A Seminar report On Cloud Computing

Transcription

1 A Seminar reprt On Clud Cmputing Submitted in partial fulfillment f the requirement fr the award f degree f Bachelr f Technlgy in Cmputer Science SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

2 Preface I have made this reprt file n the tpic Clud Cmputing, I have tried my best t elucidate all the relevant detail t the tpic t be included in the reprt. While in the beginning I have tried t give a general view abut this tpic. My effrts and whlehearted c-crpratin f each and everyne has ended n a successful nte. I express my sincere gratitude t..wh assisting me thrughut the prepratin f this tpic. I thank him fr prviding me the reinfrcement, cnfidence and mst imprtantly the track fr the tpic whenever I needed it.

3 Clud Cmputing 1. Intrductin 2. What Is Clud Cmputing? 3. Histry f Clud Cmputing 4. Architecture f Clud Cmputing 5. Types f Clud Cmputing 6. Cmpnents f Clud Cmputing 7. Recent Develpment s f Clud Cmputing 8. Advantages f Clud Cmputing 9. Disadvantages f Clud Cmputing 10. Cnclusin Clud Cmputing

4 Intrductin Clud cmputing is Internet-based cmputing, whereby shared resurces, sftware, and infrmatin are prvided t cmputers and ther devices n demand, like the electricity grid. Clud cmputing is a paradigm shift fllwing the shift frm mainframe t client server in the early 1980s. Details are abstracted frm the users, wh n lnger have need fr expertise in, r cntrl ver, the technlgy infrastructure "in the clud" that supprts them.

5 What Is Clud Cmputing? Clud cmputing is Internet based cmputing where virtual shared servers prvide sftware, infrastructure, platfrm, devices and ther resurces and hsting t custmers n a pay-as-yu-use basis. All infrmatin that a digitized system has t ffer is prvided as a service in the clud cmputing mdel. Users can access these services available n the "Internet clud" withut having any previus knw-hw n managing the resurces invlved. Thus, users can cncentrate mre n their cre business prcesses rather than spending time and gaining knwledge n resurces needed t manage their business prcesses. Clud cmputing custmers d nt wn the physical infrastructure; rather they rent the usage frm a third-party prvider. This helps them t avid huge. They cnsume resurces as a service and pay nly fr resurces that they use. Mst clud cmputing infrastructures cnsist f services delivered thrugh cmmn centers and built n servers. Sharing resurces amngst can imprve, as servers are nt unnecessarily left idle, which can reduce csts significantly while increasing the speed f applicatin develpment.

6 Histry Cncept riginated frm telecmmunicatin cmpanies changing t VPN 1999: Salesfrce.cm Delivery f applicatins via web 2002: Amazn launches Amazn Web Services (AWS) 2006: Ggle Dcs, Amazn Elastic Cmpute Clud (EC2) 2008: Eucalyptus 2009: Micrsft Azure

7 Architecture Clud architecture, the systems architecture f the sftware systems invlved in the delivery f clud cmputing, typically invlves multiple clud cmpnents cmmunicating with each ther ver applicatin prgramming interfaces, usually web services. Clud cmputing sample architecture This resembles the UNIX philsphy f having multiple prgrams each ding ne thing well and wrking tgether ver universal interfaces. Cmplexity is cntrlled and the resulting systems are mre manageable than their mnlithic cunterparts. The tw mst significant cmpnents f clud cmputing architecture are knwn as the frnt end and the back end. The frnt end is the part seen by the client, i.e. the cmputer user. This includes the client s netwrk (r cmputer) and the applicatins used t access the clud via a user interface such as a web brwser. The back end f the clud cmputing architecture is the clud itself, cmprising varius cmputers, servers and data strage devices.

8 Types f Clud Cmputing Public clud Public cluds are made available t the general public by a service prvider wh hsts the clud infrastructure. Generally, public clud prviders like Amazn AWS, Micrsft and Ggle wn and perate the infrastructure and ffer access ver the Internet. With this mdel, custmers have n visibility r cntrl ver where the infrastructure is lcated. It is imprtant t nte that all custmers n public cluds share the same infrastructure pl with limited cnfiguratin, security prtectins and availability variances. Public Clud custmers benefit frm ecnmies f scale, because infrastructure csts are spread acrss all users, allwing each individual client t perate n a lw-cst, pay-as-yu-g mdel. Anther advantage f public clud infrastructures is that they are typically larger in scale than an in-huse enterprise clud, which prvides clients with seamless, ndemand scalability. These cluds ffer the greatest level f efficiency in shared resurces; hwever, they are als mre vulnerable than private cluds. A public clud is the bvius chice when: Yur standardized wrklad fr applicatins is used by lts f peple, such as . Yu need t test and develp applicatin cde. Yu need incremental capacity (the ability t add cmpute resurces fr peak times).

