Gaoyao Tang Applications Engineer, Innocor Ltd April Copyright Innocor Ltd.

Transcription

1 Gaoyao Tang Applications Engineer, Innocor Ltd April 6 Copyright Innocor Ltd.

2 Optical Ethernet An introduction LAN boundary extended to encompass the wide area networks (WAN) and metropolitan area networks (MAN). Ethernet over Fiber, Ethernet over WDM, Ethernet over PDH/SONET/SDH, Ethernet over digital wrapper and Ethernet over RPR, etc. are some of the enabling technologies. Virtual LAN service becomes popular thanks to Q-in-Q, -in- and VPLS WAN or MAN GE or GE GE or GE This presentation discusses the techniques used for the transport of Ethernet over optical networks and the tests needed to evaluate a network s ability to carry Ethernet frames Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

3 What is Ethernet 8. Security 8. Overview and Architecture 8. Management 8.3 Medium Access 8.3 Physical 8. Medium Access 8. Physical 8.5 Medium Access 8.5 Physical 8. Logical Link 8. Bridging 8.6 Medium Access 8.6 Physical 8. Medium Access 8. Physical 8. Medium Access 8. Physical 8.5 Medium Access 8.5 Physical 8.6 Medium Access 8.6 Physical Ethernet : A LAN which couples the IEEE8.3 CSMA/CD to a family of the IEEE8.3 Physical Layers. Ethernet over means the transport of the IEEE 8.3 frame over a transport vehicle which may be SONET/SDH, WDM, OTN, RPR, Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

4 Ethernet over fiber----ge & GE Ethernet in its native format, mainly full duplex operation Defined for G and G Short operating distance Transmission codes are different for GE (8B/B) and GE (6B/66B) - Media Access Control (IEEE 8.3) Reconciliation Reconciliation 8B/B PCS PMA PMD BASE-SX (85nm) BASE-LX (3nm) 6B/66B PCS WIS PMA PMD GBASE-W 6B/66B PCS 6B/66B PMA PCS PMD GBASE-R Control information defined for link configuration (GE) and link fault signaling (Local fault and remote fault) 8B/B PCS PMA PMD GBASE-X Gigabit Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet Wavelength 85/3 nm Transmission code 8B/B Operating distance 55m (MMF), 5km (3 SMF) Gigabit Ethernet 85(S)/3(L)/55(E) nm 6B/66B 3m (S) /km (L) /km (E) Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

5 Examples of transmission codes 6B/66B (also used for G Fibre Channel) Input Data S Y N C Block Payload Bit Position 65 Data Block Format D D D D 3 /D D 5 D 6 D 7 D D D D 3 D D 5 D 6 D 7 Control Block Formats Block Type Field C C C C 3/C C 5C 6C 7 xe C C C C 3 C C 5 C 6 C 7 C C C C 3 /O D 5 D 6 D 7 xd C C C C 3 O D 5 D 6 D 7 C C C C 3/S D 5D 6D 7 x33 C C C C 3 D 5 D 6 D 7 O D D D 3/S D 5D 6D 7 x66 D D D 3 O D 5 D 6 D 7 O D D D 3/O D 5D 6D 7 x55 D D D 3 O O D 5 D 6 D 7 S D D D 3/D D 5D 6D 7 x78 D D D 3 D D 5 D 6 D 7 O D D D 3 /C C 5 C 6 C 7 xb D D D 3 O C C 5 C 6 C 7 T C C C 3 /C C 5 C 6 C 7 x87 C C C 3 C C 5 C 6 C 7 D T C C 3 /C C 5 C 6 C 7 x99 D C C 3 C C 5 C 6 C 7 D D T C 3 /C C 5 C 6 C 7 xaa D D C 3 C C 5 C 6 C 7 D D D T 3 /C C 5 C 6 C 7 xb D D D C C 5 C 6 C 7 D D D D 3/T C 5C 6C 7 xcc D D D D 3 C 5 C 6 C 7 D D D D 3/D T 5C 6C 7 xd D D D D 3 D C 6 C 7 D D D D 3/D D 5T 6C 7 xe D D D D 3 D D 5 C 7 D D D D 3 /D D 5 D 6 T 7 xff D D D D 3 D D 5 D 6 8B/B Code Group name Octet Value Octet Bits HGF EDCBA Current RD- Abcdei fghj Current RD + Abcdei fghj D. D. D. D3. 3 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

