NT1210 Introduction to Networking. Unit 5:

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "NT1210 Introduction to Networking. Unit 5:"

Transcription

1 NT1210 Introduction to Networking Unit 5: Chapter 5, Ethernet LANs 1

2 Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders for computer networks and network applications. Identify the classifications of networks and how they are applied to various types of enterprises. Explain the functionality and use of typical network protocols. Analyze network components and their primary functions in a typical data network from both logical and physical perspectives. 2

3 Objectives Differentiate among major types of LAN and WAN technologies and specifications and determine how each is used in a data network. Explain basic security requirements for networks. Install a network (wired or wireless), applying all necessary configurations to enable desired connectivity and controls. Use network tools to monitor protocols and traffic characteristics. Use preferred techniques and necessary tools to troubleshoot common network problems. 3

4 Objectives Define Ethernet LAN concepts. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of Ethernet technology in LANs. Analyze the advantages of using Layer 2 devices to segment LANs. Troubleshoot wired LANs for connectivity and performance. 4

5 Defining Ethernet LANs Ethernet: t Originally i developed d as LAN technology Connect end-user devices in one site with devices relatively close by Each LAN site connects to WAN via router Ethernet t standards d kept growing to support faster speeds and longer cabling distances Modern Ethernet networks might be LANs or WANs Companies generally own their own LANs WANs lease capacity to customers (e.g., ISPs, Telcos) 5

6 Defining Ethernet LANs: LAN vs. WAN Many Telcos today offer WAN services called Metro Ethernet (MetroE) where the cable from the Telco to the customer site uses an Ethernet standard. The LANs at each site can still use Ethernet, but the WAN links also use Ethernet. Ethernet LAN vs. Ethernet WAN 6 Figure 5-1

7 Defining Ethernet LANs Late 1970s: End of proprietary standards d Early 1980s: IEEE formed new working groups to work on LAN standards LAN standards all start with 802 Many of same companies that had proprietary standards volunteered to work on IEEE working groups so could mold future LAN standards 7 Table 5-1

8 Defining Ethernet LANs Three Important IEEE LAN Standards Working Common Group Reference Purpose Logical Link Defines features in common across Control Ethernet, Token Ring, and others Ethernet Defines features specific to Ethernet Token Ring Defines features specific to Token Ring Key Original IEEE 802 LAN Standards 8 Table 5-1

9 Defining Ethernet LANs 1970s: Vendors created PCs and LANs (still many mainframes and dumb terminals in use) 1980s: Computing world moved to networks that primarily had PCs on them 1980s: IEEE finalized and improved LAN standards Timeline Perspectives: LANs from Creation to Ethernet Supremacy 9 Figure 5-2

10 Defining Ethernet LANs: Wired vs. Wireless Wired: Ethernet t Wireless: Wireless LANs Comparing the Combined Hybrid LAN to a Wireless-Only LAN Edge 10 Figure 5-3

11 Defining Ethernet LANs: Wired vs. Wireless Timeline: Growth and impact of the progress of the WLAN standards. LANs from Creation to the Vs LAN Edge Battle 11 Figure 5-4

12 Defining Ethernet LANs: Ethernet Bit Rates 10BASE-5: Standard d that t used thick coaxial cabling (thicknet) with bus topology 10BASE-2: Standard that used thinner coaxial cable (Thinnet) with bus topology 10BASE-T: Ethernet standard deployed in 1990 used UTP cabling with star topology Ethernet Standards Dates, Speeds, and Common Names 12 Figure 5-5

13 Defining Ethernet LANs: Ethernet Bit Rates 100-Mbps Fast Ethernet: t Part of next wave of standards in 1990s was 10 times faster than 10BASE-T and used UTP cabling with star topology 1000-Mbps (1 Gbps) Gigabit Ethernet: Developed in 1995 was 100 times faster than 10BASE-T and used UTP or fiber optic cabling with various topologies Ethernet Standards Dates, Speeds, and Common Names 13 Figure 5-5

14 Defining Ethernet LANs: Ethernet Bit Rates An example of an Ethernet LAN with eight links that use six different combinations of speed and cable type. One Ethernet LAN, Many Different Speeds and Cable Types 14 Figure 5-6

15 Defining Ethernet LANs: Distances Each physical layer standard d defines cable limitationsit ti 100 meters for UTP cable Several hundred meters for multimode (MM) fiber Several kilometers for single mode (SM) fiber IEEE 802.3z Gigabit Ethernet standards use SM, MM fiber cables IEEE 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet standard uses UTP Gigabit Ethernet Standards and Cable Lengths 15

16 Defining Ethernet LANs: Distances Standard Shortcut Family Name Specific Shortcut Name Year Cabling Max Length z 1000Base-X 1000Base-LX 1998 MM 550 m 802.3z 1000Base-X 1000Base-SX 1998 SM 5 Km ab 1000BASE-T 1000BASE-T 1999 UTP (4 pair) 100 m Gigabit Ethernet Standards and Cable Lengths 16 Table 5-2

17 Defining Ethernet LANs: Topologies Modern Ethernet t LANs use a star topology (physical topologies refers to the shape of the network). In a simple Ethernet LAN, all the devices connect to a single LAN switch. If you spread the devices out to all points on the compass, it looks a little like a star. Star Topology in an Ethernet LAN Compared to a Drawing of a Sun (Star) 17 Figure 5-7

18 Defining Ethernet LANs: Data Link Framing One standard d DL header/trailer works with many physical link standards Like using one car to travel on many different roads Forwarding One Ethernet Frame over Six Different Types of Ethernet Links 18 Figure 5-8

19 Defining i Ethernet LANs: Standard d Names Informal names: Names used in industry, not necessarily actual standard names Typically focus on speed, mostly ignore cabling types Speed Informal Name Other common informal names 10 Mbps Ethernet 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet Fast E 1 Gbps Gigabit Ethernet Gig E, 1 GbE 10 Gbps 10 Gig E 10 GbE 40 Gbps 40 Gig E 40 GbE 100 Gbps 100 Gig E 100 GbE Informal Ethernet Names Based on Speeds 19 Table 5-3

