Seamless Handover of IPTV Streams in a Wireless LAN Network
|
|
- Adam Green
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Seamless Handover of IPTV Streams in a Wireless LAN Network Ger Cunningham, Philip Perry, Member, IEEE, John Murphy, Senior Member, IEEE and Liam Murphy, Member, IEEE Abstract A robust mechanism to enable seamless handover of streamed IPTV in a WLAN is presented. Handover in a wireless network is usually based on signal strength measurements, but that approach does not consider levels of congestion within the network. Here, the case of stationary nodes with varying levels of network congestion is considered. A scheme that analyses the jitter is used to establish the relationship between congestion and loss in WLANs. This Moving Average of Negative Jitter is used as the basis of a handover scheme which can minimize loss. The handover scheme uses a client with two simultaneous connections to the same server through two separate WLANs, and it is shown that the client can compare the jitter in the two streams to determine which network delivers the best performance; this information is then used to determine when to perform a handover. The proposed scheme is implemented and results are presented that show the successful handover of an RTP over UDP stream in a live WLAN environment. The test scenario used is aimed at Over-The-Top service delivery, but the core algorithm is expected to be more broadly applicable. Keywords- IPTV, Handover, Streamed Video, Wireless LAN 1. I. INTRODUCTION The delivery of video content to subscribers has been the subject of a considerable amount of research and standardization activity. Early research into digital broadcast systems yielded the MPEG-2 Transport Stream that has been incorporated into a family of Digital Video Broadcast standards. Recently there has been a strong shift towards Internet Protocol TeleVision (IPTV) technologies as this offers the possibility of applying sophisticated techniques to adapt to changing network conditions [1] or use admission control to optimize revenue to the service provider [2]. The economics of deploying IPTV solutions has increased interest in providing such service on top of existing broadband infrastructure also known as Over-The Top (OTT) deployments which present particular problems as the traffic load is not controlled by the service provider. The purpose of this work is not to present a complete system, but rather to present a network selection algorithm that is more quality oriented than other systems that rely on signal strength as the primary indicator of network suitability. 1 Manuscript received April 1, This work was supported in part by Informatics Research initiative of Enterprise Ireland. The authors are with the School of Computer Science and Informatics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. ( gercunningham at hotmail.com, {philip.perry, j.murphy, liam.murphy}at ucd.ie. These changes in video distribution techniques have resulted in increased availability of content to users, which, in turn, has created an increased desire for improved quality and ubiquitous access. This consumer demand is fuelling a renewed drive in the industry to make high quality video systems available on mobile devices. Of particular significance are Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) technologies that promises data rates in excess of 1Gbps with a range of a few metres and IEEE802.11n that can offer several hundred Mbps with a slightly better range than UWB. Such systems could be used to provide high capacity wireless networking and possibly use Wireless Mesh Networking (WMN) technology to reach subscribers [3]. The issue of making systems inter-work is a key requirement for ubiquitous service provision and is particularly difficult with a number of wireless technologies being available for transport of IPTV. It has been proposed that a cross layer approach can be used to facilitate interworking between WLAN and DVB-T systems [4]. In the work presented here, the use of WLAN technology is of particular interest as this is a major access technology that can accommodate multi Mbps. The WLAN systems currently deployed use a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) technique which means that there is no inherent admission control or bandwidth control that are so important to maintain high quality video links. That is, the quality that is perceived by a video streaming user in a WLAN area is dependent on the level of congestion in that network and therefore dependent on the other users in the vicinity. At present a user will typically be attached to one WLAN Access Point (AP) and will use that for the duration of a streaming session. If multiple AP s are available to the user, the terminal device will typically attach to the AP with the strongest signal, rather than the network that can provide the best quality. Moreover, such attachment decisions are rarely updated as the session progresses. Such issues have been explored in the context of VoIP using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) [5] and have also been used to develop a generic video handover scheme [6]. Other recent work, such as [7] and [8] have addressed the issues of multimedia streaming over WLANs using network centric QoS systems such as IEEE802.11e. The work presented here, however, assumes that there are no sophisticated systems in the network as there are many regular IEEE802.11b networks already deployed.
2 In this paper, the case in which a number of legacy IEEE802.11b WLAN access networks are available for streaming IPTV content is considered. The work presented in [6] used a measure of the difference between available paths, while the work presented here introduces a new quality metric that can be applied to each stream independently. This allows the system to evaluate the quality performance of a single stream and then decide when to start looking for handover opportunities. Three key issues are identified:- How to determine which network is best. How to determine when the quality of the present link is degrading, but before catastrophic loss rates are incurred. How to switch to the best network without incurring packet loss. These issues essentially constitute the familiar handover problem in a cellular system, but with the added complexity that the two networks in question may have no means of sharing control information. That is, the client and server in the video streaming session must manage the handover in this case. Historically, handover has been considered mainly as an issue related to mobility and to fluctuations in signal quality. The focus of this work, however, is on the case in which handover can be desirable due to network congestion. The particular target application is IPTV delivery which will typically use UDP transport [9] over WLAN to static users with varying numbers of active clients in an AP coverage area. The paper is laid out as follows. Section 2 discusses handover techniques that have been proposed in the literature. The following section then examines the relationship between congestion and loss in a WLAN. Section 4 then presents the rationale for using measured jitter