Experimental Assessment of Media Synchronization Quality in IEEE b under Bluetooth Interference

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Experimental Assessment of Media Synchronization Quality in IEEE b under Bluetooth Interference"

Transcription

1 Experimental Assessment of Media Synchronization Quality in IEEE b under Bluetooth Interference Masami KATO, Hirotsugu OKURA, Kiyoshige ITO and Shuji TASAKA Digital Systems Development Center BU, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SANYO Electric Co., Ltd., Gifu , Japan Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya , Japan {kato, {sekureto, Abstract This paper assesses the media synchronization quality of audio-video transmission over the IEEE b wireless LAN under Bluetooth interference by experiment. In this situation, the temporal constraints of audio and video may be disturbed, since the Bluetooth interference cause delay jitter due to retransmission and carrier sensing in the MAC layer of IEEE b. In the experiment, a media server transfers stored video and audio streams to a mobile terminal over an IEEE b wireless LAN; as radio interference from Bluetooth, two other terminals transmit data over Bluetooth at the same time. We examine the influence of Bluetooth on the audio-video transmission over IEEE b in terms of the Bluetooth signal level and its data load. We also apply a media synchronization control scheme and confirm its effectiveness. Keywords; Media Synchronization, IEEE b, Bluetooth, Interference, Continuous Media transmission I. INTRODUCTION Personal wireless networks such as wireless local area networks (WLANs) and wireless personal area networks (WPANs) come into wide use. The WLAN can provide highspeed wireless access to the Internet at home, at office and in hot spot outdoor areas. The WPAN can offer the connectivity between mobile terminals and their peripheral equipments by short-range wireless links. These two different personal wireless networks are required to realize various kinds of applications in ubiquitous networking environments. There are two major personal wireless network technologies using the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band: IEEE b WLAN [1] and Bluetooth [2], which is a famous one of WPANs. These two systems adopt different media access control (MAC) protocols and different spread spectrum techniques from each other. IEEE b is based on carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) with a direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique. On the other hand, Bluetooth operates under a time division duplex (TDD) polling scheme with a frequency hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technique. However, the interference between the two can occur because both operate in the same frequency band of 2.4 GHz. The interference may cause delay jitter due to retransmission in each MAC layer. Moreover, Bluetooth may degrade the performance of IEEE b WLANs, since IEEE b devices sense radio carriers of Bluetooth and postpone their transmissions; this leads to delay jitter. In the case of continuous media transmission (such as audio-video transmission) over the IEEE b WLAN, the delay jitter due to the interference from Bluetooth can disturb the temporal constraints of audio and video. In order to obtain excellent quality of the media at the destination, we need to keep the temporal constraints of these streams. That is, we must achieve two types of media synchronization: intra-stream synchronization and inter-stream synchronization [3]-[5]. The former is for preservation of the temporal constraints within each media stream, while the latter is for keeping the temporal relationships among multiple media streams. Lip synch, which adjusts the output timing between spoken voice and the movement of the speaker's lips, is a typical example. A variety of studies on media synchronization control schemes have already been reported [3]. Among them, the Virtual Time Rendering () algorithm [5] is an effective one that is applicable to various network environments. We can find several researches on the interference problem between IEEE b WLANs and Bluetooth in the literature [6]-[9]. In [6], the influence of Bluetooth on the throughput in the WLAN is examined only by simulation. In [7] through [9], the interference between the two is evaluated by experiment. However, these researches used performance measures only at packet-level such as throughput, delay and error rate; they did not assess the media synchronization quality. The media synchronization quality of continuous media transmission over WLANs or Bluetooth has already been evaluated. In [] through [12], Tasaka et al. examine the media synchronization quality in WLANs, but they do not discuss radio interference of any other wireless networks. In [13] and [14], Okura et al. evaluate the media synchronization quality in Bluetooth with white noise, which simulates interference from DSSS systems; however, they do not assess the quality in the IEEE b WLAN under Bluetooth interference. In this paper, we assess the media synchronization quality of continuous media transmission over the IEEE b WLAN under Bluetooth interference by experiment. In the experiment, a media server transfers stored video and audio streams to a mobile terminal over an IEEE b WLAN. As radio interference from Bluetooth, two other terminals transmit data over Bluetooth at the same time. We examine the influence of the signal level of Bluetooth, as well as the interference data load over Bluetooth, on the audio-video transmission. We also apply the algorithm as a media synchronization scheme and confirm its effectiveness. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section II describes the specifications of the IEEE b WLAN and Bluetooth. It also presents the media synchronization scheme used in the experiment. Section III explains the experimental

2 methodology. Section IV shows and discusses experimental results. II. IEEE B WLAN AND BLUETOOTH A. IEEE b WLAN The IEEE b WLAN is based on CSMA/CA with a DSSS technique. Fourteen RF channels with the bandwidth of 22 MHz each are placed at between GHz and GHz. Therefore, IEEE b can be affected by other wireless network systems and microwave ovens using the same ISM band. IEEE b has multiple transmission rate capabilities; 1, 2, 5.5 and 11 Mb/s, which employ different modulation schemes. It allows the implementation to perform dynamic rate switching with the objective of improving performance. The algorithm for performing the rate switching is outside the scope of the standard. The MAC sublayer defines the distributed coordination function (DCF) and the point coordination function (PCF). DCF is a fundamental access method, which is well known as CSMA/CA. PCF is an optional one, which is based on a polling scheme. In this paper, only DCF is treated. DCF enables automatic medium sharing through the use of the CSMA/CA and a random backoff time following a busy medium condition. In addition, immediate positive acknowledgment (ACK) is used; the sender schedules retransmission, if no ACK is received. B. Bluetooth Bluetooth operates under a TDD polling scheme with a FHSS technique; the time slot duration is 625 µs, and 79 RF hopping channels are placed at between GHz and GHz with 1 MHz step. Bluetooth attempts to avoid interference by hopping to a new frequency after transmitting or receiving a packet. It should be noted that Bluetooth does not support carrier sensing. Then, Bluetooth may affect other wireless network systems with the same ISM band. Two or more Bluetooth units participating in the same piconet are time- and hop-synchronized; one Bluetooth unit acts as the master of the piconet and controls the communications, whereas the other units behaves as slaves. The master and slaves alternately transmit the packets using either one, three or five time slots. Bluetooth specifies the Asynchronous Connectionless (ACL) link for data transfer. Seven kinds of packets in the ACL link are defined: DM1, DH1, DM3, DH3, DM5, DH5 and AUX1. DM and DH stand for Data Medium rate and Data High rate, respectively. They differ from each other in the kind of error control applied and the number of time slots occupied by a packet. In the experiment in this paper, only the DM1 packet is used. The maximum data rate of the DM1 packet is 8.8 kb/s. C. Basic concept of the algorithm We next present the basic concept of the algorithm, which is applied as a media synchronization scheme in this paper. The temporal structure of continuous media can be disturbed by various causes; in best-effort networks like the Internet and DCF based IEEE WLANs, network delay jitter is a dominant one. In this case, we can achieve media synchronization by absorbing the jitter at the destination. This is carried out by buffering the information unit such as a video frame or a voice packet, which is referred to as an MU (Media Unit), for an appropriate period of time. It is clear that the period of time should be the maximum delay jitter. However, we cannot necessarily set the buffering time to this value, because getting the exact value in the best-effort networks is very hard, and even if we can know it, setting the value may destroy the real time property. The media synchronization algorithm [5] assumes no exact knowledge of the network delay jitter and adaptively changes the buffering time according to the amount of delay jitter of MUs received at the destination and MU loss. Initially, the buffering time is set to a rough estimate of the maximum delay jitter, which is denoted by J max ; after the first MU is received, it can be changed by the modification of the target output time, which is the time when the destination should output an MU. The application form of the modification depends on the kind of media treated, i.e., stored or live. In the case of stored media, the target output time is put backward only; this means increase in the buffering time. On the other hand, live media need both forward and backward movement, since the real time property must be preserved. For live media, we can set the maximum allowable delay al so that the modification of the target output time does not make MU delay exceed this limit. In this paper, we transfer stored audio and video over an IEEE b WLAN. A video frame is defined as a video MU, and an audio packet consisting of a constant number of audio samples as an audio MU. Audio is selected as the master stream and video as the slave stream, which is synchronized to the master. This is because audio is more sensitive to intra stream synchronization error than video. Only the master stream can modify the target output time for itself, and accordingly the slave stream modifies it by the same amount at the same time. III. EXPERIMENTAL METHODOLOGIES This section describes the configuration of the experimental system, experimental conditions and performance measures used in the experiment. A. Experimental System We developed an experimental system shown in Fig. 1; it is composed of a media server, an IEEE b access point, a client terminal with an IEEE b PC card, two data terminals (DT1 and DT2) each with a Bluetooth unit, and a simulated wireless environment.

