HP 6125XLG Blade Switch

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1 HP 6125XLG Blade Switch TRILL Configuration Guide Part number: a Software version: Release 240x Document version: 6W

2 Legal and notice information Copyright 2015 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. No part of this documentation may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. The only warranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.

3 Contents Configuring TRILL 1 Overview 1 Basic concepts 1 TRILL frame formats 1 How TRILL works 3 TRILL forwarding mechanisms 3 Protocols and standards 5 Configuration restrictions and guidelines 5 TRILL configuration task list 6 Enabling TRILL 6 Configuration restrictions and guidelines 6 Configuration procedure 7 Configuring the system ID and nickname for an RB 8 Configuring the link type of a TRILL port 8 Configuring the DRB priority of a TRILL port 9 Setting the link cost for a TRILL port 9 Configuring the announcing VLANs and designated VLAN 10 Configuring TRILL timers 10 Adjusting LSP parameters 11 Adjusting the SPF algorithm parameters 13 Configuring the TRILL unicast equal-cost routes 13 Configuring TRILL distribution trees 13 Enabling logging of TRILL neighbor changes 14 Configuring SNMP for TRILL 15 Configuring TRILL GR 15 Displaying and maintaining TRILL 16 TRILL configuration example 17 Network requirements 17 Configuration procedure 17 Verifying the configuration 19 Support and other resources 21 Contacting HP 21 Subscription service 21 Related information 21 Documents 21 Websites 21 Conventions 22 Index 24 i

4 Configuring TRILL Transparent Interconnect of Lots of Links (TRILL) uses IS-IS to provide transparent Layer 2 forwarding. Overview TRILL combines the simplicity and flexibility of Layer 2 switching with the stability, scalability, and rapid convergence capability of Layer 3 routing. All these advantages make TRILL very suitable for large flat Layer 2 networks in data centers. Basic concepts RBridge Routing bridge (RB) that runs TRILL. RBs are classified into ingress RBs, transit RBs, and egress RBs, depending on their positions in the TRILL network. A frame enters the TRILL network through an ingress RB, travels along transit RBs, and leaves the TRILL network through an egress RB, as shown in Figure 2. TRILL network A Layer 2 network comprised of RBs, as shown in Figure 3. System ID Unique identifier of an RB in the TRILL network. The system ID is 6-byte. Nickname Address of an RB in the TRILL network. The nickname is 2-byte. Link State Database The LSDB contains all link state information in the TRILL network. Link State Protocol Data Unit An LSP describes local link state information and is advertised between neighbor devices. Designated Routing Bridge (DRB) Similar to the designated IS (DIS) in IS-IS, a DRB exists in the broadcast network. It helps simplify network topology, and appoints AVFs and appointed ports for the VLANs on each RB in the broadcast network. Appointed VLAN-x Forwarder (AVF) and appointed port To avoid loops, TRILL requires all the traffic of a VLAN on a broadcast network to enter and leave the TRILL network through the same port of an RB. The RB is the AVF of the VLAN, and the port is the appointed port. For more information about LSDB, LSPDU, and DIS, see Layer 3 IP Routing Configuration Guide. TRILL frame formats TRILL frames include control frames and data frames. TRILL control frames include TRILL Hello, LSP, CSNP, PSNP, MTU-probe, and MTU-ack. These control frames use 802.1Q encapsulation, and have a fixed destination multicast address 0180-C TRILL data frames have a specific format, as shown in Figure 1. A TRILL header and an outer Ethernet header are added to the original Ethernet frame. 1

5 Figure 1 TRILL data frame format Table 1 describes the fields in the TRILL header. Table 1 TRILL header fields Field Ethertype V R M Op-Length Hop Count Egress RB Nickname Ingress RB Nickname Options Description The Ethertype is fixed to TRILL. Version number, which is 0. When an RB receives a TRILL frame, it checks the V field and drops the frame if the V field is not 0. Reserved for future extension. An ingress RB sets the R field to 0 when adding a TRILL header. Transit RBs and egress RBs ignore the field. Multi-destination attribute: 0 Known unicast frame. 1 Multicast, broadcast, or unknown unicast frame. Length of the Options field. 0 indicates that the Options field does not exist. Hop count, which is used to avoid loops. An RB drops a TRILL frame whose hop count is decremented to 0. Nickname of the egress RB. Nickname of the ingress RB. Options field. This field exists when the Op-Length field is non-zero. 2

6 How TRILL works TRILL establishes and maintains adjacencies between RBs by periodically advertising Hello frames, distributes LSPs among RB neighbors, and generates an LSDB for all RBs in the network. Based on the LSDB, each RB uses the SPF algorithm to calculate forwarding entries destined to other RBs. TRILL forwarding mechanisms Different types of frames are forwarded using different forwarding mechanisms. The following sections describe these mechanisms. Unicast frame forwarding mechanism As shown in Figure 2, a unicast frame is forwarded as follows: 1. When a unicast frame enters the TRILL network, the ingress RB encapsulates the original Ethernet frame with a TRILL header (like an IP header) and an outer Ethernet header (like the Ethernet header of a regular Ethernet frame). 2. RBs forward the frame hop by hop according to the egress RB nickname in the TRILL header to the egress RB in the same way routers forward IP packets. Each hop replaces the outer Ethernet header with an appropriate outer Ethernet header, and decrements the hop count in the TRILL header. 3. Upon receiving the TRILL frame, the egress RB de-encapsulates it to obtain the original Ethernet frame, and sends the frame to the target device. Figure 2 Unicast frame forwarding flow S1 Ingress RB RB 1 Transit RB RB 2 Egress RB RB 3 VLAN 10 VLAN 200 VLAN 300 VLAN 10 S2 Outer D-MAC = RB 2 Outer D-MAC = RB 3 Outer S-MAC = RB 1 Outer S-MAC = RB 2 Outer VLAN = 200 Outer VLAN = 300 Egress RB = RB 3 Egress RB = RB 3 Ingress RB = RB 1 Ingress RB = RB 1 Inner D-MAC = S2 Inner D-MAC = S2 Inner D-MAC = S2 Inner D-MAC = S2 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Payload Payload Payload Payload Ethernet frame TRILL frame TRILL frame Ethernet frame Unicast frame The outer Ethernet header enables traditional Ethernet switches to forward TRILL frames and connect RBs. Multi-destination frame forwarding mechanism In a TRILL network, RBs do the following: 3

