H3C S9500E Series Routing Switches

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1 H3C S9500E Series Routing Switches IRF Configuration Guide Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Software version: S9500E-CMW520-R1725 Document version: 6W

2 Copyright 2011, Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. and its licensors All rights reserved Trademarks No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. H3C,, Aolynk,, H 3 Care,, TOP G,, IRF, NetPilot, Neocean, NeoVTL, SecPro, SecPoint, SecEngine, SecPath, Comware, Secware, Storware, NQA, VVG, V 2 G, V n G, PSPT, XGbus, N-Bus, TiGem, InnoVision and HUASAN are trademarks of Hangzhou H3C Technologies Co., Ltd. Notice All other trademarks that may be mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective owners The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

3 Preface The H3C S9500E documentation set includes 14 configuration guides, which describe the software features for the H3C S9500E Series Routing Switches and guide you through the software configuration procedures. These configuration guides also provide configuration examples to help you apply software features to different network scenarios. The IRF Configuration Guide describes the Intelligent Resilient Framework (IRF) technology developed by H3C. It covers the basic concepts and working process of an IRF, and describes how to configure and access an IRF virtual device. This preface includes: Audience Conventions About the H3C S9500E documentation set Obtaining documentation Technical support Documentation feedback Audience This documentation is intended for: Network planners Field technical support and servicing engineers Network administrators working with the S9500E series Conventions This section describes the conventions used in this documentation set. Command conventions Convention Boldface Italic Description Bold text represents commands and keywords that you enter literally as shown. Italic text represents arguments that you replace with actual values. [ ] Square brackets enclose syntax choices (keywords or arguments) that are optional. { x y... } [ x y... ] { x y... } * Braces enclose a set of required syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one. Square brackets enclose a set of optional syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one or none. Asterisk marked braces enclose a set of required syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select at least one.

4 Convention [ x y... ] * &<1-n> Description Asterisk marked square brackets enclose optional syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one choice, multiple choices, or none. The argument or keyword and argument combination before the ampersand (&) sign can be entered 1 to n times. # A line that starts with a pound (#) sign is comments. GUI conventions Convention Boldface Description Window names, button names, field names, and menu items are in Boldface. For example, the New User window appears; click OK. > Multi-level menus are separated by angle brackets. For example, File > Create > Folder. Symbols Convention WARNING CAUTION IMPORTANT NOTE TIP Description An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in personal injury. An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in data loss, data corruption, or damage to hardware or software. An alert that calls attention to essential information. An alert that contains additional or supplementary information. An alert that provides helpful information. Network topology icons Represents a generic network device, such as a router, switch, or firewall. Represents a routing-capable device, such as a router or Layer 3 switch. Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features. Port numbering in examples The port numbers in this document are for illustration only and might be unavailable on your switch. About the H3C S9500E documentation set The H3C S9500E documentation set includes: Category Documents Purposes Product description and Marketing brochures Describe product specifications and benefits.

5 Category Documents Purposes specifications Provide an in-depth description of software features Technology white papers and technologies. Hardware specifications and installation Software configuration Operations and maintenance Card datasheets Regulatory compliance and safety information Installation guide H3C N68 Cabinet Installation and Remodel Introduction H3C Pluggable SFP [SFP+][XFP] Transceiver Modules Installation Guide H3C High-End Network Products Hot-Swappable Module Manual Configuration guides Command references System log messages Trap messages MIB Companion Release notes Describe card specifications, features, and standards. Provides regulatory information and the safety instructions that must be followed during installation. Provides a complete guide to hardware installation and hardware specifications. Guides you through installing and remodeling H3C N68 cabinets. Guides you through installing SFP/SFP+/XFP transceiver modules. Describes the hot-swappable modules available for the H3C high-end network products, their external views, and specifications. Describe software features and configuration procedures. Provide a quick reference to all available commands. Explains the system log messages. Explains the trap messages. Describes the MIBs for the software release. Provide information about the product release, including the version history, hardware and software compatibility matrix, version upgrade information, technical support information, and software upgrading. Obtaining documentation You can access the most up-to-date H3C product documentation on the World Wide Web at Click the links on the top navigation bar to obtain different categories of product documentation: [Technical Support & Documents > Technical Documents] Provides hardware installation, software upgrading, and software feature configuration and maintenance documentation. [Products & Solutions] Provides information about products and technologies, as well as solutions. [Technical Support & Documents > Software Download] Provides the documentation released with the software version.

6 Technical support Documentation feedback You can your comments about product documentation to We appreciate your comments.

