Design, Deployment and Troubleshooting Scalable MPLS Architecture (Platform : IOS-XR, IOS-XE)

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2 Design, Deployment and Troubleshooting Scalable MPLS Architecture (Platform : IOS-XR, IOS-XE) Vinit Jain, Technical Leader Services CCIE # Shashi Shekhar Sharma, Customer Advocacy Engineer

3 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot# 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

4 Agenda Introduction Seamless MPLS Overview Deployment Models Design Breakdown Lab Overview and Packet Flow Control and Forwarding Plane flow Accessing the Lab Lab it

5 Session Goal Introduction of Scalable MPLS Architecture Hands-on LAB (Scalable MPLS) Migration Strategy CASE STUDY (In design aspect) This hands-on lab and we will be cover details packet flow during this session will provide students with an opportunity to configure Scalable MPLS Deployment Models, and analyze the functionality using Cisco IOS and XR configuration, show commands and debugs This session also provides CASE STUDY on Scalable and its Design Aspects Students MUST have a basic understanding of MPLS Students MUST have familiarity with Cisco IOS and its CLI 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5

6 Session Coverage Focus is to understand how the Seamless MPLS network is built and how to make the network more scalable Primary focus on integration of BGP 3107, LDP, RSVP and deployment of and L3 VPNs All lab routers are IOS, XE and XR based 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6

7 GOALS Selection of different signaling protocols, features and configuration options affects the amount of state created, and what are the tradeoffs involved. Analyze few common mistakes when doing scalability analysis. Techniques available for improving scaling in MPLS deployments Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7

8 Why Scalable MPLS?

9 GOALS FOR SEAMLESS MPLS IP traffic increases rapidly due to video, cloud, mobile internet, multimedia services and so on. To cope with the growth rate of IP Traffic, we increase our networks capacity but at the same time we have to maintain operational simplicity. Very large scale: from < 1000 nodes today to 10 to 100 thousand nodes in a single MPLS network All-encompassing: access, metro, core Robust: protocols, devices, OAM Resilient: 50 msec service restoration Service flexibility The network architecture to achieve the above requirements must not constrain services in any way 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9

10 Network end-to-end Scalability and Resilience with MPLS MPLS in Access/Edge for benefits like better Scalability, TE, QOS and resiliency Advantages: 1. Offloads the core since many routing decisions can be made in the access. 2. Enables fast service creation/delivery that supports legacy and future services. 3. Optimizes bandwidth utilization throughout the network 4. Scale the network beyond VLAN limitation to practically unlimited 5. Ensures service delivery during Moves/Adds/Changes in the network 6. Eases management and maintenance by using a single technology end-to-end 7. Increase number of classes of Service using Hierarchical Qos 8. Supports OAM at various layers to prevent unnecessary truck rolls Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10

11 Seamless MPLS Overview Seamless MPLS is the umbrella portfolio that provides the framework for taking MPLS to the access in a scalable fashion, extending the benefits of TE and LFA / RLFA and guaranteed service level agreements (SLAs) with deterministic network resiliency. Building Multi-Generation Scalable Networks with End-to-End MPLS. Service Flexibility and Simplified Provisioning: key benefits and requirements with taking MPLS to the access and building seamless MPLS networks: 1. Service flexibility and simplified provisioning and operations 2. Network resiliency with deterministic, sub-second, end-to-end convergence for services 3. Scale to the order of 100,000 nodes network-wide without compromising any of the benefits 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11

12 IMPLEMENTATION: SEAMLESS MPLS Network Scale and End-to-End service restoration MPLS in the access, 100,000s of devices in ONE packet network Seamless service recovery from any failure event (Sub-50ms) Decoupled network and service architectures Complete virtualization of network services Flexible topological placement of services enabler for per service de-centralization Minimized number of provisioning points, simplified end-to-end operation 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12

13 Building Seamless MPLS Networks Service flexibility, simplified provisioning, simplified operations Seamless MPLS architecture is a systematic way of enabling MPLS end-to-end. Clean separation of control plane, management plane, and data plane operations throughout the network. Optimized and simplified service provisioning and operations, making it possible to minimize the number of service provisioning points. Network resiliency with deterministic, subsecond, end-to-end convergence for services MPLS has significant traffic engineering capabilities, enabling end-toend service restoration. Scale to the order of 100,000 nodes network-wide without compromising any of the benefits Seamless MPLS enhances the capacity to scale as needed Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13

