INTEGRATING HPFS IN A CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT

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1 INTEGRATING HPFS IN A CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT Abhisek Pan 2, J.P. Walters 1, Vijay S. Pai 1,2, David Kang 1, Stephen P. Crago 1 1 University of Southern California/Information Sciences Institute 2 Purdue University November 16, 2012

2 OUTLINE Introduction Motivation HPFS in cloud Current Practice Alternate methods for better integration Implementation Performance Evaluation HPFS as a service Conclusion and Ongoing work

3 INTRODUCTION Cloud as a platform for HPC applications + Flexibility Performance + Elasticity Availability + Pay-as-you-use Major Performance bottleneck I/O Focus of this work is on high-performance storage as a service in a cloud infrastructure Default Practice Alternatives Implementation - KVM and File System Performance evaluation Enhancing cloud management software to provide HPFS as a service

4 MOTIVATION High performance storage critical for HPC applications Access input-output data, store checkpoints, execute out-ofcore algorithms High aggregate bandwidth with scalability HPC clusters are served by HPFS such as, GPFS, PVFS I/O and network major bottlenecks for running HPC applications in the cloud Communication and I/O intensive benchmarks perform poorly in the cloud

5 HPFS IN CLOUD: CURRENT PRACTICE Storage options in IaaS storage Virtual block storage (Persistent / Ephemeral) Web-based key-value storage No HPFS service for HPC applications Virtual PFS deployed on top of VBS Inefficient Managed entirely by the user

6 HPFS AS A SERVICE CURRENT PRACTICE Install storage servers and clients in Virtual Machine instances (VPFS) User provisions VM instances separately as required Installs and configures HPFS servers and clients on VMS Completely user-managed File access happens through multiple virtualization layers Improvements can be made both in performance and management Explore ways to incorporate HPFS in cloud using the File System

7 LUSTRE FILE SYSTEM Highly scalable parallel distributed file system Petabytes of storage with extremely high aggregate throughput. Components Meta-Data Servers (MDS): manage the file namespace meta-data Object Storage Servers (OSS) : manage file data Meta-data Targets (MDT) & Object Storage Targets (OST): storage back-end to MDS and OSS File striped over all OSSes ie. aggregate bandwidth = sum of bandwidths provided by all the OSSes. Supports multiple protocols TCP/IP, Infiniband

8 VIRTUAL PFS Node 0 Node 1 Node 2 Underlying storage is still VBS Client VM0 MDS VM1 OSS VM2 Volume Server Bottleneck Node 3 Volume Server Ethernet (/ Infiniband) MDT OST Block Storage for VM1, VM2 File-access in guest -> block device emulation in hypervisor - > fileaccess in host Network emulation in clients and servers

9 HPFS AS A SERVICE FS CLIENTS INSIDE VMS Enables direct file-access HPFS servers installed directly on hardware HPFS clients running inside VMs File Access over virtualized network Node 0 Client VM0 Node 1 Client VM1 Ethernet (/ Infiniband) MDS OSS OSS MDT OST OST

10 HPFS AS A SERVICE USING FS PASSTHROUGH Node 0 VirtFS Client VM0 VirtFS Server Client MDS MDT Ethernet / Infiniband OSS OST Node 1 VirtFS Client VM1 VirtFS Server Client OSS OST HPFS servers installed directly on hardware HPFS clients running on VM hosts A file system passthrough framework (VirtFS) is used to access files on the HFS installation from the VMs VirtFS uses the VirtIO transport Guest-driven I/O operations are zero-copy. Avoids the VM network emulation layer

11 HPFS AS BACKEND TO EBS Node 0 VM0 Client Node 1 Node 2 Ethernet / Infiniband Virtual Block Devices for VMs MDS MDT VM1 Client OSS OST VM2 Client OSS OST HPFS servers on native HPFS clients running on compute hosts Libvirt directory pool Virtual disk files (volumes) hosted on No direct access to files hosted on Improves reliability and scalability over hosting volumes on a volume server

12 HPFS AS VOLUME BACKEND as backend to volume service in OS: By default volume service uses logical volumes created on volume server exported through the iscsi service to compute host Libvirt in compute host manages the volumes through a iscsi storage pool New volume driver so that volumes are created as files on the installation. Export the volumes to libvirt either through clients running on compute hosts or through iscsi

13 FRAMEWORK File System as the HPFS Installation Implement and verify functionality of the schemes KVM instances on RHEL 6.1 Gigabit Ethernet Preliminary performance Evaluation using IOR benchmark IO benchmark developed by LLNL for emulating HPC workload

14 EVALUATION Performance evaluation: 2 clients accessing a Installation Installation: 1 MDS, 2 OSS. Each OSS has 4 OSTs Files striped over all OSTs IOR Configuration MPIIO interface 1 task per client writing to and reading from separate files A single task writes to and reads from different files to avoid caching effects Transfer size 1 MB, block size 4 GB Total file size 8 GB

15 RESULTS 350" 300" Normalized Performance in Percent 250" 200" 150" 100" 50" 0" Client-in-VM" FS"Passthrough" Na;ve" Write" Read" Normalized wrt VPFS performance write: FS pass-through 200%, native 300% read: FS pass-through 115 %, native 150 %

16 EXTEND OPENSTACK CLOUD MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Extend cloud management software to incorporate HPFS as a service OpenStack Open-source software stack to manage cloud infrastructures Set of services that communicate with each other via message queues and databases Compute Provisioning and managing virtual machine instances Storage Managing persistent block-level storage and object storage Authentication Underlying identity, token, catalog, and policy services Network Managing networking models and IP address Dashboard Web-based user interface

17 VPFS AS A SERVICE Allow users to deploy VPFS system as a whole Launch all VM instance servers and back-end storage targets together in one operation HPFS service-aware scheduler Create new VFPS flavors with multiple instances having HPFS installed Vary Number of storage servers and backing storage targets Small, medium, large

18 PROVIDE HPFS AS A SERVICE Native HPFS Installation as service Limit Allocation Connect virtual and native user namespace Identify parameters which can be user-configurable LDAP can be used to connect user namespaces inside and outside VMS Use a single LDAP backend for OpenStack authentication (KeyStone) and native authentication Identify host requirements when deploying guests (eg. Hosts with FS clients running)

19 CONCLUSION HPFS as a Service is required for running HPC applications on cloud We presented our ongoing work toward effectively integrating HPFS within a cloud environment Identified and implemented possible methods of HPFS access from a VM instance Current methods of PFS deployment in cloud substantially less efficient than using file system passthrough to access a native PFS installation from inside VM instances.

20 ONGOING WORK Investigate causes of degradation seen in the baseline VPFS configuration VPFS as a service in the OpenStack framework Orchestration and scheduling Native PFS installation as a service within the OpenStack cloud management framework Integrate guest and host user domain Limit user quota Driver as the backend to Volume Service in OpenStack

21 Questions? Thank You! Thanks to: Information Sciences Institute, Arlington, VA. Karandeep Singh, AWS

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