3 As for the IEEE b WLAN system, the media server (Pentium IV 1.7GHz, RedHat Linux7.3) stores a MPEG-1 video file and the corresponding G.711 µ-law audio file; it sends out the video and audio streams to the client terminal (Pentium III 1GHz, RedHat Linux7.3) on demand by UDP. The media server is connected to the IEEE b access point (MELCO Inc., WLA-L11G) by a 0BASE-T Ethernet. The access point and the client terminal with the PC card (Agere Systems Inc., ORiNOCO Gold PC Card) communicate with each other over the IEEE b WLAN. From among the 14 RF channels, we have selected channel 1, whose center frequency is GHz. The nominal output power is 15 dbm, and no power control scheme is applied. As for the Bluetooth system, DT1 (Celeron 700MHz, RedHat Linux7.1) sends a data load as interference traffic to DT2 (Pentium IV 1.5GHz, RedHat Linux7.3) by only DM1 packets over a Bluetooth link. Note that no IP protocol is applied in this link; the Bluetooth link emulates a serial cable connection. DT1 and DT2 are connected to individual Bluetooth units each by a serial interface, whose speed is kb/s. The Bluetooth unit has a Bluetooth module (ERICSSON, ROK 1 007), whose maximum output power is 4 dbm. The simulated wireless environment consists of power dividers/combiners (PD/C) and variable attenuators, all of which are connected together with coaxial cables. The output of the access point is input to a variable attenuator that can change the attenuation by db in the range from 0 to 121. Also, the output of Bluetooth unit with DT1 is input to another Media Server IEEE b Access Point DT1 Ethernet Simulated Wireless Environment Serial Interface Figure 1. TABLE I. item coding scheme image size Picture pattern average MU size Bluetooth Unit original average MU rate original average bit rate original recording time Variable ATT Power Divider / Combiner Variable ATT Power Divider / Combiner Data : Coaxial Cable ATT : Attenuator Client Terminal IEEE b PCMCIA Card Bluetooth Unit SPECIFICATION OF AUDIO AND VIDEO. audio ITU-T G.711 µ-law bytes 8 MU/s 64 kb/s Audio & Video Spectrum Analyzer Protocol Analyzer Configuration of the experimental system. 90 s video MPEG x 240 pixels DT2 IBBPBBPBBPBBPBB 5000 bytes 20 MU/s 533 kb/s variable attenuator. The output signals of the two attenuators are combined at a PD/C. The mixed signal is divided at another PD/C among the client terminal, DT2, a protocol analyzer (WildPackets Inc., AiroPeek NX) and a spectrum analyzer. The protocol analyzer captures packets over IEEE b and displays some kinds of statistics such as the number of packets with CRC error, the number of packets sent with each transmission rate, and so on. The spectrum analyzer measures signal levels of IEEE b and Bluetooth. In the experiment, we adjusted the two variable attenuators. In order to control the received signal level of Bluetooth at the client terminal, we changed the value of the attenuator connected to the Bluetooth unit. We also adjusted the other attenuator so that the received signal level of IEEE b at the client terminal can be high enough for its internal thermal noise to be negligible. Thus we have set the received peak signal level of IEEE b to about 45.6 dbm in the center frequency. It should be noted that owing to the configuration of the PD/C, the client terminal can sense signals transmitted by DT1 as interference, while it cannot receive signals sent by DT2. In the same way, the access point perceives interference signals from DT2, while it does not notice signals from DT1. B. Conditions of the experiment We assessed the media synchronization quality of the audio-video transmission over the IEEE b WLAN under Bluetooth interference by changing the interference signal level of Bluetooth or the interference data load over Bluetooth. In theses experiments, we used a lady s voice and her head view video as the audio stream and video stream, respectively. Table I shows the specifications of the audio and video. In the case of applying the algorithm for media synchronization control, we set the value of the initial buffering time J max to 0 ms. We also set the value of the maximum allowable delay al to infinity because we treat stored media in the experiment. C. Performance Measures In order to assess the quality of the media synchronization, we employ measures used in previous studies on media synchronization [4], []-[14]. For the quality assessment of intra stream synchronization for audio or video, we use the mean square error of intra stream synchronization, which is the average square of the difference between the output time of each MU and the target output time of the MU. The error represents how accurately the temporal structure of each stream is preserved. For the inter stream synchronization quality, we also use the mean square error of inter stream synchronization, which denotes the average square of the difference between the output time of each slave MU and that of the corresponding master MU plus the relative generation time of the slave MU to the master MU. We also adopt the MU loss rate, which is defined as the ratio of the number of MUs lost somewhere to the total number of MUs.