20 Defining Ethernet LANs: Standard Names How to interpret t IEEE shorthand names Break name into parts (see figure) Every name (discussed d here) has BASE- or GBASE- in middle: Way to separate prefix and suffix for term Use rules illustrated in figure Structure of IEEE Shorthand Ethernet Names 20 Figure 5-9

21 Defining Ethernet LANs: Standard Names Prefix (what comes before BASE- or GBASE ) shows speed Mbps if BASE- without a G Gbps if middle lists GBASE- Suffix lists cable type T - Twisted pair (UTP) standards X - Fiber optic standards ds Other values - Require more research 21

22 Defining Ethernet LANs: Standard Names Original IEEE IEEE Shorthand Name Informal Name(s) Speed Typical Cabling 802.3i 10BASE-T Ethernet 10 Mbps UTP 802.3u 100BASE-T Fast Ethernet (Fast E) 100 Mbps UTP 802.3z 1000BASE-X Gigabit Ethernet (Gig E, GbE) 1000 Mbps Fiber 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet (Gig E, GbE) 1000 Mbps UTP 802.3ae 10GBASE-X 10 GbE 10 Gbps Fiber 802.3an 10GBASE-T 10 GbE 10 Gbps UTP 802.3ba 40GBASE-X 40GbE (40 GigE) 40 Gbps Fiber 802.3ba 100GBASE-X 100GbE (100 GigE) 100 Gbps Fiber Ethernet Naming Summary 22 Table 5-4

23 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed vs. Pricing IEEE Standards Dates and Cable Types 23 Figure 5-10

24 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed vs. Pricing EXAMPLE: This LAN uses 40 edge switches, each of which connects to an average of 25 end-user devices. Each of these edge switches connects to a centralized switch called a distribution switch, which distributes data frames to the rest of the LAN User Campus LAN, with Speed Vs. Cost Choices 24 Figure 5-12

25 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed Auto- Negotiation EXAMPLE: Migrating from 10BASE-T to 100BASE-T with switches The left side of the figure shows a typical LAN that uses only 10BASE- T. On the right side, the engineer replaces Switch SW1 with a 10/100 switch, which means this new switch s ports can negotiate to run at either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps. Using Autonegotiation to Migrate from 10 Mbps to 100 Mbps 25 Figure 5-13

26 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed Auto- Negotiation IEEE auto-negotiation ti ti rules that t switch ports follow: If both nodes send auto-negotiation messages, both state their supported speeds; nodes choose fastest speed in both lists to operate at If local node sends auto-negotiation message but does not receive message from other node, uses slowest supported speed (usually 10 Mbps) 26

27 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed Auto- Negotiation LAN on right shows speed that t each nodes supports 3 devices attempt auto-negotiation: switch SW1, PC B, and PC D SW1 s ports support 10/100 and auto-negotiation 27

28 Building Ethernet LANs: Speed Auto- Negotiation SW1 PC A: Sends auto-negotiation messages but hears nothing from PC A; chooses slowest speed SW1 PC B: SW1 and PC B send auto-negotiation messages, and both list speeds of 10 and 100 Mbps; both choose fastest supported speed (100 Mbps) SW1 SW2: Works like SW1 to PC A so both SW1 and SW2 use 10 Mbps SW2 PC C: Neither support auto-negotiation, only 10 Mbps SW2 PC D: PC D sends auto-negotiation messages but hears nothing from SW2, so PC D chooses slowest speed 28

29 Building Ethernet LANs: Duplex Auto- Negotiation Duplex setting on link determines whether to use halfduplex or full-duplex Devices can negotiate duplex setting with autonegotiation Modern LANs use full duplex, but if older hubs exist on network, links have to auto-negotiate History of Half and Full Duplex 29

30 Building Ethernet LANs: Duplex Auto- Negotiation Both nodes send auto-negotiation ti ti messages stating ti duplex mode(s) supported If both support full-duplex, then that mode is used If both do NOT support full duplex, then both use half-duplex If local node sends auto-negotiation messages but does not receive return messages, uses half-duplex History of Half and Full Duplex 30 Figure 5-14

31 Building Ethernet LANs: Distance Considerations UTP links: Maximum 100 meters Multimode links: Several hundred meters (3-6) Single mode links: Several kilometers (30-60) 31

32 Building Ethernet LANs: UTP Pinouts Straight-through th h Cables: Used to connect 2 devices (e.g., PCs and switches) Use wire pairs 1, 2 and 3, 6 100BASE-T Transmit and Receive Logic, PC to Switch, with Straight-through Cable 32 Figure 5-15

33 Building Ethernet LANs: UTP Pinouts Straight-through th h Cables: How the wire pairs communicate Crossover Cable for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T 33 Figure 5-16

34 Building Ethernet LANs: UTP Pinouts Straight-through th h Cables: TIA cabling standards d specify which color pair to put in each position in connectors on each end of cable T568A on one end, and T568B on the other. TIA Pinout Standards T568A and T568B to Create a Crossover Cable 34 Figure 5-17

35 Break Take 15 35

36 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer IEEE defines Media Access Control (MAC) header /trailer as part of standard Standard defines how Ethernet devices access physical media Frame holds MAC header (Ethernet header), data, and MAC trailer (Ethernet trailer) Header and trailers include several fields Ethernet Frame Format 36 Figure 5-18

37 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields Ethernet Frame Fields, Part 1 Field Preamble SFD Destination MAC Address Source MAC Address Description 7 bytes of repeating binary 10 (allows all devices to synchronize at physical layer) Start Frame Delimiter 1 more byte of preamble that ends with binary 11 instead of 10 (signals that destination address follows) 6-byte address that identifies Ethernet destination device 6-byte address that identifies sending device Shorthand Reminder Get ready last byte before addresses! To there From here Ethernet Header and Trailer Fields 37 Table 5-5