7 Contents Configuring IRF 1 IRF overview 1 Benefits 1 Application scenario 1 Basic concepts 2 Establishment, operation, and maintenance of an IRF fabric 4 Connecting the IRF member switches 5 Topology collection 6 Master election 7 IRF fabric management and maintenance 7 IRF fabric configuration task list 8 Configuration prerequisites 9 Pre-configuration 9 Non pre-configuration 10 Pre-configuring an IRF member switch in standalone mode 11 Binding a physical port to an IRF port 12 Setting a member ID for the switch 13 Specifying a priority for the switch 13 Enabling enhanced IRF mode 13 Configuration guidelines 13 Configuration procedure 14 Saving the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup 14 Switching operating mode 14 IRF modes 14 Configuration file auto-conversion 15 Switching the operating mode to IRF mode 15 Accessing an IRF fabric 15 Accessing the active MPU of an IRF fabric 15 Accessing a standby MPU of an IRF fabric 15 Configuring IRF member switches in IRF mode 16 Specifying an IRF domain ID for an IRF fabric 16 Configuring IRF ports 17 Setting a member ID for a switch 19 Specifying a priority for a member switch 19 Configuring a description for a member switch 19 Specifying the preservation time of the bridge MAC address 20 Enabling auto reboot for IRF fabric merge 21 Enabling automatic boot file updating 21 Setting the IRF link down report delay 22 Enabling IRF link failure detection and auto-recovery 23 Configuring MAD detection 23 Performing IRF configuration fast recovery 33 Configuration prerequisites 33 Configuration procedures 33 Displaying and maintaining an IRF fabric 34 IRF fabric configuration examples 34 LACP MAD detection-enabled configuration example (non pre-configuration mode) 35 BFD MAD detection-enabled IRF configuration example (pre-configuration mode) 38 ARP MAD detection-enabled IRF configuration example (pre-configuration mode) 40 i

8 Switching the operating mode of IRF member switches from IRF to standalone 43 Enhanced IRF mode configuration example (four switches forming an IRF fabric) 45 Index 1 ii

9 Configuring IRF IRF overview You can use the H3C Intelligent Resilient Framework (IRF) technology to connect and virtualize multiple switches into a virtual switch called an IRF fabric to provide data center class availability and scalability. IRF virtualization technology offers processing power, interaction, unified management, and uninterrupted maintenance of multiple switches. NOTE: Up to four switches of the same series can form an IRF fabric. Benefits IRF delivers the following benefits: Simplified topology and streamlined management. An IRF fabric appears as one node on the network. You can log in at any member switch to manage all members of the IRF fabric. Network scalability and resiliency. You can increase ports and network bandwidth of an IRF fabric simply by adding member switches. High availability and reliability. The member switches in an IRF fabric work in redundant mode. One member switch works as the master to manage and maintain the entire IRF fabric, and other member switches process services and provide backup. If the master fails, another member switch is elected as the new master to prevent service interruption. You can perform link aggregation not only for IRF links but also for physical links between the IRF fabric and its upper or lower layer devices for link redundancy. Application scenario Figure 1 shows an IRF fabric that comprises two switches, which appear as a single node to the upper and lower layer switches. 1

10 Figure 1 IRF application scenario Basic concepts Figure 2 IRF implementation schematic diagram Device A (MemberID=1) Active MPU of the member Standby MPU of the member IRF-Port2 IRF-Port1 Device B (MemberID=2) Active MPU of the member Standby MPU of the member Service XGE1/3/0/1 interface Physical IRF port IRF link After an IRF is formed. Suppose Device A is the master. XGE2/3/0/1 Physical IRF port Service interface IRF Master (MemberID=1) Active MPU of the IRF Standby MPU of the IRF Slave (MemberID=2) Standby MPU of the IRF Standby MPU of the IRF 2

11 Operating mode Device A and Device B in Figure 2 form an IRF fabric which has four MPUs (one active and three standby) and two interface cards. The IRF fabric manages both the physical and software resources of Device A and Device B. This section uses Figure 2 to explain the concepts that you might encounter when working with IRF. A switch can operate in either of the following two modes: Standalone mode The switch cannot form an IRF fabric with other switches. IRF mode The switch can connect with other switches to form an IRF fabric. You can change the operating mode of a switch at the command line interface (CLI). IRF member switch roles Roles of MPUs IRF uses two member switch roles: master and slave. When switches form an IRF fabric, they elect a master to manage the IRF fabric, and the other switches back up the master. When the master switch fails, another switch is elect as the new master to avoid service interruption. For more information about master election, see Master election. Each member switch in an IRF fabric has one or two MPUs (also called the supervision engines) and they play different roles, as follows: Role Description Local active main processing unit (MPU) Local standby MPU Global active MPU Global standby MPU The supervisor engine that manages the local switch. The supervisor engine backs up the local active MPU, and takes over when the local active MPU fails. The active MPU of the master switch. You configure and manage the entire IRF at the command line of the global active MPU. All MPUs except the active MPU of the master switch are global standby MPUs. IRF member ID IRF port You assign the active MPU of each member switch a unique ID to identify the switch in the IRF fabric. This ID is called the IRF member ID of the switch. By default, the standby MPU of a switch is automatically assigned the same ID as the active MPU. You can change the standby MPU ID of a member switch to quickly recover IRF configuration for a switch that has only one MPU as described in Performing IRF configuration fast recovery. An IRF port is a logical interface for the internal connection between IRF member switches. Each IRF member switch has two IRF ports: IRF-port 1 and IRF-port 2. An IRF port is activated when you bind a physical port to it. NOTE: In standalone mode, the IRF ports are named IRF-port1 and IRF-port2. In IRF mode, the IRF ports are named IRF-portn/1 and IRF-portn/2, where n is the member ID of the switch. In this manual, IRF-port1 and IRF-port2 are used. 3