4 In addition, we employ the occupancy ratio of the transmission rate and the number of packets with CRC error as performance measures in lower layers. The former is defined as the ratio of the number of packets sent with the designated transmission rate to the total number of transmitted packets. IV. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS As mentioned earlier, we examine the influence of the interference signal level of Bluetooth and that of the interference data load over Bluetooth at the client terminal. In this section, we present the experimental results. A. Influence of the interference signal level of Bluetooth on IEEE b We first evaluate the influence of the interference signal level of Bluetooth on the audio-video transmission from a media synchronization point of view. In each figure presented below, the interference signal level of Bluetooth, which is denoted by S BT in this paper, is defined as the average of three peak signal levels which were measured by the spectrum analyzer on three hopping channels; the lowest, the middle and the highest frequency channels (i.e., 2.402, and GHz). The data load over Bluetooth was set to 90 kb/s, which implies a heavy load in the case of using only DM1 packets. We conducted the experiment five times for each symbol and plotted the average. Figures 2 and 3 display the mean square error of interstream synchronization and that of intra-stream synchronization for audio and video, respectively, as a function of S BT. In these figures, and denote the result of the system with the algorithm and the corresponding result of the system with no control, respectively. Fig. 4 shows the occupancy ratio, i.e., 11, 5.5, 2 and 1 Mb/s, which are plotted by square, triangle, circle and cross symbols, respectively. In addition, Figs. 5 and 6 present the number of packets with CRC error and the MU loss rate of video, respectively. We first notice in Figs. 2 and 3 that the mean square error of is much smaller than that of for all the values of S BT. This means that the algorithm is effective in achieving good quality of media synchronization. To examine the quality of inter-stream synchronization in more detail, we utilize Steinmetz's report on human perception of jitter [15]: A skew of less than 80 ms between audio and video (i.e., a mean square error less than 6400 ms 2 ) attains good quality of interstream synchronization, while a time difference beyond ±160 ms (a mean square error larger than ms 2 ) corresponds to asynchrony. The criteria tell us that the algorithm can attain excellent quality of inter-stream synchronization even if the value of S BT is large. In the following discussion, we focus only on ; most of the following consideration for is applicable to the case of. Note that Bluetooth interference may cause the retransmission due to bit errors, the fallback of the transmission rate and MU loss. We explain the details below. We see in Figs. 2 and 3 that the mean square error of increases as the value of S BT becomes larger. This implies that the Bluetooth interference degrades the media synchronization quality when the value of S BT becomes large. This is because the Bluetooth interference causes bit errors, which are detected as CRC errors at the client terminal (see Fig. 5). Then, the packet retransmissions due to the CRC error disturb the temporal relations. Note that in Fig. 5 the number packets with CRC error has local peaks around 52 dbm and 46 dbm, where the occupancy ratio is radically changed (see Fig. 4) as mentioned later. We also find that the two kinds of mean square errors rise up largely at two values of S BT ; one is approximately 46 dbm and the other is about 40 dbm. We first examine the system s behavior around 46 dbm. We find in Fig. 4 that the occupancy ratio of the transmission rate is radically changed around this value; the transmission rate of IEEE b falls down to 1 Mb/s from 5.5 Mb/s. Since the difference between the transmission rate of 1 Mb/s and the sum of the average bit rates for audio and video, which is approximately 600 kb/s, is comparatively small, the MU delay is often affected by the MU size. Then, MU delay jitter becomes large and disturbs the temporal relations. It should be noted that the occupancy ratio of the transmission rate is also radically changed in Fig. 4 when the value of S BT is around 52 dbm; the transmission rate of IEEE b falls down to 5.5 Mb/s from 11 Mb/s. However, the degradation of the media synchronization quality is low in this case. This is because the transmission rate is sufficiently large compared to the sum of the average bit rates for audio and video. We next consider the interval where the value of S BT is 40 dbm or more. In this situation, the media synchronization quality is largely degraded, since the MU loss occurs frequently (see Fig. 6). The reason for the MU loss is as follows. The large values of S BT force the fallback of the transmission rate to 1 Mb/s (see Fig. 4). Since the high interference signal level also makes high bit error rate, many CRC errors are detected at the client terminal (see Fig. 5); therefore, many packets are retransmitted over IEEE b. Consequently, the buffer overflow at the access point may occur. Of course, the access point may sense the Bluetooth interference signals and delay the transmissions of packets. In this configuration of the experimental system, however, note that the access point can sense the interference signal only from DT2; it cannot sense that from DT1. That is, the carrier sense at the access point is independent of the value of S BT ; only the fixed signal level from DT2 affects the carrier sense at the access point. The evaluation of the influence of the interference signal level from DT2 on the carrier sense at the access point is one of our future studies. B. Effect of the interference data load over Bluetooth on IEEE b We next evaluate the influence of the interference data load over Bluetooth. In the experiment, we varied the value of the interference data load between kb/s and 90 kb/s with kb/s step. We measured the performance for three different values

5 of S BT, 47, 46 and 45 dbm, which are plotted by circle, triangle and asterisk symbols, respectively, in each figure presented below. We have selected these three values since they are around 46 dbm where the occupancy ratio of the transmission rate is radically changed between 5.5 Mb/s and 1 Mb/s (see Fig. 4). We measured ten times for each symbol and plotted the average. We show the results of only because of limitations of space. Figures 7 and 8 show the mean square error of inter-stream synchronization and that of intra-stream synchronization for audio and video, respectively, as a function of the interference data load. Fig. 9 presents the occupancy ratio of the transmission rate over IEEE b for the three values of S BT. We see that Figs. 7 and 8 both have the same tendency for the mean square errors to increase according to the increment of the data load; the increasing rate of the error is large for S BT = 46 dbm, while it is small for S BT = 45 dbm and 47 dbm. We will explain the reason later. This result means that the interference data load causes bit errors at the client terminal and that the packet retransmission due to the CRC error disturbs the temporal relations. In addition, the access point may delay the transmissions to degrade the media synchronization quality, since it senses the interference signal from DT2 more frequently as the data load becomes heavier; DT2 sends DM1 packets with acknowledgement to DT1. We also notice in Fig. 9 that the ratio of 1 Mb/s becomes higher as the data load increases when S BT = 45 dbm and 46 dbm. This result means that the high interference data loads cause the fallback to 1 Mb/s frequently. Referring to Figs.7 through 9, we observe that when S BT = 46 dbm, not only the mean square error but also the ratio is changed largely as the data load becomes larger; the ratio of 5.5 Mb/s decreases, while the ratio of 1 Mb/s increases. On the other hand, both increase of the error and change of the ratio are small when S BT = 45 dbm and S BT = 47 dbm; the major transmission rates for S BT = 45 dbm and that for S BT = 47 dbm are 1 Mb/s and 5.5 Mb/s, respectively, for the entire data loads. The above observations indicate that the media synchronization quality largely depends on the selected transmission rates. V. COLUSIONS We assessed the media synchronization quality of audiovideo transmission over an IEEE b WLAN under Bluetooth interference by experiment. We examined the influence of the signal level of Bluetooth and that of the interference data load over Bluetooth at the client terminal. We confirmed that the Bluetooth interference degrades the media synchronization quality. The Bluetooth interference brings about the retransmission due to the CRC error, which disturb the temporal relations of audio and video. Moreover, the interference causes the fallback in IEEE b. Especially, the use of 1 Mb/s transmission rate degraded the media synchronization quality largely. Also, very strong interference signals were a major cause of the quality degradation because of the buffer overflow at the access point. We saw that the application of the algorithm is effective in achieving good quality of media synchronization under Bluetooth interference. We also observed that the interference data load over Bluetooth affects the media synchronization quality. The media synchronization quality largely depends on the selected transmission rates. The interference signal may cause the access point to delay the transmission because of carrier sensing. The systematic evaluation of the influence of the interference on the carrier sense is one of our future studies. REFEREES [1] IEEE standard b, Wireless LAN medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications, higher-speed physical layer extension in the 2.4 GHz band, Jan [2] Bluetooth SIG, Specification of the Bluetooth system version 1.1, Feb [3] Y. Ishibashi and S. Tasaka, A comparative survey of synchronization algorithms for continuous media in network environments, in Proc. IEEE LCN2000, pp , Nov [4] S. Tasaka and Y. Ishibashi, Mutually compensatory property of multimedia QoS, in Conf. Rec. IEEE ICC 2002, pp , April/May [5] Y. Ishibashi and S. Tasaka, A synchronization mechanism for continuous media in multimedia communications, in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 95, pp. 19, April [6] J. Zyren, Reliability of IEEE hi rate DSSS WLANs in a high density Bluetooth environment, in Proc.IEEE ICT 01, vol. 1, pp , June [7] M.V.S. Chandrashekhar, P. Choi, K. Maver, R. Sleber and K Pahlavan, Evaluation of interference between IEEE b and Bluetooth in a typical office environment, in Proc. IEEE PIMRC 01, pp , Sept [8] R.J. Punnoose, R.S. Tseng and D.D. Stancil, Experimental results for interference between Bluetooth and IEEE b DSSS systems, in Conf. Rec. IEEE VTC '01, vol. 1, pp , Oct [9] K. Matheus and S. Zurbes, Co-existence of Bluetooth and IEEE b WLANs: results from a radio network testbed, in Proc. IEEE PIMRC 2002, pp , Sept [] S. Tasaka, Y. Ishibashi and M. Hayashi, Inter-destination synchronization quality in an integrated wired and wireless network with handover, in Conf. Rec. IEEE GLOBECOM 2002, CQRS-05-1, Nov [11] S. Tasaka, H. Nakanishi and Y. Ishibashi, Dynamic resolution control and media synchronization of MPEG in wireless LANs, in Conf. Rec. IEEE GLOBECOM'97, pp , Nov [12] S. Tasaka, Y. Ishibashi and H. Imura, Stored media synchronization in wireless LANs, in Conf. Rec. IEEE GLOBECOM'96, pp , Nov [13] H. Okura, M. Kato and S. Tasaka, A media synchronization experiment on continuous media transmission in Bluetooth LAN access, in Proc. IEEE PIMRC 2001, pp. D-64 D-70, Sept [14] H. Okura, M. Kato and S. Tasaka, The effect of segmentation mismatch on quality of continuous media transmission by Bluetooth, in Proc. IEEE PIMRC 2002, pp , Sept [15] R. Steinmetz, Human perception of jitter and media synchronization, IEEE J. Sel. Areas in Commun., vol. 14, no. 1, pp , Jan Figure 1..