38 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields Ethernet Frame Fields, Part 2 Field Type Data FCS Description 2-byte code that identifies type of data in data field (often refers to IPv4 packet) Data from Ethernet s perspective (includes all headers from upper layers plus user data) Frame Check Sequence used to determine if any bits change during transmission (receiver discards frame if errors occur) Shorthand Reminder Data type Actual data Error check Ethernet Header and Trailer Fields 38 Table 5-5

39 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields Preamble and SFD: Work together th to give other nodes on link warning that new frame is coming Repeat binary 10 for most of combined 8 bytes but with last two bits of SFD at 11 (signals end of SFD) Destination MAC address: Identifies destination device; switches use it to forward frame to destination Source MAC address: Identifies sending device; switches use address to learn topology of LAN Type: Identifies type of data in data field Data: Holds data supplied by layer above Network 39

40 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields When a user opens a web browser and types in a URL, the PC builds an HTTP GET request. That request sits in a TCP segment, which sits in an IP header, forming an IP packet. The PC needs to send that packet to the nearby router. To send the IP packet over the Ethernet, the PC encapsulates the IP packet inside an Ethernet frame. The data field of the frame holds the IP packet, and the Ethernet Type field lists a number that notes that the data is an IP Version 4 (IPv4) packet. The Ethernet Data Field with IP, TCP, and HTTP Header Included 40 Figure 5-19

41 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields Trailer Frame Check Sequence (FCS): Used to detect t transmission errors Destination node performs error detection when it receives frame Sending node: 1. Prepares entire frame except for FCS field 2. Inputs frame (without FCS field) into math formula with a 32- bit result 3. Copies 32-bit math result into FCS field 4. Sends frame 41

42 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Header/Trailer Fields Trailer Frame Check Sequence (FCS): Used to detect t transmission errors Receiving node: 1. Receives frame and sets aside FCS 2. Inputs frame (without FCS field) into same math formula as the sender, with 32-bit result 3. Compares new 32-bit result with received FCS value 4. If equal, no errors occurred; if unequal, errors occurred so node discards frame 42

43 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Address IEEE defines MAC addresses as 48-bit numbers usually written in hexadecimal (hex) Each hex digit represents 4 bits (MAC address = 12 hex digits) Examples of how MAC address expressed A A A 43

44 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Address Universal MAC address: Permanent address unique across all networks Uses 2-part format: Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI): Code registered to vendor; first half of MAC address Vendor assigned: Unique serial number chosen by vendor; second half of MAC address IEEE Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) and Unique MAC Addresses 44 Figure 5-20

45 Exploring Ethernet: MAC Address IEEE Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) and Unique MAC Addresses 45 Figure 5-20

46 Exploring Ethernet: LAN Switching Example of how a switch forwards frames Switch Forwarding Decision: Single Switch 46 Figure 5-21

47 Exploring Ethernet: LAN Switching Example of how a switch forwards frames (2 switches) Independent Switch Forwarding Decisions: Two Switches 47 Figure 5-22

48 Exploring Ethernet: Switch Flooding Unknown Unicast Frame: When switch does not list destination MAC in MAC table Frame is broadcast by switch out all ports Broadcast Frame: Frames with destination MAC address FFFF.FFFF.FFFF Switches floods broadcast frame out all ports Flooding an Unknown Unicast Frame 48 Figure 5-23

49 Exploring Ethernet: Switch Flooding Example of Broadcast Frame 49

50 Exploring Ethernet: Switch Learning Switches build MAC address tables two ways Entries manually typed into MAC address table Switch learns MAC addresses by reading frames that t pass through it Example: Learning addresses SW1 has just powered on so MAC address table is empty PC A sends frame that arrives in SW1 s G1 port Switch has to learn where PC A is (in this case, connected to SW1 s port G1) SW1 adds PC A s MAC address to its MAC address table SW1 Learns the MAC Address of PC A 50

51 Exploring Ethernet: Switch Learning Example of how switches learn MAC addresses SW1 and SW2 Learn MAC Table Entries for PC A 51 Figure 5-26

52 Summary, This Chapter Listed the major differences between WAN technologies and Ethernet LAN technologies. Distinguished between Ethernet features that are different or the same across the 10 Mbps, 100Mbps, and 1000Mbps Ethernet standards. Gave examples of some of the former and current competing technologies to Ethernet technologies in the LAN market. Listed the different speeds supported by Ethernet standards. 52

53 Summary, This Chapter Explained what functions the IEEE autonegotiation process chooses, and how that helps campus LANs support multiple Ethernet standards. Drew the UTP cabling pinouts for straight-through and crossover cables to support 10, 100, and 1000 Mbps Ethernet, and a diagram of an Ethernet frame, naming all header and trailer fields. Described the process of how the IEEE ensures universal MAC addresses are not duplicated. 53

54 Summary, This Chapter Gave an example of how a switch forwards a unicast Ethernet frame when a switch has a full MAC address table. Gave an example of how a switch forwards a unicast Ethernet frame when a switch has a full MAC address table. Gave an example of how a switch learns the entries in its MAC address table. 54

55 Questions? Comments? 55

Objectives. Hexadecimal Numbering and Addressing. Ethernet / IEEE LAN Technology. Ethernet

Objectives. Hexadecimal Numbering and Addressing. Ethernet / IEEE LAN Technology. Ethernet 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Objectives Ethernet Network Fundamentals Chapter 9 ITE PC v4.0 Chapter 1 1 Introduce Hexadecimal number system Describe the features of various

More information

10- and 100-Mbps Ethernet

10- and 100-Mbps Ethernet Ethernet Basics 10-Mbps Ethernet Three 10-Mbps Ethernet standards: 10BASE5 10BASE2 10BASE-T 10BASE2 and 10BASE5 were around more than 20 years and have been replaced by newer alternatives 10BASE-T s use

More information

Chapter 9. Ethernet. Part II

Chapter 9. Ethernet. Part II Chapter 9 Ethernet Part II CCNA1-1 Chapter 9-2 Note for Instructors These presentations are the result of a collaboration among the instructors at St. Clair College in Windsor, Ontario. Thanks must go

More information

2. LAN Topologies Gilbert Ndjatou Page 1

2. LAN Topologies Gilbert Ndjatou Page 1 2. LAN Topologies Two basic categories of network topologies exist, physical topologies and logical topologies. The physical topology of a network is the cabling layout used to link devices. This refers

More information

Part3. Local Area Networks (LAN)

Part3. Local Area Networks (LAN) Part3 Local Area Networks (LAN) LAN Characteristics Small geographical area Relatively high data rate Single management Topologies Bus, star, ring Specifications at physical and data link layer mostly

More information

Imi :... Data:... Nazwisko:... Stron:...