7 Compute a TRILL distribution tree for each VLAN according to the LSDB. Use the TRILL distribution tree to guide the forwarding of multi-destination frames, which include multicast, broadcast, and unknown unicast frames in the VLAN. As shown in Figure 3, when a multicast frame from VLAN 10 enters the TRILL network, RB 1, which is an ingress RB, encapsulates the multicast frame into a TRILL frame. In the frame, the egress RB is RB 2, the root bridge of the TRILL distribution tree for VLAN 10. When the frame arrives at the root bridge, it is distributed throughout the TRILL distribution tree. Then, the TRILL frame is decapsulated by RB 3 and sent to the destination station S2. Because the network segment where RB 4 resides does not have a receiver of this frame, RB 4 drops the frame. Figure 3 Multicast frame forwarding flow VLAN 200 TRILL network RB 4 S1 RB 1 RB 3 S2 VLAN 10 VLAN 10 RB 2 Outer D-MAC = All RBs Outer D-MAC = All RBs Outer S-MAC = RB 1 Outer S-MAC = RB 2 Outer VLAN = 200 Outer VLAN = 200 Egress RB = RB 2 Egress RB = RB 2 Ingress RB = RB 1 Ingress RB = RB 1 Inner D-MAC = Multi Inner D-MAC = Multi Inner D-MAC = Multi Inner D-MAC = Multi Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner S-MAC = S1 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Inner VLAN = 10 Payload Payload Payload Payload Ethernet frame TRILL frame TRILL frame Ethernet frame Multicast frame Distribution tree of VLAN 10 Root bridge of distribution tree Leaf of distribution tree TRILL selects distribution trees for forwarding multicast, broadcast, and unknown unicast frames based on the VLANs to which the frames belong. Because the topologies of TRILL distribution trees are different, traffic can be load shared. However, equal-cost links are not used for load sharing. When N equal-cost links exist in the network, each TRILL distribution tree selects the link with the largest pseudonode ID for forwarding packets. As shown in Figure 4, two equal-cost links exist between RB 1 and RB 3. Assume the link directly connecting RB 1 to RB 3 has the largest pseudonode ID. Both the TRILL distribution tree rooted at RB 3 and the TRILL distribution tree rooted at RB 4 select the link. For more information about pseudonode IDs, see Layer 3 IP Routing Configuration Guide. 4

8 Figure 4 Multicast ECMP RB 3 Cost = 3 RB 1 RB 2 RB 4 Cost = 1 TRILL distribution trees support Equal Cost Multiple Path (ECMP), also known as multicast ECMP. When multicast ECMP is enabled, TRILL assigns equal-cost links to different TRILL distributions trees. This improves the load sharing performance. When N equal-cost links exist in the network, each TRILL distribution tree selects an equal-cost link for forwarding packets through J mod N in root bridge priority order. J is the priority sequence number of a TRILL distribution tree and starts from 0. As shown in Figure 4: The link directly connecting RB 1 to RB 3 is assigned to the TRILL distribution tree rooted at RB 3. The link RB 1-RB 2-RB 3 is assigned to the TRILL distribution tree rooted at RB 4. TRILL distribution trees support fast switching the roots. When an RB finds that the root of a distribution tree is unreachable based on the unicast route calculation, the RB actively ages out the LSPs of the root in the LSDB, and triggers the TRILL network to recalculate the multicast route information. This feature makes sure multicast, broadcast, and unknown unicast traffic can be fast switched to the newly calculated distribution tree. Protocols and standards RFC 6325, Routing Bridges (RBridges): Base Protocol Specification RFC 6326, Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) Use of IS-IS RFC 6327, Routing Bridges (RBridges): Adjacency RFC 1195, Use of OSI IS-IS for Routing in TCP/IP and Dual Environments Configuration restrictions and guidelines When you configure TRILL, follow these restrictions and guidelines: Configuration in Layer 2 Ethernet interface view takes effect on only the current port. Configuration in Layer 2 aggregate interface view takes effect on the current interface and its member ports. Configuration on the member port of an aggregate interface takes effect after the member port leaves the aggregation group. To connect a common Layer 2 network to a TRILL network, enable the spanning tree protocol on the common Layer 2 network and disable the spanning tree protocol on the TRILL network. For more information about spanning tree protocols, see Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide. 5

