Cloud 201: Leveling up! Cloud Technologies for Public Broadcast
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1 Cloud 201: Leveling up! Cloud Technologies for Public Broadcast Ron Clifton, BAS c, MAS c CliftonGroup International Limited Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 1
2 Objective Follow-up to Cloud 101 & 102 presented in previous years Background technology overview as the basis for discussion of the next version of the PTV Interconnection System See also W. Pacena Cloud 101 and IP Multicasting Sessions for additional technology background Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 2
3 Spoiler Alert This is NOT a v6 presentation But: it IS intended to be a technology overview for those who will be participating in some of the system design trade-off discussions for v6 Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 3
4 Refresher Connectivity Outline Alternative approaches Introduction to MPLS IP-VPN Understanding COS/QOS Example system configurations Cloud services Example IaaS, PaaS & SaaS for broadcast Summary and Q&A Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 4
5 Refresher Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 5
6 The Paradigm Shift The connectivity and technology exist today to implement the complete broadcast workflow from ingest to transmission in the cloud There are many excellent public cloud options but for Broadcast, a private/hybrid community cloud configuration is ideal Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 6
7 The National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) Cloud Computing Model Enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 7
8 Defining Cloud Computing PRIVATE PUBLIC HYBRID COMMUNITY FOUR DEPLOYMENT MODELS Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) THREE SERVICE MODELS Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity Measured Service Resource Pooling On-Demand Self Service FIVE MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS Cloud computing is more than just doing stuff in the cloud Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 8
9 The Connectivity Challenge Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 9
10 The Connectivity Challenge Reliable cost-effective point-to-multipoint connectivity is the most critical item for a cloud-based broadcast application Fortunately, there are alternatives Connectivity Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 10
11 One Approach: Internet Aggregation Example service providers: LTN Global, VideoShip In use for broadcast today (e.g. NBC,CNN,FOX, PBS &others) PROVIDER APPLIANCE SDI and/or IP Video SDI and/or IP Video SDI and/or IP Video PUBLIC INTERNET AND/OR LEASED LINE Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 11
12 One Approach: Internet Aggregation Buffering is used to smooth out expected network jitter and latency/delay variations Original input at ingress (e.g. linear video) Output buffer done at egress ( msecs typical) In-network jitter and delay Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 12
13 Another Approach: MPLS IP-VPN (Multi Protocol Label Switching) MPLS Network Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 13
14 MPLS IP-VPN Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS): Next generation technology replacing legacy Layer 2 ATM and Frame Relay networks IP-VPN: Internet Protocol (e.g. Layer 3 router-to-router) Virtual Private Networks on shared but dedicated fiber infrastructure Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 14
15 Why MPLS IP-VPN? State-of-the-art for enterpriseclass Ethernet over WAN today 100 Mbps & DS3 (45 Mbps) are common and most popular OC3 & 1 Gbps also available Becoming increasingly affordable & highly competitive Multiple Tier 1 Vendors: + others Cloud 201: Clifton rev WAN= Wide Area Networks Page: 15
16 Traditional Satellite OPEX Advantage Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 16
17 Why MPLS IP-VPN? Transparent private virtual networks using IP IP multicast enabled for bandwidth efficiency Automatic redundancy/dr in the core network Class of Service (COS) provides ability to prioritize traffic (e.g. linear video over non-linear file delivery) Typical low latency: e.g msecs RTT Typical low jitter: e.g. 2-5 msecs Typical Bit Error Rate (BER): Near zero Variety of network topologies available including full-duplex (i.e. two-way) mesh interconnection Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 17
