAVs as Communications Routing Nodes in Network-Centric Warfare AUVSI s Unmanned Systems 2003 Symposium & Exhibition July 15-17, 17, 2003 Baltimore Convention Center Peter Rigstad L-3 3 Communications Systems West Salt Lake City, Utah peter.m.rigstad@l-3com.com

2 Agenda Introduction Common Data Link Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as Communications Nodes Data Network Protocols Managing the UAV Platform in an Autonomous, Self-Healing Network Summary 2

3 L-3 3 Communications Systems-West High speed wireless data links High bandwidth and robust operation in hostile environments Enabling fast decision loops Multiplying force effectiveness Data links become increasingly valuable 3

4 Linking Sensors and Shooters Information grid Sensor grid Shooter grid 4

5 Network Centric Warfare 5

6 Evolving CDL Specifications U.S. AIR FORCE A-CDL MP-CDL CDL/TCDL SE-CDL 6

7 CDL Interoperability Air Force Jam Resistant Covert (LPI & LPD) Reliable and Effective CDL CDL CDL CDL Navy Army 7

8 Simple Point to Point Data Link Sensor Data Direct flight maneuver control Sensor Data Sensor Airborne SATCOM Data Link Air-to-Satellite-to-Surface waveform Surface SATCOM Exploitation Cmd and Control Airborne Line-of-Sight Data Link Air-to-Ground waveform Surface Data Link Command and Control 8

9 CDL Data Links to Data Networks Layer 7 Application Layer 6 Presentation Layer 5 Session Layer 4 Transport Layer 3 Network Layer 2 Data Link Layer 1 Physical Legacy CDL: Government Standard Waveforms for Wideband Point to Point Data Links Encoders Interleavers Muxing Spreading Bit Timing Link Margins Tracking Bulk Encryption Modulation AGC CDL (2001): Government Standard Waveforms and Protocols for Wideband Network Centric Communication Systems Layer 7 Application Layer 6 Presentation Layer 5 Session Layer 4 Transport Layer 3 Network Layer 2 Data Link Layer 1 Physical Standard Data Formats SNMP System Control IP Mobility TCP/UDP Network Security Network Manager IP Routing Ethernet User IF ATM User IF High Speed Switching The information contained herein is generally accessible or available to the public as described in the ITAR 22CFR

10 Data Links to Data Networks Migration Data Link Layer Physical Layer User Data Link Control EFC/EFD Legacy IF Muxing/Int Coding Mod/Demod RF Media Data Link Control EFC/EFD User Legacy IF Muxing/Int Coding Mod/Demod RF Media Application Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer USER DATA TRAFFIC IP Network Framing RF Media SNMP UDP IP EFC/ EFD UDP IP EFC/ EFD RF Media SNMP v1-3 IP Interoperability Layer 3 Mobile Routing Network Framing Layer 2 Switching RF Media UDP IP EFC/ EFD Airborne Side Surface Side User Side Mobile Node Open Systems Interconnect Reference Model Supporting a DoD Network-Centric Transformational Communications Strategy 10

11 UAV Relay Data rates range from 2 Mbps to 1Gbps 11

12 Communications Communications Trunk Trunk UAV Relay 12 Data Data Relay Relay Low power radio relay

13 UAV Relay Direct Low power radio relay 13

14 UAV as Surrogate Satellite 14

15 UAV Communications Bridge Radio Type 1 Voice over IP Gateway Network Router Voice over IP Gateway Radio Type 2 Deep reconnaissance missions Supports dissimilar radios Provides line of sight extensions 15

16 UAV Broadcasting Au di o ret urn lin k Broadcasting with a high powered transmitter Situational awareness data Manpack Interactive conference Video Broadcast 16

17 Networking UAV Payloads Remote network equipment or payload sensor management and monitoring Can implement standard user control interfaces such as HP OpenView In flight maintenance actions from anywhere on the network Data Link Terminal Network Interface and Routing Network Management :Camera >Start Cleared for Public Domain Release by Directorate for Freedom of Information and Security Review (DFOISR) 00-S

18 U.S. AIR FORCE RF Media Access Manager Relative node position calculations Antenna pointing Channel assignments Handles a hostile environment recognizing jamming and physical assault Link outage management Topology Management Quick Convergence 18

19 Complementary Layers 19

20 Emerging NCW Technologies Software Programmable Data Links Multi-beam Antennas Smaller, Lighter Communications Equipment Lower Power Consumption More Secure Communications Easier to Manage Links Self Healing Networks Automatic Network Discovery with Authentication Seamless Roaming Constant Connectivity 20

21 Summary UAVs ISR & C Platforms Move the switching and routing backbone into the sky Flexible Reliable Durable Manageable Easier to deploy Connects widely dispersed forces Covers fast-paced operations No ground backbone to maneuver 21

22 Backup Slides 22

23 UAV as a Gateway Control Plane Control Plane Application (SNMP) Presentation Session Application (SNMP) Presentation Session Enables communications between different networks Can be different Protocols / Frame Types Transport Transport Data Plane Network Data Link Could be a different waveform (frequency and/or modulation) Physical Physical Provides an interface between IP networks and legacy systems Reformat non-network network data into IP data flows Necessary to support gradual introduction and evolution strategy 23

24 U.S. AIR FORCE Notional Communications Gateway Provide Interoperability between Tactical & ISR Systems Software Programmable Implementation WDL JTIDS MP-CDL TTNT 24

25 UAV as a Router Control Plane Control Plane Application (SNMP) Application (SNMP) Presentation Presentation Session Session Transport Transport Enables communications between different networks Can be different Protocols / Frame Types text Data Plane Network Data Link Physical Physical U.S. AIR FORCE text UAV provides high-speed IP routing across multiple links and multiple channels, and is an enabler for building larger wireless radio networks between dissimilar networks Manages Data Flow 25