as the basis for deciding when to perform a handover. The proposed handover scheme is then described in detail in section 5. In the following section results are presented from a handover in a live WLAN environment with UDP transport. Conclusions and future work are discussed in section 7. II. RELATED WORK Although the work presented here relates to the handover due to network congestion, rather than signal strength variation, most related works are cast in a mobility scenario. It is also useful to introduce the concepts of soft handover and hard handover. While these terms have been used elsewhere in the literature in some senses, some specific meaning is required here. In this context, soft handover is a handover in which the same data is delivered to the terminal device via the two access networks simultaneously as shown in Figure 1. Clearly, this can be resource intensive, but it does make the possibility of data loss during the handover very small. In contrast, a hard handover is one in which data is streamed via one network at any time: thus at some specific time, a decision is made to receive the data through one network rather than the other. While hard handover is more parsimonious with network resources, it can result in data loss at the user terminal, depending on how quickly the handover is executed and the data rate. In this work, a static terminal shown in figure 1 is attached to a WLAN AP. If the number of active users in that cell increases, then the system can detect when congestion is becoming problematic and then uses a soft handover scheme to compare two available network connections. The IEEE b standard for WLANs allows for handover between overlapping WLAN cells at the link layer [10]. Since this only permits connection to one WLAN at a time, it falls into the category of hard handovers. In [11] it was shown that the handover latency can be significant and subject to large variations. During this latency period the station is unable to send or receive traffic and packets queued at the old WLAN will be lost, making it unsuitable for the handover of multimedia traffic. Before * * During Figure 1. Soft handover process. After * * * * An approach which has received significant interest within the research community is that of Mobile IP [12], which enables a Mobile Node (Client) to receive IP packets through a packet forwarding procedure. This approach is well suited to solving the problem of locating a terminal that may be attached to one of a number of networks. However, handovers in Mobile IP are slow and packets can be lost during the handover procedure [13], making it unsuitable for the handover of IPTV traffic. Extensions have also been proposed to the mobility support provided in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [14, 15, 16]. Since SIP is an application layer protocol for establishing and tearing down multimedia sessions, it can help provide personal mobility, terminal mobility, and session mobility. SIP uses hard handover and in-flight packets can be lost during the handover period. In [15] it was estimated that packet loss can occur for up to 50ms during the handover period. This estimate did not take into account network initialisation procedures such as user authentication or address assignment, which can be a major part of the overall handover delay. SIP therefore is not good at providing seamless handover of IPTV streams. Clearly, the above solutions are inadequate for handover of IPTV, primarily because they break the old connection before they make the connection to the new cell. As loss of video data can result in video artifacts, soft handover is the preferred option and forms the basis of the approach proposed here. In [5] a modified transport layer protocol used path delay to initiate a soft handover with a voice application. The work presented here considers the handover of video in the application layer. Providing handover functionality in the * Terminal Access
3 application layer means changes do not have to be made to operating systems and protocol stacks. An approach to realizing handover based on a new socket abstraction was proposed in [18]. While this interesting contribution focused on the mechanics of implementing a hard or soft handover, it did not address when to handover as it did not monitor the quality of independent links. Earlier work on UDP handover presented in [6] has been extended and applied to an IPTV scenario in this present paper. III. LOSSES IN A CONGESTED NETWORK Experiments were performed to investigate the relationship between congestion in WLANs and packet loss. An example of these experiments is outlined in this section and the results are presented for UDP traffic, although similar results were also obtained for TCP traffic. A server and client were connected to an b WLAN as shown in figure 2 and an RTP over UDP session was established. To emulate IPTV traffic, the server transmitted RTP packets at 30 packets per second and each packet contained 1000 bytes of RTP data each. Six other stationary computers () were used to generate background traffic on the WLAN. The background computers sent UDP packets at transmitting. When three background computers were active, delay was relatively small. Thereafter, the delay began to increase substantially, and when all six background computers were transmitting some packets were lost. Table 1 shows the packet numbers of the packets that were lost. The losses were in clusters and they occurred when the packet delay was very high suggesting the losses were due to queue overflow, rather than by unsuccessful retransmissions at the link layer. The test was repeated a number of times with similar levels of delay and packet losses observed as above. Increasing the traffic rate of the background computers led to greater packet loss. More background stations in the test outlined above would also result in greater packet loss with subsequent loss of intelligible IPTV content. The above results clearly demonstrate the expected correlation between congestion in a WLAN and packet loss: when congestion is high, delays can be large of the order of some hundreds of milliseconds and the system is liable to suffer packet loss. In the next section a scheme is proposed that enables a client to determine the level of congestion in a WLAN. Iperf Sink AP Video Server Client Wire Wireless 1.2Mbit/s each to an Iperf 2 Sink via the AP. The IPTV client remained stationary throughout the test. Figure 3. Packet Delay and Loss measured during congestion testing experiments. Figure 2. Experimental setup to determine impact of congestion. TABLE I. LOST PACKETS At the beginning of the test only the video server transmitted packets. After 30 seconds two of the background traffic generators were activated, and the remainder were activated in succession, with a minute between each activation. Two minutes after the last one was activated, all of the background traffic generators were deactivated, leaving only the video server transmitting packets. Figure 3 shows a graph of the packet delay and packet loss experienced by the RTP packets that were transmitted by the video server to the Client. It shows that the packets experienced some minor jitter when two background computers were 2 Iperf is a tool for measuring maximum TCP and UDP bandwidth, and is used here to generate background traffic. Cluster Number ID of Lost Packets 12378, ,12386, , , 12511, 12512, 12513, IV. DETERMINING CONGESTION The previous results showed an increase in delay and delay variation before packet loss was incurred. However, the behaviour is rather chaotic and presents no obvious way of determining if a transient delay is a precursor of packet loss. The plot in Figure 4(a) shows the delays that occurred in repeat tests of the test outlined in the last section, with the
