Origins of G.fast and its Role in future FTTH deployments. Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO

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1 Origins of G.fast and its Role in future FTTH deployments Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO 1

2 Origins of G.fast and its Role in future FTTH deployments Rob F.M. van den Brink - TNO 2

3 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..???? Bitrate 1 Gb/s 4GBB 100 Mb/s 3GBB 10 Mb/s 1M b/s 2GBB 100 kb/s 1GBB (c) TNO? time --> Higher bitrates? The demand for it keeps growing 3

4 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? 2007: FP6 project MUSE, Task Force 2: BT, TNO, Ericsson, ULUND, Discussion: What comes after VDSL? VDSL: 35 Mb/s up to 800m (with vectoring!) VDSL: 80 Mb/s up to 400m (with vectoring!) VDSL: 125Mb/s at zero meter VDSL with vectoring & Bonding: increase to190% Discussion: will it be (full) Fiber to the Home? 4

5 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? Evolution of telco solutions in offering Broadband Voice band modems ISDN, ADSL1 1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s) < 6km copper ADSL2 ADSL2plus 2GBB (up to 10 Mb/s) < 6km copper FttCAB 3GBB (up to 100Mb/s) VDSL2 < 1km copper FttH 4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s) FttH Meter closet (c) TNO 5

6 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? Evolution of telco solutions in offering Broadband Voice band modems ISDN, ADSL1 1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s) < 6km copper ADSL2 ADSL2plus 2GBB (up to 10 Mb/s) < 6km copper FttCAB 3GBB (up to 100Mb/s) FttH 4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s) (c) TNO Hybrid FttH Full FttH VDSL2 < 1km copper m Curb Basement Meter closet 6

7 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? Evolution of telco solutions in offering Broadband Voice band modems ISDN, ADSL1 1GBB (up to 1 Mb/s) < 6km copper ADSL2 ADSL2plus 2GBB (up to 10 Mb/s) < 6km copper FttCAB VDSL2 3GBB (up to 100Mb/s) FttH Hybrid FttH < 1km copper Curb Missing Link m 4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s) Full FttH Basement (c) TNO Meter closet 7

8 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? 2008: FP7 project proposal Omega DSL : BT, TNO, Ericsson, ULUND, Discussion: up to 1 Gb/s via m telephony cabling? What are the techno-economic drivers for it? Is it technically feasible via copper? Can we transmit >100MHz via telephony wiring? Can we initiate a world-wide standard for it? Can we bring the industry into motion? Aren t we not too late for that? The next generation BroadBand requires up to 1 Gb/s!! 8

9 1. And suddenly there was G.fast..? : Celtic project Enabling 4GBB 4GBB Consortium members: Partners participating part of the project 9

10 Question in 2009 Why copper if you can bring 1 Gb/s via fiber as well? 10

11 2. Techno-economic drivers for DSL beyond VDSL FttH FttH 4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s) Meter closet (c) TNO 2009: Only one flavor of FTTH available into the Home 11

12 2. Techno-economic drivers for DSL beyond VDSL FttH Missing Technology Hybrid FttH Curb m 4GBB (up to 1 Gb/s) (c) TNO Full FttH Basement Meter closet Multiple flavors of FTTH needed into the Home Full FTTH upto the Home Hybrid FTTH 12

2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Hybrid

Full FTTH upto the Home Hybrid FTTH Why: hybrid

costs for digging/installation when copper can be

13 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Hybrid FTTH is complementary to Full FTTH into the Home Full FTTH upto the Home Hybrid FTTH Why: hybrid has possible techno-economic advantages may save costs for digging/installation when copper can be reused may save installation time, so faster roll-out 13

14 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Digging and drilling: - Too expensive - Not allowed in historical areas - Inconvenient in shopping area 14

15 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Digging and drilling: - Too expensive - Not allowed in historical areas - Inconvenient in shopping area 15

16 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Digging and drilling: - Too expensive - Not allowed in historical areas - Inconvenient in shopping area Hybrid FTTH (with G.Fast) brings opportunities Less digging and drilling Shortens installation time Does not disturb customers Allows for self-install in premises (No appointment needed) Postpones huge investment Cost effective compared to Full FTTH! 16

17 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Example use case #1 Dense areas Hybrid FTTH reduces the amount of digging / drilling Quick-win Digging in historic city centers is a problem Digging in busy shopping streets is a problem 17

18 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Example use case #1 Dense areas Hybrid FTTH reduces the amount of digging / drilling Quick-win Digging in historic city centers is a problem Digging in busy shopping streets is a problem 18

considered as the ideal Full FTTH scenario Quick-win

complicated then aimed Drilling in floors of all

19 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Example use case #2 High rise buildings In the past considered as the ideal Full FTTH scenario Quick-win G.fast node Full FTTH in practice far more complicated then aimed Drilling in floors of all stacked meter closets, all in one day! Not in my Home and Not at Home problems 19

