BACnet Its Origins, Evolution, and Future

Transcription

1 BACnet Its Origins, Evolution, and Future

2 The Pre-Pre-History Honeywell Selectrographic 6 installed 1975 Diskless IBM System/7 arrives 1977 The first System/7 with a hard disk and software from the IBM Palo Alto Research Center

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4 The Pre-History DDC arrives at Cornell in the form of JCI DSC-8500s Everyone wanted to sell us DDC but none of it could interoperate! The ASHRAE struggle begins and I attend my first meeting

5 The Development An "SPC" is approved in NYC (January '87) and meets in Nashville in June Who is in? Who is out? We finally publish ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 135 in 1995! Are we done yet? No! We're just starting!

6 There were, of course, many struggles... BACnet Committee

7 Twenty-Two Years of Evolution What the BACnet standard was and is...

8 = A Data Communication Protocol for Building Automation and Control networks Only standard protocol specifically for buildings.

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11 Protocol rules apply to: Messages and their format Networking options (LANs, WANs, Dial-up, etc.) Joining networks together to form "internetworks"

12 Two Main Parts of Every Application Protocol Transport Application Message

13 BACnet provides the capability to communicate about the "application" of "building automation" in all its diversity: HVAC, lighting, security, access control, fire detection, utility interaction, etc., by means of Objects, Messages, and Transport Options (i.e., LANs and WANs).

14 Objects Objects represent physical inputs, outputs and software processes IF temp>72 THEN 72

15 Objects Each object is characterized by a set of properties that describe its behavior or govern its operation Object_Name SPACE TEMP 72 Object_Type ANALOG INPUT Present_Value 72.3 Status_Flags Normal, Out-of-Service High_Limit 78.0 Low_Limit 68.0

16 Objects BACnet 2016 defines a collection of 60 standard objects Access Door Command Multi-state Input Accumulator Analog Input Analog Output Analog Value Averaging Binary Input Binary Output Binary Value Calendar Device Event Enrollment Event Log File Group Life Safety Point Life Safety Zone Load Control Loop Multi-state Output Multi-state Value Notification Class Program Pulse Convertor Schedule Structured View Trend Log Trend Log Multiple

17 BACnet Device DEVICE LOOP SCHEDULE GROUP AV BI BO AI AO

18 Messages Object Access Services Alarm and Event Services File Access Services Remote Device Management Services Miscellaneous

19 Transport Options Ethernet ARCNET Master-Slave/Token-Passing (MS/TP) Point-to-Point (PTP) Echelon's LonTalk BACnet/IP (Internet Protocol) BACnet/WS (Web Services) ZigBee

20 "Native" BACnet BACnet LAN - Ethernet, ARCNET, MS/TP, LonTalk, BACnet/IP or ZigBee BACnet Workstation BACnet Field Panels Sensors and Actuators Native BACnet devices provide BACnet communications directly, device to device

21 BACnet LAN - Ethernet Net 1 BACnet Workstation Vendor A BACnet Field Panel Ethernet to ARCNET Router Routers - Sensors and Actuators Ethernet to MS/TP Router BACnet LAN - ARCNET Net 2 BACnet LAN - MS/TP Net 3 BACnet Field Panels Vendor B Vendor B BACnet Field Panels Vendor C Vendor C Sensors and Actuators Sensors and Actuators "re-package" BACnet messages and re-transmit them unchanged

22 BACnet LAN - Ethernet, ARCNET, MS/TP, LonTalk, BACnet/IP or ZigBee BACnet Workstation BACnet Field Panels Gateways - Sensors and Actuators Proprietary LAN BACnet to Vendor B Gateway Non- BACnet Field Panels Sensors and Actuators must "translate" messages before retransmission

23 BACnet, of course, also works with the Internet

24 A BBMD BACnet Device BACnet Device BACnet Device IP Router BACnet/IP "Unicast" Messages (BACnet devices speak using IP directly) Internet IP Router BBMD BACnet Device BACnet Device BACnet Device B

25 A BBMD BACnet Device BACnet Device BACnet Device IP Router BACnet/IP "Broadcast" messages ("BBMD" required to pass broadcasts through IP routers) Internet IP Router BBMD BACnet Device BACnet Device BACnet Device B

26 BACnet over IPv6 (Specified in ) BACnet/IPv6

27 In summary, = Object Model + Messages + Transport Options

28 Where is BACnet being used? More than 100,000 systems are installed today worldwide in 82 countries and on all continents. About 10,000 involve multiple vendors.