Imi :... Data:... Nazwisko:... Stron:... Imi :.................................................... Data:....................... Nazwisko:............................................... Stron:...................... 1. Which of the following protocols

More information

Size of Storage Number of Bits Decimal Range Range, From 0 to 2 n 1. Short Description Hard Disk USB Flash Drive Optical Disc

Size of Storage Number of Bits Decimal Range Range, From 0 to 2 n 1. Short Description Hard Disk USB Flash Drive Optical Disc 12 Appendix Memory Tables Answer Key hapter 1 TABLE 1-1 Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte, Terabyte Term Size (Bytes) Size (2 n Bytes) Rounded Size (Bytes) Kilobyte 1024 2 10 1000 Megabyte 1,048,576 2 20 1,000,000

More information

Lecture (04) Network Layer (Physical/Data link) 2

Lecture (04) Network Layer (Physical/Data link) 2 Lecture (04) Network Layer (Physical/Data link) 2 By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee ١ Dr. Ahmed elshafee, ACU : Spring 2018, CSE401 Computer Networks Agenda Ethernet standards 10 base 5 10 base 2 10 base T Fast Ethernet

More information

Modern Ethernet variations. based on Chapter 5 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers

Modern Ethernet variations. based on Chapter 5 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers Modern Ethernet variations based on Chapter 5 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4th ed., Mike Meyers recap: obsolete versions of Ethernet Coaxial cable physical bus topology 10Base5 (standard IEEE 802.3,

More information

Lecture Outline. Lecture 2. OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking

Lecture Outline. Lecture 2. OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking. The OSI model and networking Lecture 2 The OSI model Chapter 2, specifically pages 42-58 Dave Novak School of Business Administration, University of Vermont Sources: 1) Network+ Guide to Networks, Dean 2013 2) Comer, Computer Networks

More information

Chapter 9 Ethernet Part 1

Chapter 9 Ethernet Part 1 Chapter 9 Ethernet Part 1 Introduction to Ethernet Ethernet Local Area Networks (LANs) LAN (Local Area Network) - A computer network connected through a wired or wireless medium by networking devices (s,

More information

TCP/IP and OSI Model Ethernet LAN Network Cables Network Devices Network Topologies Redundant Internet Connections VLANs Wireless LANs Upcoming

TCP/IP and OSI Model Ethernet LAN Network Cables Network Devices Network Topologies Redundant Internet Connections VLANs Wireless LANs Upcoming 2 TCP/IP and OSI Model Ethernet LAN Network Cables Network Devices Network Topologies Redundant Internet Connections VLANs Wireless LANs Upcoming Network Technologies 3 4 Elements of the Network Sender

More information

Zarządzanie sieciami telekomunikacyjnymi

Zarządzanie sieciami telekomunikacyjnymi Ethernet The term Ethernet refers to the family of local-area network (LAN) products covered by the IEEE 802.3 standard that defines what is commonly known as the CSMA/CD protocol. Four data rates are

More information

LANs and ARP. Networking. Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University. Networking. LANs and ARP.

LANs and ARP. Networking. Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University. Networking. LANs and ARP. Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Prepared by Steven Gordon on 5 November 2013 Common/Reports/lans-arp.tex, r723 1/22 Contents LANs IEEE 802.3 Address Resolution and

More information

A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC, 8th Edition. Chapter 16 Networking Types, Devices, and Cabling

A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC, 8th Edition. Chapter 16 Networking Types, Devices, and Cabling A+ Guide to Managing & Maintaining Your PC, Chapter 16 Networking Types, Devices, and Cabling Objectives Learn about network types and topologies Learn about the hardware used to build local networks Learn

More information

Chapter 4 NETWORK HARDWARE

Chapter 4 NETWORK HARDWARE Chapter 4 NETWORK HARDWARE 1 Network Devices As Organizations grow, so do their networks Growth in number of users Geographical Growth Network Devices : Are products used to expand or connect networks.

More information

IEEE 802 LANs SECTION C

IEEE 802 LANs SECTION C IEEE 802 LANs SECTION C Outline of the Lecture Basic characteristics of LAN Topology Transmission Media MAC IEEE 802 LANs 802.3 - CSMA/CD based (Ethernet) 802.4 Token bus-based 802.5 Token ring-based Comparison

More information

GAYATRI COMPUTERS Prepared by : VENKAT.G 1. Module 1: NETWORK BASICS

GAYATRI COMPUTERS Prepared by : VENKAT.G 1. Module 1: NETWORK BASICS GAYATRI COMPUTERS Prepared by : VENKAT.G 1 What is Networking? Module 1: NETWORK BASICS Networking: Connecting two or more computers or network devices(routers/print Servers / Firewall Devices..etc) for

More information

Classical Ethernet (10 Mbps)

Classical Ethernet (10 Mbps) Lecture 10: Ethernet Standards and Ethernet Wiring Dr. Mohammed Hawa Electrical Engineering Department University of Jordan EE426: Communication Networks Classical Ethernet (10 Mbps) Classical Ethernet

More information

Chapter 6: DataLink Layer - Ethernet Olivier Bonaventure (2010)

Chapter 6: DataLink Layer - Ethernet Olivier Bonaventure (2010) Chapter 6: DataLink Layer - Ethernet Olivier Bonaventure (2010) 6.3.2. Ethernet Ethernet was designed in the 1970s at the Palo Alto Research Center [Metcalfe1976]. The first prototype [5] used a coaxial

More information

Introduction to Networking Devices

Introduction to Networking Devices Introduction to Networking Devices Objectives Explain the uses, advantages, and disadvantages of repeaters, hubs, wireless access points, bridges, switches, and routers Define the standards associated

