-Access Platforms Integration- Next Generation PON System. System Platforms Research Labs, NEC Corporation. Akio Tajima. Feb.

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1 Next Generation PON System -Access Platforms Integration- Feb. 25, 2008 Akio Tajima System Platforms Research Labs, NEC Corporation 1

2 Outline 1. Optical Access Technology and market 2. Next Generation Access (NGA) 1. Requirements for NGA 2. NGA Standardization Status Topics, Direction, Status, Feature 3. R&D activities in NEC group 1. Key optical devices for NGA(10G, WDM) 2. WDM Access Transport System 3. OWI Protection 4. Summary Page 2 OFC2008 San Diego

3 Optical Access Technology Evolution Optical access technology enables HDTV distribution to home. Higher bandwidth/capacity more than Giga PON technologies make it possible to come in new attractive services. bit / s 10G 1G 100M 10M 1M 100K Tele phone 1997 STM PON 150M B-PON Still Image 600M B-PON Tele conference GE-PON IEEE802.3 FSAN, ITU-T FSAN, ITU-T G-PON ITU-T 2005 Broad cast 2006 NGA FSAN, ITU-T 10GE-PON FSAN, HDTV IEEE Realistic Communi cation TDM WDM, etc. 100G Japan Trial 1980 s~ Commercial 1997~ Bandwidth/capacity is increasing. We can now fully enjoy the benefits of Gigabit class service. Year Page 3 OFC2008 San Diego

4 Broadband Subscribers in Japan FTTH DSL CATV FW A Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication of Japan and Yano Research Institute, Ltd. November 2007 Total 27.8M Forecast >10M >18M Subscribers (M illions) Year Broadband subscriber is steadily increasing. FTTH subscriptions surpass 10 Million (Sept. 2007) Meanwhile, DSL subscriptions declined. Page 4 OFC2008 San Diego

5 Current Optical Access Architecture Consumer Service ONU PON Optical Splitter Plural users share fiber and OLT. Central Office PON OLT VDSL ONU Single star Business Service Apartment ONU Leased line Media Converters Wireless Service Mobile base station Page 5 OFC2008 San Diego

6 Outline 1. Optical Access Technology and market 2. Next Generation Access 1. Requirements for NGA 2. NGA Standardization Status Topics, Direction, Status, Feature 3. R&D activities in NEC group 1. Key optical devices for NGA(10G, WDM) 2. WDM Access Transport System 3. OWI Protection System 4. Summary Page 6 OFC2008 San Diego

7 Requirements and Key Technologies for NGA Requirements Key Technologies Higher bandwidth/capacity than current system Coexistence with installed system Maximum utilization of installed Optical Distribution Network (ODN). Limited floor in CO Limited power supply in CO TDM (e.g. 10Gbps/λ) WDM (e.g. colorless ONU) Dual-rate Burst Receiver High-power optical transmitter and high-sensitivity optical receiver for higher-speed (10Gbps) transmission. FEC Integrated access platforms (10GE- PON system) Wider coverage area Fixed and wireless integration WDM repeater FTTx/Wireless Integration Higher Reliability Security FTTx/WiMAX Protection Cryptosystem (e.g. QKD) Page 7 OFC2008 San Diego

8 IP-TV Service Trend Require much more bandwidth Source: Page 8 OFC2008 San Diego

9 Maximum utilization of installed ODN Coexistence with current system 1. Compatible fiber plant with current system Fiber plant which is constructed for current system, must be used for NGA. G.652 SMF Power budget (30 db and penalty < 1 db, or 29 db without penalty) 20km reach More than 32 split ratio 2. Coexistence with current system. NGA must avoid to interfere with existing current system in a same fiber. Optical overlay of RF video must be also Source: supported. Page 9 OFC2008 San Diego

Optical Access For Wireless Back-Haul 4th Gen mobile communication will be ubiquitous Bandwidth: ~30Mbps/user, 100M~1Gbps/access point Access point coverage will decrease Number of access points will

10 Optical Access For Wireless Back-Haul 4th Gen mobile communication will be ubiquitous Bandwidth: ~30Mbps/user, 100M~1Gbps/access point Access point coverage will decrease Number of access points will increase PON is a natural back-haul solution for the 4th Gen access points Next generation wireless back-haul n: up to 100 Mbps per device e: up to 70 Mbps per access point Femte Cell Source: Page 10 OFC2008 San Diego