14 DECOUPLING ARCHITECTURES Ultimately, a Service Provider needs to provide services (even if it is just basic connectivity) Service architecture defines where and how a service is delivered, and the interaction of service nodes and service helpers to enable the service Network architecture provides the underlying connectivity functions (QoS, CAC, FRR, ) to make each service as effective as possible These architectures need to be as decoupled and independently managed as feasible 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14

15 Agenda Introduction Seamless MPLS Overview Deployment Models Design Breakdown Lab Overview and Packet Flow Accessing the Lab Lab it

16 Unified MPLS Architecture Models Architecture Models based on Access Type Ethernet/TDM Access or MPLS Access Network Size Small/Med or Large Networks Small Network: 1. Ethernet and TDM Access: Flat LDP Core and Aggregation 2. MPLS Access: Hierarchical Labeled BGP Access Network Large Network: Ethernet/TDM Access: 3. Hierarchical Labeled BGP Core and Aggregation Network Large Network : 4. Hierarchical Labeled BGP Access, Aggregation and Core Network 5. Labeled BGP Redistribution into Access Network IGP/LDP 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16

17 Unified MPLS Architecture Models Architecture Models based on: Access Type: Ethernet TDM or MPLS access Network Size: Small/Medium (1000 nodes or less) or Large End to Labeled Switch Path Deployment Model Network Size Access Type Core/Aggregation LSP 1 Small/Medium Ethernet/TDM Flat LDP 2 Small/Medium MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP 3 Large Ethernet Hierarchical Labeled BGP 4 Large MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP for Core, Aggregation and Access 5 Large MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP for Core, Aggregation with redistribution in Access 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17

18 1 Small Network: Ethernet/TDM Access Flat LDP LSP across Core and Aggregation Networks Aggregation Core Mobile Transport GW Core Aggregation CSG TDM and Packet Microwave, 2G/3G/LTE Aggregation Distributio Aggregation n Core Core and Aggregation IP/MPLS Domain Mobile Transport GW Core Pre-Aggregation Aggregation IP/Ethernet Business Fiber and Microwave 3G/LTE IGP/LDP domain Core and Aggregation Networks form one IGP and LDP domain. Scale recommendation is less than 1000 IGP/LDP nodes Packet Microwave links aggregated in Aggregation s Mobile Access is based on TDM All services Mobile and Wireline enabled by Aggregation s 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18

19 2 Small Network: MPLS Access Hierarchical BGP LSP Across Core + Aggregation and Access Networks CSG CSG RAN IP/MPLS Domain Pre-Aggregation Aggregation Core Mobile Transport GW Core and Aggregation IP/MPLS domain IGP Area Core Aggregation Pre-Aggregation CSG RAN IP/MPLS Domain CSG CSG Aggregation Core Mobile Transport GW ibgp Hierarchical LSP Core Aggregation CSG LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP The Core and Aggregation form a relatively small IGP/LDP domain (1000 nodes) MPLS enabled RAN, each RAN forms a different IGP/LDP domain The Core/Aggregation and RAN Access Networks are integrated with labelled BGP LSP The Access Network s learn only the MPC labelled BGP prefixes and selectively and optionally the neighbouring RAN networks labelled BGP prefixes Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19

20 3 Large Network: Ethernet/TDM access Hierarchical BGP LSP Across Core Network and Aggregation Networks Aggregation Aggregation Aggregation Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Core Core Mobile Transport GW Core Network IP/MPLS Domain Mobile Transport GW Core Core Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Pre-Aggregation CSG IP/Ethernet CSG TDM and Packet Microwave, 2G/3G/LTE Aggregation ibgp (ebgp across ASes) Hierarchical LSP Aggregation Fiber and Microwave 3G/LTE LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP Core and Aggregation Networks enable Unified MPLS Transport Core and Aggregation Networks are organized as independent IGP/LDP domains Core and Aggregation Networks may be in same or different Autonomous Systemss The network domains are interconnected with hierarchical LSPs based on RFC 3107, BGP IPv4+labels No MPLS in Access Domian Aggregation enable Mobile and Wireline Services over Unified MPLS transport Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20