12 Physical IRF port IRF partition Physical IRF ports are physical ports bound to an IRF port. They connect IRF member switches and forward IRF protocol packets and data packets between IRF member switches. Physical IRF ports can be electrical ports or optical ports. IRF partition occurs when an IRF fabric splits into two or more IRF fabrics because of IRF link failures, as shown in Figure 3. The partitioned IRF fabrics operate with the same IP address and cause routing and forwarding problems on the network. Figure 3 IRF partition IRF merge NOTE: When you unplug the card where a physical IRF port resides, IRF partition might occur. Therefore, when you unplug this kind of card, make sure that there are at least two physical IRF ports in UP state, and they are not on the same card. IRF merge occurs when two partitioned IRF fabrics re-unite or when you configure and connect two independent IRF fabrics to be one IRF fabric, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 IRF merge IRF 1 IRF 2 IRF Device A + = Device B XGE1/3/0/1 XGE2/3/0/1 IRF link Device A Device B Member priority Member priority determines the role of a member switch during the master election process. A member with a higher priority is more likely to be a master. The priority of a switch defaults to 1. You can modify the priority at the CLI. Establishment, operation, and maintenance of an IRF fabric IRF fabric management involves these stages: Connecting the IRF member switches, Topology collection, Master election, and IRF fabric management and maintenance. 4

13 Connecting the IRF member switches Connection medium To establish an IRF fabric, physically connect the physical IRF ports of member switches. The connection medium depends on the physical IRF ports supported by the switch. If you use electrical interfaces as physical IRF ports, use network cables (cross-over or straight-through) to connect them. This connection mode improves the usage of the available resources (electrical interfaces are used to forward data traffic when not bound to any IRF port, and used to forward packets between member switches when bound to IRF ports), and saves the cost as well (without the need to purchase optical module used for IRF connection). If you use optical ports as physical IRF ports, use fibers to connect them. This connection mode connects physical switches located very far at a distance and provides flexible application. NOTE: A good practice is to use 10G optical Ethernet interfaces as physical IRF ports. Connecting requirements As shown in Figure 5, connect the physical ports bound to IRF-Port1 on one switch to the physical ports bound to the IRF-Port2 on its neighbor switch. Figure 5 IRF fabric physical connection IRF topologies NOTE: An IRF port can be bound to a maximum of 12 physical ports to increase the bandwidth and reliability of the IRF port. IRF member switches typically adopt a daisy chain topology or ring topology, as shown in Figure 6. The daisy chain topology is mainly used in a network where member switches are distributedly located. The ring topology is more reliable than the daisy chain topology. In a daisy chained IRF fabric, the failure of one link can cause the IRF fabric to partition into two independent IRF fabrics; the failure of a link in a ring topology result in a daisy chain connection, not affecting IRF services. If two IRF member switches are far away from each other (for example, if they are in different cities), you can use a relay device to connect them, as shown in Figure 7. 5

14 Figure 6 IRF connections Figure 7 IRF connections Topology collection Each member exchanges IRF hello packets with neighbors to collect the topology data, including IRF port connection states, member IDs, priorities, and bridge MAC addresses. Each member is managed by its active MPU, which records its known topology information locally. At the startup of a member switch, the active MPU of the member switch records topology information of the member switch. When an IRF port of the member switch is up, the active MPU of the switch performs the following operations: 1. Periodically sends its known topology information from this port. 2. When receiving the topology information from the directly connected neighbor, it updates the local topology information. 3. If a standby MPU is available on the member switch, the active MPU synchronizes its recorded topology information to the standby MPU to ensure consistent topology information on both boards. 6

