Routing(2) Inter-domain Routing
|
|
- Garey Phillips
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Routing(2) Inter-domain Routing Information Network I Youki Kadobayashi 1
2 Outline Continued from previous lecture on: Distance vector routing Link state routing IGP and EGP Interior gateway protocol, Exterior gateway protocol Path vector routing BGP: Border Gateway Protocol Scaling tricks 2
3 Hierarchical Routing: a natural result of growth Routing domain Defines the boundary between domains Fault isolation, route aggregation Distinction between intra-domain routing protocol and inter-domain routing protocol IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol) IGP IGP IGP EGP 3
4 Hierarchical Routing: in reality it is two-tier routing EGP It s like: train network plus airline network IGP IGP 4
5 IGP and EGP has different goal IGP Focus on propagating the state of each link/router as fast as possible RIP-2, RIPng: distance vector routing OSPF, IS-IS: link state routing EGP Focus on routing stability of the entire Internet BGP4, BGP4+: path vector routing 5
6 Path Vector Routing: a small trick for stable routing Derived from the Bellman-Ford algorithm Exchanged information: Distance Vector Path Vector (prefix, metric) (prefix, path, attributes) Attaches distance as well as path information to the route information Embodies routing without loops This protocol prioritizes route that has the shortest path vector. Representing route from S to D (D, { T 1, T 2 },...) S T 1 T 2 D (D, { T 3, T 4, T 5 },...) T 3 T 5 T 4 6
7 Path Vector Routing: Background Multiple alternative routes T 1 Dense connections between ISPs S Which route should we prioritize? T 2 constrained by cost, contract, load, etc. T 3 Routing policy Encodes the intention of the intermediate ISPs Route selection policies enable each domain to select a particular route among multiple routes Policy can t be expressed by scalar cost. Cost of loops Convergence time from transient state RTT D 7
8 Loop Avoidance in Path Vector Routing A B C D Path vectors from A to C (C, { B }) (C, { D, B }) When B-C link fails, B is deleted from path vector. Rejects path vector that include itself Loop avoidance 8
9 BGP: Border Gateway Protocol RFC 4271, 4760 Algorithm Path vector Transport TCP TCP provides retransmission and acknowledgement Adjacency: manually configured (i.e., no auto discovery) Routing information: (prefix, path, attributes) Topology: full mesh (internal), arbitrary (external) 9
10 Adjacency Relationship of BGP Adjacency relationship is defined by ISP operator Adjacency relationship must be explicitly configured Why? c.f. OSPF : if parameters match, adjacency relationship is enabled... R1 R2... R3 R4 10
11 State Transition of BGP: Establishment of Adjacency Relationship OPEN Idle Connect OpenSent OPEN Active OpenConfirm NOTE: KEEPALIVE and NOTIFICATION are omitted from this diagram for simplicity Established 11
12 BGP: Border Gateway Protocol Algorithm Transport Adjacency relationship and state transition Route information efficient path vector expression Topology 12
13 Representing Path Vector in BGP AS (Autonomous System) is represented as an AS number AS: routing domain that is operated by single policy BGP concisely encodes (prefix, AS-path, attributes) (AS-path, attributes, { prefix1, prefix2,... } ) Reduction of traffic 13
14 Example of Path Vector in BGP Try it yourself w/ looking glass 14
15 Hands on: see how BGP works Looking glass Traceroute a Analyze the routes and depict your findings in one page diagram 15
16 Q&A 16
17 BGP: Border Gateway Protocol Algorithm Transport Adjacency relationship and state transition Route information Topology 17
18 Topology of BGP: IBGP and EBGP IBGP EBGP IBGP AS2500 peer AS290 18
19 Topology Constraints in IBGP and EBGP IBGP must establish peering between all IBGP routers in the same AS. doesn t need physical adjacency. All IBGP routers have same routing information. EBGP establishes peering with other ASes requires physical adjacency in principle Routers don t share the same route information with adjacent ASes. 19
20 Q&A 20
21 Policies in BGP Routing policy Encode policies of transit providers Express route selection policy among alternative routes Policies transmitted to other providers MED Policies within IBGP Local preference, admin distance, route map, etc.