9 HP recommends not enabling loop detection on TRILL ports, because TRILL networks prevent loops from being generated. For more information about loopback detection, see Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide. Do not configure the TPID for VLAN tags on RBs. For more information about TPIDs, see Layer 2 LAN Switching Configuration Guide. Do not connect multiple TRILL ports on an RB to the same link. Otherwise, these TRILL ports might be elected as the AVFs of a VLAN at the same time because these TRILL ports cannot sense each other. This will cause loops in the VLAN. TRILL configuration task list Tasks at a glance (Required.) Enabling TRILL (Required.) Configuring the system ID and nickname for an RB (Optional.) Configuring the link type of a TRILL port (Optional.) Configuring the DRB priority of a TRILL port (Optional.) Setting the link cost for a TRILL port (Optional.) Configuring the announcing VLANs and designated VLAN (Optional.) Configuring TRILL timers (Optional.) Adjusting LSP parameters (Optional.) Adjusting the SPF algorithm parameters (Optional.) Configuring the TRILL unicast equal-cost routes (Optional.) Configuring TRILL distribution trees (Optional.) Enabling logging of TRILL neighbor changes (Optional.) Configuring SNMP for TRILL (Optional.) Configuring TRILL GR Enabling TRILL After you enable TRILL on a port, TRILL can operate correctly by using default settings. A port with TRILL enabled is called a "TRILL port." Configuration restrictions and guidelines When you enable TRILL, follow these guidelines: To enable TRILL on a port, first enable TRILL globally. Enable or disable TRILL on all ports in a VLAN, so that the ports in a VLAN have the same TRILL status (enabled or disabled). Do not enable both TRILL and EVB on a port. The allowed VLAN list of a TRILL-enabled port cannot overlap with that of an EVB-enabled port. For more information about EVB, see EVB Configuration Guide. 6

10 When you set up a TRILL network, avoid the case that multiple TRILL neighbors are established for one RB port. When you plan a network, avoid the networks shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6. Figure 5 shows a typical network where two TRILL neighbors are established for the same port of an RB. In Figure 6, because TRILL is not enabled on the port connecting RB 2 to RB 3, the port will transparently transmit the TRILL Hello frames from RB 3. As a result, two TRILL neighbors are established for the port connecting RB 1 to RB 2. Figure 5 Two TRILL neighbors are established for a port (1) RB 1 Traditional Ethernet switch RB 2 RB 3 TRILL enabled port Figure 6 Two TRILL neighbors are established for a port (2) Configuration procedure To enable TRILL: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enable TRILL globally and enter TRILL view. trill By default, TRILL is disabled globally. 3. Return to system view. quit N/A 4. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet or aggregate interface view. 5. Enable TRILL on the port. interface interface-type interface-number trill enable N/A By default, TRILL is disabled on a port. 7

11 Configuring the system ID and nickname for an RB The system ID and nickname of an RB are identifiers of the RB in the TRILL network. System ID Unique identifier of an RB in the TRILL network. The system ID can be automatically assigned or manually configured. Nickname Address of an RB in the TRILL network. The address can be automatically assigned or manually configured. When multiple RBs in the TRILL network have the same nickname, the RB with the highest priority uses the nickname. When RBs have the same priority, the RB with the highest system ID uses the nickname. The system automatically assigns new nicknames to the other RBs. If you set a new different system ID for an RB, the system resets the TRILL process. To configure the system ID and nickname for an RB: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Configure the system ID for the RB. 4. Configure the nickname for the RB. system-id system-id nickname nickname [ priority priority ] By default, an RB automatically generates a system ID according to its MAC address upon startup. By default, the system automatically assigns nicknames to RBs, and the priority for a RB to hold a nickname is 64. Configuring the link type of a TRILL port The following link types are available for a TRILL port: Access Access ports include access ports without the alone attribute and access ports with the alone attribute. Access ports with the alone attribute do not send or receive Hello frames and do not participate in the DRB election or AVF negotiation. Access ports without the alone attribute can process only local data frames and Hello frames. Hybrid A hybrid port combines the attributes of an access port and a trunk port, and can process local data frames and passing data frames. Trunk A trunk port can process passing data frames and some of Layer 2 protocol frames (for example, LLDP frames), but it cannot process local data frames. To configure the link type of a TRILL port: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet or aggregate interface view. 3. Configure the link type of a TRILL port. interface interface-type interface-number trill link-type { access [ alone ] hybrid trunk } N/A By default, the link type of a TRILL port is access without the alone attribute. 8

12 Configuring the DRB priority of a TRILL port On a broadcast network, TRILL must elect a DRB. An RB with a higher DRB priority is preferred. When two RBs have the same DRB priority, the RB with a higher MAC address takes precedence. To configure the DRB priority of a TRILL port: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet or aggregate interface view. 3. Configure the DRB priority of a TRILL port. interface interface-type interface-number trill drb-priority priority N/A By default, the DRB priority of a TRILL port is 64. Setting the link cost for a TRILL port The link cost of a TRILL port can be automatically calculated by the system or manually set: A manually set link cost takes precedence over a calculated link cost. If no link cost is set and automatic link cost calculation is enabled, the calculated link cost takes effect. If no link cost is set and automatic link cost calculation is disabled, the default link cost 2000 is used. The system automatically calculates the link cost of a TRILL port by using the following formula: link cost = /interface baud rate. To set the link cost for a TRILL port: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Enable automatic link cost calculation for TRILL ports. auto-cost enable By default, automatic link cost calculation is enabled for TRILL ports. 4. Return to system view. quit N/A 5. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view or Layer 2 aggregate interface view. 6. Configure the link cost for a TRILL port. interface interface-type interface-number N/A trill cost value The default setting is