15 After all member switches have obtained topology information (known as topology convergence), the IRF fabric enters the role election stage. Master election Master election is held each time the topology changes, for example, when the IRF fabric is established, a new member switch is plugged in, the master switch fails or is removed, or the partitioned IRF fabrics merge. The master is elected based on the following rules in descending order: The current master, even if a new member has a higher priority. (When an IRF fabric is being formed, all member switches consider themselves as the master, and this rule is skipped) The switch with a higher priority. The switch with the longest system up-time. (The member switches exchange system up-time in the IRF hello packets) The switch with the lowest bridge MAC address. The IRF fabric is formed on election of the master. NOTE: During an IRF merge, an IRF election is held, the switches of the IRF fabric that fails the master election must reboot to re-join the IRF fabric that wins the election. Then, the switch reboots with the execution of a command. After a master election, all slave member switches initialize and reboot with the configuration on the master, and their original configuration, even if has been saved, will be lost. IRF fabric management and maintenance Member ID After the IRF fabric is established, you can access the master from any member switch to manage all the resources of the member switches. An IRF fabric uses member IDs to uniquely identify and manage its members. For example, if an interface on a switch that operates in standalone mode is named GigabitEthernet 3/0/1. After the switch joins an IRF fabric, it receives a member ID of 2. The name of the interface changes to GigabitEthernet 2/3/0/1. Member ID is also used in file management. For example, when the switch operates in standalone mode, the path of a file was slot1#flash:/test.cfg. After the switch joins an IRF fabric, the path changes to chassis1#slot1#flash:/test.cfg, which indicates that the file is saved on the board in slot 1 of member switch 1. Therefore, member IDs must be unique. NOTE: Member IDs and priorities are configured per switch. If you set the member ID or priority for a member switch, the configuration is first saved on the active MPU of the member switch, and then synchronized to the standby MPU. If the active MPU and standby MPU of a member switch keep different member IDs, the member ID kept by the active MPU is applied. For example, if the switch with the member ID of 2 has only one active MPU, after you plug in a standby MPU that keeps a member ID of 1, the member ID of the switch is still 2 and the member ID kept on the standby MPU is synchronized to 2. 7

16 IRF fabric topology maintenance As soon as a member switch is down or an IRF link is down, its neighbor switches broadcast the leaving of the switch to other members. When a member switch receives the leave message, it looks up its IRF topology database to determine whether the leaving switch is the master. If yes, the member switch starts a master election and updates its IRF topology database. If the leaving switch is not a master, the member switch directly updates its IRF topology database. NOTE: An IRF port goes down only when all its physical IRF ports are down. IRF multi-active detection An IRF link failure causes an IRF fabric to split in two IRF fabrics operating with the same Layer 3 configurations, such as the same IP address. To avoid IP address collisions and network problems, IRF uses the multi-active detection (MAD) mechanism to detect the presence of multiple identical IRF fabrics and handle collisions. MAD provides the following functions: 1. Detection MAD detects multiple identical active IRF devices with the same global configuration by extending the Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), the Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) protocol, or the Gratuitous Address Resolution (ARP) protocol. For more information, see Configuring MAD detection. 2. Collision handling If multiple identical active IRF fabrics are detected, only the IRF fabric that has the lowest master ID can operate in active state and forward traffic normally. MAD sets all other IRF fabrics in recovery state (disabled) and shuts down all physical ports but the console and physical IRF ports and other ports you have specified with the mad exclude interface command. 3. Failure recovery An IRF link failure triggers IRF fabric partition and causes multi-active collision. In this case, repair the failed IRF link to make the collided IRF fabrics merge into one and recover the failure. If the IRF fabric in recovery state fails before the failure is recovered, repair both the failed IRF fabric and the failed IRF link, and then the collided IRF fabrics can merge into one and the failure is recovered. If the IRF fabric in active state fails before the failure is recovered, enable the IRF fabric in recovery state at the CLI to make it take over the active IRF fabric and protect the services from being affected. Then, recover the MAD failure. NOTE: For information about LACP, see Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide. For information about BFD, see High Availability Configuration Guide. For information about gratuitous ARP, see Layer 3 IP Services Configuration Guide. IRF fabric configuration task list There are two IRF fabric configuration methods, pre-configuration and non pre-configuration. The pre-configuration method is recommended because only one switch reboot is needed to complete the configuration. 8

17 Configuration prerequisites Configure a higher priority for a member switch that features good performance and rich functions so that the switch can be elected as the master when two switches form an IRF fabric for the first time. If you use a physical port of a switch as a physical IRF port when the switch operates in standalone mode, the services configured on the port will become ineffective after the switch switches to IRF mode. Make preparations in advance to ensure services are not affected. Before establishing an IRF fabric, make sure that the system working mode of the member switches is the same. If not, the IRF fabric cannot be established. For more information about the system working mode, see Fundamentals Configuration Guide. The member switches of an IRF fabric must work in the same rule match mode. This means that you must configure the acl ipv6 enable command, or the acl ipv6 disable command on the switches. For more information about the acl ipv6 command, see ACL and QoS Configuration Guide. The member switches of an IRF fabric must be configured with the same VPN label processing mode. This means that you must configure the vpn popgo command or the undo vpn popgo command on the switches. For more information about the vpn popgo command, see ACL and MPLS Configuration Guide. Before establishing an IRF fabric, check that enhanced IRF mode is enabled on all member switches or disabled on all member switches. If enhanced IRF mode is enabled on some member switches but disabled on the others, the IRF fabric cannot be established. For more information about enhanced IRF mode, see Enabling enhanced IRF mode. Pre-configuration Pre-configuration allows you to configure IRF ports, member IDs, and member priority on a switch operating in standalone mode. These configurations do not affect the running of the switch, and take effect only when the switch switches to IRF mode. Adopt this method to configure an IRF fabric before establishing it. To enable switches operating in standalone mode to form an IRF fabric, you must pre-configure their member IDs and switch their operating modes. If you configure the priority for a switch as the greatest value when the switch operates in standalone mode, this switch can win the master election and become the master after multiple switches form an IRF fabric for the first time. If you configure IRF ports for member switches operating in standalone mode, they can directly form an IRF fabric with other switches after their operating mode is switched to IRF. Pre-configurations enable the member switches to reboot only once to establish an IRF fabric. Complete these tasks to configure an IRF fabric in pre-configuration mode: Task Pre-configuring an IRF member switch in standalone mode Binding a physical port to an IRF port Setting a member ID for the switch Specifying a priority for the switch Remarks Enabling enhanced IRF mode Saving the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup Perform this task to use three or four switches to form an IRF fabric. 9