22 Limitation of policy in BGP: dispute wheel Rectangle denotes ordered list of path preferences Can we reach D? N. Feamster et al., Implications of Autonomy for the Expressiveness of Policy Routing, SIGCOMM 05.
23 Reducing routing information 23
24 Route Reduction: Default route /0 (IPv4), ::0/0 (IPv6) Longest prefix match matches in the end of route search Results in hiding of routes and reduction of the number of routes R2 Transit AS Stub AS R1 prefix ::0/0 next-hop R1 24
25 When and where routes can t be reduced? Default-free No default route Tier-1 ISPs, North American backbone (source: old UUNet network maps, 25
26 Aggregation /24 and /24 are aggregated into / / / / /18 26
27 Route Aggregation at Domain Edge Routes are aggregated at the edge of the routing domain. OSPF backbone OSPF area 1 R /18 via R1 (Summary LSA) 27
28 Hierarchical Aggregation of Routes OSPF areas R1 OSPF backbone OSPF backbone BR /18 via R1 (Summary LSA) /16 via BR (BGP advertisement) 28
29 Challenges in Route Aggregation Route aggregation depends on address assignment Planned address assignment is important for route aggregation Can we predict the extent of future growth of NAIST? Can we predict future growth of an ISP? Prefix renumbering Renumber to aggregatable addresses Provide operational means to unanticipated changes Technology under development Manual operation is necessary for route aggregation Internet full-route : 250,000 BGP table growth trends - Telstra 29
30 Q&A 30
31 Highlight of Assignment 4 achievements 31
32 Summary Hierarchical routing concepts IGP, EGP Path Vector Routing Loop-free, policy-aware BGP State transition, route information and topology Limitation of policy-based routing Scaling trick: Route aggregation Aggregation concepts, challenges 32
33 Assignment Pick two web sites, investigate inter-domain routes with two looking glasses, and then visualize AS paths. Mapping AS number to provider name: $ whois -h radb.ra.net. AS2500 aut-num: AS2500 as-name: WIDE descr: WIDE Project in Japan Optionally, pick a slow web site and investigate its reason, by using above tools and tcpdump or wireshark You may find Deadline: May 17, 17:00 S T 3 T 4 T 2
! Distance vector routing! Link state routing.! Path vector routing! BGP: Border Gateway Protocol! Route aggregation
! Distance vector routing! Link state routing Information Network I Youki Kadobayashi! IGP and EGP Intra-domain routing protocol, inter-domain routing protocol! Path vector routing! BGP: Border Gateway
More informationRouting(2) Inter-domain Routing
Routing(2) Inter-domain Routing Information Network I Youki Kadobayashi 1 Outline! Distance vector routing! Link state routing! IGP and EGP Intra-domain routing protocol, inter-domain routing protocol!
More informationRouting(2) Inter-domain Routing
Routing(2) Inter-domain Routing Information Network I Youki Kadobayashi 1 Outline! Continued from previous lecture on:! Distance vector routing! Link state routing! IGP and EGP Interior gateway protocol,
More informationInternet Routing : Fundamentals of Computer Networks Bill Nace
Internet Routing 14-740: Fundamentals of Computer Networks Bill Nace Material from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach, 6 th edition. J.F. Kurose and K.W. Ross Looking Ahead Lab #2 just due Quiz #2
More informationInter-Domain Routing: BGP
Inter-Domain Routing: BGP Richard T. B. Ma School of Computing National University of Singapore CS 3103: Compute Networks and Protocols Inter-Domain Routing Internet is a network of networks Hierarchy
More informationCS 640: Introduction to Computer Networks. Intra-domain routing. Inter-domain Routing: Hierarchy. Aditya Akella
CS 640: Introduction to Computer Networks Aditya Akella Lecture 11 - Inter-Domain Routing - BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) Intra-domain routing The Story So Far Routing protocols generate the forwarding
More informationCSc 450/550 Computer Networks Internet Routing
CSc 450/550 Computer Networks Internet Routing Jianping Pan Summer 2007 7/12/07 CSc 450/550 1 Review Internet Protocol (IP) IP header addressing class-based, classless, hierarchical, NAT routing algorithms
More informationLast time. Transitioning to IPv6. Routing. Tunneling. Gateways. Graph abstraction. Link-state routing. Distance-vector routing. Dijkstra's Algorithm
