Wireless Wireline Convergence. Tod Sizer, Director Broadband and Wireless Research Center Bell Laboratories

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1 Wireless Wireline Convergence Tod Sizer, Director Broadband and Wireless Research Center Bell Laboratories

2 Wireless Wireline Convergence The past decade has seen unprecedented growth in both Wireless and Broadband Wired Communications. Wireless 2G evolving to 3G WiFi becoming standard in PCs High Speed Cellular deployments of EVDO and HSDPA Near universal usage and coverage in the developed world. Broadband Wireline Telephony modems evolving to Broadband connects. Core Network technologies above 25 Tb/s. Fiber to the home, such as Verizon FiOS Growth of Internet and as the standard for non-voice communication. p.2 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

3 Wireless Wireline Convergence Growth of Wireless and Wireline deployments offers opportunities for convergence of the technologies for the benefit of the user. In this talk: Circuit Emulation: T1 Ethernet evolution for Wireless Backhaul Wireless bandwidth transport over Ethernet [RadioStar] Femtocells for the home p.3 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Circuit Emulation T1 over Ethernet for Wireless Backhaul p.

5 Evolution of wireless backhaul Today s base stations are largely backhauled using T1/E1 lines. For cost, flexibility, and OA&M (Operations, Administration, and Maintenance) reasons, this will want to evolve to Ethernet. How do we manage legacy equipment in this evolved world. Can we provide adequate circuit emulation of T1/E1 signals over Ethernet to be able to rapidly evolve the wireless backhaul of Wireless Base Station? p.5 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

6 Circuit emulated through the Wireless backhaul Span of T1circuit Circuit emulated over Ethernet BTS T1 Ethernet interface interface Ethernet backhaul Ethernet Interface T1 payload packetized and sent over the Ethernet backhaul RNC p.6 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

7 Circuit Emulation First step in wireless backhaul evolution RNC and BTS still speak T1 (installed base and/or legacy sites) Backhaul is migrated from circuit switched to packet switched Full circuit emulation is needed across the Ethernet backhaul Base station does not have access to Network system clock The System clock needs to be transferred over the Ethernet link. T1/E1 are synchronous whereas Ethernet is asynchronous. Adaptive clock recovery or SRTS with packet-based distribution of common timing reference (IEEE1588 or NTP) This is the most difficult form of circuit emulation Next step in Wireless Backhaul would evolve to pure Ethernet p.7 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

8 Backhaul Solutions Wireless Base Station Synchronous T1/E1 Lines Packetize Provide T1/E1 synchronization 100/1000 Base F 100/1000 Base T p.8 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

RadioStar Technology: CDMA over Gigabit Ethernet w/ PoE CAT5 Cables w/ PoE Digitized CDMA/UMTS RF signal is distributed in-building through switched Gigabit Ethernet

Interface to BTS through baseband I/Q or RF radio input and output.

10 RadioStar Technology: CDMA over Gigabit Ethernet w/ PoE CAT5 Cables w/ PoE Digitized CDMA/UMTS RF signal is distributed in-building through switched Gigabit Ethernet packet data network using LAN CAT5/fiber cables (potentially existing). Equipment Closet Gigabit Ethernet Switch Same system can transport CDMA 1X, EV-DO, or UMTS signals. Interface to BTS through baseband I/Q or RF radio input and output. (no modification of BTS required) BTS with BSI Remote Radio Heads (s) based on handset technology and powered over CAT5 cable radiate downlink signal and receives uplink signal. p.10 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

11 Radio Digitizing Technique Base Station Interface Base Station Mix Radio Signal To Baseband Digitize Radio Signal Packetize digitized Radio Signal Ethernet Network Remote Radio Head Depacket digitized Radio Signal Digital Analog Conversion Mix Radio Signal To RF Synchronization p.11 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

12 Scalable Network [dynamic optimization] Sector α Sector α Sector β BSI GES GES Sector β GES GES BSI: base station interface GES: gigabit Ethernet switch : remote radio Head p.12 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

13 Key RadioStar Features Take advantage of Gigabit ethernet equipments, components and CAT5/fiber medium Software sectorization for capacity management and growth Remote management of indoor network. Capability to support over same infrastructure Transport RF bandwidth, air-interface agnostic RadioStar network need not be modified as services and applications change Low cost RF components from handset technology Use of PoE (Power over Ethernet) technology eliminates the need for power provisioning at the remote radio heads. Frequency and timing synchronization over asynchronous networks. p.13 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

2 nd Generation Digital board (July 2005) Form Factor : comparable to 802.11 access point Access Point 7 x2 x9 802.11 only 9 x6.5 x2 CDMA/UMTS and 802.11 802.

14 2 nd Generation Digital board (July 2005) Form Factor : comparable to access point Access Point 7 x2 x only 9 x6.5 x2 CDMA/UMTS and access card : PCMCIA (contingent on Linux load) POE : enables installation, no extra AC drop constraints: 100m, ~11W (currently) p.14 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

15 Coverage at 14dBm Pout 90ft Radius for -75 dbm RSSI 4th Floor 30ft Radius for 75dBm RSSI 3rd Floor p.15 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

16 Wireless Enterprise [WINGS] WINGS Opportunity Provide enterprise phone and data service using Wireless Cellular technology. Your Cell phone = Your Enterprise Phone Key Enabling Technology: RadioStar for low cost, high quality, in-building cellular coverage. RadioStar Value Proposition For the User One phone/one number to Reach Me Complete mobility Latest mobile communications technology to help me do my job. Zero cost Moves, even between locations Mobile data provided by high speed wireless data (e.g. either EV- DO/HSDPA or ) Increased productivity due to easy access to your information anywhere in the enterprise as well as anywhere there is cellular coverage. IP Router p.16 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

18 Femtocell in home backhauled with existing broadband connection Expensive To achieve good UMTS inbuilding coverage Femtocell coverage UMTS Core Network UMTS air interface In home UMTS air DSL interface connection Cheap Signalling Gateway 100 BaseT ethernet Ethernet 100 BaseT Femtocell IP Access Network Femtocell controls Internet bandwidth allocation for QoS Router p.18 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

19 Femtocell Advantages Provides excellent coverage in the home. Improves Universal Coverage and thus user expectations for voice and data performance. Improves the outdoor cell performance by off-loading indoor calls from the outdoor cell. Lowers cell user churn by improving the quality. p.19 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

20 Technical Challenges Auto-configuration End user installation, plug and play, automatic environment discovery, automatic provisioning, remote management Low cost hardware Consumer electronics, extreme cost pressure Mobility Idle and active mode handover between Femtocell and macrocell Identification of femtocells within the mobile network Synchronization Meet the air-interface synchronization requirement with low cost hardware Supporting both voice and data users Legacy mobiles only capable of circuit switched voice New services require wireless data capability. p.20 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

21 Conclusion We are at a unique time when growth in both wireless and wireline technologies are allowing for new opportunities. Existing infrastructure can be made more cost competitive by using new Wireless backhaul methods. Ethernet infrastructure in enterprises can make cellular coverage as straightforward to provide as a streaming application such as VoIP or IPTV. Broadband to the home can bring wireless to the residence improving quality for the user and easing the outdoor requirements for wireless service providers. p.21 Wireless/Wireline Convergence Bell Labs - Sizer 27Apr2007 All Rights Reserved Alcatel-Lucent 2007

Opportunities and Challenges in India s Growing Computing and Wireless Broadband Market

Opportunities and Challenges in India s Growing Computing and Wireless Broadband Market Abhay Karandikar Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Bombay 1 Digital Divide Second Largest Telecom Market-600