6 Mean square error of inter-stream synchronization [ms 2 ] synchronization [ms 2 ] (video) synchronization [ms 2 ] (audio) 1E+0 Figure 2. Mean square error of inter-stream synchronization 1E+5 1E+0 1E+5 (a) Video Figure 4. over IEEE b Number of packets with CRC error MU loss rate [%] (video) Figure 5. Number of packets with CRC error in IEEE b E+0 (b) Audio Figure 3. synchronization 0 Figure 6. MU loss rate of video

7 Mean square error of inter-stream synchronization [ms 2 ] synchronization [ms 2 ] (video) 45dBm 46dBm 47dBm S BT Figure 7. Mean square error of inter-stream synchronization versus data load over Bluetooth. S BT 45dBm 46dBm 47dBm (a) Video S BT = 45 dbm (a) S BT = 45 dbm (b) S BT = 46 dbm S BT = 46 dbm synchronization [ms 2 ] (audio) S BT 45dBm 46dBm 47dBm (b) Audio Figure 8. synchronization versus data load over Bluetooth. S BT = 47 dbm (c) S BT = 47 dbm Figure 9. over IEEE b versus data load over Bluetooth

Inter Destination Synchronization Schemes for Continuous Media Multicasting: An Application Level QoS Comparison in Hierarchical Networks

Inter Destination Synchronization Schemes for Continuous Media Multicasting: An Application Level QoS Comparison in Hierarchical Networks IEICE TRANS. COMMUN., VOL.E85 B, NO.1 JANUARY 2002 1 PAPER Inter Destination Synchronization Schemes for Continuous Media Multicasting: An Application Level QoS Comparison in Hierarchical Networks Toshiro

More information

e-pg Pathshala Quadrant 1 e-text

e-pg Pathshala Quadrant 1 e-text e-pg Pathshala Subject : Computer Science Module: Bluetooth Paper: Computer Networks Module No: CS/CN/37 Quadrant 1 e-text In our journey on networks, we are now exploring wireless networks. We looked

More information

THE EFFECT OF SEGMENTATION MISMATCH ON QUALITY OF CONTINUOUS MEDIA TRANSMISSION BY BLUETOOTH

THE EFFECT OF SEGMENTATION MISMATCH ON QUALITY OF CONTINUOUS MEDIA TRANSMISSION BY BLUETOOTH THE EFFECT OF SEGMENTATION MISMATCH ON QUALITY OF CONTINUOUS MEDIA TRANSMISSION BY BLUETOOTH Hirotsugu Okura, Masami Kato, and Shuji Tasaka Digital Systems Development Center, SANYO Electric Co., Ltd.,

More information

WiFi Networks: IEEE b Wireless LANs. Carey Williamson Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Winter 2018

WiFi Networks: IEEE b Wireless LANs. Carey Williamson Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Winter 2018 WiFi Networks: IEEE 802.11b Wireless LANs Carey Williamson Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Winter 2018 Background (1 of 2) In many respects, the IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN (WLAN) standard

More information

Wireless Communications

Wireless Communications 4. Medium Access Control Sublayer DIN/CTC/UEM 2018 Why do we need MAC for? Medium Access Control (MAC) Shared medium instead of point-to-point link MAC sublayer controls access to shared medium Examples:

More information

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MODIFIED BACKOFF MECHANISM FOR IEEE NETWORKS

AN ANALYSIS OF THE MODIFIED BACKOFF MECHANISM FOR IEEE NETWORKS AN ANALYSIS OF THE MODIFIED BACKOFF MECHANISM FOR IEEE 802.11 NETWORKS Marek Natkaniec, Andrzej R. Pach Department of Telecommunications University of Mining and Metallurgy al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow

More information

Medium Access Control. MAC protocols: design goals, challenges, contention-based and contention-free protocols

Medium Access Control. MAC protocols: design goals, challenges, contention-based and contention-free protocols Medium Access Control MAC protocols: design goals, challenges, contention-based and contention-free protocols 1 Why do we need MAC protocols? Wireless medium is shared Many nodes may need to access the

More information

CS263: Wireless Communications and Sensor Networks

CS263: Wireless Communications and Sensor Networks CS263: Wireless Communications and Sensor Networks Matt Welsh Lecture 6: Bluetooth and 802.15.4 October 12, 2004 2004 Matt Welsh Harvard University 1 Today's Lecture Bluetooth Standard for Personal Area

More information

Impact of IEEE n Operation on IEEE Operation

Impact of IEEE n Operation on IEEE Operation 2009 International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops Impact of IEEE 802.11n Operation on IEEE 802.15.4 Operation B Polepalli, W Xie, D Thangaraja, M Goyal, H Hosseini

More information

Inside Bluetooth. Host. Bluetooth. Module. Application RFCOMM SDP. Transport Interface. Transport Bus. Host Controller Interface

Inside Bluetooth. Host. Bluetooth. Module. Application RFCOMM SDP. Transport Interface. Transport Bus. Host Controller Interface Inside Bluetooth Application Host Application Host Audio (SCO) RFCOMM SDP Data (ACL) Control API and Legacy Support Modules Bluetooth HCI Driver Transport Interface Physical I/F Transport Bus Bluetooth

More information

A Routing Protocol and Energy Efficient Techniques in Bluetooth Scatternets

A Routing Protocol and Energy Efficient Techniques in Bluetooth Scatternets A Routing Protocol and Energy Efficient Techniques in Bluetooth Scatternets Balakrishna J. Prabhu and A. Chockalingam Department of Electrical Communication Engineering Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore

More information

Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks Wireless Sensor Networks 11th Lecture 29.11.2006 Christian Schindelhauer schindel@informatik.uni-freiburg.de 1 Bluetooth in WSN? There are several commercially available MAC protocol/products Wi-Fi Bluetooth

More information

original standard a transmission at 5 GHz bit rate 54 Mbit/s b support for 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s e QoS

original standard a transmission at 5 GHz bit rate 54 Mbit/s b support for 5.5 and 11 Mbit/s e QoS IEEE 802.11 The standard defines a wireless physical interface and the MAC layer while LLC layer is defined in 802.2. The standardization process, started in 1990, is still going on; some versions are:

More information

November 1998 doc.: IEEE /378 IEEE P Wireless LANs Extension of Bluetooth and Direct Sequence Interference Model.