21 4 Large Network: MPLS Access Hierarchical BGP LSP Across Core, Aggregation and Access Networks Aggregation Aggregation CSG CSG RAN IP/MPLS domain Pre-Aggregation CSG Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Aggregation Core Core Core Core Mobile Transport GW Core Network IP/MPLS Domain Mobile Transport GW Core Core Core Core Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Aggregation Pre-Aggregation RAN IP/MPLS domain CSG CSG CSG ibgp (ebgp across ASes) Hierarchical LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP Core, Aggregation, Access Network enable Unified MPLS Transport Core, Aggregation, Access are organized as independent IGP/LDP domains Core and Aggregation Networks may be in same or different Autonomous Systems Network domains are interconnected with hierarchical LSPs based on RFC 3107, BGP IPv4+labels. Intra domain connectivity is based on LDP LSPs The Access Network s learn only the required labelled BGP FECs 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 21

22 CSG 5 - Large Network, MPLS Access Hierarchical BGP LSP with IGP/LDP Redistribution in Access Network CSG RAN MPLS/IP IGP Area/Process CSG MPC ibgp community RAN IGP CSN Loopbacks into ibgp LDP LSP Aggregation into RAN IGP Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Pre-Aggregation Aggregation Core Core Core Core Core Mobile Transport GW Core Network IP/MPLS Domain Mobile Transport GW i/ebgp Hierarchical LSP Core Core Core Core Core Core Aggregation Aggregation Network IP/MPLS Domain Aggregation LDP LSP LDP LSP LDP LSP MPC ibgp community Pre-Aggregation into RAN IGP RAN MPLS/IP IGP Area/Process RAN IGP CSN Loopbacks into ibgp LDP LSP CSG CSG CSG Core and Aggregation are distinct IGP/LDP domains that enable inter domain hierarchical LSPs Core and Aggregation Networks may be in same of different Autonomous Systems Redistribution of Core/Aggregation LSPs into Access Networks IGP 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22

23 Unified MPLS Architecture Models Summary and Applicability Multiple deployment models to fit different architectures Support for End to End Unified MPLS with Labeled BGP Support for non-unified MPLS Access Domains Deployment Model Network Size Access Type Core/Aggregation LSP 1 Small/Medium Ethernet/TDM Flat LDP 2 Small/Medium MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP 3 Large Ethernet Hierarchical Labeled BGP 4 Large MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP for Core, Aggregation and Access 5 Large MPLS Hierarchical Labeled BGP for Core, Aggregation with redistribution in Access 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23

24 Key Technologies used with Seamless MPLS Design Label Downstream on Demand For scalable labe distribution between DSLAM and AGS2 ISIS LFA (Loop Free Alternate) Scalable and simple to use protection mecanism for all non BGP related network failures (sub 50ms) BGP PIC edge (Prefix Independant Convergence) Scalable and simple to use protection mecanism for BGP endpoint failure protection ( ms) BGP anycast / BGP node mirroring Mirroring label assignment between ABR routers and fall back on local protection with LFA for all failures (sub 50ms) BGP next-hop-self on RR / BGP add-path 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24

25 Lets Break It Down

26 Reference Topology ISIS ISIS ISIS AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ABR A1 LSR A1 LSR A2 ABR A2 AGS2 A2 AGS1 A2 / / DSLAM 1 DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B s / Core s / Aggregation s / Access 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

27 AGS1 1 AGS1A 16 16x10GE AGS2 A1 BRAS DSLAM DSLAM AGS1 1 AGS1 1 AGS1 1 AGS1 1 AGS1B 16 AGS1 16 AGS1 16 AGS x10GE 16x10GE 16x10GE 16x10GE AGS2 B1 AGS2 A1 AGS2 B1 AGS2 A1 ABR A1 area1 ABR B1 LSR A DSLAM AGS1 1 AGS x10GE.. AGS2 B1 Not supported ABR A2 LSR B. AGS1 1 AGS x10GE AGS2 A1 ABR B2 area2 DSLAM AGS1 1 AGS x10GE AGS2 B Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27