18 Task Physically connecting two switches operating in standalone mode Switching operating mode Activating the physical IRF ports of the member switches by using the undo shutdown command Remarks Optical Ethernet interfaces and electrical Ethernet interfaces (except combo ports) can be used as physical IRF ports. Be sure to connect the switches according to the requirements described in the section Connecting requirements Otherwise, they cannot form an IRF fabric. Accessing an IRF fabric Configuring IRF member switches in IRF mode Accessing the active MPU of an IRF fabric Accessing a standby MPU of an IRF fabric Configuring a description for a member switch Specifying the preservation time of the bridge MAC address Enabling auto reboot for IRF fabric merge Enabling automatic boot file updating Setting the IRF link down report delay Enabling IRF link failure detection and auto-recovery Configuring MAD detection Performing IRF configuration fast recovery Non pre-configuration Non pre-configuration allows you to configure the member ID for a switch operating in standalone mode, switch the operating mode to IRF mode, and then configure parameters such as a new member ID and member priority (during the whole process, the member switches may reboot for multiple times). Use this method when you need to modify the running configuration. For example, Change the member ID of a switch to a specified value. NOTE: Changing member ID might cause ineffectiveness of some member ID-related configurations. Modify the priority of a member switch to make sure it is elected as the master in the next master election. 10

19 Modify the binding between an IRF port and physical IRF ports (such as deleting a binding or adding a new binding), and the configuration of IRF ports may affect the operation of the switch (for example, causing IRF partition, or IRF merge). Complete these tasks to configure an IRF fabric in non pre-configuration mode: Task Setting a member ID for the switch Enabling enhanced IRF mode Saving the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup Switching operating mode Remarks Perform this task to use three or four switches to form an IRF fabric. Accessing an IRF fabric Configuring IRF member switches in IRF mode Accessing the active MPU of an IRF fabric Accessing a standby MPU of an IRF fabric Configuring IRF ports Setting a member ID for the switch Specifying a priority for a member switch Physically connecting two switches operating in standalone mode Configuring a description for a member switch Specifying the preservation time of the bridge MAC address Enabling auto reboot for IRF fabric merge Enabling automatic boot file updating Setting the IRF link down report delay Enabling IRF link failure detection and auto-recovery Configuring MAD detection Performing IRF configuration fast recovery Be sure to connect the switches according to the requirements described in the section Connecting requirements. Otherwise, they cannot form an IRF fabric. Pre-configuring an IRF member switch in standalone mode You can configure the IRF ports, member ID, and member priority for the switch when it is operating in standalone mode. Configurations take effect when the operating mode of the switch switches to IRF. 11

20 Binding a physical port to an IRF port To establish IRF connection, you must assign the physical ports that connect IRF member switches to IRF ports. An IRF port can be bound to a maximum of 12 physical ports and is known as an aggregate IRF port, which can be realized by repeatedly executing the port group interface command. This allows two switches to be connected through 12 Ethernet cables or fibers to increase the bandwidth and reliability of the IRF port. To bind a physical port to an IRF port: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Enter physical IRF port view interface interface-number interface-type Shut down the port shutdown when two member switches have more than one pair of physical IRF ports connected. Return to system view quit Create an IRF port and enter IRF port view when the switch operates in standalone mode (if the IRF port is already created, this command enters IRF port view) Bind a physical IRF port to the IRF port Verify the binding configuration irf-port port-number port group interface interface-type interface-number display irf configuration [ { begin exclude include } regular-expression ] By default, no IRF port is created on the switch. By default, an IRF port is not bound to any physical IRF port. Make sure that the binding is as expected. If the binding is incorrect, IRF cabling errors may occur, resulting in IRF establishment failure. CAUTION: A combo port cannot be bound to an IRF port. For information about combo ports, see Interface Configuration Guide. Save the configurations to the startup configuration file so that the configurations can take effect when the switch is switched to IRF mode. In standalone mode, binding a physical port to an IRF port does not affect the running configuration of the port. However, when the operating mode changes to IRF mode, the default configuration of the physical IRF port restores, and you can only execute the shutdown and description commands on the physical port. For more information about the shutdown and description commands, see Interface Command Reference. 12