9 Yu re ding cllabratin prjects. Private clud Private clud is clud infrastructure dedicated t a particular rganizatin. Private cluds allw businesses t hst applicatins in the clud, while addressing cncerns regarding data security and cntrl, which is ften lacking in a public clud envirnment. It is nt shared with ther rganizatins, whether managed internally r by a third-party, and it can be hsted internally r externally. There are tw variatins f private cluds: 1. On-Premise Private Clud: This type f clud is hsted within an rganizatin s wn facility. A businesses IT department wuld incur the capital and peratinal csts fr the physical resurces with this mdel. On-Premise Private Cluds are best used fr applicatins that require cmplete cntrl and cnfigurability f the infrastructure and security. 2. Externally Hsted Private Clud: Externally hsted private cluds are als exclusively used by ne rganizatin, but are hsted by a third party specializing in clud infrastructure. The service prvider facilitates an exclusive clud envirnment with full guarantee f privacy. This frmat is recmmended fr rganizatins that prefer nt t use a public clud infrastructure due t the risks assciated with the sharing f physical resurces. Undertaking a private clud prject requires a significant level and degree f engagement t virtualized the business envirnment, and it will require the

10 rganizatin t reevaluate decisins abut existing resurces. Private cluds are mre expensive but als mre secure when cmpared t public cluds. An Inf-Tech survey shws that 76% f IT decisin-makers will fcus exclusively n the private clud, as these cluds ffer the greatest level f security and cntrl. When is a Private Clud fr yu? Yu need data svereignty but want clud efficiencies Yu want cnsistency acrss services Yu have mre server capacity than yur rganizatin can use Yur data center must becme mre efficient Yu want t prvide private clud services Hybrid clud Hybrid Cluds are a cmpsitin f tw r mre cluds (private, cmmunity r public) that remain unique entities but are bund tgether ffering the advantages f multiple deplyment mdels. In a hybrid clud, yu can leverage third party clud prviders in either a full r partial manner; increasing the flexibility f cmputing. Augmenting a traditinal private clud with the resurces f a public clud can be used t manage any unexpected surges in wrklad.

11 Hybrid clud architecture requires bth n-premise resurces and ff-site server based clud infrastructure. By spreading things ut ver a hybrid clud, yu keep each aspect f yur business in the mst efficient envirnment pssible. The dwnside is that yu have t keep track f multiple clud security platfrms and ensure that all aspects f yur business can cmmunicate with each ther. Here are a cuple f situatins where a hybrid envirnment is best: Yur cmpany wants t use a SaaS applicatin but is cncerned abut security. Yur cmpany ffers services that are tailred fr different vertical markets. Yu can use a public clud t interact with the clients but keep their data secured within a private clud. Yu can prvide public clud t yur custmers while using a private clud fr internal IT.

12 Cmpnents SaaS (sftware as a service): SaaS refers t sftware that s made available as a web-based service. Because yu can access the sftware remtely, yu dn t need additinal hardware t use r run it. Furthermre, yu dn t have t wrry abut the sftware s installatin, setup, maintenance r upgrades. An example f SaaS is a site that allws yu t create, save and access dcuments nline. Utility cmputing: The predecessr f clud cmputing, utility cmputing prvides the ability t access strage and virtual servers n demand. Clud-based web services: Similar t Saas, web services in the clud allw yu t ffer services nline, such as credit card prcessing services, emplyee payrll prcessing r viewing an interactive map. MSP (managed service prviders): The grandfather f clud cmputing, an MSP delivers applicatins t IT instead f end-users. An MSP example includes an virus-scanning service. IaaS (infrastructure as a service): IaaS refers t cmputer infrastructure (e.g., virtualizatin) that s delivered as a service. A data center that ffers utsurced sftware and servers may use IaaS fr its peratins.

13 Recent Develpment s In 2007, Ggle, IBM, and a number f universities embarked n a large scale clud cmputing research prject. In early 2008, Eucalyptus became the first pen surce AWS API cmpatible platfrm fr deplying private cluds. By mid-2008, Gartner saw an pprtunity fr clud cmputing "t shape the relatinship amng cnsumers f IT services, thse wh use IT services and thse wh sell them, and bserved that "rganizatins are switching frm cmpany-wned hardware and sftware assets t per-use service-based mdels" s that the "prjected shift t clud cmputing... will result in dramatic grwth in IT prducts in sme areas and significant reductins in ther areas. In March 2010, Micrsft's CEO, Steve Ballmer, made his strngest statement f betting the cmpany's future in the clud by prclaiming "Fr the clud, we're all in" and further stating "Abut 75 percent f ur flks are ding entirely clud based r entirely clud inspired, a year frm nw that will be 90 percent." Hewlett Packard s chief technlgy and chief strategy fficer Shane Rbisn in July 2010 named the inevitability f the clud as a tp tenet f HP s strategy. Clud cmputing is ne f eight key research fcus areas fr HP Labs.

