2017/2/21. Retrieving Information with Autonomously-Flying Routers in ICN

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1 1 26th May 2016 I in Kuala Lumpur Retrieving Information with utonomously-flying Routers in IN Taku Kitagawa Shingo ta Masayuki Murata Graduate School of Information Science and Technology,, Japan Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka ity University, Japan 2 Drone 3 small aircraft Programmable Battery-driven ctive movement 4 5 Networking with drones in previous work Our proposal DTN (Delay-Tolerant Networking) [1][2] Use drones as intermittent data links Not support packet-driven movement e.g., hovering, fixed movement, randomness Flying Router (FR) Use a drone as a moving router Enable realizing packet-driven movement ir-to-air network ))) ((( Only hovering Repeat crawling Random walk Benefits by packet-driven movement Deliver packets toward destination ontrol drone s behavior by packets Effective movement of drones is not considered so much. [1] Y. Zhou, et al., Multi-uav-aided networks: erial-ground cooperative vehicular networking architecture, Vehicular Technology Magazine, IEEE, vol. 10, no. 4, [2] N. Uchida, et al., Resilient Network with utonomous Flight Wireless Nodes based on Delay Tolerant Networks, IT onvergence Practice, vol. 2, no. 3, Sep Destination: Packet-driven moving & forwarding

2 Problems of FRs Host-oriented networking (e.g., IP) is not suitable. Drone topology may change because drones move. Drones are frequently replaced due to battery charge. It is difficult to manage node addresses of FRs. ooperation of multiple FRs is also difficult. 6 IN (Information entric Networking) ddressing with name of content n IN realization: N (ontent entric Networking) Two message types and two routing tables in N message: Request content Data message: Response corresponding to (Forwarding Information Base) : Forward PIT (Pending Table) : Forward Data 7 We apply content-oriented networking to FRs. Every node has no address. ontent ID is used as routing information. It is called IN (Information entric Networking). /fruit/apple.jpg Data forwarding forwarding /fruit/apple.jpg /fruit/apple.jpg B D /fruit/apple.jpg B /fruit/apple.jpg D PIT 8 9 Main advantages of using IN on FRs pplication examples of FRs 1. Robust against movement and interruption of FRs Because FR does not have node address unlike IP 2. Flexible content-driven operation of FRs hange movement speed depending on content name Dynamic generation of contents (e.g., helicopter shot) 3. High performance due to in-network cache Shorten moving distance of FRs There are a variety of applications of FRs. Provide connectivity between dis-joint networks effectively using the advantages from routers and IN. In sensor networks In disaster scenarios In ontent name: /xyz/urgency=high ontent name: /heli_shot/lt,lon cache B Out 1. Robust against topology variation Speed up 2. hange drone s behavior 2. Generate content at FR from 3. No need to reach server 10 Region B Region n operation scenario Intra-region network is constructed by a gateway of a host. Multiple FRs construct inter-region network. Network 1 Host only Network 0 Region Inter-region network Network 2 FRs Region D Moving Intra-region network GW3 Network 3 GW ((( ommunication area of disjoint network Gateway which configures network Node which connects with GW ontent connection FRs (Flying Routers) 11 2

3 How introducing movement of an FR into N Interface Table is proposed to map between faces and locations. FR can move to gateways associated with requested contents by referring to /PIT and Interface Table. 1 Loc 3 Routing tables of FR Interface Table Face Location 1 3 Loc 12 Pick up How delivering messages by FRs cooperatively FRs in crawling mode (s) rawl along intra-region networks ollect and advertise routing information (lists of contents) Pick up and forward it to a delivering FR FRs in delivering mode (Delivering FRs) Wait at Rendezvous Point (RP), which is central position of an inter-region network firstly (waiting mode) Deliver and Data Back to waiting mode after delivering s Select a delivering FR Forward Delivering FR (waiting mode) RP Data delivering 13 delivering 14 Functions of prototype prototype of FR is developed, which has only delivering mode to confirm the feasibility of this proposal easily. The prototype can only realize the following functions. 1. Wait until an is received 2. Forwarding the to the server including movement 3. Wait until the Data is received 4. Forwarding the Data to the requester including movement 15 Node in Region Node B in Region B How realizing Interface Table on N There are as many intra-region networks as proxies on an FR. Proxies are applied to Face of /PIT. proxy has a function to move an FR to one place. Normal N N with Virtual Proxy Model D /service2/ / D Proxy 1 Proxy 2 D FR /service2/ 16 How realizing Interface Table on N There are as many intra-region networks as proxies on FR. Proxies are applied to Face of /PIT. proxy has function to move an FR to one place. Normal N D Defer packets from Router Defer packets from Router / D Move to location of Server /service2/ 1 Move to location of Server 2 Virtual Proxy Model Proxy 1 Proxy 2 D FR /service2/ 17 3

4 18 19 Prototype operation Demo movie Raspberry Pi is used as N router. R.Drone is used as drone. Nx is used as implementation of N. FR Raspberry Pi Latitude Longitude Nx GPS Nx Host or Gateway IP(802.11) R.Drone 20 Summary and future work 21 Summary Flying Router (FR) is proposed by introducing Interface Table in N protocol stacks. How FRs cooperate to deliver contents is discussed. prototype of FR is developed, and its operation (only delivering mode) is demonstrated. Future work Investigation on the feasibility of multiple drones operation e.g., scheduling, movement strategy, security, and so on For questions 22 Signaling : how to select a delivering FR crawling FR selects a delivering FR from waiting FRs. Signaling is performed by exchange of N message. 1. crawling FR broadcasts an to waiting FRs 2. Each waiting FR sends back a Data including whether local cache of the content is hit destination of messages which the waiting FR already has specifications of the waiting FR (e.g., battery, speed) 3. The crawling FR selects one appropriate delivering FR Waiting FRs Battery level high Waiting FRs Delivering FR Broadcast 2. Sends back Data I ask you to deliver the content. 4

5 n example of our cooperative routing 1 3 : : Data Routing tables of FRs PIT 1 RP aches Waiting gathered mode Delivering at RP. mode Interface Table Face Location ontinue crawling Loc Loc 3 24 n example of Virtual Proxy Model There are as many intra-region networks as proxies on FR. Proxies are applied to Face of /PIT. proxy has function to move an FR to one place. Region /regionb/ GW0 ontent-name Network 0 Face / Proxy 1 FR Proxy 1 Proxy 2 N Router ontent-name Face /region/ Proxy 1 /regionb/ Proxy 2 ontent-name Network 1 Region B Face / Proxy