Integrated Sensors System Based on IoT and Mobile Cloud Computing

Transcription

1 Integrated Sensors System Based on IoT and Mobile Cloud Computing Majed AlOtaibi 1 and Lo ai A. Tawalbeh 1,2, Yaser Jararweh 2 1 Department of Computer Engineering, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia 2 Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan mmgethami@uqu.edu.sa, latawalbeh@uqu.edu.sa, yijararweh@just.edu.jo Abstract The advances in IT sector, cloud computing, the wide usage of sensors and mobile devices, and the Internet-of-Things (IoT) made our world looks like a small town. These rapid developments keep us connected all the day and seven days a week. Also, the IoT enables the connection of the devices around us (including different sensors) to the internet via different wireless and wired communication technologies. These networked sensors can be used to collect different types of data from different applications (healthcare, agriculture, civil and social life) and send it for processing and extraction of appropriate decisions. The mobile cloud computing technology is an efficient solution to process different types of collected data and respond with the required answer in real time situations where the quick response is very important. In this paper, we build a multipurpose integrated sensors system. This integrated system consists of networked sensors for different purposes and applications. For example, the sensors can be health sensors to measure the pulse and blood pressure of patients, or it can be sensors to measure the temperature to indicate a fire accident. The networked sensors will transfer the sensed data through wireless technologies to a Cloud for processing and notifying the listed users to take the proper action. Keywords Networked Sensors, Mobile Cloud Computing, IoT, health care applications. I. INTRODUCTION The important advances in many ICT sectors and related technologies have had tremendous impact on people lives all over the globe. These developments touched almost every house and every single person who is exposed to them [1]. The mobile cloud computing (MCC) is one of the main developing technologies in the past few years. It has many useful applications in our daily life [2]. The MCC provide the cloud services to the mobile users efficiently and with minimum cost and lowest overhead and cost. There are many models and architectures for MCC [3]. One of the most efficient models is the cloudlet based that uses small clouds (cloudlets) distributed over the coverage area and connected to each other via cheap technologies such as (Wi-Fi) [4]. The use of cloudlet model minimized the communication delay and power consumption compared to non-cloudlet MCC architectures [5][6]. Another recent growing field is the mobile devices industry. Almost all of us are using the mobile devices on daily basis to do many useful tasks starting form regular phone calls to buying houses on the internet [7]. More applications of smart phones are available when these devices are used with the cloud system in MCC environments. The MCC overcomes the short battery life time, the limited processing of these devices [8], and the security issues [9]. In the same context, wireless networks and communication technologies made it easier to connect almost everything to each other and to the internet. The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is associated with the ability to connect almost everything around us to the internet. This interactive connection involves exchanging data in both directions: from and to the internet. The objects than can be connected might be as simple as home appliances and as complex as intensive healthcare devices [10]. The current number of connected devices to the internet is more than 6 billion. By 2020, it is estimated that this number will increase to 20 billion connected device [11]. This expected rapid growth in IoT is accompanied by the need for applying security measures and standards to protect the transmitted and received data from and to these devices [12]. Among the devices that can be networked are the sensors. There are many different types of sensors that perform variety of tasks and can collect data to be used in many useful applications including healthcare, military, disaster recovery, and location determination [13]. The gathered data by sensors are transmitted for processing and extracting real time decisions and actions. Integrating the sensors with IoT and MCC model will result in an efficient networked sensor system for different useful applications in which the collected data is transmitted and processed in the cloud to obtain the most suitable action at the right time. In this paper, we present the IoT concept and architecture, and associated technologies with IoT. Then, we build a multi-purpose integrated sensors system that consists of networked sensors for different purposes and applications (healthcare, transportation, disaster recovery, etc.). The networked sensors will transfer the sensed data /16/$ IEEE

