Implementing VXLAN in DataCenter
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2 Implementing VXLAN in DataCenter LTRDCT-1223 Lilian Quan Technical Marketing Engineering, INSBU Erum Frahim Technical Leader, ecats John Weston Technical Leader, ecats
3 Why Overlays? Robust Underlay/Fabric High Capacity Resilient Fabric Intelligent Packet Handling Programmable & Manageable Flexible Overlay Virtual Network Mobility Track end-point attach at edges Scale Reduce core state Distribute and partition state to network edge Flexibility/Programmability Reduced number of touch points
4 Overlay Taxonomy Overlay Control Plane Service = Virtual Network (VN) Encapsulation Edge Device Underlay Network Edge Devices Hosts (end-points) Underlay Control Plane
5 Types of Overlay Service Layer 2 Overlays Emulate a LAN segment Transport Ethernet Frames (IP and non- IP) Single subnet mobility (L2 domain) Exposure to open L2 flooding Useful in emulating physical topologies Layer 3 Overlays Abstract IP based connectivity Transport IP Packets Full mobility regardless of subnets Contain network related failures (floods) Useful in abstracting connectivity and policy
6 Types of Overlay Edge Devices Network Overlays Host Overlays Integrated Overlays Fabric DB Physical Physical V M O S V M O S Virtual V M O S V M O S Virtual A p p O S A p p O S Virtual Physical Router/switch end-points Protocols for resiliency/loops Traditional VPNs OTV, VXLAN, VPLS, LISP Virtual end-points only Single admin domain VXLAN, NVGRE, STT Physical and Virtual Resiliency + Scale x-organizations/federation Open Standards Tunnel End-points
7 VXLAN Overview VXLAN can be implemented on both Hypervisor-based Virtual Switches to allow for scalable VM deployments, as well as on Physical switches, which provides the ability to bridge VXLAN segments back into VLAN segments. In these cases, the Physical Switch instantiates a, and function as a VXLAN Gateway VNI 1000 vswitch VLAN 10 Switch vswitch VLAN 20 VNI 2000
8 VXLAN Overview Problems VXLAN addresses: VLAN Scalability VXLAN extends the L2 Segment ID field to 24-bits, potentially allowing up to 16 million unique L2 Segments over the same network Layer 2 segment elasticity over Layer 3 boundary VXLAN encapsulates L2 frame in IP-UDP header VXLAN Technology Overview: MAC-in-UDP encapsulation Leverages multicast in the transport network to simulate flooding behavior for broadcast, unknown unicast and multicast in the layer 2 segment Leverage ECMP to achieve optimal path usage over the transport network
9 Dst. MAC Addr. Src. MAC Addr. VLAN Type 0x8100 VLAN ID Ether Tag Type 0x0800 IP Header Misc Protocol Data 0x11 Header Checksu m Outer Src. IP Outer Dst. IP UDP Src. Port VXLAN Port UDP Length Checks um 0x0000 VXLAN RRRR1R RR Reserve d VNID Reserv ed VXLAN Packet Format Outer Mac Header Outer IP Header UDP Header VXLAN Header Original FCS L2 Frame FCS 14 Bytes (4 bytes optional) 20 Bytes 8 Bytes 8 Bytes
10 Insieme Fabric Virtual extensible LAN (VXLAN) Virtual extensible LAN (VXLAN) is a Layer 2 overlay scheme over a Layer 3 network. A 24-bit VXLAN Segment ID or VXLAN Network Identifier (VNI) is included in the encapsulation to provide up to 16M VXLAN segments for traffic isolation/segmentation, in contrast to the 4K segments achievable with VLANs. Each of these segments represents a unique Layer 2 broadcast domain, and can be administered in such a way that it can uniquely identify a given tenant s address space or subnet Ethernet Header Payload FCS Outer Ethernet Outer IP Outer UDP VXLAN Inner Ethernet Payload New FCS 8 Bytes Flags Reserved Instance ID Reserved 1 Byte Rsvd 1 Rsvd Outer UDP Destination Port = VXLAN (originally 8472, recently updated to 4789) Outer UDP Source Port = Hash of Inner Frame Headers (optional)