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30 BACnet on Capitol Hill

31 Diagnostic Lab North Langmuir Liddell Marmota Ornithology Lab 226 BACS Facilities Rowing Center Arthropod Baker Institute CISER EHOB Schwardt Lab Small Animal Holding

32 14000 Growth in EMCS Device Count Since , /1/2005 1/1/2006 1/1/2007 1/1/2008 1/1/2009 1/1/2010 1/1/2011 1/1/2012 1/1/2013 1/1/2014 1/1/2015

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34 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard , BACnet A Data Communication Protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks - After 22 addenda to BACnet Protocol Revision 19 - No addenda yet - Will become ISO xx ANSI/ASHRAE Standard , BACnet Testing Method of Test for Conformance to BACnet - Conformance Test Specifications - Device Testing, not System Testing - Will become ISO xx Current Standards

35 BACnet Development Two Tracks "Legacy BACnet" Enhancements New objects and services New properties New datalink types New Technologies IPv6 BACnet/IT Existing IT infrastructures IoT integration BACnet/WS Enterprise web services

36 What's new in BACnet-2016? "Legacy Enhancements" Six new object types including the Network Port Object Three new services for COV reporting MS/TP large frames (6loBAC) "Value Source" mechanism Gateway specifications Support for elevators / escalators Improved lighting support

37 What's new in BACnet-2016? "New Technologies" IPv6 Improved BACnet Web Services New data model for BACnet/WS and device definition and discovery Support for both XML and JSON

38 BACnet for Elevator Monitoring (Addendum aq, in ) Elevator Monitoring

39 BACnet XD BACnet Extended Data Model (Addendum am, in ) Data / From Modbus registers to BACnet objects to Arbitrary Data and Metadata Data Data Data Data Data Metadata Metadata Metadata /path/to/data/data /path/to/data/data/$metadata

40 BACnet XD Solves Several Problems How do you represent "as built" BACnet device configurations? How do you represent "profiles" in BACnet objects? How do you collect together various objects for specific applications?

41 BACnet XD BACnet XD Device Descriptions (Addendum ba, in ) - New Profile_Location property in all BACnet objects - Device description machine readable via XML - Includes Devices, Objects and Properties BACnet Objects Profile_Name Profile_Location BACnet XD XDD File - Located in Device itself, or on some server

42 BACnet XD Tags in BACnet Objects (Specified in ) - New 'Tags' property for Semantic / Value Tags in each object type - New 'Subordinate Tags' property for Semantic Tags of subordinates in Structured View object - Arbitrary / mix of dictionaries possible Structured View Subordinate Tags Subordinate Tags Tags BACnet Object Tags BACnet Object Tags

43 Tag Definition and Implementation Tags can be useful for both machine-to-machine and human-tomachine communication: Presentation and Visualization of data Reporting of status and functioning Grouping of related data Analysis and Operational Decision Making Each of these functions is likely to have a huge impact on the building automation systems of the future, especially when the "Internet of Things" (IoT) takes off and the number of available data points grows exponentially!

44 Tag Definition and Implementation "Tags" describe the meaning ("semantics") of data. A given object can have multiple tags. They can be a simple attribute or description (a "semantic tag") equipment point degrees-c chiller air-handler or have values associated with them (a "value tag") location, Clark Hall yearinstalled, 2012 assettagid,

45 Proposed ASHRAE Standard 223P Designation and Classification of Semantic Tags for Building Data Proposed Standard - The purpose of this standard is to provide a dictionary of uniform semantic tags. These tags enable interoperable use of descriptive information on building data. - SSPC 135 will create initial draft

46 BACnet/WS { } BACnet RESTful Web Services - REST style API to BACS Information - Secure via HTTPS and OAuth Full access to BACnet XD Data and Metadata - Full discovery of Data and Metadata - Event and Change-Of-Value Subscriptions - Queries and Filters - "Localized" data, i.e., support for multiple languages - XML, JSON or Plain Text Representation Formats "$base":"composition", "$nodetype":"equipment", "$displayname":"example Co. Air Handler, Single Duct with AC2 Mixed", "Mixed_Air_Temp": { "$base":"real", "$variability":"status", "$displayname":"mixed Air Temperature", "$units":"degrees-fahrenheit" }, "Min_Outside_Air": { "$base":"real", "$units":"percent", "$writable":true, "$variability":"config }, JSON <?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> XML <Composition xmlns=" nodetype="equipment" displayname="example Co. Air Handler, Single Duct with AC2 Mixed" > <Real name="mixed-air-temp" variability="status" displayname="mixed Air Temperature" units="degrees-fahrenheit"/> <Real name="min-outside-air" units="percent" writable="true" variability="config /> </Composition >

47 The Future 2017-???? Here are some things being worked on: Improved Integration/Convergence with IT Networks Smart Grid Implementation in Buildings Improved Building Intelligence

48 To learn more, please consider this book:

49 To stay current with BACnet developments, please visit: Thanks for your attention!

50 Questions?