November 1998 doc.: IEEE /378 IEEE P Wireless LANs Extension of Bluetooth and Direct Sequence Interference Model. IEEE P802.11 Wireless LANs Extension of Bluetooth and 802.11 Direct Sequence Interference Model Date: November 11, 1998 Author: Jim Zyren Harris Semiconductor Melbourne, FL, USA Phone: (407)729-4177 Fax:

More information

User Level QoS Assessment of a Multipoint to Multipoint TV Conferencing Application over IP Networks

User Level QoS Assessment of a Multipoint to Multipoint TV Conferencing Application over IP Networks User Level QoS Assessment of a Multipoint to Multipoint TV Conferencing Application over IP Networks Yoshihiro Ito and Shuji Tasaka Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering

More information

Data Link Layer Technologies

Data Link Layer Technologies Chapter 2.2 La 2 Data Link La Technologies 1 Content Introduction La 2: Frames Error Handling 2 Media Access Control General approaches and terms Aloha Principles CSMA, CSMA/CD, CSMA / CA Master-Slave

More information

Experimental Validation of a Coexistence Model of IEEE and IEEE b/g Networks

Experimental Validation of a Coexistence Model of IEEE and IEEE b/g Networks Experimental Validation of a Coexistence Model of IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11b/g Networks Wei Yuan, Xiangyu Wang, Jean-Paul M. G. Linnartz and Ignas G. M. M. Niemegeers Philips Research, High Tech Campus

More information

Performance analysis of Internet applications over an adaptive IEEE MAC architecture

Performance analysis of Internet applications over an adaptive IEEE MAC architecture Journal of the Franklin Institute 343 (2006) 352 360 www.elsevier.com/locate/jfranklin Performance analysis of Internet applications over an adaptive IEEE 802.11 MAC architecture Uthman Baroudi, Mohammed

More information

Tools for Evaluating Bluetooth Coexistence with Other 2.4GHz ISM Devices

Tools for Evaluating Bluetooth Coexistence with Other 2.4GHz ISM Devices Tools for Evaluating Bluetooth Coexistence with Other 2.4GHz ISM Devices Ivan Howitt, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee Jose Gutierrez, Eaton Corporation Innovation Center Vinay Mitter, University of Wisconsin

More information

Computer Networks. Wireless LANs

Computer Networks. Wireless LANs Computer Networks Wireless LANs Mobile Communication Technology according to IEEE (examples) Local wireless networks WLAN 802.11 Personal wireless nw WPAN 802.15 WiFi 802.11a 802.11b 802.11h 802.11i/e/

More information

Delivering Voice over IEEE WLAN Networks

Delivering Voice over IEEE WLAN Networks Delivering Voice over IEEE 802.11 WLAN Networks Al Petrick, Jim Zyren, Juan Figueroa Harris Semiconductor Palm Bay Florida Abstract The IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN standard was developed primarily for packet

More information

Outline. Performance Evaluation of Traffic in a Interfering Wireless LANs Environment for Bluetooth and IEEE

Outline. Performance Evaluation of Traffic in a Interfering Wireless LANs Environment for Bluetooth and IEEE Performance Evaluation of Traffic in a Interfering Wireless LANs Environment for Bluetooth and IEEE 82.11 Wuyi YUE, Koichi HATOGAI, Koji MIYAZAKI and Shinya OOKA Department of Information Science and Systems

More information

Guide to Wireless Communications, 3 rd Edition. Objectives

Guide to Wireless Communications, 3 rd Edition. Objectives Guide to Wireless Communications, 3 rd Edition Chapter 5 Wireless Personal Area Networks Objectives Describe a wireless personal area network (WPAN) List the different WPAN standards and their applications

More information

Experimental Study on Co-existence of b with Alien Devices

Experimental Study on Co-existence of b with Alien Devices Experimental Study on Co-existence of 8.b with Alien Devices Javier del Prado and Sunghyun Choi Philips Research Briarcliff USA, Briarcliff Manor, New York Email: {javier.delprado,sunghyun.choi}@philips.com

More information

A cluster based interference mitigation scheme for performance enhancement in IEEE

A cluster based interference mitigation scheme for performance enhancement in IEEE 756 Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research J SCI IND RES VOL 7 SEPTEMBER 2 Vol. 7, September 2, pp. 756-76 A cluster based interference mitigation scheme for performance enhancement in IEEE 82.5.4

More information

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Computer Networks: Wireless Networks 1

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Computer Networks: Wireless Networks 1 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs)) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Computer Networks: Wireless Networks 1 Wireless Local Area Networks The proliferation of laptop computers and other mobile devices

More information

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Primer. Computer Networks: Wireless LANs

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Primer. Computer Networks: Wireless LANs Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Primer 1 Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) The proliferation of laptop computers and other mobile devices (PDAs and cell phones)

More information

Topics for Today. More on Ethernet. Wireless LANs Readings. Topology and Wiring Switched Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet. 4.3 to 4.

Topics for Today. More on Ethernet. Wireless LANs Readings. Topology and Wiring Switched Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet. 4.3 to 4. Topics for Today More on Ethernet Topology and Wiring Switched Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Wireless LANs Readings 4.3 to 4.4 1 Original Ethernet Wiring Heavy coaxial cable, called thicknet,

More information

Performance Evaluation of Bluetooth Links in the Presence of Specific Types of Interference

Performance Evaluation of Bluetooth Links in the Presence of Specific Types of Interference Vol:1, No:3, 27 Performance Evaluation of Bluetooth Links in the Presence of Specific Types of Interference Radosveta Sokullu and Engin Karatepe International Science Index, Electrical and Computer Engineering

More information

An Efficient Tool for the Evaluation of the Impact of WiFi Interference on Bluetooth Performance

An Efficient Tool for the Evaluation of the Impact of WiFi Interference on Bluetooth Performance 1 An Efficient Tool for the Evaluation of the Impact of WiFi Interference on Bluetooth Performance Madani Zeghdoud 1, Pascal Cordier 1, and Michel Terré 2 1 France Telecom R&D, Issy les Moulineaux, France.

More information

Advanced Computer Networks WLAN

Advanced Computer Networks WLAN Advanced Computer Networks 263 3501 00 WLAN Patrick Stuedi Spring Semester 2014 1 Oriana Riva, Department of Computer Science ETH Zürich Last week Outlook Medium Access COPE Short Range Wireless Networks:

More information

By N.Golmie Presented by: Sushanth Divvela

By N.Golmie Presented by: Sushanth Divvela By N.Golmie Presented by: Sushanth Divvela 1 Agenda Introduction WPAN WLAN Simulation Models Simulation results Concluding remarks 2 Introduc.on Coexistence of WPAN and WLAN Performance evaluation WLAN

More information

Mobile Communications Chapter 7: Wireless LANs

Mobile Communications Chapter 7: Wireless LANs Characteristics IEEE 802.11 PHY MAC Roaming IEEE 802.11a, b, g, e HIPERLAN Bluetooth Comparisons Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jochen Schiller, http://www.jochenschiller.de/ MC SS02 7.1 Comparison: infrastructure vs.

More information

EVALUATION OF EDCF MECHANISM FOR QoS IN IEEE WIRELESS NETWORKS

EVALUATION OF EDCF MECHANISM FOR QoS IN IEEE WIRELESS NETWORKS MERL A MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC RESEARCH LABORATORY http://www.merl.com EVALUATION OF EDCF MECHANISM FOR QoS IN IEEE802.11 WIRELESS NETWORKS Daqing Gu and Jinyun Zhang TR-2003-51 May 2003 Abstract In this paper,

More information

Computer Communication III

Computer Communication III Computer Communication III Wireless Media Access IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Advantages of Wireless LANs Using the license free ISM band at 2.4 GHz no complicated or expensive licenses necessary very cost

More information

CSC344 Wireless and Mobile Computing. Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology

CSC344 Wireless and Mobile Computing. Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology CSC344 Wireless and Mobile Computing Department of Computer Science COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) Part I Almost all wireless LANs now are IEEE 802.11

More information

Data Communications. Data Link Layer Protocols Wireless LANs

Data Communications. Data Link Layer Protocols Wireless LANs Data Communications Data Link Layer Protocols Wireless LANs Wireless Networks Several different types of communications networks are using unguided media. These networks are generally referred to as wireless

More information

Guide to Wireless Communications, Third Edition. Objectives

Guide to Wireless Communications, Third Edition. Objectives Guide to Wireless Communications, Third Edition Chapter 7 Low-Speed Wireless Local Area Networks Objectives Describe how WLANs are used List the components and modes of a WLAN Describe how an RF WLAN works