4 background computers transmitting at 1Mbit/s each. Figure 4(b) shows the corresponding jitter of the packets when they arrived at the client, where jitter is defined as the difference between the expected arrival time of a packet and the actual arrival time of that packet. Although the results show that jitter increases with congestion, it is still difficult to extract a clear trend. Analysis of the arrival time of packets at the client shows that when congestion occurs, the pattern of jitter shown in Figure 5 occurs. When there is no delay, there is no jitter. When a delay occurs, the jitter is initially positive and large and this is followed by negative jitter that is less pronounced and persists until the delay subsides. To further explore the use of jitter to determine the level of congestion in a network, a moving average of the jitter relative to the expected time of arrival is performed in the Client. Then the absolute value of the negative jitter values are used and the positive jitter values are replaced by zeros. This moving average is referred to as the moving average of the negative jitter (MANJ) in the rest of this paper. The moving average uses 150 samples, which corresponds to 4.5 seconds. The moving average of the negative jitter was captured in the tests above and this is shown in figure 4(c). This shows that the MANJ is roughly correlated with the level of congestion: when there is little congestion the MANJ is low, and when the congestion is high the MANJ is high. In the following section a handover scheme is outlined that makes use of the MANJ V. HANDOVER SCHEME For the purposes of this investigation it is assumed that the delays between the server and the APs is of a lower order than the delays experienced by packets in getting through the WLAN. Such a scenario can be envisaged for a system located in a metropolitan area or smaller. Figure 6 shows content being streamed through two access networks during a soft handover in the above scenario. The Client has two WLAN interfaces, so that it can handover from one WLAN to another. The Client uses soft handover in the application layer, enabling the video decoder in the Client to present an uninterrupted video stream to the user. In the experiments it was necessary to use two WLAN cards in the Client to access two APs simultaneously. However, it should also be possible to use MultiNet from Microsoft, where a single physical WLAN interface can be used to simultaneously access multiple APs [17]. Figure 5. Inter-packet delays during a period of congestion. Figure 4. Measured Delay, Jitter and MANJ in a WLAN with IPTV traffic. Each of the two WLAN interfaces in the Client has a unique IP address, so that the two streams are independently routed through the networks. Most of the time the Client has one connection to the server which is used to carry the desired video stream, while the second wireless interface looks for another AP. When it discovers another WLAN, it registers with the network and performs any necessary initialisation procedures. Initially no traffic will flow through the new
5 WLAN, until the current WLAN begins to become congested and the measured MANJ exceeds some threshold which can be set by the service provider to suit the bit rate and quality requirements of the service. At that time, the Client makes another connection to the IPTV server and the server initiates a second, synchronised, identical video stream to the Client via the new WLAN. It should be noted that deciding when to request a second stream and how often to do so is for further study and is outside the scope of this paper. It is expected that empirical adjustment of MANJ thresholds and hysteresis will be central to that solution to avoid flooding the network with unnecessary requests and to avoid ping-ponging. MANJ depends on the IPTV server transmitting the packets at a constant rate and the time interval between these packets, denoted t s, is known by the client. The server duplicates packets that are sent in the packet stream via the current radio interface and sends this duplicate packet stream to the client via the candidate radio interface that is to be evaluated 3. While the mobile device is receiving the two streams, it timestamps the incoming packets on arrival in the client, this time is denoted t i for the ith packet. The client computes the time difference between successive packets from the same stream using these timestamps. For the ith packet, the inter-packet arrival time is given by: t m (i) = t i t i-1 These values are then modified according to the following algorithm: 1. If t m (i)< t s, then t m (i)=abs(t s - t m (i)). This is referred to as negative jitter. 2. If t m (i)>= t s, then t m (i)=0. This is referred to as positive jitter and is removed from the calculation by setting it to zero. An application layer agent then calculates a MANJ value for each stream, using the N preceding packets, so that: N 1 = ( i j) a jtm j 0 MANJ ( i) = N where the value of a j may be set to unity for an un-weighted average or it may decrease with increasing j to yield a weighted moving average; more specifically, it may exponentially decrease with increasing j to yield an exponentially weighted moving average. Video Server WLAN A WLAN B Figure 6. Soft Handover Scenario Client Wire Wireless 3 A packet train based probing scheme may also be used for a more resource efficient implementation. When the second stream is streaming for a duration long enough for the client to generate a MANJ value a period of 5 to 6 seconds the client subtracts the moving averages of the jitter of the two streams to determine which access network is the most congested and then drops the stream passing through that access network. An application layer agent was created to implement this scheme and was used for gathering the results presented below. VI. WLAN HANDOVER RESULTS Tests were performed to demonstrate a handover of streamed video in a congested WLAN by a stationary Client, in the metropolitan scenario described above. A video server was fitted with two LAN cards and was connected to two b APs as shown in figure 7. The Client was multihomed and had two WLAN cards. Initially the server streamed two simultaneous streams of RTP packets to the Client via the two APs. The RTP streams were used to model CBR video traffic. The packets were transmitted at 30 packets per second and contained 1000 bytes of RTP data each. The client defaulted to choosing the stream via AP 1. Six background computers were used as before to generate background UDP traffic, at 1.2 