20 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Example use case #3 Flashnet Flashnet was aimed at the ideal Full FTTH scenario Quick-win Roughly connections scattered all over the Netherlands Empty tube, aimed for fiber in the future MOKAP Copper cable Tubes, with copper cables Aimed for replacing copper by fiber in the future But in practice it does not work that easy 20

operators communicated their use-cases in BBF Single Fiber

deployment strategy: A mix between Hybrid and Full FTTH Use

21 2. Techno-economic drivers for Hybrid FTTH Example use case ## many others (country specific) From street poles (BT) Various operators communicated their use-cases in BBF Single Fiber extension (Orange) Mobile back hauling (Ericsson) etc Expected deployment strategy: A mix between Hybrid and Full FTTH Use Hybrid FTTH where attractive Otherwise stay with VDSL, migrate to Full FTTH or skip 21

22 Question in 2009 Can we transport up to 1 Gb/s via telephony wiring? 22

23 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz Measurement setup 23

24 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz Key problem: Instrument does not measure what I would like to know! reference plane Measurement setup 24

25 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz (c) TNO multi-port network analyzer E R R O R E R R O R adaptor reference plane test loop adaptor reference plane reference plane schematic diagram Measurement setup 25

26 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz (c) TNO multi-port network analyzer E R R O R E R R O R adaptor reference plane test CalSet loop ("Loads") ("Opens") (many "Thrus") adaptor reference plane reference plane use known networks to measure the errors, and to correct for it via software post-processing 26 Measurement setup solve 140 equations to find 48 unknown (for each frequency)

27 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz (c) TNO multi-port network analyzer E R R O R E R R O R adaptor reference plane test CalSet loop ("Loads") ("Opens") (many "Thrus") adaptor reference plane reference plane use known networks. Measurement setup calibration set, for error correction 27

28 3. Multiport cable measurement setup, up to 500 MHz (c) TNO multi-port network analyzer E R R O R E R R O R adaptor reference plane test CalSet loop ("Loads") ("Opens") (many "Thrus") adaptor reference plane use known networks. Measurement setup calibration set, for error correction 28

29 4. Characterizing the copper environment CAT5-quality 4 twisted-pairs shielded intended for Gb Ethernet networks 232m, CAT5, 4 twisted-pairs 61m, CAT5, 4 twisted-pairs 29

30 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced Transmission: 5.7 db / 10MHz 18.6 db / 100MHz Balanced Transmission - (CAT5, m, Shielded) [db] differential mode -60 (c) TNO M 100M 150M 200M 250M 300M 350M 400M 450M 500M [Hz] 0 Balanced Transmission - (CAT5, m, Shielded) [db] (c) TNO 2010 differential mode -80 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G [Hz] 30

31 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk: much better then excellent 0-20 Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (CAT5, 232m, Shielded) [db] Theoretical bitrates (in 2010): use of VDSL2, 30 MHz spectra: use of 2 bonded pairs ( quads ) use of classic simulation models 50m >500 Mb/s 200m >460 Mb/s more with dedicated DSL / G.hn (c) TNO 2010 measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=232m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) M 100M 150M 200M 250M 300M Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (CAT5, 232m, Shielded) [db] measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=232m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) [Hz] (c) TNO k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 1G [Hz] 31

32 4. Characterizing the copper environment 30 twisted-quads (2 2 pair) shielded telephony wiring for buildings interconnection with measurement setup 525m on a drum 32

33 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced Transmission: 3.5 db / 10MHz 13 db / 100MHz Balanced Transmission - (TelCable/30q, 525m, 378m all) [db] differential mode (c) TNO M 20M 30M 40M 50M 60M 70M 80M 90M 100M [Hz] Balanced Transmission - (TelCable/30q, 525m, 378m all) [db] differential mode (c) TNO k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M [Hz] 33

34 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk: excellent quality 0-20 Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (TelCable/30q, 525m, 378malien-gw5) [db] thoughts on bitrates: use of VDSL2, 30 MHz spectra: use of 2 bonded pairs ( quads ) use of classic simulation models 50m >350 Mb/s 200m >280 Mb/s more with dedicated DSL / G.hn (c) TNO 2010 measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=525m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) M 20M 30M 40M 50M 60M 70M 80M 90M 100M Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (TelCable/30q, 525m, 378malien-gw5) [db] measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=525m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) [Hz] (c) TNO k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M [Hz] 34

35 4. Characterizing the copper environment fully untwisted fully undefined telephony wiring unshielded found in consumer shop GAMMA 25m 25m or 25+25m spread-out on the floor 35