28 ISIS Design - Areas static 3. Redistribute Backbone Loopbacks into level1 2. NO redistribution Into level 2 1. Redistribute static into level1 STATIC Label DoD AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ISIS ABR A1 LSR A1 ISIS LSR A2 ABR A2 AGS2 A2 ISIS AGS1 A2 STATIC Label DoD / / DSLAM 1 DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B2 1. Access is static Redistribute static into level1 / label downstream on demand (DoD) 2. Aggregation is ISIS level 1 only with LDP Do NOT redistribute into 3. Backbone is ISIS level 2 only with LDP Redistribute Backbone Loopbacks into 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28

29 ISIS Design - Areas static Redistribute Backbone Loopbacks into level1 NO redistribution Into level 2 Redistribute static into level1 STATIC Label DoD AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ISIS ABR A1 LSR A1 ISIS LSR A2 ABR A2 AGS2 A2 ISIS AGS1 A2 STATIC Label DoD / / DSLAM 1 DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B2 Reachability within area and backbone 100s of nodes Reachability within backbone Up to 1000 nodes Reachability within area 100s of nodes 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29

30 ibgp Design Use BGP for inter-area IP and MPLS reachability static Route Reflection Route Reflection Redistribute static Into ibgp Redistribute Loopback Into ibgp ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ISIS ISIS ISIS STATIC STATIC AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ABR A1 LSR A1 LSR A2 ABR A2 AGS2 A2 AGS1 A2 / / DSLAM 1 DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B2 1. Redistribute all loopbacks from access and aggregation into ibgp. 2. Advertize the Loopbacks to all edge nodes outsite the area 3. UseABR to reflect ibgp routes between area-backbone-area ABR is acting as a inter-area Route Reflector ABR A2 and B2 is setting Next Hop Self 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30

31 Control Plane - ibgp ibgp: NO next hop self / add-path ibgp: next hop self / add-path BGP/ISIS: redistribute static BGP: X -> B1/b1 -> B2/b2 ISIS: A1 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 A2 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 RIB: X -> A1 -> A2 A1 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 A2 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 BGP: X -> A1 / a1 -> A2 / a2 ISIS: A1 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 A2 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 RIB: X -> A1 -> A2 A1 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 A2 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 BGP: X -> R1 / r1 -> R2 / r2 ISIS: X -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 -> ABRB2 R1, R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 -> ABRB2 RIB: X -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 R1, R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 BGP: X -> R1 / - -> R2/r2 ISIS: X -> static -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 RIB: X -> interface R1 -> connected R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ISIS L0=B1 ISIS L0=A1 ISIS AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ABR A1 LSR A1 LSR A2 ABR A2 AGS2 A2 AGS1 A2 L0=R1 L0=X DSLAM 1 / / L0=R2 DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 L0=B2 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 L0=A2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B2 Control Plane Scale: routes in BGP and RIB table on each BGP speaker 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31

32 Forwarding Plane Pseudo wire label BGP label LDP label BGP: X -> B1/b1 -> B2/b2 ISIS: A1 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 A2 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 RIB: X -> A1 -> A2 A1 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 A2 -> AGS2A1 -> AGS2B1 ibgp: NO next hop self / add-path BGP: X -> A1 / a1 -> A2 / a2 ISIS: A1 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 A2 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 RIB: X -> A1 -> A2 A1 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 A2 -> LSRA1 -> LSRB1 ibgp: next hop self / add-path BGP: X -> R1 / r1 -> R2 / r2 ISIS: X -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 -> ABRB2 R1, R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 -> ABRB2 RIB: X -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 R1, R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 BGP/ISIS: redistribute static BGP: X -> R1 / - -> R2/r2 ISIS: X -> static -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 RIB: X -> interface R1 -> connected R2 -> AGS2A2 -> AGS2B2 ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ibgp IPv4+label ISIS L0=B1 ISIS L0=A1 ISIS DSLAM 1 AGS1 A1 AGS2 A1 ABR A1 / LSR A1 LSR A2 ABR A2 / AGS2 A2 AGS1 A2 L0=R1 L0=R2 L0=X DSLAM 2 AGS1 B1 AGS2 B1 ABR B1 L0=B2 LSR B1 LSR B2 ABR B2 L0=A2 AGS2 B2 AGS1 B2 push push push swap swap swap swap pop Pop/push swap pop Forwarding 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32