More information

Lab Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames

Lab Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames Topology Objectives Part 1: Examine the Header Fields in an Ethernet II Frame Part 2: Use Wireshark to Capture and Analyze Ethernet Frames Background / Scenario When upper layer protocols communicate with

More information

Chapter 4: Network Access

Chapter 4: Network Access 4.0.1.1 Chapter 4: Network Access To support our communication, the OSI model divides the functions of a data network into layers. Each layer works with the layers above and below to transmit data. 4.0.1.2

More information

ก ก Information Technology II

ก ก Information Technology II ก ก 202103 Information Technology II ก ก ก ก ก (LAN), ก LAN, ก ก (LAN) ก ก ก LAN ก LAN ก LAN Topology Bus LAN Star LAN Ring LAN Wireless LAN Wireless LAN Wireless ก (LAN) ก ก ก LAN ก LAN WAN ก Random Access

More information

Section 3 Understanding Ethernet and Switch Operations

Section 3 Understanding Ethernet and Switch Operations Section 3 Understanding Ethernet and Switch Operations Ethernet is the technology of choice for today s LANs. It is fast, has low costs, and is easy to maintain. Today s Ethernet standards support speeds

More information

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT

ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT ROYAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT BASICS NETWORKING CHAPTER 1 Networking Basics to Networking Advantages of Networking Types of Network 1 Local Area Network (LAN) LAN features Basic LAN components

More information

Ethernet. ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications

Ethernet. ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Prepared by Steven Gordon on 13 October 2015

More information

Ethernet. Contents. ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications. IEEE 802 LANs.

Ethernet. Contents. ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications. IEEE 802 LANs. 2 ITS323: Introduction to Data Communications CSS331: Fundamentals of Data Communications Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology Thammasat University Prepared by Steven Gordon on 13 October 2015

More information

Lab Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames

Lab Using Wireshark to Examine Ethernet Frames Topology Objectives Part 1: Examine the Header Fields in an Ethernet II Frame Part 2: Use Wireshark to Capture and Analyze Ethernet Frames Background / Scenario When upper layer protocols communicate with

More information

Introduction to Computer Science (I1100) Networks. Chapter 6

Introduction to Computer Science (I1100) Networks. Chapter 6 Networks Chapter 6 501 Outline How does Networks and Internet Work? Networking devices Physical Network topology Types of Network Intranets - extranets Copper Media IP Address 502 How does Networks and

More information

M242 COMPUTER NETWORS AND SECURITY

M242 COMPUTER NETWORS AND SECURITY M242 COMPUTER NETWORS AND SECURITY 2.1. Network Models: UNIT - II OSI MODEL AND LAN PROTOCOLS 1. Explain Network model A network is a combination of hardware and software that sends data from one location

More information

CS 43: Computer Networks Switches and LANs. Kevin Webb Swarthmore College December 5, 2017

CS 43: Computer Networks Switches and LANs. Kevin Webb Swarthmore College December 5, 2017 CS 43: Computer Networks Switches and LANs Kevin Webb Swarthmore College December 5, 2017 Ethernet Metcalfe s Ethernet sketch Dominant wired LAN technology: cheap $20 for NIC first widely used LAN technology

More information

Introductory to Computer Networks Local Area Networks. Lecture 16 Fall Isfahan University of technology Dr.

Introductory to Computer Networks Local Area Networks. Lecture 16 Fall Isfahan University of technology Dr. Introductory to Computer Networks Local Area Networks Lecture 16 Fall 2010 Isfahan University of technology Dr. Faramarz Hendessi What is a LAN? Local area means: Private ownership freedom from regulatory

More information

Networking Technologies and Applications

Networking Technologies and Applications Networking Technologies and Applications Rolland Vida BME TMIT September 23, 2016 Aloha Advantages: Different size packets No need for synchronization Simple operation If low upstream traffic, the solution

More information

CCNA 1 Chapter 5 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013

CCNA 1 Chapter 5 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013 CCNA 1 Chapter 5 v5.0 Exam Answers 2013 1 2 A host is trying to send a packet to a device on a remote LAN segment, but there are currently no mappings in its ARP cache. How will the device obtain a destination

More information

2. What is a characteristic of a contention-based access method?

2. What is a characteristic of a contention-based access method? CCNA 1 Chapter 5 v5.0 Exam Answers 2015 (100%) 1. Which statement is true about MAC addresses? MAC addresses are implemented by software. A NIC only needs a MAC address if connected to a WAN. The first

More information

The random access methods we study in this chapter have evolved from a very interesting protocol known as ALOHA, which used a very simple procedure

The random access methods we study in this chapter have evolved from a very interesting protocol known as ALOHA, which used a very simple procedure Multiple Accesses When nodes or stations are connected and use a common link, called a multipoint or broadcast link, we need a multiple-access protocol to coordinate access to the link. The problem of

More information

More on LANS. LAN Wiring, Interface

More on LANS. LAN Wiring, Interface More on LANS Chapters 10-11 LAN Wiring, Interface Mostly covered this material already NIC = Network Interface Card Separate processor, buffers incoming/outgoing data CPU might not be able to keep up network

More information

Lecture 4b. Local Area Networks and Bridges

Lecture 4b. Local Area Networks and Bridges Lecture 4b Local Area Networks and Bridges Ethernet Invented by Boggs and Metcalf in the 1970 s at Xerox Local area networks were needed to connect computers, share files, etc. Thick or Thin Ethernet Cable

More information

Ethernet Standard. Campus Network Design. Ethernet address. OSI Model. Thana Hongsuwan

Ethernet Standard. Campus Network Design. Ethernet address. OSI Model. Thana Hongsuwan Campus etwork Design Thana Hongsuwan Ethernet Standard 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-1 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. BCMS v2.0 1-2 OSI Model Ethernet address Six bytes

More information

Fundamentals of Networking Introduction to Networking Devices

Fundamentals of Networking Introduction to Networking Devices Fundamentals of Networking Introduction to Networking Devices Kuldeep Sonar 1 NIC (Network Interface Card) A network interface provides connectivity from an end-user PC or laptop to the public network.