More information

Payload Length and Rate Adaptation for Throughput Optimization in Wireless LANs

Payload Length and Rate Adaptation for Throughput Optimization in Wireless LANs Payload Length and Rate Adaptation for Throughput Optimization in Wireless LANs Sayantan Choudhury and Jerry D. Gibson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Califonia, Santa Barbara

More information

Wireless LAN. Access Point. Provides network connectivity over wireless media

Wireless LAN. Access Point. Provides network connectivity over wireless media LAN Technologies 802.11 Wireless LAN Network connectivity to the legacy wired LAN Access Point Desktop with PCI 802.11 LAN card Laptop with PCMCIA 802.11 LAN card Provides network connectivity over wireless

More information

PROPOSAL OF MULTI-HOP WIRELESS LAN SYSTEM FOR QOS GUARANTEED TRANSMISSION

PROPOSAL OF MULTI-HOP WIRELESS LAN SYSTEM FOR QOS GUARANTEED TRANSMISSION PROPOSAL OF MULTI-HOP WIRELESS LAN SYSTEM FOR QOS GUARANTEED TRANSMISSION Phuc Khanh KIEU, Shinichi MIYAMOTO Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-871 JAPAN

More information

Wireless Local Area Networks. Networks: Wireless LANs 1

Wireless Local Area Networks. Networks: Wireless LANs 1 Wireless Local Area Networks Networks: Wireless LANs 1 Wireless Local Area Networks The proliferation of laptop computers and other mobile devices (PDAs and cell phones) created an obvious application

More information

Local Area Networks NETW 901

Local Area Networks NETW 901 Local Area Networks NETW 901 Lecture 6 IEEE 802.15.1 - Bluetooth Course Instructor: Dr.-Ing. Maggie Mashaly maggie.ezzat@guc.edu.eg C3.220 1 The 802.15 Family Target environment: communication of personal

More information

Wireless LAN -Architecture

Wireless LAN -Architecture Wireless LAN -Architecture IEEE has defined the specifications for a wireless LAN, called IEEE 802.11, which covers the physical and data link layers. Basic Service Set (BSS) Access Point (AP) Distribution

More information

Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering

Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Technical Report MECSE-6-2006 Medium Access Control (MAC) Schemes for Quality of Service (QoS) provision of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

More information

Amarjeet Singh. February 7, 2012

Amarjeet Singh. February 7, 2012 Amarjeet Singh February 7, 2012 References Bluetooth Protocol Architecture v.1 www.bluetooth.org http://www.tutorial-reports.com/wireless/bluetooth/ Slides from last class uploaded on the course website

More information

Lecture 16: QoS and "

Lecture 16: QoS and Lecture 16: QoS and 802.11" CSE 123: Computer Networks Alex C. Snoeren HW 4 due now! Lecture 16 Overview" Network-wide QoS IntServ DifServ 802.11 Wireless CSMA/CA Hidden Terminals RTS/CTS CSE 123 Lecture

More information

Local Area Networks NETW 901

Local Area Networks NETW 901 Local Area Networks NETW 901 Lecture 4 Wireless LAN Course Instructor: Dr.-Ing. Maggie Mashaly maggie.ezzat@guc.edu.eg C3.220 1 Contents What is a Wireless LAN? Applications and Requirements Transmission

More information

Enhancing the DCF mechanism in noisy environment

Enhancing the DCF mechanism in noisy environment Enhancing the DCF mechanism in noisy environment 1 LICP EA 2175 Université de Cergy-Pontoise 3 Av Adolph Chauvin 9532 Cergy-Pontoise France Email: {adlen.ksentini, mohamed.naimi}@dept-info.u-cergy.fr Adlen

More information

CS4/MSc Computer Networking. Lecture 13: Personal Area Networks Bluetooth

CS4/MSc Computer Networking. Lecture 13: Personal Area Networks Bluetooth CS4/MSc Computer Networking Lecture 13: Personal Area Networks Bluetooth Computer Networking, Copyright University of Edinburgh 2005 BlueTooth Low cost wireless connectivity for Personal Area Networks

More information

Wireless Communication and Networking CMPT 371

Wireless Communication and Networking CMPT 371 Wireless Communication and Networking CMPT 371 Wireless Systems: AM, FM Radio TV Broadcast Satellite Broadcast 2-way Radios Cordless Phones Satellite Links Mobile Telephony Systems Wireless Local Loop

More information

Bluetooth: Short-range Wireless Communication

Bluetooth: Short-range Wireless Communication Bluetooth: Short-range Wireless Communication Wide variety of handheld devices Smartphone, palmtop, laptop Need compatible data communication interface Complicated cable/config. problem Short range wireless

More information

Performance Anomaly of b

Performance Anomaly of b Performance Anomaly of 8.11b Martin Heusse, Franck Rousseau, Gilles Berger-Sabbatel, Andrzej Duda LSR-IMAG Laboratory Grenoble, France email: {heusse, rousseau, gberger, duda}@imag.fr Abstract We analyze

More information

Wireless LANs. The Protocol Stack The Physical Layer The MAC Sublayer Protocol The Frame Structure Services 802.

Wireless LANs. The Protocol Stack The Physical Layer The MAC Sublayer Protocol The Frame Structure Services 802. Wireless LANs The 802.11 Protocol Stack The 802.11 Physical Layer The 802.11 MAC Sublayer Protocol The 802.11 Frame Structure Services 56 802.11 The 802.11 Working Group The IEEE 802.11 was formed in July

More information

Mobile Communications Chapter 7: Wireless LANs

Mobile Communications Chapter 7: Wireless LANs Mobile Communications Chapter 7: Wireless LANs Characteristics IEEE 802.11 (PHY, MAC, Roaming,.11a, b, g, h, i, n z) Bluetooth / IEEE 802.15.x IEEE 802.16/.20/.21/.22 RFID Comparison Prof. Jó Ueyama courtesy

More information

Announcements / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 9: Wireless LANs Wireless. Regular Ethernet CSMA/CD.

Announcements / Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 9: Wireless LANs Wireless. Regular Ethernet CSMA/CD. Announcements 18-452/18-750 Wireless Networks and Applications Lecture 9: Wireless LANs 802.11 Wireless Peter Steenkiste Homework 1 should be out by tomorrow Project 1 by Friday Schedule:» Thursday lecture

More information

ENRNG3076 : Oral presentation BEng Computer and Communications Engineering

ENRNG3076 : Oral presentation BEng Computer and Communications Engineering Jean Parrend ENRNG3076 : Oral presentation BEng Computer and Communications Engineering 1 Origin 2 Purpose : Create a cable replacement standard for personal area network Handle simultaneously both data

More information

Introduction to Wireless Networking ECE 401WN Spring 2009

Introduction to Wireless Networking ECE 401WN Spring 2009 I. Overview of Bluetooth Introduction to Wireless Networking ECE 401WN Spring 2009 Lecture 6: Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15 Chapter 15 Bluetooth and IEEE 802.15 What is Bluetooth? An always-on, short-range

More information

Mohammad Hossein Manshaei 1393

Mohammad Hossein Manshaei 1393 Mohammad Hossein Manshaei manshaei@gmail.com 1393 1 An Analytical Approach: Bianchi Model 2 Real Experimentations HoE on IEEE 802.11b Analytical Models Bianchi s Model Simulations ns-2 3 N links with the

More information

04/11/2011. Wireless LANs. CSE 3213 Fall November Overview

04/11/2011. Wireless LANs. CSE 3213 Fall November Overview Wireless LANs CSE 3213 Fall 2011 4 November 2011 Overview 2 1 Infrastructure Wireless LAN 3 Applications of Wireless LANs Key application areas: LAN extension cross-building interconnect nomadic access

More information

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF IEEE WIRELESS-LAN AND BLUETOOTH PICONET RANGE INTERFERENCE

MODELING AND SIMULATION OF IEEE WIRELESS-LAN AND BLUETOOTH PICONET RANGE INTERFERENCE MODELING AND SIMULATION OF IEEE 802.11 WIRELESS-LAN AND BLUETOOTH PICONET RANGE INTERFERENCE Patrick O. Bobbie and Abdul-Lateef Yussiff School of Computing and Software Engineering Southern Polytechnic

More information

Strengthening Unlicensed Band Wireless Backhaul

Strengthening Unlicensed Band Wireless Backhaul be in charge Strengthening Unlicensed Band Wireless Backhaul Use TDD/TDMA Based Channel Access Mechanism WHITE PAPER Strengthening Unlicensed Band Wireless Backhaul: Use TDD/TDMA Based Channel Access Mechanism

More information

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE standards

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE standards HW Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) IEEE 802.11 standards WLAN Standard (IEEE 802.11) The IEEE 802.11 is a family of standards that governs the operations and functions of WLANs.