Mbit/s each, to the Iperf Sink via AP1. The background computers were stationary, and were positioned away from each other and well within range of the AP. The Client remained stationary throughout the test. Iperf Sink Video Server AP 1 AP 2 Client Figure 7. WLAN Test Setup At the beginning of the test only the video server transmitted packets. After 30 seconds two of the background traffic generators were activated, and the remainder were activated in succession, with one minute delay between each activation. Two minutes after the last one was activated, all of the background traffic generators were deactivated, leaving only the video server transmitting packets. The trace shown in figure 8(a) shows the delay experienced by the packets from the server that passed through AP1. The packets from the server that passed through AP2 experienced no delays. As described in the last section, the client generated a moving average of the negative jitter for each of the two streams arriving from the server. Figure 8(b) shows the resulting moving average for the stream that passed through AP1. The moving average of the negative jitter for the other Wire Wireless
6 stream was zero throughout and is therefore not shown here. Figure 8(b) also shows the handover point where the moving average of the negative jitter of the two streams were compared and a handover performed. The diagram also shows that the client performed a handover to the other stream shortly after the jitter in both streams were compared. Figure 8 shows that the traffic caused by the background computers resulted in substantial packet delays in AP1, and that this resulted in the decision to handover to the other network Handover point Figure 8. Delay, MANJ and Handover for IPTV traffic It is desirable to limit the frequency of handovers as the operation of handing over consumes significant network and device resources. Using a moving average of the jitter and choosing a high threshold in figure 8(c) limits the frequency of handovers. VII. CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK In this paper we showed that substantial packet delay and packet loss can occur in a congested WLAN. We showed that jitter can be used to determine the level of congestion in a WLAN, and that this can be used to determine which stream to drop during a soft handover. We showed how a stationary Client can apply this in a congested WLAN to determine when to handover. We described a scheme that can be implemented in the Client to achieve this. Finally, we presented results showing a successful handover in a live WLAN environment. Further investigation is planned to address some of the issues mentioned above. These include investigation of issues associated with initiating a second stream, and the number of samples in the moving average. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The support of the Informatics Research initiative of Enterprise Ireland is gratefully acknowledged. Thanks also to Andrew Kelly and Tony Martinez for help in the setting up of the experiments. REFERENCES [1] A. Davy, D. Botvitch and B. Jennings, Revenue optimised IPTV admission control using empirical effective bandwidth estimation, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, Vol. 54, No. 3, pp , September [2] G. M. Muntean, P. Perry and L. Murphy, A comparison based study of quality-oriented video on demand, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp , March [3] E. Shihab, L. Cai, F. Wan, A. Gulliver, and N. Tin, Mesh Network for In-Home IPTV Distribution, IEEE Network Magazine, Special Issue on Wireless Mesh Networks: Applications, Architectures and Protocols, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp , Jan./Feb [4] I. Djama and T Ahmed, A cross-layer interworking of DVB-T and WLAN for Mobile IPTV Service Delivery, IEEE Trans. Broadcasting, Vol. 53, No. 1, pp , March 2007 [5] L. Murphy, J. Noonan, P. Perry and J. Murphy, An Application-qualitybased Mobility Management Scheme, Proc. 9th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Mobile and Wireless Communications Networks (MWCN 2007), Cork, Ireland, September 19-21, [6] Ger Cunningham, Sean Murphy, Philip Perry and Liam Murphy,"Seamless Handover of Streamed Video over UDP Between Wireless LANs", IEEE CCNC, Consumer Communications and Networking Conference, Las Vegas, USA, January [7] J. Villalóna, P. Cuencaa, L. Orozco-Barbosa,, and A. Garrido, B- EDCA: A QoS mechanism for multimedia communications over heterogeneous /802.11e WLANs, Elsevier Computer Communications, Volume 31, Issue 17, Nov. 2008, pp [8] J.-P. Laulajainen, Implementing QoS Support in a Wireless Home Network, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 2008, pp [9] D. Ciullo, M. Mellia and M. Meo, "Traditional IP measurements: What changes in a today multimedia IP network",telecommunication Networking Workshop on QoS in Multiservice IP Networks, pp , Feb [10] IEEE b/d3.0, Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specification, August [11] A. Mishra, M. Shin, and W. Arbaugh, An empirical analysis of the IEEE MAC layer handoff process, ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, April [12] C. Perkins, IP mobility support, RFC (Proposed Standard) 2002, IETF, Oct [13] A. Stephane and A. H. Aghvami, Fast handover schemes for future wireless IP networks: a proposal and analysis, Proc. IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, pp , May [14] M. Handley, H. Schulzrinne, E. Schooler, and J. Rosenberg, SIP: session initiation protocol, RFC 2543, IETF, Mar [15] E. Wedlund and H. Schulzrinne, Mobility support using SIP, Proc. ACM WoWMoM'99, USA, pp 76-82, Aug [16] E. Wedlund and H. Schulzrinne, Application layer mobility using SIP, Mobile Computing and Communications Review, Volume 1, Number 2, [17] R. Chandra, Pr. Bahl, and Pl. Bahl, Multinet: connecting to multiple IEEE networks using a single wireless card, Proc. IEEE Infocom, [18] J. Kristiansson and P. Parnes, Application-layer mobility support for streaming real-time media, Proc. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2004.
QoS-Aware IPTV Routing Algorithms
QoS-Aware IPTV Routing Algorithms Patrick McDonagh, Philip Perry, Liam Murphy. School of Computer Science and Informatics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4. {patrick.mcdonagh, philip.perry,
More informationCLIENT CONTROLLED NETWORK SELECTION
CLIENT CONTROLLED NETWORK SELECTION James Noonan, Philip Perry and John Murphy Performance Engineering Laboratory, Computer Science Department, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland Keywords: SCTP,
More informationImproving the latency of Hand-offs using Sentinel based Architecture
Improving the latency of 802.11 Hand-offs using Sentinel based Architecture Lenin Ravindranath, Fredrick Prashanth, Leo Prasath, Praveen Durairaj, Arul Siromoney Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
More informationImproving Channel Scanning Procedures for WLAN Handoffs 1
Improving Channel Scanning Procedures for WLAN Handoffs 1 Shiao-Li Tsao and Ya-Lien Cheng Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University sltsao@cs.nctu.edu.tw Abstract. WLAN has been widely