More information

Lecture 8: Switched Ethernet and Collision Domains

Lecture 8: Switched Ethernet and Collision Domains Lecture 8: Switched Ethernet and Collision Domains Dr. Mohammed Hawa Electrical Engineering Department University of Jordan EE426: Communication Networks Ethernet Installations 2 1 Twisted Pair and Fiber

More information

Answers to the Do I Know This Already? Quizzes

Answers to the Do I Know This Already? Quizzes Appendix C Answers to the Do I Know This Already? Quizzes Chapter 1 1. D and F. Of the remaining answers, Ethernet defines both physical and data link protocols, PPP is a data link protocol, IP is a network

More information

ELC 537 Communication Networks

ELC 537 Communication Networks Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology Electronics Engineering and Communication Technology Dpt. ELC 537 Communication Networks Prepared by: Dr. Nelly Muhammad Hussein Sections & Objectives Principles

More information

Chapter 4: Network Access. Introduction to Networks v5.1

Chapter 4: Network Access. Introduction to Networks v5.1 Chapter 4: Network Access Introduction to Networks v5.1 4.0 Introduction 4.1 Physical Layer Protocols 4.2 Network Media 4.3 Data Link Layer Protocols 4.4 Media Access Control 4.5 Summary 2013 Cisco and/or

More information

Ethernet. Computer Networks. Lecture 4.

Ethernet. Computer Networks. Lecture 4. Ethernet Computer Networks Lecture 4 http://goo.gl/pze5o8 The History of Ethernet Originally: DIX Ethernet (DEC-Intel-Xerox, Ethernet II) - 10Mbps. No LLC sublayer Later standardized as: IEEE 802.3 Frame

More information

Internet Architecture and Protocol

Internet Architecture and Protocol Internet Architecture and Protocol Set# 03 Local Area Networks Delivered By: Engr Tahir Niazi Layer Reference to Protocol Application Presentation Session Application FTP, Telnet, SMTP, HTTP, SNMP.. Transport

More information

Chapter 2. Switch Concepts and Configuration. Part I

Chapter 2. Switch Concepts and Configuration. Part I Chapter 2 Switch Concepts and Configuration Part I CCNA3-1 Chapter 2-1 Note for Instructors These presentations are the result of a collaboration among the instructors at St. Clair College in Windsor,

More information

Ethernet Basics. based on Chapter 4 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4 th ed., Mike Meyers

Ethernet Basics. based on Chapter 4 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4 th ed., Mike Meyers Ethernet Basics based on Chapter 4 of CompTIA Network+ Exam Guide, 4 th ed., Mike Meyers Ethernet Basics History Ethernet Frames CSMA/CD Obsolete versions 10Mbps versions Segments Spanning Tree Protocol

More information

BABU MADHAV INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, UTU 2017

BABU MADHAV INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, UTU 2017 5 years Integrated M.Sc (IT) Semester 3 Question Bank 060010310 DSE4 Computer Networks Unit 1 Introduction Short Questions 1. State the term data with respect to computer network. 2. What is data communication?

More information

Lecture (03) (I) OSI Reference Model

Lecture (03) (I) OSI Reference Model Agenda Lecture (03) (I) OSI Reference Model Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee History OSI Layers Layers function OSI & TCP/IP & NetWare Example protocols OSI Layering Concepts and Benefits OSI Terminologies ١ ٢ History

More information

What is a Network? A connection of two or more computers so that they can share resources.

What is a Network? A connection of two or more computers so that they can share resources. NETWORKS What is a Network? A connection of two or more computers so that they can share resources. Network Benefits Remote access Sharing files & resources Communication Cost Maintenance Communication

More information

TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS

TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS What is a Network? A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow electronic communications.

More information

Lecture (04) Data link layer

Lecture (04) Data link layer Lecture (04) Data link layer By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee Standards Overview CSMA/CD Ethernet standards 10 base 5 10 base 2 10 base T Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet ١ ٢ Standards Overview Like most protocols,

More information

Computer Networks. Lecture 8 Local Area Network, IEEE 802.x

Computer Networks. Lecture 8 Local Area Network, IEEE 802.x Computer Networks Lecture 8 Local Area Network, IEEE 802.x Local area network A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a home, school,

More information

Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa. Design Technologies. Lecture 17: Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG

Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa. Design Technologies. Lecture 17: Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG Lecture 17: Design Technologies Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi SITE, University of Ottawa Prof. Shervin Shirmohammadi CEG 4185 17-1 Design Goals From the architecture and its components and simulation, we

More information

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 8: Chapter 8 The Internet Protocol (IP)

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 8: Chapter 8 The Internet Protocol (IP) IT220 Network Standards & Protocols Unit 8: Chapter 8 The Internet Protocol (IP) IT220 Network Standards & Protocols REMINDER Student Evaluations 4 Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders

More information

a. (4pts) What general information is contained in a LSR-PDU update that A might send?

a. (4pts) What general information is contained in a LSR-PDU update that A might send? B1: Networks (25 points) Link State Routing (LSR). (Hint: flooding and Dijkstra s Algorithm). Assume Router A has physical links to Routers W, X, Y, Z. a. (4pts) What general information is contained in

More information

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 6: Chapter 6 Wireless LANs

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 6: Chapter 6 Wireless LANs IT220 Network Standards & Protocols Unit 6: Chapter 6 Wireless LANs 2 Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders for computer networks and network applications. Identify the classifications of

More information

The Link Layer and LANs: Ethernet and Swiches

The Link Layer and LANs: Ethernet and Swiches The Link Layer and LNs: Ethernet and Swiches EECS3214 2018-03-21 Link layer, LNs: outline 6.1 introduction, services 6.2 error detection, correction 6.3 multiple access protocols 6.4 LNs addressing, RP

More information

Lecture (04 & 05) Data link layer fundamental

Lecture (04 & 05) Data link layer fundamental Lecture (04 & 05) Data link layer fundamental Dr. Ahmed M. ElShafee ١ Agenda Foundation Topics Typical LAN Features for OSI Layer 1 Typical LAN Features for OSI Layer 2 Standards Overview 10BASE2 and 10BASE5

More information

1: Review Of Semester Provide an overview of encapsulation.