21 Setting a member ID for the switch A switch by default operates in standalone mode without an IRF member ID. You must assign it an IRF member ID before you can set it in IRF mode. You can execute the display irf configuration command and check the MemberID field. If the switch has no IRF member ID, the field displays two hyphens (--). To avoid member ID collision with other members when the switch is added into an IRF fabric, plan the member ID of this switch when it operates in standalone mode. To set a member ID for the switch: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Set a member ID for the switch when it operates in standalone mode irf member member-id By default, no member ID is set for the switch. Specifying a priority for the switch To specify a priority for the switch: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Specify a priority for the switch when it operates in standalone mode irf priority priority The priority of the switch defaults to 1. Enabling enhanced IRF mode The enhanced IRF mode allows you to create an IRF fabric comprising up to four member switches. Both standalone and IRF modes support enhanced IRF mode. Configuration guidelines Follow these guidelines: In standalone mode, you can enable enhanced IRF mode directly. In IRF mode, If no Layer-3 Ethernet ports exist and no VPLS and MAC-in-MAC instances exist, you can enable enhanced IRF mode directly. If Layer-3 Ethernet ports exist, you must change them to Layer-2 Ethernet ports (prompt information available) before you can enable enhanced IRF mode. If no Layer-3 Ethernet ports exist but VPLS or MAC-in-MAC instances exist, you must reboot the switch (prompt information available) before you can enable enhanced IRF mode. For more information about Layer-3 Ethernet ports, see Interface Configuration Guide. For more information about VPLS, see MPLS Configuration Guide. For more information about MAC-in-MAC, see Layer-2----LAN Switching Configuration Guide. 13

22 You must use the save command to save the configuration after you perform this task. To disable enhanced IRF mode with the undo irf mode enhanced command after you enable enhanced IRF mode in IRF mode, the member switches must be no more than two and each member switch must have only one IRF port; otherwise, the enhanced IRF mode cannot be disabled. Before emerging IRF fabrics, check that enhanced IRF mode is enabled on all member switches or disabled on all member switches. If enhanced IRF mode is enabled on some member switches but disabled on the others, the IRF fabrics cannot be merged. Before IRF merge, if enhanced IRF mode is enabled on all IRF member switches, you must reboot all IRF members except any one of them to complete IRF merge. Configuration procedure To enable enhanced IRF mode: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Enable enhanced IRF mode irf mode enhanced Not enabled by default. Saving the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup To save the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup: To do Use the command Remarks Save the running configuration to the configuration file to be used at the next system startup save [ safely ] [ force ] Available in any view. Switching operating mode IRF modes The switch works in either standalone or IRF mode. A standalone switch does not belong to any IRF fabric. To assign a standalone switch to an IRF fabric, you must switch the operating mode to IRF mode before adding it to an IRF fabric. An IRF mode switch can itself form an IRF fabric or form an IRF fabric with other IRF mode switches. To save management costs and system resources, set a switch in IRF mode only when you are creating a multi-member IRF fabric. By default, a switch is operating in standalone mode. The switch reboots when its operating mode changes to IRF mode. 14

23 Configuration file auto-conversion When you change the operating mode of the switch from standalone to IRF, you can use the configuration file auto-conversion function to convert the startup configuration file to prevent some slot- or interface-related configurations from becoming invalid. For example, this function can convert the slot slot-number parameter set in standalone mode to the chassis chassis-number slot slot-number parameter in IRF mode, and add the chassis ID in an interface number. Switching the operating mode to IRF mode To switch the operating mode of the switch to IRF mode: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Switch the operating mode of the switch to IRF mode chassis convert mode irf The default operating mode is standalone mode. NOTE: To display the member ID of the switch, use the display irf configuration command. If the MemberID field is displayed as, the member ID of the switch is not set yet, and you need to use the irf member command to configure it. When you switch the operating mode, the switch reboots automatically to make the change effective. H3C recommends that you save the running configuration before switching the operating mode. To switch the operating mode of the switch to standalone mode, use the undo chassis convert mode irf command. Accessing an IRF fabric Accessing the active MPU of an IRF fabric Access an IRF fabric in one of the following ways: Local login Log in on the AUX or console port of a member switch. Remote login Remotely log in at a Layer 3 Ethernet interface on any member switch through Telnet, the web, or SNMP. When you log in to an IRF fabric, you are placed at the CLI of its active MPU, regardless of at which member switch you are logged in. The active MPU of the IRF fabric is the configuration and control center of the IRF fabric. You make configuration for the IRF fabric on the active MPU, and the IRF fabric synchronizes the configurations to all standby MPUs in the virtual IRF device. Accessing a standby MPU of an IRF fabric You can log in to the CLI of a standby MPU of the IRF fabric to display its configurations and debug the standby MPU. When you switch from the active MPU s CLI to the standby MPU s CLI, you are placed in the user view of the standby MPU and the command prompt changes to 15