More information

Class-based Packet Scheduling Policies for Bluetooth

Class-based Packet Scheduling Policies for Bluetooth Class-based Packet Scheduling Policies for Bluetooth Vishwanath Sinha, D. Raveendra Babu Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur - 08 06, INDIA vsinha@iitk.ernet.in,

More information

EVALUATING ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE IN IEEE NETWORKS

EVALUATING ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE IN IEEE NETWORKS EVALUATING ADJACENT CHANNEL INTERFERENCE IN IEEE 802.11 NETWORKS Wee Lum Tan 1, Konstanty Bialkowski 1 1 Queensland Research Laboratory National ICT Australia Brisbane, QLD, Australia Email: {weelum.tan,

More information

Solving the Interference Problem due to Wireless LAN for Bluetooth Transmission Using a Non- Collaborative Mechanism. Yun-Ming, Chiu 2005/6/09

Solving the Interference Problem due to Wireless LAN for Bluetooth Transmission Using a Non- Collaborative Mechanism. Yun-Ming, Chiu 2005/6/09 Solving the Interference Problem due to Wireless LAN for Bluetooth Transmission Using a Non- Collaborative Mechanism Yun-Ming, Chiu 2005/6/09 Outline Overview Survey of Bluetooth Structure of Bluetooth

More information

Ferre, PL., Doufexi, A., Chung How, J. T. H., Nix, AR., & Bull, D. (2003). Link adaptation for video transmission over COFDM based WLANs.

Ferre, PL., Doufexi, A., Chung How, J. T. H., Nix, AR., & Bull, D. (2003). Link adaptation for video transmission over COFDM based WLANs. Ferre, PL., Doufexi, A., Chung How, J. T. H., Nix, AR., & Bull, D. (2003). Link adaptation for video transmission over COFDM based WLANs. Peer reviewed version Link to publication record in Explore Bristol

More information

IEEE C802.16h-07/017. IEEE Broadband Wireless Access Working Group <

IEEE C802.16h-07/017. IEEE Broadband Wireless Access Working Group < Project Title Date Submitted IEEE 82.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group Simulation of IEEE 82.16h and IEEE Coexistence (Preliminary Report) 7-1-12 Source(s) John Sydor, Amir

More information

Mobile & Wireless Networking. Lecture 7: Wireless LAN

Mobile & Wireless Networking. Lecture 7: Wireless LAN 192620010 Mobile & Wireless Networking Lecture 7: Wireless LAN [Schiller, Section 7.3] [Reader, Part 6] [Optional: "IEEE 802.11n Development: History, Process, and Technology", Perahia, IEEE Communications

More information

An Efficient Scheduling Scheme for High Speed IEEE WLANs

An Efficient Scheduling Scheme for High Speed IEEE WLANs An Efficient Scheduling Scheme for High Speed IEEE 802.11 WLANs Juki Wirawan Tantra, Chuan Heng Foh, and Bu Sung Lee Centre of Muldia and Network Technology School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological

More information

Interference Mitigation Technique for Performance Enhancement in Coexisting Bluetooth and WLAN

Interference Mitigation Technique for Performance Enhancement in Coexisting Bluetooth and WLAN 2012 International Conference on Information and Computer Networks (ICICN 2012) IPCSIT vol. 27 (2012) (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore Interference Mitigation Technique for Performance Enhancement in Coexisting

More information

Chapter 6 Wireless and Mobile Networks. Csci 4211 David H.C. Du

Chapter 6 Wireless and Mobile Networks. Csci 4211 David H.C. Du Chapter 6 Wireless and Mobile Networks Csci 4211 David H.C. Du Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 a, b, g IEEE 802.15 Buletooth Hidden Terminal Effect Hidden Terminal Problem Hidden terminals A, C cannot hear each

More information

Wireless Local Area Network (IEEE )

Wireless Local Area Network (IEEE ) Wireless Local Area Network (IEEE 802.11) -IEEE 802.11 Specifies a single Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer and 3 Physical Layer Specifications. Stations can operate in two configurations : Ad-hoc mode

More information

Wireless# Guide to Wireless Communications. Objectives

Wireless# Guide to Wireless Communications. Objectives Wireless# Guide to Wireless Communications Chapter 7 Low-Speed Wireless Local Area Networks Objectives Describe how WLANs are used List the components and modes of a WLAN Describe how an RF WLAN works

More information

COEXISTENCE MODEL OF ZIGBEE& IEEE b (WLAN) IN UBIQUITOUS NETWORK ENVIRONMENT

COEXISTENCE MODEL OF ZIGBEE& IEEE b (WLAN) IN UBIQUITOUS NETWORK ENVIRONMENT COEXISTENCE MODEL OF ZIGBEE& IEEE 802.11b (WLAN) IN UBIQUITOUS NETWORK ENVIRONMENT Neha Gandotra, Vishwanath Bijalwan, Manohar Panwar Abstract IEEE 802.15.4 standard is used for low rate, short distance

More information

Lecture 17: Wireless Networking"

Lecture 17: Wireless Networking Lecture 17: 802.11 Wireless Networking" CSE 222A: Computer Communication Networks Alex C. Snoeren Thanks: Lili Qiu, Nitin Vaidya Lecture 17 Overview" Project discussion Intro to 802.11 WiFi Jigsaw discussion

More information

02/21/08 TDC Branch Offices. Headquarters SOHO. Hot Spots. Home. Wireless LAN. Customer Sites. Convention Centers. Hotel

02/21/08 TDC Branch Offices. Headquarters SOHO. Hot Spots. Home. Wireless LAN. Customer Sites. Convention Centers. Hotel TDC 363 Introductions to LANs Lecture 7 Wireless LAN 1 Outline WLAN Markets and Business Cases WLAN Standards WLAN Physical Layer WLAN MAC Layer WLAN Security WLAN Design and Deployment 2 The Mobile Environment

More information

Comparative Analysis of ZigBee, WLAN and Bluetooth System and its Throughput Enhancement

Comparative Analysis of ZigBee, WLAN and Bluetooth System and its Throughput Enhancement Comparative Analysis of ZigBee, WLAN and Bluetooth System and its Throughput Enhancement Ms. Hina Dhiman Dept. of Electronics and Telecommunication Sinhgad College of Engineering Pune, India Prof. Mrs.