11 VXLAN VXLAN terminates its tunnels on s (Virtual Tunnel End Point). Each has two interfaces, one is to provide bridging function for local hosts, the other has an IP identification in the core network for VXLAN encapsulation/decapsulation. Transport IP Network IP Interface IP Interface Local LAN Segment Local LAN Segment End System End System End System End System
12 VXLAN BUM Traffic over Transport Multicast VXLAN BUM (Broadcast, Unknown Unicast and Multicast) traffic is transported over the VXLAN segment control multicast group. End System End System VTE P-3 3 IP-3 End System A MAC-A IP-A -1 1 IP-1 Multicast Group IP Network -2 2 IP-2 End System B MAC-B IP-B
13 VXLAN Peer Discovery & Address Learning End System End System 7 ARP Response from IP B Src MAC: MAC-B Dst MAC: MAC-A End System A MAC-A IP-A ARP Request for IP B Src MAC: MAC-A Dst MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF IP-1 MAC-1 MAC Address S-MAC: MAC-1 D-MAC: 00:01:5E:01:01:01 Outer S-IP: IP-1 Outer D-IP: UDP VXLAN VNID: 10 ARP Request for IP B Src MAC: MAC-A Dst MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF 6 VXLAN ID 2 3 IP-3 Remote MAC-B 10 IP-2-3 Multicast Group ARP Request for IP B Src MAC: MAC-A Dst MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF ARP Response from IP B Src MAC: MAC-B Dst MAC: MAC- A 5 3 MAC Address S-MAC: MAC-2 D-MAC: MAC-1 Outer S-IP: IP-2 Outer D-IP: IP-1 UDP VXLAN VNID: 10 VXLAN ID Remote MAC-A 10 IP-1 2 IP-2 MAC-2-2 MAC Address VXLAN ID 4 ARP Response from IP B Src MAC: MAC-B Dst MAC: MAC-A 3 ARP Request for IP B Src MAC: MAC-A Dst MAC: FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF Remote MAC-A 10 IP-1 End System B MAC-B IP-B
14 VXLAN Packet Forwarding Flow S-MAC: MAC-A D-MAC: MAC-B S-IP: IP-A D-IP: IP-B Outer S-MAC: MAC-1 Outer D-MAC: MAC-2 Outer S-IP: IP-1 Outer D-IP: IP-4 VXLAN VNID: 10 S-MAC: MAC-A D-MAC: MAC-B S-IP: IP-A D-IP: IP-B 1 Host-A UDP -1 2 MAC-1 IP-1: Router-1 MAC-2 IP-2: Routed Based on Outer IP header IP Network MAC-3 IP-3: Router-2 S-MAC: MAC-A D-MAC: MAC-B S-IP: IP-A D-IP: IP-B 4 Outer S-MAC: MAC-3 Outer D-MAC: MAC-4 Outer S-IP: IP-1 Outer D-IP: IP-4 5 UDP VXLAN VNID: 10 S-MAC: MAC-A D-MAC: MAC-B S-IP: IP-A D-IP: IP-B MAC-4 IP-4: Host-B MAC-A IP-A: VXLAN VNID 10 (Tenant Blue) MAC-B IP-B:
15 Nexus 9000 Series VXLAN Support VXLAN is supported across the Nexus 9000 series platforms. The VXLAN Gateway functionality is supported across all form factors and line cards. Integrated routing functionality is only supported on ACI-enabled Modules Nexus 9300 Series Nexus 9500 Series
16 Nexus 9000 Series VXLAN Gateway VXLAN gateway bridges traffic between VXLAN segment and another physical / logical layer 2 domain (such as a VLAN) VLAN ID VXLAN ID VLAN 10 (VXLAN VLAN 20 Gateway) VXLAN VXLAN L3 Network VXLAN VNID 1010 VNID 1020
17 Nexus 9000 Series VXLAN Gateway The Nexus 9000 series supports VXLAN Gateway function, allowing VLANs to be bridged/mapped to VXLAN Segments and vice versa feature nv overlay feature vn-segment-vlan-based interface et4/13 switchport switchport access vlan 10 no shut interface nve1 no shutdown source-interface loopback0 member vni 1010 mcast-group vlan 10 vn-segment 1010 switch# show nve vni Interface VNI Multicast-group VNI State nve up switch# show nve peers Interface Peer-IP VNI Up Time nve :52:24 switch# VXLAN Encap VXLAN Forwarding Table MAC Address VXLAN ID Remote AA:AA:AA:AA:AA:AA BB:BB:BB:BB:BB:BB VLAN to VXLAN Mapping VLAN ID VXLAN ID Ethernet/ 802.1Q