More informationA Scheme of Primary Path Switching for Mobile Terminals using SCTP Handover
Proceedings of the 2007 WSEAS International Conference on Computer Engineering and Applications, Gold Coast, Australia, January 17-19, 2007 218 A Scheme of Primary Path Switching for Mobile Terminals using
More informationImpact of End-to-end QoS Connectivity on the Performance of Remote Wireless Local Networks
Impact of End-to-end QoS Connectivity on the Performance of Remote Wireless Local Networks Veselin Rakocevic School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences City University London EC1V HB, UK V.Rakocevic@city.ac.uk
More informationAn efficient trigger to improve intra-wifi handover performance
An efficient trigger to improve intra-wifi handover performance Roberta Fracchia, Guillaume Vivier Motorola Labs, Parc les Algorithmes, Saint-Aubin, 91193 Gif-sur-Yvette, France Abstract Seamless mobility
More informationMobile SCTP for IP Mobility Support in All-IP Networks
Mobile SCTP for IP Mobility Support in All-IP Networks Seok Joo Koh sjkoh@cs.knu.ac.kr Abstract The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is a new transport protocol that is featured multi-streaming
More informationWiMax-based Handovers in Next Generation Networks
WiMax-based Handovers in Next Generation Networks Nadine Akkari Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia nakkari@kau.edu.sa
More informationCross-layer TCP Performance Analysis in IEEE Vehicular Environments
24 Telfor Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1, 214. Cross-layer TCP Performance Analysis in IEEE 82.11 Vehicular Environments Toni Janevski, Senior Member, IEEE, and Ivan Petrov 1 Abstract In this paper we provide
More informationAnalyzing the performance of WiMAX zone handover in the presence of relay node Qualnet6.1
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 3, Ver. IV (May - Jun. 2014), PP 49-53 Analyzing the performance of WiMAX zone
More informationNetwork-based Fast Handover for IMS Applications and Services
Network-based Fast Handover for IMS Applications and Services Sang Tae Kim 1, Seok Joo Koh 1, Lee Kyoung-Hee 2 1 Department of Computer Science, Kyungpook National University 2 Electronics and Telecommunications
More informationINTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION
INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR STUDY PERIOD 21-24 English only Questions: 12 and 16/12 Geneva, 27-31 January 23 STUDY GROUP 12 DELAYED CONTRIBUTION 98 Source:
More informationAnalysis of Variation in IEEE802.11k Channel Load Measurements for Neighbouring WLAN Systems
Analysis of Variation in IEEE802.11k Channel Load Measurements for Neighbouring WLAN Systems Christina THORPE 1, Sean MURPHY, Liam MURPHY School of Computer Science and Informatics, University College
More informationnsctp: A New Transport Layer Tunnelling Approach to Provide Seamless Handover for Moving Network
nsctp: A New Transport Layer Tunnelling Approach to Provide Seamless Handover for Moving Network Peyman Behbahani City University, London, UK p.behbahani@city.ac.uk Veselin Rakocevic City University, London,
More informationETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols
ETSF10 Internet Protocols Transport Layer Protocols 2012, Part 2, Lecture 2.2 Kaan Bür, Jens Andersson Transport Layer Protocols Special Topic: Quality of Service (QoS) [ed.4 ch.24.1+5-6] [ed.5 ch.30.1-2]
More informationOSI Layer OSI Name Units Implementation Description 7 Application Data PCs Network services such as file, print,
ANNEX B - Communications Protocol Overheads The OSI Model is a conceptual model that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard of their underlying internal structure
More informationEnd-User Controlled Vertical Handover Procedure for 4G Wireless Access Networks
End-User Controlled Vertical Handover Procedure for 4G Wireless Access Networks M. Gopu, Dr. Ritesh Khanna Abstract This paper proposes a user terminal-controlled mobility management across heterogeneous
More informationMobility Management for VoIP on Heterogeneous Networks: Evaluation of Adaptive Schemes
Mobility Management for VoIP on Heterogeneous Networks: Evaluation of Adaptive Schemes Authors:Massimo Bernaschi, Filippo Cacace, Giulio Lannello Presented by:rukmini Sarvamangala OBJECTIVE OF THE PAPER
More informationPrioritization scheme for QoS in IEEE e WLAN
Prioritization scheme for QoS in IEEE 802.11e WLAN Yakubu Suleiman Baguda a, Norsheila Fisal b a,b Department of Telematics & Communication Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi
More informationECHO: A Quality of Service based Endpoint Centric Handover scheme for VoIP
ECHO: A Quality of Service based Endpoint Centric Handover scheme for VoIP John Fitzpatrick, Seán Murphy, Mohammed Atiquzzaman*, John Murphy Performance Engineering Lab, School of Computer Science and
More informationSIP-based Mobility Architecture for Next Generation Wireless Networks
SIP-based Mobility Architecture for Next Generation Wireless Networks PerCom IEEE 2005 Presented by T.C. Lin 2006/01/25 Outline Introduction Overview of SIP Problem Description Proposed Architecture Performance
More informationQuality of Service and Security as Frameworks toward Next-Generation Wireless Networks
Quality of Service and Security as Frameworks toward Next-Generation Wireless Networks ZORAN BOJKOVIĆ, BOJAN BAKMAZ Faculty of transport and traffic engineering University of Belgrade Vojvode Stepe 305,
More informationAdaptive Channel Occupation for Wireless Video Delivery
Adaptive Channel Occupation for Wireless Video Delivery Ismail Djama and Toufik Ahmed CNRS-LaBRI Lab, University of Bordeaux-1. 351 Cours de la Libération, F-3345 Talence - France Tel: +33 5 4 35 47, Fax:
More informationPath Selection of SCTP Fast Retransmission in Multi-homed Wireless Environments
Path Selection of SCTP Fast Retransmission in Multi-homed Wireless Environments Yuansong Qiao 1, 2, Enda Fallon 1, John Murphy 3, Liam Murphy 3, Austin Hanley 1 1 Applied Software Research Centre, Athlone
More informationPerformance analysis of aodv, dsdv and aomdv using wimax in NS-2
Performance analysis of aodv, dsdv and aomdv using wimax in NS-2 Madhusrhee B Department Computer Science, L.J Institute of Technology, Ahmedabad, India Abstract WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) technology empowers
More informationA MAC Layer Abstraction for Heterogeneous Carrier Grade Mesh Networks
ICT-MobileSummit 2009 Conference Proceedings Paul Cunningham and Miriam Cunningham (Eds) IIMC International Information Management Corporation, 2009 ISBN: 978-1-905824-12-0 A MAC Layer Abstraction for
More informationIPv6-based Beyond-3G Networking
IPv6-based Beyond-3G Networking Motorola Labs Abstract This paper highlights the technical issues in IPv6-based Beyond-3G networking as a means to enable a seamless mobile Internet beyond simply wireless
More informationMODIFIED VERTICAL HANDOFF DECISION ALGORITHM FOR IMPROVING QOS METRICS IN HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS
MODIFIED VERTICAL HANDOFF DECISION ALGORITHM FOR IMPROVING QOS METRICS IN HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS 1 V.VINOTH, 2 M.LAKSHMI 1 Research Scholar, Faculty of Computing, Department of IT, Sathyabama University,