Last time Transitioning to IPv6 Tunneling Gateways Routing Graph abstraction Link-state routing Dijkstra's Algorithm Distance-vector routing Bellman-Ford Equation 10-1 This time Distance vector link cost
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing. Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 16, 2017
CS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 16, 2017 1 Hierarchical routing Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat not true in
More informationInter-AS routing and BGP. Network Layer 4-1
Inter-AS routing and BGP Network Layer 4-1 Review: intra-as routing v Also known as interior gateway protocols (IGP) v Most common intra-as routing protocols: RIP: Routing Information Protocol, distance
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks. 24: Internet Routing November 19, 2018
CS 43: Computer Networks 24: Internet Routing November 19, 2018 Last Class Link State + Fast convergence (reacts to events quickly) + Small window of inconsistency Distance Vector + + Distributed (small
More informationRouting. Info 341 Networking and Distributed Applications. Addresses, fragmentation, reassembly. end-to-end communication UDP, TCP
outing Info 341 Networking and Distributed Applications Context Layer 3 Addresses, fragmentation, reassembly Layer 4 end-to-end communication UDP, TCP outing At layer 3 Often relies on layer 4 Application
More informationLecture 4: Intradomain Routing. CS 598: Advanced Internetworking Matthew Caesar February 1, 2011
Lecture 4: Intradomain Routing CS 598: Advanced Internetworking Matthew Caesar February 1, 011 1 Robert. How can routers find paths? Robert s local DNS server 10.1.8.7 A 10.1.0.0/16 10.1.0.1 Routing Table
More informationYouki Kadobayashi NAIST
Information Network 1 Routing (1) Youki Kadobayashi NAIST 1 The Routing Problem! How do I get from source to destination?! Which path is best? In terms of:! Number of hops! Delay! Bandwidth! Policy constraints!
More informationInternet Routing Protocols Tuba Saltürk
Internet Routing Protocols 15505068 Tuba Saltürk Outline Internet Routers Routing Protocol Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) Distance- Vector Routing Protocol Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Interior
More informationOutline Computer Networking. Inter and Intra-Domain Routing. Internet s Area Hierarchy Routing hierarchy. Internet structure
Outline 15-441 15-441 Computer Networking 15-641 Lecture 10: Inter-Domain outing Border Gateway Protocol -BGP Peter Steenkiste Fall 2016 www.cs.cmu.edu/~prs/15-441-f16 outing hierarchy Internet structure
More informationRavi Chandra cisco Systems Cisco Systems Confidential
BGP4 1 Ravi Chandra cisco Systems 0799_04F7_c2 Cisco Systems Confidential 2 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Introduction to BGP BGP Peer Relationship BGP Attributes Applying Policy with BGP Putting it all
More informationInter-domain Routing. Outline. Border Gateway Protocol
Inter-domain Routing Outline Border Gateway Protocol Internet Structure Original idea CS 640 2 Internet Structure Today CS 640 3 Route Propagation in the Internet Autonomous System (AS) corresponds to
More informationCS4450. Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols. Lecture 15 BGP. Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal
CS4450 Computer Networks: Architecture and Protocols Lecture 15 BGP Spring 2018 Rachit Agarwal Autonomous System (AS) or Domain Region of a network under a single administrative entity Border Routers Interior
More informationImportant Lessons From Last Lecture Computer Networking. Outline. Routing Review. Routing hierarchy. Internet structure. External BGP (E-BGP)
Important Lessons From Last Lecture 15-441 Computer Networking Inter-Domain outing BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) Every router needs to be able to forward towards any destination Forwarding table must be
More informationIP Addressing & Interdomain Routing. Next Topic
IP Addressing & Interdomain Routing Next Topic IP Addressing Hierarchy (prefixes, class A, B, C, subnets) Interdomain routing Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical Scalability
More informationRouting in the Internet
Routing in the Internet Daniel Zappala CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University Scaling Routing for the Internet 2/29 scale 200 million destinations - can t store all destinations or all prefixes