18 VXLAN Forwarding on Nexus 9300 NX-OS Mode VXLAN Bridging and Gateway VXLAN Encapsulation and Deencapsulation occur on VXLAN VLAN VLAN -> VXLAN (gateway) VXLAN - VLAN (gateway) ALE VXLAN VXLAN (bridging) Bridging and Gateway are independent of the port type (1/10/40G ports) VLAN -96 ASIC Encap/Decap VXLAN Bridging and Gateway mode support Any to Any Behaviour
19 VXLAN Forwarding on Nexus 9500 NX-OS Mode VXLAN Bridging and Gateway VXLAN Encapsulation and De-encapsulation occur on VLAN -> VXLAN (gateway) VXLAN - VLAN (gateway) VXLAN VXLAN (bridging) Fabric 1 Fabric 2 Fabric 3 Fabric 4 Fabric 5 Fabric 6 NLE NLE NLE NLE NLE NLE ASIC ASIC Decap ASIC Encap ASIC ASIC Decap ASIC
20 Nexus 9000 Series VXLAN Routed Mode VXLAN routed mode routes traffic between VXLAN segments and between VXLAN another physical / logical layer 2 domain (such as a VLAN) VLAN 20 VXLAN VXLAN (VXLAN Routed Mode) L3 Network VXLAN VLAN 10 VNI 1010 VNI 1020
21 VXLAN Forwarding on Nexus 9300 NX-OS Mode VXLAN Routing VXLAN Routing is not supported currently on Broadcom Additional recirculation required for VXLAN routing through NS Recirculate Insieme Recirculate Insieme Route Packet Encap/ Decap Route Packet Encap/ Decap VLAN Subnet /24 VXLAN Subnet /24 VLAN Subnet /24 VXLAN Subnet /24
22 VXLAN Forwarding EOR VXLAN Routing VXLAN Encapsulation and De-encapsulation occur on Decap on ingress line card, Encap on egress Routing occurs on the ingress and if required on fabric Fabric 1 Fabric 2 Fabric 3 LPM Route Fabric 4 Fabric 5 LPM Route Fabric 6 If required LPM route lookup on Fabric NS Route ASIC Route NS Decap NS Encap ASIC Route NS Decap /32 route lookup on ingress
23 VXLAN Forwarding vpc When vpc is enabled an anycast address is programmed on both vpc peers Symmetrical forwarding behaviour on both peers provides Multicast topology prevents BUM traffic being sent to the same IP address across the L3 network (prevents duplication of flooded packets) vpc peer-gateway feature must be enabled on both peers vpc vpc VLAN VXLAN VXLAN header is not carried on the vpc Peer link (MCT link)
24 VXLAN Forwarding Design Considerations VXLAN VLAN When VXLAN is being routed the next hop for VXLAN encapsulated frames needs to be over an L3 interface Alternatively, all SVIs from a VXLAN Gateway must point to the same physical next hop [same VXLAN header MAC DA for all VXLAN encapsulated packets sent from the same physical port] VXLAN downstream of a Nexus 2000 FEX is not supported
25 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only L2 Extension across Pods L2 Link L3 Link L3 Core VXLAN Overlay (VLAN Extension) Pod 1 Pod 2 IP GW IP GW Layer-2 VLAN Domain Layer-2 VLAN Domain
26 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box Traditional L2 Pod Design L2 Link L3 Link F/W Nexus L/B F/W L/B HSRP IP Default GW L3/L2 Boundary L2
27 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box Traditional L2 Pod Design VXLAN Over L3 L2 Link L3 Link F/W Nexus L/B F/W L/B L3 L3/L2 Boundary
28 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box Traditional L2 Pod Design VXLAN Over L3 L2 Link L3 Link F/W Nexus L/B F/W L/B L3/L2 Boundary L2
29 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box Traditional L2 Pod Design VXLAN Over L3 L2 Link L3 Link F/W L/B Nexus F/W L/B L3 L3/L2 Boundary L3/L2 Boundary
30 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box Traditional L2 Pod Design VXLAN Over L3 L2 Link L3 Link F/W L/B Nexus F/W L/B L3 L3/L2 Boundary IP GW for AlL VXLAN VLANs (HSRP, VRRP) L3/L2 Boundary