6 What is Generic Framing Procedure, defined by ITU-T G.7. A data encapsulation technique for the transport of data over communications networks such as: SONET/SDH OTN RPR PDH. Two types of frames Client frames Client data frames (carry user payload) Client management frames Control frames: Idle frames Two types of mapping Frame-mapped Transparent-mapped Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

7 client frame structure Octet transmission order Bit number Core header 3 PLI <5:8> PLI <7:>> chec <5:8> chec <7:> PTI PFI EXI thec thec UPI <7:> <5:8> <7:> Null extension header Payload Area Payload headers -6 bytes Type thec Extension header field ehec Client payload information Field ( ) Optional payload FCS (CRC-3) 9 CID Spare ehec ehec <7:> <7:> <5:8> <7:> Linear extension header PLI & chec to provide frame sync. and delineation Ethernet frames contained in client payload info field UPI to indicate payload type, e.g. Ethernet, RPR, Allows multiple data streams to be transported over single path via the use of CID Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

8 Ethernet over digital wrapper-----otu OTU and OTU are part of the OTN family defined in ITU-T G.79 Fixed frame format for all rates Longer transmission distance due to use of forward error correction Two types of mapping schemes, which one to use depends on the actual client signal Rich overhead capabilities Mapping : OTU With fixed stuff Column (bytes) Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH Fixed Stuff Bytes (for OC- 9/ STM-6 mapping) GE WAN G GE PCS OC-9 OTU FEC 8 Mapping : OTU Without fixed stuff Column (bytes) GE GE OTU Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH OTU FEC 8 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

9 Ethernet over digital wrapper-----otu WAN OTU Column (bytes) Row FA OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH OC-8 OTU FEC Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

10 Transporting GE LAN with digital wrapper A technique to transparently transport GE LAN traffic Frame structure and overhead definition is the same as for OTN May be different on the use of overhead fields GE LAN WAN GE LAN.9G or.95g.9g or.95g Mapping :.95 Gbps Mapping :.9 Gbps Column (bytes) Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH Fixed Stuff Bytes (for OC- 9/ STM-6 mapping) GE LAN GE LAN FEC 8 Column (bytes) Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH GE LAN FEC 8 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

11 Ethernet over PDH/SONET/SDH Access Backbone Access N x DS / GE WAN or MAN / DS3 High speed optical signal VCAT N x DS DS SONET DS3 VCAT N x E E SDH E3 STS- SPE # STS- SPE #N SONET/SDH When multiple DSs/Es already exist and no SONET/SDH connection available at customer premise, EoPDH is a quick and low cost solution. Use N x DS (VCAT) or DS3 to transport / Ethernet signal, N x STS- to transport GE, Virtual concatenation is key in such configuration Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

12 Virtual concatenation-----vcat Bit An SDH example H byte Bit Bit 3 Bit Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8 st multiframe indicator MFI (bits -) nd multiframe indicator MFI MSB (bits -) nd multiframe indicator MFI LSB (bits 5-8) Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Reserved ("") Sequence indicator SQ MSB (bits -) Sequence indicator SQ LSB (bits 5-8) nd multiframe numb er n st multiframe numb er Multiple channels to transport traffic with higher bandwidth than available on one single channel, each channel is transported independently -stage multi-frame to help recombine the traffic Sequence indicator identifies member number within one virtually concatenated group Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

13 Resilient packet ring RPR Specified in IEEE Std layer technology optimized for bandwidth efficiency for data traffic in transport network Dynamic bandwidth adjustment with fairness control Quick link failure recovery Physical layer independent, can use SONET/SDH Ethernet PHY client control Fairness Topology and protection OAM RPR datapath PRS- or PRS- GRS SRS PacketPHY HDLC-like adaptation SONET/SDH PHY Medium Medium Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