2 through wireless technologies to a Cloud for processing and notifying the listed users to take the proper action. Then Section V draws the conclusions from this work. II. IOT ARCHITECTURE The common IoT architecture is the six layers architecture that is based on network hierarchical structure [14]. The six layers of IoT are: A. Coding Layer Coding layer is the basis of IoT that provides determination and identification to the objects of interest. The identification is done by designating a unique ID to each object that makes it easy to discern the objects. B. Perception Layer This layer called device layer of IoT which provides a physical meaning fact to each available parameter and thing. It contains RFID tags and other networked sensor for sensing the temperature, humidity, speed, and location, etc. of the objects [14]. It can collect dynamic and static beneficial information of the objects from the sensor devices and converts the information into digital signals which is then transferred onto the Network Layer for next action [15]. C. Network Layer This layer receives the information in the form of digital signals from the Perception layer, then transmits this information to the processing systems in the Middleware Layer using different communications technologies. At this layer, accessing different heterogeneous communication networks takes place. The network transport layer is responsible for transmitting and processing information acquired by the sensor layer [15]. D. Middleware Layer This layer processes the information received from the sensor devices. It includes the technologies like Cloud computing that ensures a direct access to the database to store all the necessary information in it. The information is processed in accurate and fully automated way, and systemic model is taken based on the processed results of the knowledge. E. Application layer It is the interface between users and the IOT that combines the industrial need to achieve intelligent IOT application. In the application layer, practical industrial applications-oriented management platform and operation platform are established according to user demand to achieve the characteristics of different applications, such as medical monitoring, intelligent transportation system, and intelligent agriculture, smart transportation, etc. [15]. F. Business Layer This layer manages the applications designed for user and services of IoT. It generates different business models and mechanism for effective business strategies. The three IoT foundation components are Hardware (sensors and appliances), Middleware (internet associated), and Presentation which is the visualization tools that can be accessed on different platforms and for different applications. III. ASSOCIATED TECHNOLOGIES WITH IOT IOT is integrated in many aspects of our life and it has many applications shown in the IOT model (Figure 1). There are many recent technologies that helped in the spread and elevation of IoT. 1. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID): RFID is the essential technology for making the objects uniquely identifiable. (RFID) Can accuracy identify target object automatically through the radio frequency signals and get related data. So, usable to various critical environments. The tags are designed at microchips level and can be active and passive depending on the type of application [14]. Active tags this is always active because it attach a battery supply to them and therefore continuously regenerate the data signals while Passive tags are not battery powered and just regenerate the data signals when they are on. The common example of identification technology is Bar Code, which has the same function as an RFID but RFID is more effective and efficiency than a Bar Code. RFID system consists of readers and associated RFID tags that regenerate the identification, location or any other details about the object, and transmits this information to the readers using radio frequencies for analysis. Figure 2. Wireless sensor network Is a bi-directional wirelessly connected network of sensors in a multi-hop system. It is Multiple intelligent sensors with communication and computing power are enabling the collection, processing, analysis valuable information and cooperate with each other to exchange with the physical world and accomplish application specific tasks, figuration a sensor network [16]. The security is a big concern in wireless networks [17]. The secure Data Aggregation is used to ensure the efficiency and provide security for data collected by the sensors. 3. Cloud/Mobile Cloud Computing: A computing technology in which number of servers and processes are converged on one cloud platform to allow for user to sharing of resources between each other which can be accessed at any time and any place [18]. The

3 cloud /mobile cloud environment can be used to store/analyze the transmitted data and provide the corresponding listed users with the proper action in short time. 4. Networking Technologies Have an important role in the success of IoT. These technologies are responsible for the connection between the objects, which must achieve basic standards we need fast and an efficient network to handle a large number of potential devices. For wide-range transmission network we commonly Use 3G, 4G, etc. but short-range communication network we use technologies like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc. 5. Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) Technologies MEMS are a combination of electric and mechanical components working together to provide several applications including sensing and observing which are already being commercially used in many fields in the form of transducers and accelerometers, etc. [14]. IV. Fig. 2. RFID operation THE INTEGRATED SENSORS SYSTEM The proposed system composed mainly from two parts: the mobile cloud system and the integrated sensors. The hardware components of the integrated sensors poart mainly consist from a microcontroller, Ethernet shield, and the required sensors according to the intended application to be used in. Figure 3 shows the Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It can be connected to a computer with a USB cable and also it can be powered using DC batteries. Fig. 1. IoT model Fig.3. Arduino Uno Microcontroller