More informationCOMP/ELEC 429 Introduction to Computer Networks
COMP/ELEC 429 Introduction to Computer Networks Lecture 11: Inter-domain routing Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang T. S. Eugene Ng eugeneng at
More informationTopology. Youki Kadobayashi NAIST. Outline. Routing system: its function. Gateway Model Revisited. Routing system: its structure
Information Network 1 Routing (1) Topology Topology 1: 2a (1): a branch of mathematics concerned with those properties of geometric configurations (as point sets) which are unaltered by elastic deformations
More informationComputer Networking Introduction
Computer Networking Introduction Halgurd S. Maghdid Software Engineering Department Koya University-Koya, Kurdistan-Iraq Lecture No.15 Chapter 4: outline 4.1 introduction 4.2 virtual circuit and datagram
More informationCS4700/CS5700 Fundamentals of Computer Networks
CS4700/CS5700 Fundamentals of Computer Networks Lecture 12: Inter-domain routing Slides used with permissions from Edward W. Knightly, T. S. Eugene Ng, Ion Stoica, Hui Zhang Alan Mislove amislove at ccs.neu.edu
More informationCS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing. Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 14, 2013
CS 43: Computer Networks Internet Routing Kevin Webb Swarthmore College November 14, 2013 1 Reading Quiz Hierarchical routing Our routing study thus far - idealization all routers identical network flat
More informationCS519: Computer Networks. Lecture 4, Part 5: Mar 1, 2004 Internet Routing:
: Computer Networks Lecture 4, Part 5: Mar 1, 2004 Internet Routing: AS s, igp, and BGP As we said earlier, the Internet is composed of Autonomous Systems (ASs) Where each AS is a set of routers, links,
More informationCS BGP v4. Fall 2014
CS 457 - BGP v4 Fall 2014 Autonomous Systems What is an AS? a set of routers under a single technical administration uses an interior gateway protocol (IGP) and common metrics to route packets within the
More informationIntroduction. Keith Barker, CCIE #6783. YouTube - Keith6783.
Understanding, Implementing and troubleshooting BGP 01 Introduction http:// Instructor Introduction Keith Barker, CCIE #6783 CCIE Routing and Switching 2001 CCIE Security 2003 kbarker@ine.com YouTube -
More informationCOM-208: Computer Networks - Homework 6
COM-208: Computer Networks - Homework 6. (P22) Suppose you are interested in detecting the number of hosts behind a NAT. You observe that the IP layer stamps an identification number sequentially on each
More informationInter-AS routing. Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 6 th edition Jim Kurose, Keith Ross Addison-Wesley
Inter-AS routing Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 6 th edition Jim Kurose, Keith Ross Addison-Wesley Some materials copyright 1996-2012 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross, All Rights Reserved Chapter 4:
More informationCS 457 Networking and the Internet. The Global Internet (Then) The Global Internet (And Now) 10/4/16. Fall 2016
CS 457 Networking and the Internet Fall 2016 The Global Internet (Then) The tree structure of the Internet in 1990 The Global Internet (And Now) A simple multi-provider Internet 1 The Global Internet Some
More informationYouki Kadobayashi NAIST
Information Network 1 Routing (1) Image: Part of the entire Internet topology based on CAIDA dataset, using NAIST Internet viewer Youki Kadobayashi NAIST 1 The Routing Problem How do I get from source
More informationWhy dynamic route? (1)
Routing Why dynamic route? (1) Static route is ok only when Network is small There is a single connection point to other network No redundant route 2 Why dynamic route? (2) Dynamic Routing Routers update
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca Based partly on lecture notes by Rob Sherwood, David Mazières, Phil Levis, John Janno? Administrivia Midterm moved up from 3/17 to 3/15 IP
More informationInter-Domain Routing: BGP
Inter-Domain Routing: BGP Brad Karp UCL Computer Science (drawn mostly from lecture notes by Hari Balakrishnan and Nick Feamster, MIT) CS 3035/GZ01 4 th December 2014 Outline Context: Inter-Domain Routing
More informationChapter 4: outline. Network Layer 4-1
Chapter 4: outline 4.1 introduction 4.2 virtual circuit and datagram networks 4.3 what s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol datagram format IPv4 addressing ICMP IPv6 4.5 routing algorithms link