31 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only STP/VPC Replacement - Routing off-box L2 Link L3 Link F/W L/B Nexus F/W L/B VXLAN Overlay (Bridging) Routing Between VXLAN VLAN Subnets IP GW for AlL VXLAN VLANs (HSRP, VRRP)
32 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging only Spine-Leaf Deployment Leaf Spine (Bridging) VXLAN Overlay (Routing) Border Routing Leaf VXLAN Routing IP Gateway for Tenants subnets WAN Routing VXLAN Bridging only IP GW for VXLAN VLANs (HSRP, VRRP)
33 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing STP/VPC Replacement Option A: Centralized IP Gateway and Inter-VXLAN Routing L2 Link L3 Link Nexus VXLAN Overlay (Bridging) Routing Between VXLAN Extended VLANs (Bridging + Routing) IP GW for All VXLAN VLANs (HSRP, VRRP) VLAN GREEN VLAN BLUE VLAN GREEN VLAN BLUE
34 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing STP/VPC Replacement Option B: Distributed IP Gateway and Inter-VXLAN Routing L2 Link L3 Link Nexus Routing Between VLAN A & B Subnets (Bridging) VXLAN Overlay (Layer-2 only for VLAN A & B)) (IP GW for VLAN A Learn other VLAN/VXLAN subnets) (IP GW for VLAN B Learn other VLAN/VXLAN subnets) VXLAN Extended VLANs: VLAN A, B
35 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing Spine-Leaf Deployment Option A: Centralized IP Gateway and Inter-VXLAN Routing Spine VXLAN Overlay (Bridging) (Routing) Border Routing Leaf VXLAN Routing IP Gateway for Tenants subnets WAN Routing Leaf VXLAN Bridging only for all Extended VLANs IP GW for all Extended VLANs (HSRP, VRRP)
36 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing Spine-Leaf Deployment Option B: Distributed IP Gateway and Inter-VXLAN Routing Spine Leaf VXLAN Overlay (Bridging) (Routing) (IP GW for VLAN A L2 for Other VLANs) (IP GW for VLAN B L2 for Other VLANs) (IP GW for VLAN C L2 for Other VLANs) VXLAN Extended VLANs: VLAN A, B, C, D (IP GW for VLAN D L2 for Other VLANs) Border Routing Leaf For WAN Routing Not a
37 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing + Anycast IP GW STP/VPC Replacement L2 Link L3 Link Nexus Routing to Outside Routing Between VXLAN VLAN Subnets VXLAN Overlay (Bridging) (IP GW for All VXLAN VLANs) (IP GW for All VXLAN VLANs) (IP GW for All VXLAN VLANs) VXLAN Extended VLANs: VLAN A, B
38 VXLAN Design with VXLAN Bridging + Routing + Anycast IP Gateway Spine-Leaf Deployment Spine VXLAN Overlay Routing to Outside Leaf (Bridging) Routing Between VXLAN VLAN Subnets s (IP GW for All VXLAN VLANs) VXLAN Extended VLANs: VLAN A, B, C, D Border Routing Leaf For WAN Routing Not a
39 VXLAN Unsupported Bud-node Topology This is unsupported Bud-node topology IP Transport HOST N9000 HOST HOST
40 VXLAN Supported and Unsupported FEX Topology N9000 N9000 N9000 N9000 FE X FEX FE X FEX Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor N9000 N9000 FE X FEX Hypervisor Hypervisor Hypervisor - VXLAN host behind FEX is not supported.
41 Call to Action Visit the World of Solutions:- Cisco Campus Walk-in Labs Technical Solutions Clinics Meet the Engineer Lunch Time Table Topics, held in the main Catering Hall Recommended Reading: For reading material and further resources for this session, please visit Cisco Public 41
42 Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Complete your online session evaluation Complete four session evaluations and the overall conference evaluation to receive your Cisco Live T-shirt Cisco Public 42
43
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