11 Requirements and Key Technologies for NGA Requirements Key Technologies Higher bandwidth/capacity than current system Coexistence with installed system Maximum utilization of installed Optical Distribution Network (ODN). Limited floor in CO Limited power supply in CO TDM (e.g. 10Gbps/λ) WDM (e.g. colorless ONU) Dual-rate Burst Receiver High-power optical transmitter and high-sensitivity optical receiver for higher-speed (10Gbps) transmission. FEC Integrated access platforms (10GE- PON system) Wider coverage area Fixed and wireless integration WDM repeater FTTx/Wireless Integration Higher Reliability Security FTTx/WiMAX Protection Cryptosystem (e.g. QKD) Page 11 OFC2008 San Diego

12 Access Platforms Integration over 10GEPON FTTx/WiMAX solution to provide high reliability and extend reach. Consumer Service ONU 10Giga PON Integrate subscriber Central Office VDSL ONU WDM Access Transport PON OLT Business Service Apartment ONU Leased line WDM Access Transport WDM access transport to extend reach and provide wider bandwidth. Wireless Service Mobile base station xdsl/pots/wireless Access over 10GEPON Page 12 OFC2008 San Diego

13 Outline 1. Optical Access Technology and market 2. Next Generation Access 1. Requirements for NGA 2. NGA Standardization Status Topics, Direction, Status, Feature 3. R&D activities in NEC group 1. Key optical devices for NGA(10G, WDM) 2. WDM Access Transport System 3. OWI Protection System 4. Summary Page 13 OFC2008 San Diego

14 IEEE802.3av 10GEPON CFI Mar. 06 TF Sep. 06 Standard Schedule ~ D1.0 Nov. July Jan. Sep. D1.1 Feb. D2.0 D3.0 Standard Nov. May Last Feature Last Technical Change Technical Discussion FSAN/ITU-T NGA Baseline PMD Spec. -Power Budget -Wavelength -FEC Extension, Option MPCP Extension U/S 1G/10G Coexistence Joint Meeting for Harmonization Development of FSAN NG-PON white paper Requirements for NG-PON1/2 Specifications for NG-PON1 Initial studies of NG-PON2 Continuation to study NG-PON2 (tentative) NG-PON1 Standardization in conjunction with ITU-T Technical Discussion Long-reach WDM-PON XG-PON Page 14 OFC2008 San Diego

10GEPON Objectives- Support subscriber access networks using point to multipoint topologies on optical fiber PHY(s) to have a BER better than or equal to 10-12 at the PHY service interface Provide

15 10GEPON Objectives- Support subscriber access networks using point to multipoint topologies on optical fiber PHY(s) to have a BER better than or equal to at the PHY service interface Provide physical layer specifications: PHY for PON, 10 Gbps downstream/1 Gbps upstream, single SM fiber PHY for PON, 10 Gbps downstream/10 Gbps upstream, single SM fiber Define up to 3 optical power budgets that support split ratios of 1:16 Table: and Power 1:32, and Budget distances Classes of at least 10 and at least 20 km. PR: 10G/10G PRX:10G/1G Page 15 OFC2008 San Diego

16 Tx: >+4dBm Rx: <-28dBm 10G/10G ONU1 10GEPON Features- Coexistence with GEPON, RF-video Upstream: TDMA CO 1G/10G Dual-rate Rx Tx Rx: <-26dBm Tx: >+2dBm 10G/1G ONU2 Downstream: WDM Loss budget = 29 db (PR30/PRX30) 10GE-PON (US) Wavelength Allocation GE-PON (US) 1360 GE-PON (DS) Video GE-PON (DS) PR PR10 PR Key Device: High-sensitivity APD, High-Power LD λ (nm) Page 16 OFC2008 San Diego

17 Outline 1. Optical Access Technology and market 2. Next Generation Access 1. Requirements for NGA 2. NGA Standardization Status Topics, Direction, Status, Feature 3. R&D activities in NEC group 1. Key optical devices for NGA(10G WDM) 2. WDM Access Transport System 3. OWI Protection System 4. Summary Page 17 OFC2008 San Diego

Key Device for 10GEPON High-Power Transmitter

relaxation oscillation frequency even at high

18 Key Device for 10GEPON High-Power Transmitter 1.3um AlGaInAs BH DFB-LD AlGaInAs MQW High relaxation oscillation frequency even at high temperature BH structure with semiinsulating current blocking layer Reduce parasitic capacitance by Fe doped InP for highspeed (>10GHz) operation +4dBm (Modulation) High-power (>+4dBm)10Gbps operation was confirmed. Page 18 OFC2008 San Diego