13 Configuring the announcing VLANs and designated VLAN The concepts and symbols used to describe a VLAN on a port are as follows: Enabled VLAN A VLAN enabled on the port. Forwarding VLAN A VLAN for which the port is the appointed port. and Set operation symbols. indicates set-theoretic intersection, and indicates set-theoretic union. RBs send Hello frames in a set of VLANs. The VLAN set is calculated as follows: DRB Enabled VLANs (announcing VLANs designated VLAN). Non-DRB Enabled VLANs (designated VLAN (announcing VLANs forwarding VLANs)). The designated VLAN forwards TRILL frames (except Hello frames) between RBs. If no designated VLAN is configured for the DRB of a link, the frames are exchanged through the lowest-numbered enabled VLAN. If a designated VLAN is configured for the DRB of a link, the frames are exchanged through the designated VLAN. To configure the announcing VLANs and designated VLAN: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet interface view or Layer 2 aggregate interface view. 3. Configure announcing VLANs. 4. Configure the designated VLAN. interface interface-type interface-number trill announcing-vlan { vlan-list null } trill designated-vlan vlan-id N/A By default, no announcing VLAN is configured, and the announcing VLANs are the enabled VLANs. By default, no designated VLAN is configured. Configuring TRILL timers You can configure the following TRILL timers: Hello interval and Hello multiplier An RB advertises Hello frames at the Hello interval to maintain a TRILL adjacency. The shorter the Hello interval, the faster the network convergence. However, a shorter Hello interval consumes more system resources. The adjacency holding time is obtained by multiplying the Hello interval by the Hello multiplier. The RB advertises the adjacency holding time to neighbors through Hello frames. If a neighbor does not receive any Hello frame from the RB before the adjacency holding time expires, it removes the TRILL adjacency with the RB. Inhibition time An RB that acts as the AVF of a VLAN guarantees that frames from the VLAN have only one incoming port or one outgoing port along a link. When other RBs receive frames from the VLAN, they do not perform any processing. However, when the RB detects that a root bridge change occurs on a link or that the AVF advertised by other RBs conflicts with the local AVF, the RB 10

14 inhibits the local AVF for a certain time to avoid loops. When the inhibition time expires, if the RB is still the AVF of the VLAN, the RB restores the role of AVF. CSNP interval On a broadcast network, the DRB advertises CSNPs at the CSNP interval to perform network-wide LSDB synchronization. A CSNP records all LSP digests of the local LSDB. When an RB receives a CSNP, the RB compares the CSNP against the local LSDB to verify whether some LSPs are aged out or missing. If the CSNP has an LSP digest that the local LSDB does not have, the RB sends a PSNP packet to request the LSP. To configure TRILL timers: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet or aggregate interface view. 3. Configure the Hello interval. 4. Configure the Hello multiplier. 5. Configure the inhibition time. 6. Configure the CSNP interval. interface interface-type interface-number trill timer hello interval trill timer holding-multiplier count trill timer avf-inhibited time trill timer csnp interval N/A The default setting is 10 seconds. This command sets the Hello interval for the RB. The Hello interval of the DRB is 1/3 of the Hello interval of the RB, so that the DRB failures can be quickly detected. The default setting is 3. The default setting is 30 seconds. The default setting is 10 seconds. Adjusting LSP parameters You can modify the following LSP parameters: LSP maximum age An LSP originated by an RB uses the maximum age as the remaining lifetime. When the remaining lifetime of an LSP in the LSDB is 0 seconds, the RB removes the LSP's content, keeps the LSP's digest, and purges the LSP from the network by advertising the LSP that has the remaining lifetime set to 0. LSP refresh interval When the remaining lifetime of a locally originated LSP is no greater than (maximum age refresh interval), the LSP is refreshed even if no change occurs to it. This mechanism avoids frequent LSP aging and ensures network stability. Maximum length of an LSP originated by an RB The actual maximum LSP length is determined by the smallest of following values: The configured value. The interface MTU. The maximum length of an LSP originated by an RB (which is carried in LSPs). Maximum length of an LSP that can be received by an RB When the RB receives an LSP exceeding the length, the RB drops the LSP. Overload bit of LSPs When the Overload bit in the LSPs sent by an RB is set, the RB fails and cannot correctly perform route selection and packet forwarding. When the RB cannot record the 11

15 complete LSDB because of insufficient memory, routing calculation errors occur. To make troubleshooting easier, temporarily exclude the RB from the TRILL network by setting the Overload bit for the LSPs sent by the failed RB. Minimum LSP interval and maximum number of LSPs transmitted per time To avoid frequent LSP aging in the network, RBs periodically advertise LSPs. The actual refresh interval of an LSP is determined by both the minimum LSP interval and the maximum number of LSPs transmitted per time. To prevent LSPs from being aged out accidentally, set the LSP maximum age and the LSP refresh interval appropriately. To adjust LSP-related parameters: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Set the LSP maximum age. 4. Set the LSP refresh interval. 5. Configure the maximum length of an LSP originated by an RB. 6. Configure the maximum length of an LSP that can be received by an RB. 7. Set the Overload bit of LSPs and set the lifetime for the set Overload bit. timer lsp-max-age time timer lsp-refresh time lsp-length originate size lsp-length receive size set-overload [ timeout ] The default setting is 1200 seconds. The default setting is 900 seconds. The default setting is 1458 bytes. The maximum length of an LSP originated by an RB cannot be greater than the maximum length of an LSP that can be received by an RB. Otherwise, the system displays error messages. The default setting is 1492 bytes. The maximum length of an LSP that can be received by an RB cannot be smaller than the maximum length of an LSP originated by an RB. Otherwise, the system displays error messages. By default, the Overload bit is not set. Do not set the Overload bit for LSPs sent by the root bridge of a TRILL distribution tree. Otherwise, the traffic to be forwarded through the RB cannot be forwarded. 8. Return to system view. quit N/A 9. Enter Layer 2 Ethernet or aggregate interface view. 10. Configure the minimum LSP interval and the maximum number of LSPs transmitted per time. interface interface-type interface-number trill timer lsp interval [ count count ] N/A By default, the minimum LSP interval is 10 milliseconds, and the maximum number of LSPs transmitted per time is 5. 12