More information

Enhancing Bluetooth TCP Throughput via Link Layer Packet Adaptation

Enhancing Bluetooth TCP Throughput via Link Layer Packet Adaptation Enhancing Bluetooth TCP Throughput via Link Layer Packet Adaptation Ling-Jyh Chen, Rohit Kapoor, M. Y. Sanadidi, Mario Gerla UCLA Computer Science Department, Los Angeles, CA 995, USA {cclljj, rohitk,

More information

Wireless LANs/data networks

Wireless LANs/data networks RADIO SYSTEMS - ETIN15 Lecture no: 12 Wireless LANs/data networks Ove Edfors, Department of Electrical and Information Technology Ove.Edfors@eit.lth.se 2016-05-03 Ove Edfors - ETIN15 1 Centralized and

More information

A Study on Delay, Throughput and Traffic Measurement for Wi-Fi Connected Stations Based on MAC Sublayer

A Study on Delay, Throughput and Traffic Measurement for Wi-Fi Connected Stations Based on MAC Sublayer Original Article A Study on Delay, Throughput and Traffic Measurement for Wi-Fi Connected Stations Based on MAC Sublayer Md. Abbas Ali Khan* 1, Khalid Been Md. Badruzzaman Biplob 2 Rahman 3 and Md. Sadekur

More information

Wireless Networks. Authors: Marius Popovici Daniel Crişan Zagham Abbas. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Group Cluj-Napoca, 24 Nov.

Wireless Networks. Authors: Marius Popovici Daniel Crişan Zagham Abbas. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Group Cluj-Napoca, 24 Nov. Wireless Networks Authors: Marius Popovici Daniel Crişan Zagham Abbas Technical University of Cluj-Napoca Group 3250 Cluj-Napoca, 24 Nov. 2003 Presentation Outline Wireless Technology overview The IEEE

More information

Bluetooth. Bluetooth Radio

Bluetooth. Bluetooth Radio Bluetooth Bluetooth is an open wireless protocol stack for low-power, short-range wireless data communications between fixed and mobile devices, and can be used to create Personal Area Networks (PANs).

More information

3.1. Introduction to WLAN IEEE

3.1. Introduction to WLAN IEEE 3.1. Introduction to WLAN IEEE 802.11 WCOM, WLAN, 1 References [1] J. Schiller, Mobile Communications, 2nd Ed., Pearson, 2003. [2] Martin Sauter, "From GSM to LTE", chapter 6, Wiley, 2011. [3] wiki to

More information

Multiple Access Links and Protocols

Multiple Access Links and Protocols Multiple Access Links and Protocols Two types of links : point-to-point PPP for dial-up access point-to-point link between Ethernet switch and host broadcast (shared wire or medium) old-fashioned Ethernet

More information

ITM542 Spring 2004 Feasibility Study of a Wireless LAN network With-VoIP at IIT Rice campus Ninad Narkhede Masaaki Yana Saturday, 1 May 2004

ITM542 Spring 2004 Feasibility Study of a Wireless LAN network With-VoIP at IIT Rice campus Ninad Narkhede Masaaki Yana Saturday, 1 May 2004 ITM542 Spring 2004 Feasibility Study of a Wireless LAN network With-VoIP at IIT Rice campus Ninad Narkhede Masaaki Yana Saturday, 1 May 2004 ABSTRACT Wireless technology has gained popularity in enterprises

More information

Improving Simultaneous Voice and Data Performance in Bluetooth Systems

Improving Simultaneous Voice and Data Performance in Bluetooth Systems Improving Simultaneous Voice and Data Performance in Bluetooth Systems Abstract In the Bluetooth system, isochronous applications, such as voice and audio, are carried by Synchronous Connection Oriented

More information

Bluetooth Demystified

Bluetooth Demystified Bluetooth Demystified S-72.4210 Postgraduate Course in Radio Communications Er Liu liuer@cc.hut.fi -10 Content Outline Bluetooth History Bluetooth Market and Applications Bluetooth Protocol Stacks Radio

More information

AC : A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BLUETOOTH AND IEEE B COEXISTENCE

AC : A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BLUETOOTH AND IEEE B COEXISTENCE AC 2007-1360: A STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BLUETOOTH AND IEEE 802.11B COEXISTENCE Warith Al-Sulaimani, Modern College of Business and Science-Sultanate of Oman Warith Al-Sulaimani is a Lecturer and Consultant

More information

CMPE 257: Wireless and Mobile Networking

CMPE 257: Wireless and Mobile Networking CMPE 257: Wireless and Mobile Networking Katia Obraczka Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 3 CMPE 257 Spring'15 1 Next week Announcements April 14: ICN (Spencer Sevilla) April 16: DTN

More information

Interactions Between the Physical Layer and Upper Layers in Wireless Networks: The devil is in the details

Interactions Between the Physical Layer and Upper Layers in Wireless Networks: The devil is in the details Interactions Between the Physical Layer and Upper Layers in Wireless Networks: The devil is in the details Fouad A. Tobagi Stanford University Broadnets 2006 San Jose, October 4, 2006 Very Wide Range of

More information

Wireless LANs. ITS 413 Internet Technologies and Applications

Wireless LANs. ITS 413 Internet Technologies and Applications Wireless LANs ITS 413 Internet Technologies and Applications Aim: Aim and Contents Understand how IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs work Understand what influences the performance of wireless LANs Contents: IEEE

More information

ENSC-894 Communication Networks Spring Analysis of Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) in Wireless LAN using OPNET.

ENSC-894 Communication Networks Spring Analysis of Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) in Wireless LAN using OPNET. ENSC-894 Communication Networks Spring 2014 Analysis of Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA) in Wireless LAN using OPNET. Team #2 Syed, Aitizaz Uddin (asyed@sfu.ca) Shen, Shiou-Min (eshen@sfu.ca)

More information

LANCOM Techpaper IEEE n Indoor Performance

LANCOM Techpaper IEEE n Indoor Performance Introduction The standard IEEE 802.11n features a number of new mechanisms which significantly increase available bandwidths. The former wireless LAN standards based on 802.11a/g enable physical gross

More information

Lecture 23 Overview. Last Lecture. This Lecture. Next Lecture ADSL, ATM. Wireless Technologies (1) Source: chapters 6.2, 15

Lecture 23 Overview. Last Lecture. This Lecture. Next Lecture ADSL, ATM. Wireless Technologies (1) Source: chapters 6.2, 15 Lecture 23 Overview Last Lecture ADSL, ATM This Lecture Wireless Technologies (1) Wireless LAN, CSMA/CA, Bluetooth Source: chapters 6.2, 15 Next Lecture Wireless Technologies (2) Source: chapter 16, 19.3

More information

standard. Acknowledgement: Slides borrowed from Richard Y. Yale

standard. Acknowledgement: Slides borrowed from Richard Y. Yale 802.11 standard Acknowledgement: Slides borrowed from Richard Y. Yang @ Yale IEEE 802.11 Requirements Design for small coverage (e.g. office, home) Low/no mobility High data rate applications Ability to

More information

Chapter 3.1 Acknowledgment:

Chapter 3.1 Acknowledgment: Chapter 3.1 Acknowledgment: This material is based on the slides formatted by Dr Sunilkumar S. manvi and Dr Mahabaleshwar S. Kakkasageri, the authors of the textbook: Wireless and Mobile Networks, concepts

More information

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 13 Wireless LANs

Data and Computer Communications. Chapter 13 Wireless LANs Data and Computer Communications Chapter 13 Wireless LANs Wireless LAN Topology Infrastructure LAN Connect to stations on wired LAN and in other cells May do automatic handoff Ad hoc LAN No hub Peer-to-peer

More information

A Backoff Algorithm for Improving Saturation Throughput in IEEE DCF

A Backoff Algorithm for Improving Saturation Throughput in IEEE DCF A Backoff Algorithm for Improving Saturation Throughput in IEEE 80.11 DCF Kiyoshi Takahashi and Toshinori Tsuboi School of Computer Science, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo,

More information

EC Wireless Networks VIII - Semester Questions Bank

EC Wireless Networks VIII - Semester Questions Bank EC 6802 - Wireless Networks VIII - Semester Questions Bank UNIT I PART A 1. Find out the capacity of a single IS-95 cell that uses QPSK modulation and convolutional coding 3 db < Sr < 9 db, and bandwidth

More information