4 The sensors are integrated on this board. And in order to be able to transmit the collected data, there is a need to connect to the internet. This is achieved by the Arduino Ethernet shield shown in figure 4. Fig.4. Ethernet shield The last part is the sensors which can be of any type based on the intended usage and applications such as smart transportation, smart planet and environment, disaster recovery, healthcare, etc after the data is collected by these sensors, it is transmitted via wireless technologies to the cloud system for storage/processing/analysis and obtaining the right action at the right time. V. Conclusion The mobile devices and their useful usage made our life more comfortable. Also, the recent technologies such as IOT and the mobile cloud computing technology allows the integrating sensors and mobile devices applications to utilize the cloud services. In this research, we proposed an integrated sensors system based on IOT and Mobile Cloud System that can be used in many useful applications. we build a multi- purpose integrated sensors system. This integrated system consists of networked sensors for different purposes and applications. For example, the sensors can be health sensors to measure the pulse and blood pressure of patients, or it can be sensors to measure the temperature to indicate a fire accident. The networked sensors will transfer the sensed data through wireless technologies to a Cloud for processing and notifying the listed users to take the proper action. ACKNOWLEDGMENT This work is funded by grant number (13-ELE ) from the Long-Term National Science Technology and Innovation Plan (LT-NSTIP), the King Abdul-Aziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We thank the Science and Technology Unit at Umm AL-Qura University for their continued logistics support. REFERENCES [1] Johnson, Larry, et al. The NMC Horizon Report: 2015 Museum Edition. New Media Consortium West Courtyard Drive Building One Suite 100, Austin, TX 78730, [2] Lo ai A. Tawabeh and Waseem Bakhader. A Mobile Cloud System for Different Useful Applications. In the proceedings of The 13th International Conference on Mobile Web and Intelligent Information Systems (MobiWis) August, 2016, Vienna, Austria. [3] Dinh, Hoang T., et al. "A survey of mobile cloud computing: architecture, applications, and approaches." Wireless communications and mobile computing (2013): [4] Lo'ai A. Tawalbeh, Yaser Jararweh, Fadi ababneh and Fahd Dosari. Large Scale Cloudlets Deployment for Efficient Mobile Cloud Computing. Journal of Networks. Vol 10, No 1 (2015), 70-76, Feb [5] Khadijah S. Bahwaireth and Lo ai A. Tawalbeh, Cooperative Models in Cloud Computing and Mobile Cloud Computing. In the proceedings of the 23rd IEEE international conference of Telecommunications (ICT2016), Greece, May 16-18,2016. [6] L o ai A. Tawalbeh, Waseem Bakhader, Houbing Song. A Mobile Cloud Computing Model Using the Cloudlet Scheme for Big Data Applications 2015 IEEE Conference on Connected Health: Applications, Systems and Engineering Technologies (CHASE 2016), pp DOI: /CHASE June 2016, Washington DC, USA. [7] Enck, William, et al. "TaintDroid: an information-flow tracking system for realtime privacy monitoring on smartphones." ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS) 32.2 (2014): 5. [8] Yaser Jararweha, Huda Ababneh, Mohammad Alhammouri, and Lo'ai A. Tawalbeh. Energy Efficient Multi-Level Network Resources Management in Cloud Computing Data Centers. Journal of Networks. Vol. 10, No. 5, May [9] Lo ai A. Tawalbeh, Fadi Ababneh, Yaser Jararweh, Fahd AlDosari. Trust Delegation based Secure Mobile Cloud Computing Framework. In the International Journal of Information and Computer Security, Vol (8) Issue (3), July [10] Bill Fisher and Sudhi Umarji. Identity and access management for smart home devices. National Cybersecurity Center of Excellence. Available online at: June [11] Last accessed: 10/10/2016 [12] Tawalbeh, L A., Darwazeh, Nour S., Raad S. Al-Qassas, and Fahd AlDosari. "A Secure Cloud Computing Model based on Data Classification." Procedia Computer Science 52 (2015): [13] Lo ai, A. Tawalbeh, et al. "Greener and Smarter Phones for Future Cities: Characterizing the Impact of GPS Signal Strength on Power Consumption." IEEE Access 4 (2016): [14] Farooq, M. U., et al. "A Review on Internet of Things (IoT)." International Journal of Computer Applications (2015). [15] Bing, Xu. "Key IOT Technology and Application Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543 (2014):

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