16 Adjusting the SPF algorithm parameters Based on the LSDB, an RB uses the SPF algorithm to calculate a shortest path tree with itself as the root. The RB uses the shortest path tree to determine the next hop to a destination network. By adjusting the SFP calculation intervals, you can prevent resource overconsumption when the network changes frequently. When the network is stable, the SPF calculation interval for continuous calculations is reduced to minimum-interval. When the network changes frequently, the SPF calculation interval is added by incremental-interval 2 n-2 (where n is the times of continuous SPF calculations triggered) each time, but the SPF calculation interval cannot exceed maximum-interval. To adjust SPF algorithm parameters: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Set the SPF calculation interval for TRILL. timer spf maximum-interval [ minimum-interval [ incremental-interval ] ] By default, the maximum SFP calculation interval is 10 seconds, the minimum SPF calculation interval is 10 milliseconds, and the SFP calculation incremental interval is 20 milliseconds. Configuring the TRILL unicast equal-cost routes Configuring multiple equal-cost routes to the same destination implements load balancing among these links and improves the link efficiency. You can configure the maximum number of TRILL unicast equal-cost routes. The maximum number of TRILL unicast equal-cost routes is restricted by the maximum number of equal-cost routes. The maximum number of equal-cost routes can be configured by using the max-ecmp-num command. It is in the range of 1 to 32. After you configure the maximum number of equal-cost routes as n, the value range for the number argument of the max-unicast-load-balancing command is 1 to n. For more information about the max-ecmp-num command, see Layer 3 IP Routing Command Reference. To configure the maximum number of TRILL unicast equal-cost routes: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Configure the maximum number of TRILL unicast equal-cost routes. max-unicast-load-balancing number The default setting is 8. Configuring TRILL distribution trees In a TRILL network, RBs do the following: 13

17 Compute TRILL distribution trees according to the LSDB. Use the TRILL distribution trees to guide the forwarding of multicast, broadcast, and unknown unicast frames. An RB with a higher priority is selected as the root bridge of a TRILL distribution tree. An LSP carries TRILL distribution tree information that includes the following: The number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute. The maximum number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB can compute (this number is fixed at 15). The number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB has computed. An RB determines the number of TRILL distribution trees to compute (n) by selecting the lower value from the following two values: The number of TRILL distribution trees that the highest-priority RB wants all RBs to compute. The smallest value of the maximum number of TRILL distribution trees that each RB can compute. From the nickname list in the LSP advertised by the RB with the highest priority, the first n nicknames comprise the root bridge list that the local RB uses to compute TRILL distribution trees. When multicast ECMP is disabled, traffic can be load shared because the topologies of TRILL distribution trees are different. However, equal-cost links are not used for load sharing. When multicast ECMP is enabled, TRILL can assign equal-cost links to different TRILL distribution trees. This improves the load sharing performance. To configure the TRILL distribution trees: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Set a priority for the RB. tree-root priority priority The default setting is Configure the number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute. trees calculate count The default setting is Enable multicast ECMP. multicast-ecmp enable By default, multicast ECMP is disabled. Make sure the multicast ECMP status is the same on all RBs in the TRILL network. Otherwise, multicast, broadcast, and unknown unicast frames might fail to be forwarded. Enabling logging of TRILL neighbor changes Perform this task to output logs of TRILL neighbor changes to the configuration terminal. To enable logging of TRILL neighbor changes: 14

18 Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Enable logging of TRILL neighbor changes. log-peer-change enable By default, logging of TRILL neighbor changes is enabled. Configuring SNMP for TRILL After you enable SNMP notification sending for TRILL, TRILL will generate notifications to notify NMS of important events on the local module and send the notifications to the SNMP module. You can set the notification sending parameters in SNMP. For more information about notifications, see Network Management and Monitoring Configuration Guide. TRILL uses the IS-IS MIB to provide the TRILL object management function for NMS. Because the MIB objects defined in the IS-IS MIB are single-instance management objects, NMS cannot manage IS-IS and TRILL at the same time. According to the management for multiple OSPF instances defined in RFC 4750, you can set a context name for the SNMP object for managing TRILL. In this way, the SNMP requests for managing IS-IS and the SNMP requests for managing TRILL from NMS can be distinguished. Because the context name is a concept specific to SNMPv3, the community names are mapped to context names for distinguishing different protocols in SNMPv1/v2c. To configure SNMP for TRILL: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enable SNMP notification sending for TRILL. snmp-agent trap enable trill [ adjacency-state-change area-mismatch buffsize-mismatch id-length-mismatch lsdboverload-state-change lsp-parse-error lsp-size-exceeded max-seq-exceeded maxarea-mismatch new-drb own-lsp-purge protocol-support rejected-adjacency skip-sequence-number topology-change version-skew ] * By default, SNMP notification sending is enabled for TRILL. 3. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 4. Configure the context name for the SNMP object for managing TRILL. snmp context-name context-name By default, no context name is set for the SNMP object for managing TRILL. Configuring TRILL GR Graceful Restart (GR) ensures the continuity of packet forwarding when a protocol restarts or an active/standby switchover occurs. The device on which a protocol restarts or an active/standby switchover occurs advertises the restart status to the neighbors, and allows the neighbors to re-establish connections. GR involves the following roles: GR restarter Graceful restarting router. It must be GR capable. 15