More informationYouki Kadobayashi NAIST
Information Network 1 Routing (1) Image: Part of the entire Internet topology based on CAIDA dataset, using NAIST Internet viewer Youki Kadobayashi NAIST 1 The Routing Problem! How do I get from source
More informationInter-Autonomous-System Routing: Border Gateway Protocol
Inter-Autonomous-System Routing: Border Gateway Protocol Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano December 10, 2014 Outline Hierarchical routing BGP Routing 2005 2007 Antonio Carzaniga
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer
Chapter 4: Network Layer 4. 1 Introduction 4.2 Virtual circuit and datagram networks 4.3 What s inside a router 4.4 IP: Internet Protocol Datagram format IPv4 addressing ICMP IPv6 4.5 Routing algorithms
More informationLecture 19: Network Layer Routing in the Internet
Lecture 19: Network Layer Routing in the Internet COMP 332, Spring 2018 Victoria Manfredi Acknowledgements: materials adapted from Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach 7 th edition: 1996-2016, J.F
More informationSymbols. Numerics I N D E X
I N D E X Symbols? (question mark), CLI help system, 126 Numerics A 2-router BGP topology, configuring, 279 284 4-router BGP topology, configuring, 266, 276 279 ABRs (area border routers), 9, 87, 95, 141
More informationinternet technologies and standards
Institute of Telecommunications Warsaw University of Technology internet technologies and standards Piotr Gajowniczek BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) structure of the Internet Tier 1 ISP Tier 1 ISP Google
More informationRouting Protocols. Technology Description BGP CHAPTER
CHAPTER 11 This chapter describes the level of support that Cisco ANA provides for routing protocols, as follows: Technology Description, page 11-1 Information Model Objects (IMOs), page 11-3 Vendor-Specific
More informationBGP Configuration. BGP Overview. Introduction to BGP. Formats of BGP Messages. Header
Table of Contents BGP Configuration 1 BGP Overview 1 Introduction to BGP 1 Formats of BGP Messages 1 BGP Path Attributes 4 BGP Route Selection 8 Configuring BGP 8 Configuration Prerequisites 8 Configuration
More informationPART III. Implementing Inter-Network Relationships with BGP
PART III Implementing Inter-Network Relationships with BGP ICNP 2002 Routing Protocols Autonomous System BGP-4 BGP = Border Gateway Protocol Is a Policy-Based routing protocol Is the de facto EGP of today
More informationInter-Autonomous-System Routing: Border Gateway Protocol
Inter-Autonomous-System Routing: Border Gateway Protocol Antonio Carzaniga Faculty of Informatics University of Lugano June 14, 2005 Outline Hierarchical routing BGP Routing Routing Goal: each router u
More informationDepartment of Computer and IT Engineering University of Kurdistan. Computer Networks II Border Gateway protocol (BGP) By: Dr. Alireza Abdollahpouri
Department of Computer and IT Engineering University of Kurdistan Computer Networks II Border Gateway protocol (BGP) By: Dr. Alireza Abdollahpouri Internet structure: network of networks local ISP Tier
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca Based partly on lecture notes by Rob Sherwood, David Mazières, Phil Levis, John Janno? Today Last time: Intra-Domain Routing (IGP) RIP distance
More informationBorder Gateway Protocol
39 CHAPTER Chapter Goals Understand the purpose of the. Explain BGP attributes and their use in route selection. Examine the BGP route selection process. Introduction The (BGP) is an interautonomous system
More informationInternet inter-as routing: BGP
Internet inter-as routing: BGP BGP (Border Gateway Protocol): the de facto standard BGP provides each AS a means to: 1. Obtain subnet reachability information from neighboring ASs. 2. Propagate the reachability
More informationLecture 16: Interdomain Routing. CSE 123: Computer Networks Stefan Savage
Lecture 16: Interdomain Routing CSE 123: Computer Networks Stefan Savage Overview Autonomous Systems Each network on the Internet has its own goals Path-vector Routing Allows scalable, informed route selection
More informationROUTING PROTOCOLS. Mario Baldi Routing - 1. see page 2
ROUTING PROTOCOLS Mario Baldi www.baldi.info Routing - 1 Copyright Notice This set of transparencies, hereinafter referred to as slides, is protected by copyright laws and provisions of International Treaties.