33 Lab Overview

34 Lab Topology RR CE PE D ASBR P P3 192, ASBR D PE CE CE2 PE D ASBR P P ASBR PE PE CE4 SP Core Network IP Addressing Loopback x.x/32 Interface - 10.x.y.x/24 Customer Prefixes Loopback x.x/32 RR Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34

35 Lab Topology RR Gi0/1 Gi0/2 CE PE D ASBR P Gi0/0/0/0 Gi2 P3 192, ASBR D PE CE Gi2 Gi4 Gi0/3 Gi0/0/0/2 Gi0/0/0/3 Gi5 Gi3 Gi0/3 Gi4 Gi2 Gi0/1 Gi0/1 Gi0/0/0/0 Gi0/0/0/1 Gi0/0/0/4 Gi6 Gi0/0/0/2 Gi0/0/0/0 Gi0/1 Gi0/1 Gi2 Gi3 Gi0/1 Gi0/2 Gi0/0/0/1 Gi0/0/0/0 Gi0/0/0/2 Gi4 Gi6 Gi5 Gi0/0/0/3 Gi0/0/0/1 Gi0/0/0/1 Gi0/3 Gi0/2 Gi0/1 Gi3 Gi2 Gi0/1 Gi4 Gi0/3 Gi0/0/0/2 Gi3 Gi0/0/0/2 Gi0/0/0/0 Gi4 Gi0/1 CE2 PE D ASBR P Gi2 Gi0/0/0/0 P ASBR PE PE CE4 SP Core Network IP Addressing Loopback x.x/32 Interface - 10.x.y.x/24 Customer Prefixes Loopback x.x/32 Gi0/1 Gi0/2 RR Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35

36 Central RR RR Inline RR Inline RR CE PE D ASBR P P3 192, ASBR D PE CE CE2 PE D IS-IS Level-1 ASBR Inline RR P P ASBR Inline RR PE IS-IS Level-1 PE CE4 BGP AS 6500 IS-IS Level-2 RR Central RR 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36

37 Central RR ibgp + Label (BGP LU) ibgp + Label (BGP LU) Route Reflection RR ibgp + Label (BGP LU) Route Reflection ibgp + Label (BGP LU) Inline RR Inline RR CE PE D ASBR P P3 192, ASBR D PE CE CE2 PE D IS-IS Level-1 ASBR Inline RR P P ASBR Inline RR PE IS-IS Level-1 PE CE4 ibgp + Label (BGP LU) ibgp + Label (BGP LU) Route Reflection RR ibgp + Label (BGP LU) Route Reflection ibgp + Label (BGP LU) BGP AS 6500 IS-IS Level-2 Central RR 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37

38 Central RR RR PW label / VPN Label BGP label LDP label Inline RR Inline RR CE PE D ASBR P P3 192, ASBR D PE CE CE2 PE D IS-IS Level-1 ASBR Inline RR P P ASBR Inline RR PE IS-IS Level-1 PE CE4 RR BGP AS 6500 IS-IS Level-2 Central RR push push push swap swap swap pop Pop/push swap pop Forwarding 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38

39 Lets LAB IT! 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39

40 Troubleshooting 1. Verifying the Configuration - Global Configuration - Interface level Configuration - Routing Protocol Configuration 2. Monitoring the state of the tunnel - Information Distribution - Path Calculation - Path Setup - Forwarding traffic down a tunnel 3. Finding the Root cause of the Problem 4. Common Problem Scenarios (Test cases) - Is the Path Valid - Forwarding down or taking the tunnel 5. Summary 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40

41 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot# 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

42 Please complete your Online Session Evaluations after each session Complete 4 Session Evaluations & the Overall Conference Evaluation (available from Thursday) to receive your Cisco Live T-shirt All surveys can be completed via the Cisco Live Mobile App or the Communication Stations Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Don t forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available for viewing on-demand after the event at Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

43 Continue Your Education Demos in the Cisco campus Walk-in Self-Paced Labs Tech Circle Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings Related sessions 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 43

44 Thank you

45

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