More informationMobility Management in Heterogeneous Mobile Communication Networks through an Always Best Connected Integrated Architecture
Mobility Management in Heterogeneous Mobile Communication Networks through an Always Best Connected Integrated Architecture Dionysia Triantafyllopoulou *, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
More informationImpact of IEEE n Operation on IEEE Operation
2009 International Conference on Advanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops Impact of IEEE 802.11n Operation on IEEE 802.15.4 Operation B Polepalli, W Xie, D Thangaraja, M Goyal, H Hosseini
More informationIEEE s ESS Mesh Networking
IEEE 802.11s ESS Mesh Networking Prof. Young-Bae Ko (youngko@ajou.ac.kr) Ubiquitous Networked Systems (UbiNeS) Lab (http://uns.ajou.ac.kr) KRnet 2006 Contents Introduction - Wireless Mesh Networks IEEE
More informationA New Path Failure Detection Method for Multi-homed Transport Layer Protocol
ICN 211 : The Tenth International Conference on Networks A New Path Failure Detection Method for Multi-homed Transport Layer Protocol Sinda Boussen, Nabil Tabbane and Sami Tabbane Research Unit MEDIATRON
More informationHands-On IP Multicasting for Multimedia Distribution Networks
Hands-On for Multimedia Distribution Networks Course Description This Hands-On course provides an in-depth look how IP multicasting works, its advantages and limitations and how it can be deployed to provide
More informationPerformance of Multicast Traffic Coordinator Framework for Bandwidth Management of Real-Time Multimedia over Intranets
Performance of Coordinator Framework for Bandwidth Management of Real-Time Multimedia over Intranets Chin Hooi Tang, and Tat Chee Wan, Member, IEEE ComSoc. Abstract Quality of Service (QoS) schemes such
More informationTCP Multi-homing Support in Heterogeneous Networks
, March 13-15, 2013, Hong Kong TCP Multi-homing Support in Heterogeneous Networks Dang Duc Nguyen, Yang Xia, Chai Kiat Yeo, Bu Sung Lee Abstract Mobile technology provides users with ubiquitous connectivity
More informationChapter - 1 INTRODUCTION
Chapter - 1 INTRODUCTION Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is based on IEEE 802.16 standard. This standard specifies the air interface of fixed Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) system
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK
I.J.E.M.S., VOL.2 (3) 211: 163-171 ISSN 2229-6X PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK UTILISATION BY SIMULATION Jai Kumar and U.C. Jaiswal Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Madan
More informationDue to the many benefits provided by both the third-generation (3G) mobile networks and the IEEE wireless local area networks (WLANs), it is
Performance of UMTS/WLAN Integration at Hot-Spot Locations Using OPNET Marwan Abu-Amara, Ashraf Mahmoud, Tarek Sheltami, Adel Al-Shahrani, Khalid Al-Otaibi, S.M.Rehman, and Taha Anwar {marwan, ashraf,
More informationJoint PHY/MAC Based Link Adaptation for Wireless LANs with Multipath Fading
Joint PHY/MAC Based Link Adaptation for Wireless LANs with Multipath Fading Sayantan Choudhury and Jerry D. Gibson Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Califonia, Santa Barbara
More informationEliminating Handoff latencies in WLANs using Multiple Radios: Applications, Experience, and Evaluation
Eliminating Handoff latencies in 802.11 WLANs using Multiple Radios: Applications, Experience, and Evaluation Vladimir Brik, Arunesh Mishra, Suman Banerjee Presented by: Ibrahim Ben Mustafa For Wireless
More informationAn evaluation tool for Wireless Digital Audio applications
An evaluation tool for Wireless Digital Audio applications Nicolas-Alexander Tatlas 1, Andreas Floros 2, and John Mourjopoulos 3 1 Audiogroup, Electrical Engineering and Computer Technology Department,
More informationImproving the quality of H.264 video transmission using the Intra-Frame FEC over IEEE e networks
Improving the quality of H.264 video transmission using the Intra-Frame FEC over IEEE 802.11e networks Seung-Seok Kang 1,1, Yejin Sohn 1, and Eunji Moon 1 1Department of Computer Science, Seoul Women s
More informationImpact of bandwidth-delay product and non-responsive flows on the performance of queue management schemes
Impact of bandwidth-delay product and non-responsive flows on the performance of queue management schemes Zhili Zhao Dept. of Elec. Engg., 214 Zachry College Station, TX 77843-3128 A. L. Narasimha Reddy
More informationSolutions to Performance Problems in VoIP Over a Wireless LAN
Solutions to Performance Problems in VoIP Over a 802.11 Wireless LAN Wei Wang, Soung C. Liew, and VOK Li, Solutions to Performance Problems in VoIP over a 802.11 Wireless LAN, IEEE Transactions On Vehicular
More informationA Real-Time Network Simulation Application for Multimedia over IP
A Real-Time Simulation Application for Multimedia over IP ABSTRACT This paper details a Secure Voice over IP (SVoIP) development tool, the Simulation Application (Netsim), which provides real-time network
More informationVertical Handover in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks A Survey
Vertical Handover in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks A Survey U. Kumaran Department of computer Applications Noorul Islam Center for Higher Education, Kumaracoil,Tamilnadu, India. Abstract- Vehicular Ad-hoc
More informationWireless Mesh Networks
Distributed Systems 600.437 Wireless Mesh Networks Department of Computer Science The Johns Hopkins University 1 Wireless Mesh Networks Lecture 10 Further reading: www.dsn.jhu.edu/publications/ 2 The Wireless
More informationImproving TCP Performance over Wireless Networks using Loss Predictors
Improving TCP Performance over Wireless Networks using Loss Predictors Fabio Martignon Dipartimento Elettronica e Informazione Politecnico di Milano P.zza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano Email: martignon@elet.polimi.it
More informationImpact of Voice Coding in Performance of VoIP
Impact of Voice Coding in Performance of VoIP Batoul Alia Baker Koko 1, Dr. Mohammed Abaker 2 1, 2 Department of Communication Engineering, Al-Neelain University Abstract: Voice over Internet Protocol
More informationEnd-to-End Mechanisms for QoS Support in Wireless Networks
End-to-End Mechanisms for QoS Support in Wireless Networks R VS Torsten Braun joint work with Matthias Scheidegger, Marco Studer, Ruy de Oliveira Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Institute of
More informationA Proposed Time-Stamped Delay Factor (TS-DF) algorithm for measuring Network Jitter on RTP Streams
EBU TECH 3337 A Proposed Time-Stamped Delay Factor (TS-DF) algorithm for measuring Network Jitter on RTP Streams Source: N/IMP Status: Information 1 Geneva January 2010 Page intentionally left blank. This
More informationANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PACKET LOSS AND NETWORK DELAY AND THEIR IMPACT IN THE PERFORMANCE OF SURGICAL TRAINING APPLICATIONS
ANALYSIS OF THE CORRELATION BETWEEN PACKET LOSS AND NETWORK DELAY AND THEIR IMPACT IN THE PERFORMANCE OF SURGICAL TRAINING APPLICATIONS JUAN CARLOS ARAGON SUMMIT STANFORD UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.