More informationMaster Course Computer Networks IN2097
Chair for Network Architectures and Services Prof. Carle Department of Computer Science TU München Master Course Computer Networks IN2097 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Carle Christian Grothoff, Ph.D. Stephan Günther
More informationInternet Routing Protocols Lecture 01 & 02
Internet Routing Protocols Lecture 01 & 02 Advanced Systems Topics Lent Term, 2010 Timothy G. Griffin Computer Lab Cambridge UK Internet Routing Outline Lecture 1 : Inter-domain routing architecture, the
More informationCSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca
CSCI-1680 Network Layer: Inter-domain Routing Rodrigo Fonseca Based partly on lecture notes by Rob Sherwood, David Mazières, Phil Levis, John Jannotti Today Last time: Intra-Domain Routing (IGP) RIP distance
More informationUnit 3: Dynamic Routing
Unit 3: Dynamic Routing Basic Routing The term routing refers to taking a packet from one device and sending it through the network to another device on a different network. Routers don t really care about
More informationCSE/EE 461 Lecture 11. Inter-domain Routing. This Lecture. Structure of the Internet. Focus How do we make routing scale?
CSE/EE 461 Lecture 11 Inter-domain Routing This Lecture Focus How do we make routing scale? Inter-domain routing ASes and BGP Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical sdg //
More informationCS321: Computer Networks Unicast Routing
CS321: Computer Networks Unicast Routing Dr. Manas Khatua Assistant Professor Dept. of CSE IIT Jodhpur E-mail: manaskhatua@iitj.ac.in Introduction The goal of the network layer is deliver a datagram from
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer. Lecture 12 Internet Routing Protocols. Chapter goals: understand principles behind network layer services:
NET 331 Computer Networks Lecture 12 Internet Routing Protocols Dr. Anis Koubaa Reformatted slides from textbook Computer Networking a top-down appraoch, Fifth Edition by Kurose and Ross, (c) Pearson Education
More informationETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet
ETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet 2013, Part 2, Lecture 1.2 Jens Andersson (Kaan Bür) Routing on the Internet Unicast routing protocols (part 2) [ed.5 ch.20.3] Multicast routing, IGMP [ed.5
More informationPlanning for Information Network
Planning for Information Network Lecture 8: Network Routing Protocols Assistant Teacher Samraa Adnan Al-Asadi 1 Routing protocol features There are many ways to characterize routing protocols, including
More informationVendor: Alcatel-Lucent. Exam Code: 4A Exam Name: Alcatel-Lucent Border Gateway Protocol. Version: Demo
Vendor: Alcatel-Lucent Exam Code: 4A0-102 Exam Name: Alcatel-Lucent Border Gateway Protocol Version: Demo QUESTION 1 Upon the successful establishment of a TCP session between peers, what type of BGP message
More informationTELE 301 Network Management
TELE 301 Network Management Lecture 24: Exterior Routing and BGP Haibo Zhang Computer Science, University of Otago TELE301 Lecture 16: Remote Terminal Services 1 Today s Focus How routing between different
More informationProfessor Yashar Ganjali Department of Computer Science University of Toronto.
Professor Yashar Ganjali Department of Computer Science University of Toronto yganjali@cs.toronto.edu http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~yganjali Announcements Don t forget the programming assignment Due: Friday
More informationIETF RFCs Supported by Cisco NX-OS Unicast Features Release 6.x
IETF Supported by Cisco NX-OS Unicast Features Release 6.x BGP, page 1 First-Hop Redundancy Protocols, page 2 IP Services, page 3 IPv6, page 3 IS-IS, page 4 OSPF, page 5 RIP, page 5 BGP RFC 1997 BGP Communities
More informationIntroduction to Computer Networks
Introduction to Computer Networks Tian Song ( 嵩天 ), Ph.D., Assoc. Prof. songtian@bit.edu.cn Introduction to Computer Networks ICMP, ARP, DHCP, OSPF, BGP Tian Song ( 嵩天 ), Ph.D., Assoc. Prof. songtian@bit.edu.cn