24 <Sysname-Slave#member-ID/slot-number>, for example, <Sysname-Slave#1/0>. You can perform the following commands at the CLI of the standby MPU of an IRF fabric: display quit return system-view debugging terminal debugging terminal logging terminal monitor terminal trapping To return to the CLI of the active MPU of the IRF fabric, use the quit command. To log in to the CLI of a standby MPU in the IRF fabric: To do Use the command Remarks Log in to a standby MPU of an IRF fabric irf switch-to chassis chassis-number slot slot-number By default, you are placed at the CLI of the active MPU of the IRF fabric when you log in to the IRF fabric. Available in user view Configuring IRF member switches in IRF mode Specifying an IRF domain ID for an IRF fabric Introduction to domain IRF uses IRF domain IDs to uniquely identify IRF fabrics. IRF domain IDs prevent IRF fabrics from interfering with one another. See Figure 8, Device A and Device B form IRF fabric 1, and Switch A and Switch B form IRF fabric 2. The fabrics have LACP MAD detection links between them. When a member switch in one IRF fabric receives an extended LACP packet for MAD detection, it looks at the domain ID in the packet to see whether the packet is from the local IRF fabric or from a different IRF fabric. Then, the switch can handle the packet correctly. 16

25 Figure 8 A network that comprises two IRF domains Core network Device A IRF 1 (domain 10) XGE1/3/0/1 IRF link XGE2/3/0/1 Device B Switch A IRF 2 (domain 20) Switch B IRF link Access network Assigning a domain ID to an IRF fabric To assign a domain ID to an IRF fabric: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Assign a domain ID to the IRF fabric irf domain domain-id if LACP MAD or ARP MAD is adopted. if BFD MAD is adopted. By default, the domain ID of an IRF fabric is 0. Configuring IRF ports To bring the IRF function into work, you must connect the IRF member switches, assign the connecting physical ports to the appropriate IRF port on each member switch, and activate the IRF port configuration. After the IRF port configuration is activated, the IRF ports go up, a master election is held, and the switches that has failed in the election automatically reboot to join the IRF fabric as slave switches. To configure IRF ports: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view 17

26 To do Use the command Remarks Enter physical IRF port view interface interface-number interface-type Shut down the port shutdown Return to system view quit Create an IRF port and enter IRF port view Bind a physical IRF port to the IRF port Verify the binding configuration irf-port member-id/port-number port group interface interface-type interface-number display irf configuration [ { begin exclude include } regular-expression ] By default, no IRF port is created on the switch. By default, an IRF port is not bound to any physical IRF port. Make sure that the binding is as expected. If the binding is incorrect, IRF cabling errors may occur, resulting in IRF establishment failure. Return to system view quit Enter physical IRF port view interface interface-number interface-type Bring up the port undo shutdown Return to system view quit NOTE: After you bind a physical port to an IRF port, all services configured before the binding on the physical port become invalid. Make sure that the previous services are not interrupted. To bind several physical IRF ports to an IRF port, execute the port group interface command multiple times. Aggregate IRF ports expand network bandwidth and provide link redundancy. The maximum number of physical IRF ports that can be bound to an IRF port is 12. When the upper limit is reached, the execution of this command fails. Before you create or remove an IRF port binding, always shut down the physical IRF port. After you are finished, perform the undo shutdown command to bring up the port. If the system prevents you from shutting down a port for avoiding anomalies, follow the system instructions to disable its peer port. A combo port cannot be bound to an IRF port. For information about combo ports, see Interface Configuration Guide. If a common Ethernet interface functions as a physical IRF port and is bound to an IRF port, you can execute the shutdown, description, flow-control, oam enable, oam loopback, and oam mode commands only on the physical IRF port. For more information about the shutdown, description, and flow-control commands, see Interface Command Reference. To make sure that the configuration takes effect at the next switch startup, save configurations to the startup configuration file that will be used at the next startup after binding a physical port to an IRF port or canceling the binding. 18