19 GR helper A neighbor of the GR restarter. It helps the GR restarter to complete the GR process. To configure TRILL GR: Step Command Remarks 1. Enter system view. system-view N/A 2. Enter TRILL view. trill N/A 3. Enable GR for TRILL. graceful-restart By default, GR is disabled for TRILL. 4. (Optional.) Configure the GR interval for TRILL. graceful-restart interval interval The default setting is 300 seconds. Displaying and maintaining TRILL Execute the display commands in any view and the reset command in user view. Task Display TRILL ardency table information. Display brief TRILL information. Command display trill adjacent-table [ count nickname nickname interface interface-type interface-number ] display trill brief Display TRILL FIB information. display trill fib [ count nickname nickname ] Display TRILL GR status. display trill graceful-restart status Display TRILL port information. display trill interface [ interface-type interface-number ] Display TRILL LSDB information. display trill lsdb [ local lsp-id lsp-id verbose ] * Display all ingress entries in the TRILL multicast FIB (MFIB). Display all egress entries in the TRILL MFIB. Display information about the TRILL multicast routing table. Display the TRILL neighbor table. display trill mfib ingress [ vlan vlan-id [ local-entry remote-entry ] ] display trill mfib transit [ nickname nickname [ prune-entry rpf-entry vlan vlan-id [ mac-address mac-address ] ] ] display trill multicast-route [ tree-root nickname [ vlan vlan-list [ mac mac-address ] ] ] display trill neighbor-table Display the TRILL neighbor statistics. display trill peer [ interface interface-type interface-number ] Display the TRILL RPF check table information. Display information about the TRILL unicast routing table. Clear dynamic running statistics of the TRILL process. display trill rpf-table tree-root nickname display trill unicast-route [ nickname nickname ] [ verbose ] reset trill 16

20 TRILL configuration example Network requirements As shown in Figure 7, configure TRILL in the Layer 2 data center network as follows: Enable TRILL on the downlink ports of access layer devices to connect terminal devices to the TRILL network. Enable TRILL on the uplink ports of access layer devices, and configure these uplink ports as trunk ports to pass TRILL frames to the TRILL network. Enable TRILL on the downlink ports of distribution layer devices, and configure these downlink ports as trunk ports to forward TRILL data frames. Enable TRILL on the uplink ports of the distribution layer devices. These ports send the decapsulated TRILL data frames to the core layer. In the TRILL network, configure four TRILL distribution trees with RB 6 through RB 9 as the root bridges. RB 6 through RB 9 are in descending priority order. A hierarchical network has three layers (from up to down): the core layer, distribution layer, and access layer. Usually, a port connecting to a higher layer device is called an uplink port, and a port connecting to a lower layer device is called a downlink port. Figure 7 Network diagram Core layer Distribution layer RB 6 RB 7 RB 8 TRILL network RB 9 Access layer RB 1 RB 2 RB 3 RB 4 RB 5 Configuration procedure This section provides only TRILL-related configurations. This section assumes that the access layer devices are the HP 6125XLG blade switches and the distribution layer devices are the HP switches. 1. Configure the downlink ports of access layer devices: # Enable TRILL globally on RB 1, and enable TRILL on downlink port Ten-GigabitEthernet 1/0/1 of RB 1. 17

21 <RB1> system-view [RB1] trill [RB1-trill] quit [RB1] interface ten-gigabitethernet 1/0/1 [RB1-Ten-GigabitEthernet 1/0/1] trill enable [RB1-Ten-GigabitEthernet 1/0/1] quit # Configure RB 2 through RB 5 in the same way RB 1 is configured. 2. Configure the uplink port of access layer devices: # Enable TRILL on uplink port FortyGigE 1/1/1 through FortyGigE 1/1/4 of RB 1, and configure these ports as trunk ports. [RB1] interface fortygige 1/1/1 [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/1] trill enable [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/1] trill link-type trunk [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/1] quit [RB1] interface fortygige 1/1/2 [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/2] trill enable [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/2] trill link-type trunk [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/2] quit [RB1] interface fortygige 1/1/3 [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/3] trill enable [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/3] trill link-type trunk [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/3] quit [RB1] interface fortygige 1/1/4 [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/4] trill enable [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/4] trill link-type trunk [RB1-FortyGigE1/1/4] quit # Configure RB 2 through RB 5 in the same way RB 1 is configured. 3. Configure the downlink ports of distribution layer devices: # Enable TRILL globally on RB 6, enable TRILL on downlink port FortyGigE 1/0/1 through FortyGigE 1/0/5 of RB 6, and configure these ports as trunk ports. <RB6> system-view [RB6] trill [RB6-trill] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/1 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/1] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/1] trill link-type trunk [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/1] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/2 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/2] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/2] trill link-type trunk [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/2] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/3 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/3] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/3] trill link-type trunk [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/3] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/4 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/4] trill enable 18