36 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced Transmission: 7 db / 10MHz 40 db / 100MHz Balanced Transmission - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m) [db] differential mode -6-8 (c) TNO M 10M 15M 20M 25M 30M 35M 40M 45M 50M [Hz] 0 Balanced Transmission - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m) [db] differential mode (c) TNO k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M [Hz] 36

4db, Len=50m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) -120 0 5M 10M 15M 20M 25M 30M 35M 40M 45M 50M [Hz] 0 Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk -

37 4. Characterizing the copper environment Balanced EL-FEXT Crosstalk: bad quality 0-20 Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m) [db] (c) TNO 2010 measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=50m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) M 10M 15M 20M 25M 30M 35M 40M 45M 50M [Hz] 0 Balanced EL-FEXT crosstalk - (Unshielded "GAMMA", 25-50m) [db] measured (diffmode) model, nwc:(kxf=-37.4db, Len=50m) model, excellent:(nwc-24db) (c) TNO k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M [Hz] 37

38 4. Characterizing the copper environment All kinds of obstacles Splices Manipulation boxes cable splice cable manipulation box in-house wiring 38

39 4. Characterizing the copper environment 0 [db] Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),winded) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] [db] Wire-pair NEXT crosstalk (diff mode + model) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) 0 [db] Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) quad(2ow,2rb) model of NEXT (FSAN, Kxn=-49.50) model of NEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) quad(2ow,2rb) model of EL-FEXT (FSAN, Kxf=-37.40, Len=5) model of EL-FEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz]

40 4. Characterizing the copper environment 0 [db] Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] [db] Wire-pair NEXT crosstalk (diff mode + model) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) 0 [db] Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) quad(2ow,2rb) model of NEXT (FSAN, Kxn=-49.50) model of NEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) quad(2ow,2rb) model of EL-FEXT (FSAN, Kxf=-37.40, Len=5) model of EL-FEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz]

4. Characterizing the copper environment 0 [db] Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) -2-4 -6-8 (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] -10 0 10 20 30 40 50

Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) -10-20 quad(2ow,2rb) model of NEXT (FSAN, Kxn=-49.50) model of NEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) -10-20 quad(2ow,2rb) model of EL-FEXT (FSAN, Kxf=-37.

41 4. Characterizing the copper environment 0 [db] Wire-pair Transmission (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] [db] Wire-pair NEXT crosstalk (diff mode + model) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) 0 [db] Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (object: Manipulator, quad(2ow,2rb),stretched) quad(2ow,2rb) model of NEXT (FSAN, Kxn=-49.50) model of NEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) quad(2ow,2rb) model of EL-FEXT (FSAN, Kxf=-37.40, Len=5) model of EL-FEXT, excellent:(nwc-24db) (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz] (c) TNO 2010 freq:[mhz]

KPN Cable #1 - Transmission and FEXT Transmission in-quad FEXT

42 4. Characterizing the copper environment Bulk measurements Spread in cross talk Difference between in-quad and out-of-quad [db] KPN Cable #1 - Transmission and FEXT Transmission in-quad FEXT out-of-quad FEXT (c) TNO freq [Hz]

43 4. Characterizing the copper environment Discovery of new crosstalk behavior Dual-slope of EL-FEXT HF crosstalk is higher than assumed Simple dual-slope model (Contributed to ITU-T SG15) Introduction of new cable models Suitable for hundreds of MHz Causal by nature Replaces legacy BT model (Contributed to ITU-T SG15) KPN Cable #1 - Transmission and FEXT [db] Transmission in-quad FEXT out-of-quad FEXT [db] Wire-pair EL-FEXT crosstalk (diff mode) - (KPN, 100m, out of quad) (c) TNO freq [Hz] (c) TNO freq:[mhz]

44 Questions in 2009 Can we initiate a standard? Can we bring the industry into motion? 44

fast incubation feasibility realisation deployment 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 TNO

45 5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fast Initiation of the G.fast standard FP7 MUSE CELTIC Enabling 4GBB CELTIC HFCC/G.fast incubation feasibility realisation deployment TNO DSL seminar: BT TNO San Francisco meeting BBF TNO, 2013 start of G.fast Consent Approved revisions 45

46 5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fast G.Fast contribution to ITU-T from 4GBB consortium members 46

47 5. The making of Hybrid FTTH with G.fast Bringing the industry into motion for Hybrid FTTH with G.fast 47

48 And suddenly there was G.fast..! : Celtic project Enabling 4GBB : Celtic project HFCC/G.fast Current 4GBB Consortium members: 48

49 49

ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Sector. G.fast: Far-end crosstalk in twisted pair cabling; measurements and modelling ABSTRACT

ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Sector STUDY GROUP 15 Temporary Document 11RV-22 Original: English Richmond, VA. - 3-1 Nov. 211 Question: 4/15 SOURCE 1 : TNO TITLE: G.ast: Far-end crosstalk in