1: Review Of Semester Provide an overview of encapsulation. 1: Review Of Semester 1 1.1.1.1. Provide an overview of encapsulation. Networking evolves to support current and future applications. By dividing and organizing the networking tasks into separate layers/functions,

More information

Chapter 9 & 12: Wired LAN

Chapter 9 & 12: Wired LAN hapter 9 & 12: Wired LAN Abdullah Konak School of Information Sciences and Technology Penn State Berks LAN Applications and Models LANs P LANs (Office/Home Networks) High Speed Office Networks Backend

More information

Module 5. Broadcast Communication Networks. Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur

Module 5. Broadcast Communication Networks. Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur Module 5 Broadcast Communication Networks Lesson 5 High Speed LANs Token Ring Based Specific Instructional Objectives On completion, the student will be able to: Explain different categories of High Speed

More information

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 4: Chapter 4 Transmitting Bits

IT220 Network Standards & Protocols. Unit 4: Chapter 4 Transmitting Bits 1 IT220 Network Standards & Protocols Unit 4: Chapter 4 Transmitting Bits Objectives Differentiate among major types of LAN and WAN technologies and specifications and determine how each is used in a data

More information

Full file at

Full file at Guide to Networking Essentials, Sixth Edition 2-1 Chapter 2 Network Hardware Essentials At a Glance Instructor s Manual Table of Contents Overview Objectives Tips Quick Quizzes Class Discussion Topics

More information

Unit 10. Networks. Copyright 2005 Heathkit Company, Inc. All rights reserved.

Unit 10. Networks. Copyright 2005 Heathkit Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Unit 10 Networks Copyright 2005 Heathkit Company, Inc. All rights reserved. The basic components of a network: Connections (Physical Medium) Protocols (Common language) Services (Clients, Servers, and

More information

Introduction. High Speed LANs. Emergence of High-Speed LANs. Characteristics of High Speed LANS. Text ch. 6, High-Speed Networks and

Introduction. High Speed LANs. Emergence of High-Speed LANs. Characteristics of High Speed LANS. Text ch. 6, High-Speed Networks and High Speed LANs 3BA33 David Lewis 2 nd Semester 2006-07 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 1 Characteristics of High Speed LANS 3BA33 D.Lewis 2007 3 Introduction Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet Fibre Channel High-speed

More information

Internetworking is connecting two or more computer networks with some sort of routing device to exchange traffic back and forth, and guide traffic on

Internetworking is connecting two or more computer networks with some sort of routing device to exchange traffic back and forth, and guide traffic on CBCN4103 Internetworking is connecting two or more computer networks with some sort of routing device to exchange traffic back and forth, and guide traffic on the correct path across the complete network

More information

Chapter 2 Communicating Over the Network

Chapter 2 Communicating Over the Network Chapter 2 Communicating Over the Network Elements of Communication Communicating the Messages Continuous stream of bits 00101010100101010101010101010101010 I have to wait Single communications (e.g. video,

More information

NT1210 Introduction to Networking. Unit 6: Chapter 6, Wireless LANs

NT1210 Introduction to Networking. Unit 6: Chapter 6, Wireless LANs NT1210 Introduction to Networking Unit 6: Chapter 6, Wireless LANs Objectives Identify the major needs and stakeholders for computer networks and network applications. Identify the classifications of networks

More information

Data Communication. Introduction of Communication. Data Communication. Elements of Data Communication (Communication Model)

Data Communication. Introduction of Communication. Data Communication. Elements of Data Communication (Communication Model) Data Communication Introduction of Communication The need to communicate is part of man s inherent being. Since the beginning of time the human race has communicated using different techniques and methods.

More information

Objective: Select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect switches to other network devices and hosts

Objective: Select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect switches to other network devices and hosts Curriculum Name CCENT Study Guide 2 Section 9.2 Troubleshooting Layer 1 and Layer 2 Issues As you work through this troubleshooting section, you can review the material necessary to prepare you to obtain

More information

Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I

Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee Typical LAN Features for Physical layer Typical LAN Features for Data link layer Standards Overview 10BASE2 and 10BASE5 10BASE T

More information

Layer 2 functionality bridging and switching

Layer 2 functionality bridging and switching Layer 2 functionality bridging and switching BSAD 141 Dave Novak Sources: Network+ Guide to Networks, Dean 2013 Overview Layer 2 functionality Error detection Bridges Broadcast and collision domains How

More information

Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I

Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I Lecture (04) Network Access layer fundamentals I By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee ١ Dr. Ahmed ElShafee, ACU : Fall 2014, Computer Networks II Typical LAN Features for Physical layer Typical LAN Features for Data

More information

CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals. Chapter 09 Ethernet

CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals. Chapter 09 Ethernet CCNA Exploration Network Fundamentals Chapter 09 Ethernet Updated: 07/07/2008 1 9.0.1 Introduction 2 9.0.1 Introduction Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) maintains the functional protocols and services

More information

CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 18

CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks. Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 18 CMPE 150/L : Introduction to Computer Networks Chen Qian Computer Engineering UCSC Baskin Engineering Lecture 18 1 Final project demo Please do the demo THIS week to the TAs. Or you are allowed to use

More information

The Network Access Layer. In This Lecture. Network Access Layer. Hour 3

The Network Access Layer. In This Lecture. Network Access Layer. Hour 3 The Network Access Layer Hour 3 In This Lecture Explain what the Network Access layer is Discuss how TCP/IP's Network Access layer relates to the OSI networking model Explain what a network architecture

More information

Ethernet Hub. Campus Network Design. Hubs. Sending and receiving Ethernet frames via a hub

Ethernet Hub. Campus Network Design. Hubs. Sending and receiving Ethernet frames via a hub Campus Network Design Thana Hongsuwan Ethernet Hub 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. 1-1 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. BCMSN v2.0 1-2 Sending and receiving Ethernet frames

More information

Internetworking Concepts Overview. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 2-1

Internetworking Concepts Overview. 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 2-1 Internetworking Concepts Overview 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. 2-1 2000, Cisco Systems, Inc. www.cisco.com ICND v1.0a 2-2 Objectives On completion of this chapter, you will be able to perform the following

More information

Interface The exit interface a packet will take when destined for a specific network.