18 Example Tier 1 Product Offerings Routing Transparency Protection CoS Network Billing Technology Customer Controlled Full Layer 2 Transparency Optional on local access. Customer Controlled Dedicated Flat Ethernet over DWDM Customer Controlled Full Layer 2 Transparency Fast Reroute in the core All Traffic classified as Premium Data Shared Flat Ethernet over MPLS Core Multipoint MAC switching Ethernet VPN service IPv4, IPv6 Tagged or Transparent options Layer 3 Service Fast Reroute in the core Fast Reroute in the core 4 Classes of Service Shared Flat 6 Classes of service with 10 Priority Options. Ethernet over MPLS core Shared Flat IP over MPLS IPv4, IPv6 Layer 3 Service Fast Reroute in the core 4 Classes of Service Public Internet Tiered and Burstable IP over MPLS core Source: Verizon 2014 Source: Verizon 2014 Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 18
19 Example Tier 1 Product Offerings Source: Level 3 Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 19
20 An MPLS IP-VPN Network Approach MPLS Network ((( ))) Station PE= Provider Edge Router Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 20
21 Layer 3 MPLS IP-VPN Station Ethernet LAN Station Station A Layer 3 MPLS IP-VPN is functionally equivalent to a Virtual Ethernet LAN Station LAN= Local Area Network Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 21
22 An Example M&E Application Linear Linear Non- Linear Non- Linear Content Content M&C M&C M&C=Monitoring & Control Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 22
23 Understanding COS/QOS Class of Service (COS) is a traffic engineering technique used to prioritize traffic on a network e.g. the 3-bit CS0-7 VLAN tagging in Ethernet headers (per 802.1Q) used to implement Quality of Service (QOS) rules to differentiate and shape/police network traffic For modern Layer 3 IP networks, Differentiated Services (DiffServ) QOS (e.g. DSCP-x) replaces legacy IPv4 Type of Service (TOS) Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 23
24 Example M&E Application VLAN-type COS is set by application and priority For example: Policing to bandwidth limits (e.g. 100 Mbps) is done at the egress from the MPLS network HI LOW --- MED HI LOW MED COS is checked at ingress to the MPLS network and delivered over MPLS by priority assigned limits Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 24
25 Fully Symmetric Both ways Policing to bandwidth limits (e.g. 100 Mbps) is done at the egress from the MPLS network VLAN-type COS is set by application and priority For example: HI LOW HI LOW MED MED COS is checked at ingress to the MPLS network and delivered over MPLS by priority assigned limits Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 25
26 Example head-end/noc Configuration Ingest & Edit Archive Traffic Automati on MAM Playout & Encode TSoIP M&C Multicast Host * File Share * See W Pacena session for IP Multicast tutorial *TSoIP = Transport Stream over IP Cloud 201: Clifton rev MAM= Media Asset Management Page: 26 Managed VLAN Switch
27 Ingest & Edit Archive Adding COS for Broadcast QOS MAM Traffic Automati on M&C Playout & Encode TSoIP Multicast Host* File Share MED HI LO Managed VLAN Switch *TSoIP = Transport Stream over IP COS: EXAMPLES ONLY Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 27
28 Example Station-side Configuration VLAN Switch IP IP IRDs IP IRDs IRDs HD-SDI STATION ((( ))) File Share Cache Traffic, Automation, Master Control & Playout IRD = Integrated Receiver Decoder M&C Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 28
29 Example: using COS to Manage QOS IP MULTICAST VLAN Switch This IRD does an IP Multicast join IP MULTICAST (COS=HI) HD: Mbps SD: 3-4 Mbps BEST EFFORT BEST EFFORT (COS=LOW) 5 50 Mbps = 13.3 mins Mbps = 6.7 mins IP IP IRDs IP IRDs IRDs File Share Cache HD-SDI STATION Traffic, Automation, Master Control & Playout ((( ))) Mbps = 3.3 mins M&C Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 29
30 Primary NOC Adding a backup NOC VLAN Switch IP IP IRDs IP IRDs IRDs HD-SDI STATION ((( ))) Secondary/Backup NOC (geo-diversity & load balancing) File Share Cache M&C Traffic, Automation, Master Control & Playout Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 30
31 Scaling up Primary NOC Secondary/Backup NOC Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 31
32 is functionally equivalent to: ETHERNET LAN Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 32