19 Key Device for 10GEPON High-Performance Receiver Two type of highperformance APD have developed. Mesa-type APD Simple Mesa structure is suitable for mass production and low cost. Tolerant for high-power. High reliability. Waveguide APD Waveguide structure realizes high quantum efficiency and high sensitivity. WG structure is suitable for surface mounting and PLC. p-inalas cap layer Band Structure Passivation (SiN) p- graded doping InGaAs absorption layer Input light reflection p-electrode i-ingaas absorption layer Field buffer layer Mesa InAlAs-APD Radiation mode WG InAlAs-APD InAlAs muliplication layer n-inp buffer layer AR coat (SiN) n-inp Sub. n-inp buffer layer n-electrode fmax: 11 GHz GB:120 GHz 3-dB down bandwidth (GHz) Input light AR-coating n-electrode S.I.-InP substrate p-electrode Poly-imide p+-waveguide n+-waveguide i-ingaas absorption layer InAlAs field buffer layer InAlAs multiple layer Multiplication factor (M) Frequency Response A back-illuminated mesa APD. High reliability with thin multiplication and two-step absorption layer. Received Sensitivity An asymmetric waveguide APD with thin SAM structure. High input power operation with asymmetric structure. *SAM:Separated absorption and multiplication structure Page 19 OFC2008 San Diego

20 Colorless ONU Technology for WDM-PON Local Emission Wavelength Supply Technique ONU configuration Tunable WDM Rx Spectrum Slicing WDM Rx Loop-back WDM Rx Wavelengthseeding Rx TLD BLS Mod. +Amp. RSOA Modulation Direct/External Direct External Direct Rate 10Gbps 1.25Gbps 10Gbps 1.25Gbps Location of US light source ONU ONU OLT ONU TLD: Tunable Laser Diode, BLS: Broadband Light Source, RSOA: Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Source: J. Kani et al., Next Generation Optical Access Networks: Possible Directions and Technical Challenges, ECOC2006, Th2.1.2 Page 20 OFC2008 San Diego

21 Full band Tunable LD AR coating Double-ring resonator SOA nm S-band C-band L-band W avelength [nm ] HR coating TO heater (on the ring waveguide) Fiber coup le d in te n s ity [db m ] Tuning ra n g e [nm ] Year Page 21 OFC2008 San Diego

22 WDM Access Transport System WDM access transport to extend reach and provide wider bandwidth The system multiplexes burst optical signal and behaves as a repeater as well. Effective use of access network fiber by reducing number of fibers Extend optical reach beyond 20km with using repeaters to 60km Compatible in mixed deployment with PON, point-to-point or other systems Extend reach (20km) ONU CPE side WDM repeater CO side WDM repeater OLT ONU ONU Multiple wavelengths over single fiber Page 22 OFC2008 San Diego

23 FTTx/ WiMAX Protection Optical access will become social infrastructure High reliability, at the same time low-cost is indispensable Page 23 OFC2008 San Diego

24 Summary Requirements and trends for next generation optical access technologies are presented. 1. Requirements for NGA 2. NGA Standardization Status R&D activities in NEC are introduced. 1. Key optical devices for NGA 2. WDM Access Transport System 3. OWI Protection System I believe that these technologies lead to realizing 10GEPON-based integrated optical access. Page 24 OFC2008 San Diego

25 For Next Next Generation Access Wavelength for Next NGA 10GE-PON (US) GE-PON (US) GE-PON (DS) Video 10GE-PON (DS) PR30 PR10 PR λ (nm) New technologies (e.g. OFDM, OCDM) are expected for realizing more higher bandwidth and flexibility. However, it is difficult to remove legacy system Coexistence architecture with legacy system is desired Coexistence technology will be technical issues. Page 25 OFC2008 San Diego

26 For Higher Capacity In order to enlarge bandwidth/capacity, we have options, WDM, TDM and etc. Now 10Gbit/s continuous transmission technology is mature, e.g. 10Gigabit Ethernet. TDM, especially 10Gbit/s PON technologies will be available around st step: 10Gbit/s PON 2nd step: WDM PON bit / s 10G 1G 100M 10M 1M STM PON 150M B-PON 600M B-PON GE-PON IEEE802.3 FSAN, ITU-T FSAN, ITU-T G-PON NGA FSAN, ITU-T 10GE-PON FSAN, ITU-T IEEE Gbps/λ x Ν TDM WDM, etc. 100G 100K Year Page 26 OFC2008 San Diego

Joint ITU-T/IEEE Workshop on Next Generation Optical Access Systems. Requirements for Next Generation PON

Joint ITU-T/IEEE Workshop on Next Generation Optical Access Systems Requirements for Next Generation PON Junichi Kani 1 and Russell Davey 2 1 NTT Access Network Service Systems Labs, NTT 2 BT Outline Introduction