More informationCSCI Topics: Internet Programming Fall 2008
CSCI 491-01 Topics: Internet Programming Fall 2008 Network Layer Derek Leonard Hendrix College November 17, 2008 Original slides copyright 1996-2007 J.F Kurose and K.W. Ross 1 Chapter 4: Roadmap 4.1 Introduction
More informationChapter IV: Network Layer
Chapter IV: Network Layer UG3 Computer Communications & Networks (COMN) Myungjin Lee myungjin.lee@ed.ac.uk Slides copyright of Kurose and Ross Hierarchical routing our routing study thus far - idealization
More informationArchitectures and Protocols for Integrated Networks. Intra-domain and Inter-domain Routing Protocols
Architectures and Protocols for Integrated Networks Intra-domain and Inter-domain Routing Protocols How is the routing table built? Path finding Paths from a device to any other device. Aggregated according
More information5.1 introduction 5.5 The SDN control 5.2 routing protocols plane. Control Message 5.3 intra-as routing in Protocol the Internet
Chapter 5: outline 5.1 introduction 5.5 The SDN control 5.2 routing protocols plane link state 5.6 ICMP: The Internet distance vector Control Message 5.3 intra-as routing in Protocol the Internet t 5.7
More informationChapter 4: Network Layer, partb
Chapter 4: Network Layer, partb The slides are adaptations of the slides available by the main textbook authors, Kurose&Ross Network Layer 4-1 Interplay between routing, forwarding routing algorithm local
More informationChapter 7: Routing Dynamically. Routing & Switching
Chapter 7: Routing Dynamically Routing & Switching The Evolution of Dynamic Routing Protocols Dynamic routing protocols used in networks since the late 1980s Newer versions support the communication based
More informationA Study on Efficient Route Optimization using Border Gateway Protocol in Mobile Adhoc Networks
A Study on Efficient Route Optimization using Border Gateway Protocol in Mobile Adhoc Networks N.vijay kumar T.Santhi Sri Dr.J.Rajendra Prasad Y.Vijayalakshmi II MCA II SEMESTER Department of CA Department
More informationBack to basics J. Addressing is the key! Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Transport. Transport (TCP/UDP) Internet (IPv4/IPv6)
Routing Basics Back to basics J Application Presentation Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Data Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Session Transport Transport (TCP/UDP) E2E connectivity (app-to-app) Port numbers
More informationBGP. Daniel Zappala. CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University
Daniel Zappala CS 460 Computer Networking Brigham Young University 2/20 Scaling Routing for the Internet scale 200 million destinations - can t store all destinations or all prefixes in routing tables
More informationIntroduction to BGP ISP/IXP Workshops
Introduction to BGP ISP/IXP Workshops 1 Border Gateway Protocol Routing Protocol used to exchange routing information between networks exterior gateway protocol RFC1771 work in progress to update draft-ietf-idr-bgp4-18.txt
More informationInterdomain Routing Reading: Sections P&D 4.3.{3,4}
Interdomain Routing Reading: Sections P&D 4.3.{3,4} EE122: Intro to Communication Networks Fall 2006 (MW 4:00-5:30 in Donner 155) Vern Paxson TAs: Dilip Antony Joseph and Sukun Kim http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~ee122/
More informationCSC458 Lecture 6. Administrivia. Inter-domain Routing IP Addressing. Midterm will Cover Following Topics (2) Midterm will Cover Following Topics
CSC458 Lecture 6 Inter-domain Routing IP Addressing Administrivia Homework: #2 due today #3 out today, due in two weeks (same date as midterm) No lecture next week Reading Week Midterm in two weeks 60
More informationRouting Protocols. Autonomous System (AS)
Routing Protocols Two classes of protocols: 1. Interior Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) 2. Exterior Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Autonomous System (AS) What is an AS?