14 Advantages f Clud Cmputing The fllwing are sme f the pssible advantages f clud cmputing: Flexibility There is a high rate f flexibility when using clud cmputing because peple can pt ut f  using it whenever they want t. One f the  majr benefit f clud cmputing is that there is n limitatin f place and medium. We can access ur applicatins and data anywhere in the wrld, n any system. These are the main reasns, which attract peple t use  this methd. Lw Cst Cmpanies can save big by emplying clud cmputing as it eliminates cst fr hardware and sftware. With clud cmputing, cmpany uses the resurces f the hsting cmpany t stre their data and applicatins. Cmpanies als pay fr use f the sftware and prgrams by paying a subscriptin fee. The cst f using clud resurces is very ecnmical fr resurces such as centralized, real estate, bandwidth, and pwer. Users will als save mney n sftware updates, management csts, and data strage csts. It is a cheaper way t maintain the sftware and it will save time, as the develpers keep track f updates and maintain yur prgrams while yu use it. Speed & Scales Traditinal methds t buy and cnfigure hardware and sftware are time cnsuming. There is n need t purchase and setup hardware manually when using the clud cmputing methd. Clud cmputing prvides a rapid deplyment mdel that enables applicatins t grw quickly t match increasing usage requirements. Depending upn their needs the user can quickly scale up r scale dwn. Easier Management f Data and Infrmatin Since all data are lcated n a centralized lcatin, data are mre rganized making it easy t manage. All transactins are als recrded s management can easily track activities f their emplyees.

15 Device Diversity We can access ur applicatins and data anywhere in the wrld, n any system. Clud Cmputing Services can be accessed thrugh varius different electrnic devices that are able t have access t the internet. These devices wuld include and i pad, Smartphne, Laptp, r desktp cmputer. Increased Strage Capacity Increased Strage Capacity is anther benefit f the clud cmputing, as it can stre mre data as cmpared t a persnal cmputer. S it saves us frm the upgrading cmputer memry that helps reduce the cst fr cmpanies and users. Easy t Learn and Understand Thus allwing yu t save hundreds and thusands f dllars in implementing any new system and making arrangements fr training n the same. Since peple are quiet used t clud applicatins like GMail, Ggle Dcs, s anything related t the same is mst likely t be understd by the users. Autmatic Updating It saves cmpanies time and effrt t update multiples server. On the ther hand, it als helps users t dwnlad updates fr the sftware. Once the server gets updated the users can get the updates withut ding anything. Custmize Setting Clud cmputing als allws yu t custmize yur business applicatins. This is a great benefit because the wrld f nline business is very cmpetitive.

16 Disadvantages f Clud Cmputing The fllwing are sme f the pssible disadvantages f clud cmputing: Dependency One majr disadvantages f clud cmputing is user s dependency n the prvider. Internet users dn t have their data stred with them. Risk Clud cmputing services means taking services frm remte servers. Â There is always insecurity regarding stred dcuments because users d nt have cntrl ver their sftware. Nthing can be recvered if their servers g ut f service. Requires a Cnstant internet cnnectin The mst bvius disadvantage is that Clud cmputing cmpletely relies n netwrk cnnectins. It makes yur business dependent n the reliability f yur Internet cnnectin. When it s ffline, yu re ffline. If yu d nt have an Internet cnnectin, yu can t access anything, even yur wn data. A dead internet cnnectin means n wrk. Similarly, a lw-speed Internet cnnectin, such as that fund with dial-up services, makes clud cmputing painful at best and ften impssible. Webbased apps ften require a lt f bandwidth t dwnlad, In ther wrds, clud cmputing isn t fr the slw cnnectin. Security Security and privacy are the biggest cncerns abut clud cmputing. Cmpanies might feel uncmfrtable knwing that their data is stred in a virtual server which makes respnsibility n the security f the data difficult t determine and even users might feel uncmfrtable handing ver their data t a third party. Privacy is anther big issue with the clud cmputing server. T make clud servers mre secure t ensure that a clients data is nt accessed by any unauthrized users, clud service prviders have develped passwrd prtected accunts, security servers thrugh which all data being transferred must pass and data encryptin technique. Migratin Issue

17 Migratin prblem is als a big cncern abut clud cmputing. If the user wants t switch t sme ther Prvider then it is nt easy t transfer huge data frm ne prvider t anther. Cnclusin S, while clud cmputing is really great and yu re prbably already using it, either fr business f fr persnal means, here s what we ve learned frm taking a lk at the prs and cns: Clud cmputing is a really cheap way fr cmpanies t have all the resurces they need in nce place. It s a much better way t spread yur resurces, and it becmes easier t access things frm lnger distances. But Is clud cmputing really all that safe? Fr instance, while clud cmputing has backups, if smething was t g wrng d yu have yur wn persnal backup? Is clud cmputing as private as yu think it is? Is yur data secured r can anyne access it? S there yu have it! Everything yu need t knw abut clud cmputing; what it is, hw t use it, and sme prs and cns! References