22 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/4] trill link-type trunk [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/4] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/5 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/5] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/5] trill link-type trunk [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/5] quit # Configure RB 7 through RB 9 in the same way RB 6 is configured. 4. Configure the uplink ports of the distribution layer devices: # Enable TRILL on uplink ports FortyGigE 1/0/6 and FortyGigE 1/0/7 of RB 6. [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/6 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/6] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/6] quit [RB6] interface fortygige 1/0/7 [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/7] trill enable [RB6-FortyGigE1/0/7] quit # Configure RB 7 through RB 9 in the same way RB 6 is configured. 5. Configure TRILL distribution trees: # Set the RB 6's priority to 65535, and set the number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute to 4. [RB6] trill [RB6-trill] tree-root priority [RB6-trill] trees calculate 4 [RB6-trill] quit # Set the RB 7's priority to 65534, and set the number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute to 4. [RB7] trill [RB7-trill] tree-root priority [RB7-trill] trees calculate 4 [RB7-trill] quit # Set the RB 8's priority to 65533, and set the number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute to 4. [RB8] trill [RB8-trill] tree-root priority [RB8-trill] trees calculate 4 [RB8-trill] quit # Set the RB 9's priority to 65532, and set the number of TRILL distribution trees that the RB wants all RBs to compute to 4. [RB9] trill [RB9-trill] tree-root priority [RB9-trill] trees calculate 4 [RB9-trill] quit Verifying the configuration Suppose that the nicknames of RB 1 through RB 9 are 0x5801 through 0x5809, respectively. Use display trill unicast-route to display the TRILL unicast routing table. For example: 19

23 # Display brief information about all entries in the TRILL unicast routing table on RB 1. [RB1] display trill unicast-route Destination Interface NextHop x5801 N/A N/A 0x5802 FGE1/1/1 0x5806 FGE1/1/2 0x5807 FGE1/1/3 0x5808 FGE1/1/4 0x5809 0x5803 FGE1/1/1 0x5806 FGE1/1/2 0x5807 FGE1/1/3 0x5808 FGE1/1/4 0x5809 0x5804 FGE1/1/1 0x5806 FGE1/1/2 0x5808 FGE1/1/3 0x5808 FGE1/1/4 0x5809 0x5805 FGE1/1/1 0x5806 FGE1/1/2 0x5807 FGE1/1/3 0x5808 FGE1/1/4 0x5809 0x5806 FGE1/1/1 Direct 0x5807 FGE1/1/2 Direct 0x5808 FGE1/1/3 Direct 0x5809 FGE1/1/4 Direct Use display trill multicast-route to display the TRILL multicast routing table. For example: # Display the TRILL multicast routing table on RB 1. [RB1] display trill multicast-route Root Flag x5806 Valid 0x5807 Valid 0x5808 Valid 0x5809 Valid # Display the TRILL multicast routing table information for the TRILL distribution tree with RB 6 as the root bridge on RB 1. [RB1] display trill multicast-route tree-root 5806 Root: 0x5806 LocalRcvFlag: True List of VLANs: 1 List of outgoing ports: FGE1/1/1 20

24 Support and other resources Contacting HP For worldwide technical support information, see the HP support website: Before contacting HP, collect the following information: Product model names and numbers Technical support registration number (if applicable) Product serial numbers Error messages Operating system type and revision level Detailed questions Subscription service HP recommends that you register your product at the Subscriber's Choice for Business website: After registering, you will receive notification of product enhancements, new driver versions, firmware updates, and other product resources. Related information Documents Websites To find related documents, browse to the Manuals page of the HP Business Support Center website: For related documentation, navigate to the Networking section, and select a networking category. For a complete list of acronyms and their definitions, see HP FlexNetwork Technology Acronyms. HP.com HP Networking HP manuals HP download drivers and software HP software depot HP Education 21

25 Conventions This section describes the conventions used in this documentation set. Command conventions Convention Boldface Italic Description Bold text represents commands and keywords that you enter literally as shown. Italic text represents arguments that you replace with actual values. [ ] Square brackets enclose syntax choices (keywords or arguments) that are optional. { x y... } [ x y... ] { x y... } * [ x y... ] * &<1-n> Braces enclose a set of required syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one. Square brackets enclose a set of optional syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one or none. Asterisk-marked braces enclose a set of required syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select at least one. Asterisk-marked square brackets enclose optional syntax choices separated by vertical bars, from which you select one choice, multiple choices, or none. The argument or keyword and argument combination before the ampersand (&) sign can be entered 1 to n times. # A line that starts with a pound (#) sign is comments. GUI conventions Convention Boldface Description Window names, button names, field names, and menu items are in bold text. For example, the New User window appears; click OK. > Multi-level menus are separated by angle brackets. For example, File > Create > Folder. Symbols Convention WARNING CAUTION IMPORTANT NOTE TIP Description An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in personal injury. An alert that calls attention to important information that if not understood or followed can result in data loss, data corruption, or damage to hardware or software. An alert that calls attention to essential information. An alert that contains additional or supplementary information. An alert that provides helpful information. 22

26 Network topology icons Represents a generic network device, such as a router, switch, or firewall. Represents a routing-capable device, such as a router or Layer 3 switch. Represents a generic switch, such as a Layer 2 or Layer 3 switch, or a router that supports Layer 2 forwarding and other Layer 2 features. Represents an access controller, a unified wired-wlan module, or the switching engine on a unified wired-wlan switch. Represents an access point. Represents a mesh access point. Represents omnidirectional signals. Represents directional signals. Represents a security product, such as a firewall, UTM, multiservice security gateway, or load-balancing device. Represents a security card, such as a firewall, load-balancing, NetStream, SSL VPN, IPS, or ACG card. Port numbering in examples The port numbers in this document are for illustration only and might be unavailable on your device. 23