27 Setting a member ID for a switch An IRF fabric uses member IDs to uniquely identify its members. A lot of information and configurations relate to member IDs, such as port (physical or logical) numbers, configurations on ports, and member priorities. After you change the member ID of a switch: If you do not reboot the switch, the original member ID still takes effect and all physical resources are identified by the original member ID. In the configuration file, only the IRF port numbers, configurations on IRF ports, and priority of the switch change with the member ID, other configurations do not change. If you save the running configuration and reboot the switch, the new member ID takes effect and all physical resources are identified by the new member ID. In the configuration file, only the IRF port numbers, configurations on IRF ports, and priority of the switch still take effect, other configurations (such as configuration for physical IRF ports, value of the chassis keyword which adopts the original member ID) no longer take effect and you need to configure them again. To set a member ID for a switch: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Set a member ID for a member switch irf member member-id renumber new-member-id The member ID of a switch defaults to 1. CAUTION: Member ID changes take effect at the reboot of the switch. Change member IDs for the switches in an IRF fabric with caution. The change might cause configuration change and even data loss. Specifying a priority for a member switch To specify a priority for a member switch: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Specify a priority for a member switch irf member member-id priority priority The priority of a member defaults to 1. Configuring a description for a member switch You can configure a description for a member switch to identify its physical location, or for any other management purpose. To configure a description for a member switch: 19

28 To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Configure the description for a member switch irf member member-id description text Not configured by default. Specifying the preservation time of the bridge MAC address A switch uses the bridge MAC address when it communicates with the external networks as a bridge. Some Layer 2 protocols (like LACP) use bridge MAC addresses to identify different switches. During Layer 2 packet forwarding, if the destination MAC address of a packet is the bridge MAC address of a switch, the packet is sent to this switch; otherwise, the packet is discarded. This means the bridge switch on your network must have a unique bridge MAC address. If multiple devices on your network have the same bridge MAC addresses, bridge MAC address collision occurs and the communication fails. An IRF fabric communicates with external networks as a single switch and has a bridge MAC address. Typically, an IRF fabric uses the bridge MAC address of its master. Bridge MAC address collision causes communication failure, and bridge MAC address switching causes traffic interruption. Properly configure the preservation time of the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric to avoid this issue. Bridge MAC address collision occurs and causes network communication problems when a master leaves an IRF fabric to join another IRF fabric or to operate in a standalone manner and the IRF fabric is configured to permanently preserve the bridge MAC address, bridge MAC address collision occurs and thus causes network communication problem. Unnecessary bridge MAC address switching occurs causing the flow interruption when the master leaves the IRF fabric because of a reboot or link failure, and the IRF fabric is configured to change its bridge MAC address as soon as the master leaves. To avoid these issues, configure the preservation time of the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric according to your network status: Preserve for six minutes: When the master leaves, the bridge MAC address does not change for six minutes. If the master does not come back within six minutes, the IRF fabric uses the bridge MAC address of the newly elected master as its bridge MAC address. If the master leaves for a short time because of a master reboot or link failure, but then returns to the IRF fabric, specify this setting to minimize flow interruption caused by unnecessary bridge MAC address switch. Preserve permanently: The bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric does not change no matter how long the master leaves the IRF fabric. Not preserved: When the master leaves, the IRF fabric uses the bridge MAC address of the newly elected master as its bridge MAC address. To specify the preservation time of the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Configure the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric to be preserved permanently when the master leaves irf mac-address persistent always By default, the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric is 20

29 To do Use the command Remarks Specify the preservation time of the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric as 6 minutes when the master leaves Configure that the bridge MAC address of the IRF fabric changes as soon as the master leaves irf mac-address persistent timer undo irf mac-address persistent preserved permanently when the master leaves. CAUTION: Bridge MAC address change may cause a temporary traffic interruption. If two IRF fabrics have the same bridge MAC address, they cannot be merged into one IRF fabric. If you use ARP MAD together with the spanning tree feature for an IRF fabric, enable the IRF fabric to change its bridge MAC address as soon as the master leaves by using the undo irf mac-address persistent command. If the VRRP load balancing function is enabled when the switch operates in IRF mode, you must configure the preservation time of IRF bridge MAC address as permanently preserved (which is the default setting). For more information about VRRP, see High Availability Configuration Guide. Enabling auto reboot for IRF fabric merge When merging IRF fabrics, you must reboot the member switches in the IRF fabric that has been defeated in the master election. The auto reboot function enables the IRF fabric to automatically reboot all its member switches to complete the merge. This function can work only when it is enabled on both IRF fabrics that are merging. To enable auto reboot for IRF fabric merge: To do Use the command Remarks Enter system view system-view Enable auto reboot for IRF fabric merge irf auto-merge enable Disabled by default. NOTE: The auto reboot function does not take effect on the IRF fabric merge caused by binding a physical port to an IRF port in IRF mode. You must manually reboot the switches that have been defeated in the master selection to complete the merge. Enabling automatic boot file updating When auto upgrade of boot files is disabled and the boot files of slaves and the master are different versions, the new member or the member with a low priority do not boot normally. Update the switch version and add the switch into the IRF fabric again. When auto upgrade of boot file is enabled, the IRF fabric compares its software version with that of the master as soon as a switch is added into an IRF fabric. If the versions are not the same, the switch automatically downloads the boot file from the master, reboots with the new boot file, and 21

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