14 RPR frame structure----data frame Size bytes 6 6 ri ef fe fi Data Frame ttl basecontrol ft sc da sa ttlbase extendedcontrol ps so hec we res p Other frames that have been defined include Fairness frames Control frames and Idle frames Client Ethernet data are carried in RPR data frames 6 6 daextended saextended Optional protocoltype n servicedataunit 8.3 frame fcs Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

15 Testing the optical transport of Ethernet Some techniques to transport Ethernet signals in the optical domain: Native Ethernet: GE GE In transport network SONET/SDH OTN Non-standard digital wrapper RPR In access network: EoPDH Testing of transport capabilities involves the test of every procedure that is involved Traffic handling capabilities involves other types of testing RFC 5: Throughput, latency, back-to-back frames, frame loss rate Multiple streaming with variable address, VLAN, length, Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

16 Testing GE and GE Coding: verify that transmission code is done properly. Receiver handles invalid code based on the standards Payload BER Alarm generation and detection Local fault Remote fault Control information (ordered_set ) PCS capturing reveals information not found on higher layer Ethernet tester ( IFG, preamble, actual codegroup, ordered_set ) PCS editing allows for conformance testing Need full SONET testing to perform complete testing of GE WAN Reconciliation 8B/B PCS PMA OC-9 6B/66B PCS Reconciliation 6B/66B PCS PMA 8B/B PCS PMA Code Group name D. D. Octet Value Octet Bits HGF EDCBA Current RD- Abcdei fghj Current RD + Abcdei fghj D. D3. 3 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

17 Testing Ethernet over digital wrapper Mapping of Ethernet frames into operations Full SONET/SDH when applicable Framing Mapping Overhead (Alarm, pointer, APS, B, B, B3 ) VCAT (when applicable) All that apply to GE LAN and WAN testing when applicable Full Digital Wrapper testing ( OTN falls within the category of digital wrapper) Overhead Alarm generation and detection, ) Payload BER Overhead capturing and capturing can be a useful tool in development and trouble shooting G GE PCS OC-9 OTU OTU OC-8 6B/66B PCS Digital Wrapper Column (bytes) Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH Fixed Stuff Bytes (for OC- 9/ STM-6 mapping) FEC 8 Column (bytes) Row 3 FA 7 8 OTU OH ODU OH OPU OH FEC 8 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

18 Testing Ethernet over PDH/SDH/SONET N x DS / WAN or MAN / DS3 OC-/3/, Mapping of Ethernet frames into operations Conventional PDH testing (DS, DS3) SONET/SDH testing (framing, mapping, overhead,...) VCAT/LCAS testing Payload BER STS- SPE # VCAT N x DS DS STS- SPE #N SONET/SDH SONET DS3 Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

19 Testing Ethernet over RPR Size bytes ri ef fe fi Data Frame ttl basecontrol ft sc da sa ttlbase extendedcontrol ps so hec daextended saextended we res p Mapping/demapping of Ethernet frame into/out RPR RPR protocol testing (fairness, protection, ) Mapping of RPR frame into/out operations Full SONET/SDH testing as previously described Frame capturing usefull in development and trouble shooting protocoltype Logical link control ( client) n servicedataunit Fairness Topology and protection datapath OAM RPR fcs PRS- or PRS- GRS SRS PacketPHY HDLC-like adaptation SONET/SDH PHY Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

20 Summary We have discussed about techniques to transport Ethernet signals in the optical domain: Native Ethernet: GE GE EoPDH/SONET/SDH OTN (OTU/OTU) Non-standard digital wrapper (.9G,.95G with FEC), and RPR Testing of transport capabilities involves the test of every procedure that leads to the final format. Data capturing is a powerful tool for analysis capturing is often Key in many cases Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

21 Questions and answers Copyright Innocor Ltd., 6

22 Copyright Innocor Ltd.