27 Index A access TRILL access port link, 8 adjusting TRILL LSP parameters, 11 TRILL SPF algorithm parameters, 13 algorithm TRILL SPF algorithm parameter adjustment, 13 appointed VLAN-x forwarder. See AVF AVF (TRILL), 1 C calculating TRILL link cost configuration, 9 changing TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 configuring TRILL, 1, 6, 17 TRILL announcing VLAN, 10 TRILL designated VLAN, 10 TRILL distribution tree, 13 TRILL equal-cost routes (unicast), 13 TRILL GR, 15 TRILL port DRB priority, 9 TRILL port link type, 8 TRILL RB nickname, 8 TRILL RB system ID, 8 TRILL SNMP, 15 TRILL timers, 10 cost TRILL equal-cost route configuration (unicast), 13 TRILL link cost configuration, 9 CSNP TRILL CSNP interval configuration, 10 D designated TRILL designated routing bridge, 1 displaying TRILL, 16 distributing TRILL distribution tree, 13 DRB TRILL port priority, 9 E enabling TRILL, 6 TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 F format TRILL control frame format, 1 TRILL data frame format, 1 forwarding TRILL configuration, 1, 6, 17 TRILL frame formats, 1 TRILL frame forwarding (multi-destination), 3 TRILL frame forwarding (unicast), 3 TRILL GR configuration, 15 TRILL mechanisms, 3 TRILL SNMP configuration, 15 frame TRILL control frame format, 1 TRILL data frame format, 1 TRILL multi-destination forwarding, 3 TRILL unicast forwarding, 3 G Graceful Restart (GR) TRILL configuration, 15 TRILL GR helper, 15 TRILL GR restarter, 15 H hello TRILL hello interval configuration, 10 TRILL hello multiplier configuration, 10 hybrid TRILL hybrid port link, 8 I ID 24

28 TRILL RB system ID, 8 inhibition time (TRILL), 10 IS-IS TRILL configuration, 1, 6, 17 L Layer 2 TRILL configuration, 1, 6, 17 link TRILL configuration, 1, 6, 17 TRILL link cost configuration, 9 TRILL link state database, 1 TRILL link state protocol data unit, 1 TRILL port link type, 8 logging TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 LSDB TRILL LSP parameter adjustment, 11 LSP TRILL LSP parameter adjustment, 11 M maintaining TRILL, 16 N naming TRILL RB nickname, 8 neighbor TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 network TRILL announcing VLAN, 10 TRILL designated VLAN, 10 TRILL distribution tree, 13 TRILL enable, 6 TRILL equal-cost route configuration (unicast), 13 TRILL forwarding mechanisms, 3 TRILL frame formats, 1 TRILL GR configuration, 15 TRILL LSP parameter adjustment, 11 TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 TRILL port DRB priority, 9 TRILL port link type, 8 TRILL RB nickname, 8 TRILL RB system ID, 8 TRILL routing bridge network, 1 TRILL SNMP configuration, 15 TRILL SPF algorithm parameter adjustment, 13 TRILL timer configuration, 10 network management TRILL basic concepts, 1 TRILL configuration, 1, 6, 17 nickname (TRILL), 1 NMS TRILL SNMP configuration, 15 P parameter TRILL LSP max age parameter, 11 TRILL LSP max number transmitted, 11 TRILL LSP min interval, 11 TRILL LSP refresh interval, 11 port TRILL link cost configuration, 9 TRILL port DRB priority, 9 TRILL port link type, 8 priority TRILL distribution tree, 13 TRILL port DRB priority, 9 procedure adjusting TRILL LSP parameters, 11 adjusting TRILL SPF algorithm parameters, 13 configuring TRILL, 6, 17 configuring TRILL announcing VLAN, 10 configuring TRILL designated VLAN, 10 configuring TRILL distribution tree, 13 configuring TRILL equal-cost routes (unicast), 13 configuring TRILL GR, 15 configuring TRILL port DRB priority, 9 configuring TRILL port link type, 8 configuring TRILL RB nickname, 8 configuring TRILL RB system ID, 8 configuring TRILL SNMP, 15 configuring TRILL timers, 10 displaying TRILL, 16 enabling TRILL, 6 enabling TRILL neighbor change logging, 14 maintaining TRILL, 16 setting TRILL port link cost, 9 protocols and standards TRILL, 5 25

29 R RB TRILL nickname, 8 TRILL system ID, 8 restrictions TRILL configuration, 5 route TRILL equal-cost route configuration (unicast), 13 routing bridge TRILL, 1 TRILL distribution tree, 13 S setting TRILL port link cost, 9 SNMP TRILL SNMP configuration, 15 SPF TRILL SPF algorithm parameter adjustment, 13 system TRILL RB nickname, 8 TRILL RB system ID, 8 T timer TRILL configuration, 10 TRILL CSNP interval configuration, 10 TRILL hello interval configuration, 10 TRILL hello multiplier configuration, 10 TRILL inhibition time configuration, 10 Transparent Interconnect of Lots of Links. Use TRILL TRILL basic concepts, 1 configuration, 1, 6, 17 configuration restrictions, 5 displaying, 16 distribution tree configuration, 13 enable, 6 equal-cost route configuration (unicast), 13 forwarding mechanisms, 3 frame formats, 1 frame forwarding (multi-destination), 3 frame forwarding (unicast), 3 GR configuration, 15 how it works, 3 LSP parameter adjustment, 11 maintaining, 16 neighbor change logging, 14 port DRB priority configuration, 9 port link cost configuration, 9 port link type configuration, 8 protocols and standards, 5 RB nickname configuration, 8 RB system ID configuration, 8 SNMP configuration, 15 SPF algorithm parameter adjustment, 13 timer configuration, 10 VLAN configuration, 10 trunk TRILL trunk port link, 8 U unicast TRILL equal-cost route configuration, 13 TRILL multi-destination frame forwarding, 3 TRILL unicast frame forwarding, 3 V VLAN TRILL announcing VLAN, 10 TRILL appointed VLAN-x forwarder, 1 TRILL appointed VLAN-x port, 1 TRILL designated VLAN, 10 26

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