Interface The exit interface a packet will take when destined for a specific network. The Network Layer The Network layer (also called layer 3) manages device addressing, tracks the location of devices on the network, and determines the best way to move data, which means that the Network

More information

Review For Exam 2. Internetworking. Summary Questions. School of Business Eastern Illinois University. School of Business Eastern Illinois University

Review For Exam 2. Internetworking. Summary Questions. School of Business Eastern Illinois University. School of Business Eastern Illinois University School of Business Review For Exam 2 Wednesday 10/6/2004) Abdou Illia, Fall 2004 School of Business Internetworking 3 1. Name the two most known Medium Access Control Protocols found in LANs. How they

More information

Networking Fundamentals

Networking Fundamentals Networking Fundamentals Cable types and connectors Fiber A fiber optic cable consists of a bundle of glass threads, each of which is capable of transmitting messages modulated onto light waves. Fiber optics

More information

Medium Access Protocols

Medium Access Protocols Medium Access Protocols Summary of MAC protocols What do you do with a shared media? Channel Partitioning, by time, frequency or code Time Division,Code Division, Frequency Division Random partitioning

More information

Solved MCQ of Computer networking. Set-1

Solved MCQ of Computer networking. Set-1 Solved MCQ of Computer networking Set-1 1. The computer network is A) Network computer with cable B) Network computer without cable C) Both of the above D) None of the above 2. FDDI used which type of

More information

Ethernet Technologies

Ethernet Technologies Ethernet Technologies CCNA 1 v3 Module 7 NESCOT CATC 1 10 Mbps Ethernet Legacy Ethernet means: 10BASE5 10BASE2 10BASE-T Common features are: frame format timing parameters transmission process basic design

More information

Network basics. Unit objectives Describe the basic components of a network Identify characteristics of network technologies Analyze the OSI model

Network basics. Unit objectives Describe the basic components of a network Identify characteristics of network technologies Analyze the OSI model Network basics Unit objectives Describe the basic components of a network Identify characteristics of network technologies Analyze the OSI model Topic A Topic A: Network concepts Topic B: Network architectures

More information

LAN PROTOCOLS. Beulah A AP/CSE

LAN PROTOCOLS. Beulah A AP/CSE LAN PROTOCOLS Beulah A AP/CSE IEEE STANDARDS In 1985, the Computer Society of the IEEE started a project, called Project 802, to set standards to enable intercommunication among equipment from a variety

More information

Contents. Introduction to Networking. Preface...i. Introduction... xix

Contents. Introduction to Networking. Preface...i. Introduction... xix Contents Introduction to Networking Introduction to Networking Preface...i Key Topics...i Course Objectives...ii Pedagogical Features...ii Learning Objectives, Unit Summaries, Discussion Questions, and

More information

LAN. CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering. Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science

LAN. CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering. Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science 1 CS 4/55231 Internet Engineering Kent State University Dept. of Computer Science LECT-4A4 LAN 1 2 LAN Topologies-1 In the last class we saw how two computers can connect to each other. In this class we

More information

Data Communication. Chapter # 1: Introduction. By: William Stalling

Data Communication. Chapter # 1: Introduction. By: William Stalling Data Communication Chapter # 1: By: Introduction William Stalling Data Communication The exchange of data between two devices via some form of transmission medium such as cable wire. For data communications

More information

Chapter Seven. Local Area Networks: Part 1. Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User s Approach Seventh Edition

Chapter Seven. Local Area Networks: Part 1. Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User s Approach Seventh Edition Chapter Seven Local Area Networks: Part 1 Data Communications and Computer Networks: A Business User s Approach Seventh Edition After reading this chapter, you should be able to: State the definition of

More information

Local Area Networks (LANs): Packets, Frames and Technologies Gail Hopkins. Part 3: Packet Switching and. Network Technologies.

Local Area Networks (LANs): Packets, Frames and Technologies Gail Hopkins. Part 3: Packet Switching and. Network Technologies. Part 3: Packet Switching and Gail Hopkins Local Area Networks (LANs): Packets, Frames and Technologies Gail Hopkins Introduction Circuit Switching vs. Packet Switching LANs and shared media Star, bus and

More information

Communicating over the Network

Communicating over the Network Communicating over the Network Network Fundamentals Chapter 2 Version 4.0 1 Network Structure The elements of communication 3 common elements of communication Message source people/electronic devices need

More information

Special expressions, phrases, abbreviations and terms of Computer Networks

Special expressions, phrases, abbreviations and terms of Computer Networks access access point adapter Adderssing Realm ADSL (Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line) algorithm amplify amplitude analog antenna application architecture ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) AS (Autonomous

More information

Lesson 1: Network Communications

Lesson 1: Network Communications Lesson 1: Network Communications This lesson introduces the basic building blocks of network communications and some of the structures used to construct data networks. There are many different kinds of

More information

Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology for Diploma Studies

Darshan Institute of Engineering & Technology for Diploma Studies 1. Explain different network devices in detail. Or Explain NIC (Network Interface Card) in detail. Network interface cards are add on cards as hardware cards on the motherboard. This is additional hardware

More information

LAN Systems. Bus topology LANs

LAN Systems. Bus topology LANs Bus topology LANs LAN Systems Design problems: not only MAC algorithm, not only collision domain management, but at the Physical level the signal balancing problem (signal adjustment): Signal must be strong

More information

Local Area Networks. Ethernet LAN

Local Area Networks. Ethernet LAN Local Area Networks Ethernet 802.3 LAN -7-1 Local Area Networks (Lokale Netze) Wide Area Network LAN -7-2 Local Area Networks What is a LAN? Multiple systems attached to an often shared medium high total

More information