More informationCEN 538 Wireless LAN & MAN Networks
King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering CEN 538 Wireless LAN & MAN Networks Dr. Ridha OUNI rouni@ksu.edu.sa LMS web site References Text book
More informationCHAPTER 3 EFFECTIVE ADMISSION CONTROL MECHANISM IN WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS
28 CHAPTER 3 EFFECTIVE ADMISSION CONTROL MECHANISM IN WIRELESS MESH NETWORKS Introduction Measurement-based scheme, that constantly monitors the network, will incorporate the current network state in the
More informationImpact of IEEE MAC Packet Size on Performance of Wireless Sensor Networks
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-issn: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 10, Issue 3, Ver. IV (May - Jun.2015), PP 06-11 www.iosrjournals.org Impact of IEEE 802.11
More informationB. Bellalta Mobile Communication Networks
IEEE 802.11e : EDCA B. Bellalta Mobile Communication Networks Scenario STA AP STA Server Server Fixed Network STA Server Upwnlink TCP flows Downlink TCP flows STA AP STA What is the WLAN cell performance
More informationB. Bellalta Mobile Communication Networks
IEEE 802.11e : EDCA B. Bellalta Mobile Communication Networks Scenario STA AP STA Server Server Fixed Network STA Server Upwnlink TCP flows Downlink TCP flows STA AP STA What is the WLAN cell performance
More informationChapter 5 Ad Hoc Wireless Network. Jang Ping Sheu
Chapter 5 Ad Hoc Wireless Network Jang Ping Sheu Introduction Ad Hoc Network is a multi-hop relaying network ALOHAnet developed in 1970 Ethernet developed in 1980 In 1994, Bluetooth proposed by Ericsson
More informationPerformance of an Adaptive Multimedia Mechanism in a Wireless Multiuser. Environment. Ramona Trestian, Olga Ormond, Gabriel-Miro Muntean, Member, IEEE
mm2010-15 1 Performance of an Adaptive Multimedia Mechanism in a Wireless Multi-user Environment Ramona Trestian, Olga Ormond, Gabriel-Miro Muntean, Member, IEEE Abstract With the increasing popularity
More informationSimulation and Analysis of AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols in Vehicular Adhoc Networks using Random Waypoint Mobility Model
Simulation and Analysis of AODV and DSDV Routing Protocols in Vehicular Adhoc Networks using Random Waypoint Mobility Model 1 R. Jeevitha, 2 M. Chandra Kumar 1 Research Scholar, Department of Computer
More informationTFRC and RTT Thresholds Interdependence in a Selective Retransmission Scheme
TFRC and RTT s Interdependence in a Selective Retransmission Scheme Árpád Huszák, Sándor Imre Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Department of Telecommunications Budapest, Hungary Email:
More informationMultimedia! 23/03/18. Part 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia! Internet traffic!
Part 3: Lecture 3 Content and multimedia Internet traffic Multimedia How can multimedia be transmitted? Interactive/real-time Streaming 1 Voice over IP Interactive multimedia Voice and multimedia sessions
More informationPart 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia!
Part 3: Lecture 3! Content and multimedia! Internet traffic! Multimedia! How can multimedia be transmitted?! Interactive/real-time! Streaming! Interactive multimedia! Voice over IP! Voice and multimedia
More informationOptimized Paging Cache Mappings for efficient location management Hyun Jun Lee, Myoung Chul Jung, and Jai Yong Lee
Optimized Paging Cache Mappings for efficient location management Hyun Jun Lee, Myoung Chul Jung, and Jai Yong Lee Abstract Cellular IP maintains distributed cache for location management and routing purposes.
More informationSpeed Effect on the Performance of Vertical Handover in Wifi-3G Network
Speed Effect on the Performance of Vertical Handover in Wifi-3G Network Hassan Khalil Arab American University of Jenin Ramallah, Palestine Emails: Hassan.khalil22@gmail.com Mohammad Hamarsheh Arab American
More informationFairness Enhancement Scheme for Multimedia Applications in IEEE e Wireless LANs
Fairness Enhancement Scheme for Multimedia Applications in IEEE 802.11e Wireless LANs Young-Woo Nam, Sunmyeng Kim, and Si-Gwan Kim Department of Computer Software Engineering Kumoh National Institute of
More informationA Seamless Handover Mechanism for IEEE e Broadband Wireless Access
A Seamless Handover Mechanism for IEEE 802.16e Broadband Wireless Access Kyung-ah Kim 1, Chong-Kwon Kim 2, and Tongsok Kim 1 1 Marketing & Technology Lab., KT, Seoul, Republic of Korea {kka1, tongsok}@kt.co.kr
More information5G Wireless Technology
5G Wireless Technology Contents Introduction to 5G Evolution from 1G to 5G Key concepts Architecture Hardware & Software of 5G Features Advantages Applications Conclusion Introduction to 5G What is 5G?
More informationQoS issues in Wi-Fi-WMM based triple play home networks
QoS issues in Wi-Fi-WMM based triple play home networks Yun Tao Shi Jean-Marie Bonnin Gilles Straub Thomson, France INRIA/IRISA, France Thomson, France yun-tao.shi@thomson.net jm.bonnin@enst-bretagne.fr
More informationIPv6 required for future Mobile Internet
IPv6 & Beyond-3G Networking Nicolas Demassieux, Director Paris Lab Hong-Yon Lach, Lab Manager hong-yon_lach@crm.mot.com Networking and Applications Lab (NAL) Centre de Recherche de Motorola - Paris (CRM)
More informationCHAPTER. Introduction. Last revised on: February 13, 2008
CHAPTER 1 Last revised on: February 13, 2008 The Cisco Unified Communications System delivers fully integrated communications by enabling data, voice, and video to be transmitted over a single network
More informationComputer Communication III
Computer Communication III Wireless Media Access IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Advantages of Wireless LANs Using the license free ISM band at 2.4 GHz no complicated or expensive licenses necessary very cost
More informationMITIGATING THE EFFECT OF PACKET LOSSES ON REAL-TIME VIDEO STREAMING USING PSNR AS VIDEO QUALITY ASSESSMENT METRIC ABSTRACT
MITIGATING THE EFFECT OF PACKET LOSSES ON REAL-TIME VIDEO STREAMING USING PSNR AS VIDEO QUALITY ASSESSMENT METRIC Anietie Bassey, Kufre M. Udofia & Mfonobong C. Uko Department of Electrical/Electronic
More informationUniversity of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research. Peer reviewed version. Link to published version (if available): /SCVT.2000.
Whitley, T. M., & Beach, M. A. (2000). The effect of handover quality on buffering requirements in WATM. n EEE Symposium on Communications & Vehicular Technology SCVT-2000, Leuven, Belgium (Vol. 1, pp.