More informationYouki Kadobayashi NAIST
Information Network 1 Routing (1) Image: Part of the entire Internet topology based on CAIDA dataset, using NAIST Internet viewer Youki Kadobayashi NAIST 1 The Routing Problem How do I get from source
More information6.829 BGP Recitation. Rob Beverly September 29, Addressing and Assignment
6.829 BGP Recitation Rob Beverly September 29, 2006 Addressing and Assignment 1 Area-Routing Review Why does Internet Scale? Hierarchical Addressing How are addresses assigned? Classfull
More informationCOMPSCI 314: IP routing
COMPSCI 314: IP routing Nevil Brownlee with thanks to Brian Carpenter n.brownlee@auckland.ac.nz Lecture Topics Routing the problem Approaches (K&R 4.1.1) Shay 10.4 Algorithms (K&R 4.) Dijkstra (K&R 4..1)
More informationInitial motivation: 32-bit address space soon to be completely allocated. Additional motivation:
IPv6 Initial motivation: 32-bit address space soon to be completely allocated. Additional motivation: header format helps speed processing/forwarding header changes to facilitate QoS IPv6 datagram format:
More informationInterdomain routing CSCI 466: Networks Keith Vertanen Fall 2011
Interdomain routing CSCI 466: Networks Keith Vertanen Fall 2011 Overview Business relationships between ASes Interdomain routing using BGP Advertisements Routing policy Integration with intradomain routing
More informationNetwork Layer: Routing
Network Layer: Routing The Problem A B R 1 R 2 R 4 R 3 Goal: for each destination, compute next hop 1 Lecture 9 2 Basic Assumptions Trivial solution: Flooding Dynamic environment: links and routers unreliable:
More informationDATA COMMUNICATOIN NETWORKING
DATA COMMUNICATOIN NETWORKING Instructor: Ouldooz Baghban Karimi Course Book & Slides: Computer Networking, A Top-Down Approach By: Kurose, Ross Introduction Course Overview Basics of Computer Networks
More informationLecture 12. Introduction to IP Routing. Why introduction? Routing
Lecture. Introduction to IP Routing Why introduction? Routing: very complex issue need in-depth study entire books on routing our scope: give a flavour of basic routing structure and messaging give an
More informationTo contain/reduce broadcast traffic, we need to reduce the size of the network (i.e., LAN).
2.3.3 Routers 2.3.3.1 Motivation Bridges do not stop broadcast traffic. This can lead to broadcast storms (e.g., more than 100 nonunicast frames/sec) which can be catastrophic. This can bring the network
More informationRouting on the Internet. Routing on the Internet. Hierarchical Routing. Computer Networks. Lecture 17: Inter-domain Routing and BGP
Routing on the Internet Computer Networks Lecture 17: Inter-domain Routing and BGP In the beginning there was the ARPANET: route using GGP (Gateway-to-Gateway Protocol), a distance vector routing protocol
More informationRouting Basics. SANOG July, 2017 Gurgaon, INDIA
Routing Basics SANOG 30 14-18 July, 2017 Gurgaon, INDIA Back to basics J Application Presentation Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Data Application (HTTP, DNS, FTP) Session Transport Transport (TCP/UDP) E2E
More informationBGP. Autonomous system (AS) BGP version 4
BGP Border Gateway Protocol (an introduction) dr. C. P. J. Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam March 11, 2008 General ideas behind BGP Background Providers, Customers and Peers External
More informationETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet
ETSF10 Internet Protocols Routing on the Internet 2012, Part 2, Lecture 1.2 Kaan Bür, Jens Andersson Routing on the Internet Unicast routing protocols (part 2) [ed.4 ch.22.4] [ed.5 ch.20.3] Forwarding
More informationBGP. Autonomous system (AS) BGP version 4
BGP Border Gateway Protocol (an introduction) Karst Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam (version 1.5, 2011/03/06 13:35:28) Monday, March 7, 2011 General ideas behind BGP Background Providers,
More informationBGP. Autonomous system (AS) BGP version 4. Definition (AS Autonomous System)
BGP Border Gateway Protocol (an introduction) Karst Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam (version 1.9, 2012/03/14 10:21:22) Monday, March 12, 2012 General ideas behind BGP Background Providers,
More informationRouting Unicast routing protocols
Routing Unicast routing protocols Jens A Andersson Electrical and Information Technology R1 Choosing an Optimal Path R4 5 R7 5 10 40 R6 6 5 B R2 15 A 20 4 10 10 R8 R3 5 10 R5 1 Router A router is a type
More informationModule 8. Routing. Version 2 ECE, IIT Kharagpur
Module 8 Routing Lesson 27 Routing II Objective To explain the concept of same popular routing protocols. 8.2.1 Routing Information Protocol (RIP) This protocol is used inside our autonomous system and
More informationBGP. Autonomous system (AS) BGP version 4. Definition (AS Autonomous System)
BGP Border Gateway Protocol (an introduction) Karst Koymans Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam (version 310, 2014/03/11 10:50:06) Monday, March 10, 2014 General ideas behind BGP Background Providers,
More informationBasic Idea. Routing. Example. Routing by the Network
Basic Idea Routing Routing table at each router/gateway When IP packet comes, destination address checked with routing table to find next hop address Questions: Route by host or by network? Routing table:
More information