33 Other Features of MPLS IP-VPN Private & Hybrid Cloud Service Providers (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) Public Internet Direct internet Access (DIA) Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 33
34 Example: a potential v6 Candidate PBS NOC/SOC & DDMS LINEAR RT FEED CONTENT Satellite Overlay and Backup Existing 3 Mbps SD (APAC) FILE BASED (FB) CONTENT PRIVATE IP-VPN MPLS NETWORK MEMBER STATIONS PUBLIC INTERNET LOCAL CABLE GigE/10GigE 100 Mbps/DS3 CLOUD BACKUP NOC SERVICES (LINEAR & NOC: Network Operations Center PBS (PRIVATE FB CONTENT) SOC: Satellite Operations Center MOC OTHERs and/or HYBRID) MOC: Media Operations Center DDMS: Disaster, Diversity, Maintenance Content Contribution Site Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 34
35 Cloud Services Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 35
36 Three Service Models (Cloud 101) Legacy IaaS PaaS SaaS Applications Applications Applications Applications Data Data Data Data Runtime Runtime Runtime Runtime Middleware Middleware Middleware Middleware O/S O/S O/S O/S Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization Virtualization Servers Servers Servers Servers Storage Storage Storage Storage Networking Networking Networking Networking Cloud 201: Clifton rev = YOU provide & manage = VENDOR provides & manages Source: derived from Microsoft Page: 36
37 Cloud Service Deployment Scenarios IaaS = Infrastructure as a Service PaaS= Platform as a Service SaaS= Software as a Service Cloud Service Provider(s) ) Optional Orchestration Layer Legacy Equipment PaaS/SaaS Highly Virtualized PaaS/SaaS IaaS/SaaS/PaaS on Private/Hybrid IaaS Cloud 201: Clifton rev INDUSTRY TREND Page: 37
38 Preliminary cloud services wish list Note: IaaS/PaaS/SaaS in this list are for grouping only Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 38
39 Examples of Providing IaaS Primary Direct Connect Private & Public IaaS Providers (e.g. AWS, Savvis, Rackspace etc ) and/or Public Internet Direct internet Access (DIA) IT services Development Testing Other IaaS Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 39
40 Some Typical PaaS Examples Primary Direct Connect Private & Hybrid PaaS Providers and/or Public Internet Direct internet Access (DIA) Transcoding Archival MAM File Sharing OTT delivery Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 40
41 PaaS Example: OTT Delivery via CDN Primary Direct Connect (e.g. 1/10Gbps) Content Distribution Network (CDN) Providers Public Internet Cross Platform OTT delivery Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 41
42 PaaS Example: LTO Archival Primary LTO LTFS Private & Hybrid PaaS Providers LTO Archival LTFS= Linear Tape File System Cloud 201: Clifton rev (open standard) Page: 42
43 PaaS Example: LTO Archival Primary LTO LTFS Private & Hybrid PaaS Providers Public Internet LTFS Archival Plus Public Cloud option (e.g. Glacier) Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 43
44 Another Archive Option Primary LTO LTFS LTFS Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 44
45 Example: SaaS Station in the Cloud Primary HD: Mbps SD: 3-4 Mbps 1 HD & 3 SD= <30 Mbps Direct Connect Managed Service Providers Joint Master Control CentralCasting Complete playout service 100 Mbps = 10 HD or 30 SD 1 Gbps= 100 HD or 300 SD Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 45
46 Concept : Station in the Cloud (1 of 2) Archive Automation Playout & Encode Station WABC ((( ))) Ingest & Edit Traffic RF Production and Operations Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 46
47 Concept : Station in the Cloud (2 of 2) HD: Mbps Archive SD: 3-4 Mbps Automation 1 HD & 3 SD= <30 Mbps Playout & Encode Station WABC ((( ))) WDEF WABC Ingest & Edit Traffic RF Production and Operations Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 47
48 Summary The technologies exist today to implement the complete end-to-end broadcast workflow using cloud computing technologies This is a natural migration from our traditional broadcast infrastructure and the way of the future Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 48
49 Thank you for your time Q&A? Vision without execution is a dream and execution without vision is a nightmare Ron Clifton, BASc, MASc, PEng CliftonGroup International Ltd rclifton@cliftongroup.ca Cloud 201: Clifton rev Page: 49
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