More informationA Quality of Service Decision Model for ATM-LAN/MAN Interconnection
A Quality of Service Decision for ATM-LAN/MAN Interconnection N. Davies, P. Francis-Cobley Department of Computer Science, University of Bristol Introduction With ATM networks now coming of age, there
More informationFast Location-based Association of Wi-Fi Direct for Distributed Wireless Docking Services
Fast Location-based Association of Wi-Fi Direct for Distributed Wireless Docking Services Jina Han Department of Information and Computer Engineering Ajou University Suwon, South Korea hangn0808@ajou.ac.kr
More informationImplementation of a Multi-Channel Multi-Interface Ad-Hoc Wireless Network
ENSC 85: High-Performance Networks Spring 2008 Implementation of a Multi-Channel Multi-Interface Ad-Hoc Wireless Network Chih-Hao Howard Chang howardc@sfu.ca Final Project Presentation School of Engineering
More informationEffect of Free Bandwidth on VoIP Performance in b WLAN Networks
Dublin Institute of Technology ARROW@DIT Conference papers Communications Network Research Institute 26-6-1 Effect of Free Bandwidth on VoIP Performance in 82.11b WLAN Networks Miroslaw Narbutt Dublin
More informationIP Mobility vs. Session Mobility
IP Mobility vs. Session Mobility Securing wireless communication is a formidable task, something that many companies are rapidly learning the hard way. IP level solutions become extremely cumbersome when
More informationHandover Management for Mobile Nodes in IPv6 Networks
TECHNOLOGY ADVANCES FOR 3G AND BEYOND Handover Management for Mobile Nodes in IPv6 Networks Nicolas Montavont and Thomas Noël LSIIT Louis Pasteur University CNRS, Strasbourg ABSTRACT In this article we
More informationOPNET BASED SIMULATION AND INVESTIGATION OF WIMAX NETWORK USING DIFFERENT QoS
OPNET BASED SIMULATION AND INVESTIGATION OF WIMAX NETWORK USING DIFFERENT QoS Kamini Jaswal 1, Jyoti 2, Kuldeep Vats 3 1 M.tech, Department of electronics and communication, South point institute of engineering
More informationQoS Routing By Ad-Hoc on Demand Vector Routing Protocol for MANET
2011 International Conference on Information and Network Technology IPCSIT vol.4 (2011) (2011) IACSIT Press, Singapore QoS Routing By Ad-Hoc on Demand Vector Routing Protocol for MANET Ashwini V. Biradar
More informationIJRIM Volume 2, Issue 2 (February 2012) (ISSN )
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF IEEE 802.11B WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORKS FOR E-LEARNING CLASSROOM NETWORK Sonam Dung* Deepak Malik** ABSTRACT This paper presents the modeling and implementation of a wireless
More informationTCP and UDP Fairness in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
TCP and UDP Fairness in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks Forouzan Pirmohammadi 1, Mahmood Fathy 2, Hossein Ghaffarian 3 1 Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran 2,3 School of Computer
More information2. LITERATURE REVIEW. Performance Evaluation of Ad Hoc Networking Protocol with QoS (Quality of Service)
2. LITERATURE REVIEW I have surveyed many of the papers for the current work carried out by most of the researchers. The abstract, methodology, parameters focused for performance evaluation of Ad-hoc routing
More informationIJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 2, Issue 03, 2014 ISSN (online):
IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development Vol. 2, Issue 03, 2014 ISSN (online): 2321-0613 Performance Evaluation of TCP in the Presence of in Heterogeneous Networks by using Network
More informationPerformance Analysis of UGS and BE QoS classes in WiMAX
Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering. ISSN 2231-1297, Volume 3, Number 7 (2013), pp. 805-810 Research India Publications http://www.ripublication.com/aeee.htm Performance Analysis of UGS and
More informationPERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK UTILISATION BY SIMULATION WITH DROP-TAIL
I.J.E.M.S., VOL.2 (4) 2011: 221-228 ISSN 2229-600X PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AF IN CONSIDERING LINK UTILISATION BY SIMULATION WITH DROP-TAIL Jai Kumar, Jaiswal Umesh Chandra Department of Computer Science
More informationProtection Schemes for 4G Multihop wireless Networks
Protection Schemes for 4G Multihop wireless Networks Sridevi, Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, Karnatak University, Dharwad Abstract:-This paper describes the relay node protection
More informationThe Integration of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (IEEE /IEEE ) and its QoS Analysis
141 The Integration of Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (IEEE 802.11/IEEE 802.16) and its QoS Analysis Wernhuar Tarng 1, Nai-Wei Chen 1, Li-Zhong Deng 1, Kuo-Liang Ou 1, Kun-Rong Hsie 2 and Mingteh Chen
More informationNetwork-Adaptive Video Coding and Transmission
Header for SPIE use Network-Adaptive Video Coding and Transmission Kay Sripanidkulchai and Tsuhan Chen Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
More informationmsctp for Vertical Handover Between Heterogeneous Networks
msctp for Vertical Handover Between Heterogeneous Networks Seok Joo Koh and Sang Wook Kim Department of Computer Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegoo, Korea {sjkoh, swkim}@cs.knu.ac.kr Abstract.
More informationEffect of Context Transfer during Handoff on Flow Marking in a DiffServ Edge Router
Effect of Context Transfer during Handoff on Flow Marking in a DiffServ Edge outer Muhammad Jaseemuddin 1, Omer Mahmoud 2 and Junaid Ahmed Zubairi 3 1 Nortel Networks, Ottawa, Canada, 2 International Islamic
More informationCan Congestion-controlled Interactive Multimedia Traffic Co-exist with TCP? Colin Perkins
Can Congestion-controlled Interactive Multimedia Traffic Co-exist with TCP? Colin Perkins Context: WebRTC WebRTC project has been driving interest in congestion control for interactive multimedia Aims
More informationThe effect of Mobile IP handoffs on the performance of TCP
Mobile Networks and Applications 4 (1999) 131 135 131 The effect of Mobile IP handoffs on the performance of TCP Anne Fladenmuller a and Ranil De Silva b a Alcatel CIT, Software Department, Route de Nozay,
More informationIP Network Emulation
Developing and Testing IP Products Under www.packetstorm.com 2017 PacketStorm Communications, Inc. PacketStorm is a trademark of PacketStorm Communications. Other brand and product names mentioned in this
More informationPartial Bicasting with Buffering for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Handover in Wireless Networks
Journal of Information Processing Systems, Vol.7, No.4, December 2011 http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/jips.2011.7.4.627 Partial Bicasting with Buffering for Proxy Mobile IPv6 Handover in Wireless Networks Ji-In
More informationSkype Video Responsiveness to Bandwidth Variations
Skype Video Responsiveness to Bandwidth Variations L. De Cicco,, V. Palmisano Dipartimento di Elettronica ed Elettrotecnica Politecnico di Bari Italy -1- Motivation 1/2 Multimedia real-time applications
More informationVoIP over wireless networks: a packet scheduling approach to provide QoS using Linux
VoIP over 82.11 wireless networks: a packet scheduling approach to provide QoS using Linux Terrence van Valkenhoef and Mishar Mahboob December 13, 25 Abstract In this work, we propose a layer three scheduler
More information