LiDAR for Urban Change Detection. Keith W. Cunningham, PhD Alaska Satellite Facility November 13, 2009

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1 LiDAR for Urban Change Detection Keith W. Cunningham, PhD Alaska Satellite Facility November 13, 2009

2 LiDAR LiDAR Light Detection and Ranging Building Footprints GIS outlines (planimetrics) GIS Geographic Information System Planimetrics GIS data of buildings & curbs Change Detection Comparing differences in data 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 1

3 LiDAR Scanning Laser Sweeps the ground Scan perpendicular to flight line 0.10 cm The laser beam diverges More divergence with distance The laser samples the ground Oblique samples are larger 0.10 cm 1,000 meters 2,000 meters 25 cm 70 cm 50 cm 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 2

4 LiDAR Returns First Return Second Return One Return Third Return Last Return 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 3

5 LiDAR vs. Photogrammetry Photogrammetry requires 2 separate views of a point to measure Z. LiDAR only requires one ground return to measure Z, so it is more efficient than photogrammetry. 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 4

6 LiDAR Data & Postings ASCII data with XYZ posting values same data rendered in a GIS layer. 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 5

7 LiDAR Postings Postings are not a regular grid, rather an irregular sampling. 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 6

8 LiDAR Swath Overlap 3rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 7

9 LiDAR Point Cloud 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 8

10 LiDAR Classification 3rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 9

11 LiDAR Modelling (a) (b) (c) Feature Extraction a) Aerial image. b) Elevations as gray value image. c) Gradient magnitude image. d) LiDAR postings & TIN e) Edge & Corner Detection Martin Huber, et al 2007 (d) (e) 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 10

12 LiDAR Edges & Corners 3rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 11

13 Masking Example 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 12

14 Draping Example Obliques Pictometry Bird s Eye 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 13

15 LiDAR Mask Dilation 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 14

16 LiDAR Footprint Extraction 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 15

17 LiDAR & Planimetrics 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 16

18 LiDAR vs. Heads-Up Digitizing Id Roof Lidar Diff % % % % % % % % % % % % na % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % Average % rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 17

19 LiDAR Change Detection Create LiDAR structure Mask Compare Structure Footprint with Mask Automated Change Detection In a spreadsheet Map Algebra 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 18

20 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 19

21 LiDAR Ratio Analysis 1.8 meter postings Structure Masking Auto Change Detection using Ratio Analysis 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 20

22 LiDAR Decision Tree New Feature: Pink & Yellow Missing Feature: Black No Change: White Possible Change: Gray Similar to a medical test with true positives & negatives and false positives & negatives 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 21

23 Change Validation 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 22

24 LiDAR & Relief Displacement Oblique Pictometry Bird s Eye 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 23

25 Thank You Keith W. Cunningham, PhD Alaska Satellite Facility 3 rd ALOS Joint PI Symposium, 9-13 Nov Keith W. Cunningham, PhD 24

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